语法专题复习谓语动词的被动语态课件高三英语一轮复习

谓语动词的被动语态Part01谓语动词被动态英语动词的两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词——被动态被动语态由“助动词be+动词过去分词”构成，一般来说只有及物动词才有被动语态。助动词be有人称、数、时态的变化。常见的七种时态的被动语态：一般现在时：am/isaredone

一般过去时：was/weredone一般将来时：will/shallbedone 现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone 现在完成时：have/hasbeendone

过去完成时：hadbeendone一、被动语态的形成注意：含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词+be+过去分词。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天八小时的睡眠必须保证。一、被动语态的形成1、不知道或没必要指明动作的执行者时。Thesportsmeetingwillbeheldnextweek.运动会将在下周进行。2、强调或突出动作的承受者时Tommywasunluckytobehitbythefootball.汤米很倒霉地被那个足球砸到了。3、动作的执行者被较长的修饰语修饰时。Thecoatwasorderedbythefashionablydressedwoman.这件大衣被那位穿着时髦的女性预定了。二、使用被动语态的主要情况一个句子宾语变主语的过程就是主动变被动的过程。1、主语+谓语+宾语→被动句Hewaterstheflowerseveryday.→Theflowersarewateredbyhimeveryday.三、主动与被动的转换2、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语→被动句①give，send，take，bring等常带有两个宾语，变为被动语态时，可将其中任何一个宾语改为主语，另一个保留不变。在这种变换过程中，如果直接宾语成为被动句的主语，被保留的间接宾语前通常加to。Thestudentsgavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.学生们给予了外国宾客热烈的欢迎。1）Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythestudents.2）Awarmwelcomewasgiventotheforeignguestsbythestudents.三、主动与被动的转换2、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语→被动句②buy，make，find，get等在被动语态中被保留的间接宾语前通常加for。此时for不可省略，在这种结构中，间接宾语不作主语。Myfatherboughtmeamobilephone.→Amobilephonewasboughtformebymyfather.Iwasboughtamobilephonebymyfather.（×）三、主动与被动的转换3、主语+谓语+宾语+宾补→被动句①该结构变为被动句时，主动句中的宾语变为主语，宾语补足语变为主语补足语，原主语常省略。Wecallthiskindofwaterspringwater.我们称这种水为泉水。→Thiskindofwateriscalledspringwater(byus).三、主动与被动的转换②带有形式宾语it的句子也可以变为被动句。Weconsideritimportanttopreparewellforthecomingexamination.我们认为充分准备即将到来的考试很重要。→Itisconsideredimportanttopreparewellforthecomingexamination(byus).③省略to的不定式作宾语补足语在变为被动句时要加上toIheardhermovearoundintheroomlastnight.昨晚我听到她在房间里走动。→Shewasheardtomovearoundintheroomlastnight.三、主动与被动的转换1、被动语态表动作，系表结构表状态。Thecatwasfrightenedbylightning.猫被闪电惊吓到了。（猫被吓到）Thecatwasfrightened.猫惊吓到了。（猫处惊吓状态。）四、被动语态与系表结构的区别2、系表结构中过去分词可用quite，very，rather，too，so，more，most等词修饰，被动结构中过去分词可用greatly，much等词修饰。Themeetingwasarrangedquiteperfect.会议安排得相当完美。Weweregreatlytouchedbytheletter.这封信使我们深受感动。四、被动语态与系表结构的区别Part02练习1.Now,peoplecanlearnaboutthehistorythroughadocumentarycalledTheSix:TheUntoldStoryofTitanic’sChinesePassengers,which__________(release)onApril16,2021.2.InAugust2019,ameteorologicalcenterand65staffmembersfromacrosstheprovincebeganoperationsinXi’an.Andnowtheteam__________(support)bytheworkofotherforecastersintheprovince.3.Sofar,anumberofnewtechnologies__________(apply)tothecorecabin(核心舱).练习wasrealeasedis/aresupportedhavebeenapplied4.Thatpromisemaybeyearsawayfromrealizationbutrapidtypingenabledbybioprintingatpresent__________(push)medicaladvancesforwardatasteadypace.5.Fairtradeisthetradethatisgoodfortheproducer,asystemthatensuresmoreofthepriceconsumerspay__________(go)totheproducer.6.TherepairoftheJiankouGreatWall,which__________(start)in2016,wascarriedoutgradually.练习ispushinggoesstarted7.ThisChinesepalacewithahistoryofabout600yearsreceivesmillionsofvisitorseveryyearandlotsofTVprograms__________(show)theplaceinrecentyears.8.EverytimewhenI__________(be)abletodeliveraspeechtotheaudiencefromaroundtheworld,Ialwaysthoughtofyou.练习haveshownwas9.AmidtheongoingCOVID-19pandemic,moreandmoreChinesehaverealizedtheimportanceofhealthand__________(start)exercisingathomebecauseofthecontrolandpreventionpolicythathindersthemfromgoingoutsometimes.10.Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains,which