2025高考英语二轮复习 易混易错专项复习（1）阅读理解 导学案（含解析）

2025高考英语二轮复习易混易错专项复习（1）阅读理解导学案（含解析）（1）阅读理解—2025高考英语一轮复习易混易错专项复习一、细节理解题细节理解题通常针对文章中叙述的人物、事物、现象或理论等进行提问，题目难度不大，题干中一般会出现表述较为具体的关键词，考生在审题后可快速锁定关键词并在文章中寻找相应的细节描述。有时候，虽然题干中提供了关键词，但通过题目的提问方式我们会发现，简单地回文搜索关键词已不能满足做题需求。这时，通过审题来帮助我们提前决定解题方式就很有必要了。1.直接细节题此类试题是对原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答题。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。此类试题选项多采用原文中的信息直接进行考查，不需要考生进行推断。做题时，考生可以在文章中找到与答案有关的直接信息。此类试题一般不会涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把选项内容与原文内容认真对比即可确定答案。广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等类别的文章，常涉及直接细节题。2.间接细节题需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理才能得出答案此类试题介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间。四个选项不出现原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。二、推理判断题推理判断题是历年高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面，属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例占30%~40%。从历年的高考阅读理解题来看，推理判断题一般可以归纳为五大题型：细节推断题、文章的来源或读者对象推断题、写作意图题、观点态度题和篇章结构题。预计高考阅读理解题中的推理判断题仍将是考查的重点，应引起考生的重视。1.细节推断题细节推断题考查的内容虽属于原文的细节，但要求考生在原文基础上对文章信息进行分析、理解、推断，立足于已知推断未知。解题原则是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答细节推断题时，首先要定位信息，通过寻读，找到相关信息点；然后进行字面理解，弄懂相关信息点的字面意思；再进行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具体推抽象，由抽象推具体。然后做出符逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。细节推断题的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中寻找并确定推断的依据，推断出隐藏的深层含义，要做到判断有据、推断有理。2.观点态度推断题文章中作者对某人或某事的观点态度、文章中涉及的人或组织机构的观点态度是常考内容。在记叙文中，作者往往不直接提出观点，考生在阅读文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语，从而推断出作者或文中人物的言外之意。3.意图目的推断题意图目的推理判断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章陈述的事实，使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同时要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。当然，有时候也会考查考生推断开展某项活动的目的意图，要通过对事件的起因和事件发起人的愿望推断出目的和意图来。4.文章出处或读者对象推断题推断文章出处和读者对象的题目，首先要从文章的体裁和内容着手，弄清文章的中心话题，然后根据话题，确定文章来源和读者对象。如：新闻、广告应出现在报纸、网络上；科普类文章应出现在科学杂志上或报纸的科学版块上；对子女的教育话题的读者对象应该是父母。5.下文内容或事件发展结果推断题此类题目要求考生根据语篇对事件可能的结局和下段可能涉及的内容进行预测。解这类题目时，考生应把握作者的写作思路和文章的篇章结构，根据文章最后一段的描述做出合情合理的预测。三、主旨大意题主旨大意题主要考查考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。该类题目是高考中的难点之一，也是区分度较大的题目。主要考查：选择最佳标题；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。此类题正确选项的特点：通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词；能概括文章（或段落）的全部内容。干扰项的特点：以偏概全；选项过于笼统；选项内容是命题者杜撰的；选项与主题无关。因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主题，所以在解答此类题时，考生不要急于去找答案，不论它出现在什么位置都永远把主旨大意题作为最后一道题来做。在做完另外几道题后，无疑会有助于考生加深对整篇文章的理解。四、词义猜测题1.依据定义推测词义在许多情况下，文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that，which，is等。2.依据同位语推测词义通常引出该词同位语的词或短语有or，thatis，inotherwords等，还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现。在这些标记词后考生可较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。3.依据文章中的举例推测词义在阅读理解中，考生可以根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，推断出该生词的意思。4.依据对比关系或比较关系的词语推测词义当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时，往往会运用对比的手法，即运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，也可以暗示出生词的含义。能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多，主要有but，yet，however，while，unlike，instead，like，similarly，onthecontrary，Incontrastto等。标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。5.依据构词法推测词义分析复合词：如果一个生词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的复合词，可以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上下文推测出该词的意思。考生同时要了解构词法知识。6.依据上下文语境，通过对应结构或平行结构中的同义词、反义词推测词义7.依据因果关系推测词义因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系。一定的原因会导致一定的结果，某一结果总是由某种或某些原因引起的。作者在叙述原因的过程中就必然会把词或句子置于因果关系中。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有since，as，because，for，so，thus，consequently，therefore，hence，dueto，resultin，resultfrom，asaresult，forthisreason，accordingly，sothat，so...that，such…that等。8.利用上下文来推测词义

Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt.,Mesa,,$93.1.HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?A.Bringafriend. B.Getamembership.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Bookaticketonline.2.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?A.Havefreefood. B.Enjoyrealsnow.C.Takeartclasses. D.Meetlocalartists.3.Whicheventlaststhelongest?A.ZooLights:GlowWild. B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.C.FamilyFunWinterfest. D.YouthFineArtsCourses.WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina."Ecologicaldesign"isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,"hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair."4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.ABritishwomanwhowona$1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(变革)."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort—whetheranupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears."I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby—theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,"shesaid."Weneedartistsmorethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:"Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd-on."Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A.Makeamovie. B.Buildnewschools.C.Runaproject. D.Helplocalmusicians.9.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A.Itisparticularlydifficult. B.Itincreasesartists'income.C.Itopenschildren'smind. D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A.Moralprinciples. B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativeabilities. D.Positiveworldviews.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BringArtiststoSchools B.WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC.ArtsEducationinBritain D.TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacherLivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil'sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.12.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.13.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement. B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit. D.Distinctivestyles.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'stripwithfriendstoDevil'sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.15.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil'sLake?A.Amusing. B.Satisfying. C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled"Strawpocalypse",apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic",VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped(倾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.16.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.17.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.18.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewersinparagraph4?A.Calming. B.Shocking C.Refreshing D.Challenging.19.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Artists'opinionsonPlasticsafety.B.MediaInterestincontemporaryart.C.Responsibilitydemandedofbigcompanies.D.Oceanplasticstransformedintosculptures.Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."20.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair. B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective. D.They'restrict.21.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs22.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication. B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts. D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.23.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck

Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush(灌木丛)intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.

Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy(树冠层)ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.

Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.

Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain—yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity(湿气)oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.24.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyproduceoxygen. B.Theycoveravastarea.C.Theyarewellmanaged. D.Theyarerichinwildlife.25.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A.Heavyrains B.Bigtrees. C.Smallplants. D.Forestanimals.26.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.Formoresunlight. B.Formoregrowingspace.C.Forself-protection. D.Forthedetectionofinsects.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Life-GivingRainforests B.TheLawoftheJungleC.AnimalsintheAmazon D.WeatherinRainforestsU.S.teensspendmorethaneighthoursadayonscreen,andthere'sgrowingconcernoverhowsocialmediamayaffecttheirmentalhealth.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatlimitingscreentimetoaboutonehouradayhelpedanxiousteensfeelbetterabouttheirbodyimageandtheirappearance.ThestudyarosefromthepersonalexperienceofHelenThai,adoctoralstudentinpsychologyatMcGillUniversity."WhatInoticedwhenIwasengaginginsocialmediawasthatIcouldn'thelpbutcomparemyself,"Thaisays.Shewaswellawarethatsocialmediapostsoftenfeaturepolished,airbrushedorfilteredimagesthatcanalterappearancesinanunrealisticway,butitstillaffectedhernegatively.So,ThaiandateamofresearchersdecidedtotestwhethercuttingtimeonsocialmediaplatformsincludingInstagram,TikTokandSnapchatwouldimprovethebodyimage.Theyrecruitedafewhundredvolunteers,allofwhomhadexperiencedsymptomsofanxietyordepression,whichcouldmakethemvulnerabletotheeffectsofsocialmedia.Halfoftheparticipantswereaskedtoreducetheirscreentimeto60minutesadayforthreeweekswhiletheotherhalfcontinuedtousesocialmediawithnorestrictions,whichaveragedaboutthreehoursperday.Theresearchersgavetheparticipantssurveysatthebeginningandendofthestudy,whichincludedstatementssuchas"I'mprettyhappyaboutthewayIlook."and"Iamsatisfiedwithmyweight."Amongthegroupthatcutsocialmediause,theoverallscoreonappearanceimprovedfrom2.95to3.15ona5-pointscale.Thismayseemlikeasmallchange,butanyshiftinsuchashortperiodoftimeisstriking,theauthorssay."Thestudyisencouraging,butitonlyincludedpeoplewhohadsymptomsofanxietyordepression.It'sworthevaluatingthisapproachwithothergroups,suchaspeoplewithoratriskofeatingdisorders.It'salsopossiblethatthebenefitsofcuttingbackcouldextendmorebroadlytoanyoneinthisagegroup,"saysPsychologistAndreaGraham,co-directoroftheCenterforBehavioralInterventionTechnologiesatNorthwesternUniversity.28.WhatproblemmaysocialmediabringtoteenagersaccordingtoThai?A.TheymaybecomeaddictedtotheInternet.B.Theytendtobecomesensitivetoothers'comments.C.Theymayhaveunrealisticexpectationsoftheirimage.D.Theytendtocomparethemselveswiththeimagespostedonline.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparticipantsduringthestudy?A.Theyscoredtheirappearancetwice.B.Halfofthemstoppedusingsocialmedia.C.Theyhopedtoimprovetheirbodyimage.D.Mostofthemshoweddissatisfactionwiththeirweight.30.WhatdidGrahamthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasagoodtrybuthadlimitations.B.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.C.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.D.Itwasencouragingbuttheevidencewasunreliable.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowSocialMediaChangesTeenagersB.HowtoHelpTeenagersLimitScreentimeC.ShorterScreenTime,BetterFeelingsonLookD.LessAnxiety,BetterImage

答案以及解析1.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据小标题ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19下的段落$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.(会员价11.95美元,普通门票价13.95美元)可知,要买到ZooLightsshow的折扣票,需成为会员。故选B。2.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据小标题FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4下的段落OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.(位于沙漠的OdySeaAquarium正在其DesertCourtyard举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动,以真正的雪为特色,供孩子们玩耍)可知,在FamilyFunWinterfest可以享受真正的雪。故选B。3.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据每段的小标题"ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19(ZooLights:GlowWild,1月1日到19日),DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18(DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts,1月4日到18日),FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4(FamilyFunWinterfest,1月4日)和YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18–Mar.7(YouthFineArtsCourse,1月18日到3月7日)可知,四个活动中,持续最长的是YouthFineArtsCourse。故选D。4.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的explore、startedtowonder和第二段中的studying、wentbacktoobserving、askingquestions可以推断出,约翰·托德自孩童时代就喜欢探究和质疑。故选C。inquiring意为"爱探索的,好奇的"。故选C。5.答案：D解析：推理判断题。本题问的是John把污泥放进水箱的目的。根据第二段最后一句可知,John决定建造一个生态箱(eco-machine)。第三段主要讲述了John的实验过程(把污泥放进水箱里并观察)。第四段描述实验结果—这个生态箱里的动植物把污泥当成食物吃了。由此可推断出,John把污泥放进水箱的目的是测试他研制的生态箱。故选D。6.答案：B解析：推理判断题,考查写作目的。根据题干关键词Fuzhou可定位到第五段。根据"Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs"可知,John已经承担了很多大型工作。紧接着通过他的发明应用于南伯灵顿和福州的例子来说明他的想法在实践中的应用(application)。故选B。7.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair"可知John的研究依据是自然可以进行自我修复。故选A。8.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚扎菲拉库(AndriaZafirakou表示,她想掀起场课堂革命。我们将做出改变,她说。"我已经启动了一个项目,以促进我们学校的艺术教学。")可知,Zafirakou打算用自己的奖金运行一个项目。故选C。9.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段"Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort—whetheranupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.(许多学校很难让任何类型的艺术家无论是当地崭露头角的音乐家还是主要的电影明星—进入学校,与孩子们一起工作并激励他们,因此才有了这个项目。)"可知,CraigMartin认为,英国学校的艺术教学尤其困难。故选A。10.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.(这是绝对必要的。未来取决于创造力,而创造力取决于年轻人。)"可知,Schama认为学校教育应该强调创造力。故选C。11.答案：A解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,"saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachangeshesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(伦敦北部中学教师安德里亚扎菲拉库AndriaZafirakou表示,她想掀起一场课堂革命。我们将做出改变,她说。"我已经启动了一个项目,以促进我们学校的艺术教学。")可知,文章讲述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的奖金启动了一个项目,将艺术家带进学校,促进艺术教学。故选A。12.答案：B解析：细节理解题。本题问的是作者是如何应对中西部地区风景摄影师所面临的挑战的。thechallenge指的是第一段中的"thecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation(艾奥瓦州缺少地理差异)"。再结合题干关键词intheMidwest可定位到第二段。根据"Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway."可知,作者通过去州立公园或乡村拍摄照片来应对这一挑战。故选B。13.答案：A解析：细节理解题。题干中的thekey与第三段第一句中的decisive同义。根据"Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography."可知,在合适的时间到达合适的地点是至关重要的。再结合最后一段作者去魔鬼湖(Devil'sLake)拍摄照片留下遗憾的经历可知,风景摄影成功的关键是恰当的时间管理。故选A。14.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词theauthor'stripwithfriendstoDevil'sLake可定位到最后一段。根据"Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroutesoweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime."可知,作者认为时间宽裕,就离开既定的拍摄地点往更高的地方爬了,结果忘记了返回的正确路线,差点错过了要拍摄的落日。由此可推知,他们到达拍摄地点的时间要比预计的晚。故选C。15.答案：B解析：推理判断题,考查作者的观点态度。根据最后一段最后一句"Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely."可知,作者认为,尽管他可以把照片拍得更好,但现在这些照片仍然是自己拍得最好的。由此可推知,这些照片是令作者满意的(satisfying)。故选B。16.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话"Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts."(他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。)可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。17.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话"Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled."(塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的最大来源，但最近它们受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要它们来喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量重，无法回收。)可知，塑料吸管体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的难度。故选A。18.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(说明)