北京市平谷区2024-2025学年高二上册12月月考英语学情检测试题（附答案）

北京市平谷区2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语学情检测试题一、完形填空（本大题共1小题）Somedreamstakelongertocometruethanothers,butwiththehelpof21st-centurysocialmediaandhergreat-grandson,attheageof110,oneBritishwomanis1hersatlonglast.

AttheendofWorldWarI,AmyHawkinswasa7-year-oldchildwholovednothingmorethanto2.Asateen,Hawkinssether3onbecominganentertainer.Hawkinswasonherway,touringthecountrywithadancetroupe(歌舞团)—untilherambitionwas4byhermom,whodidn’tseeitasarespectable5forayounglady.Alltheseyearslater,the110-year-oldladylivesathomeinMonmouth,SouthWales,surroundedbyherlovedones.Thefour-generationfamilyunitincludeshergranddaughter,HannahFreeman,andFreeman’s14-year-oldson,Sacha.Eventhoughshe’snolongerdoingit6,Hawkinshasneverstoppedsinging.“She’slikeaclock,onceyouwindherupshewon’tstop,”Freemansaidinaninterview.“Shejustkeepsasking,‘Wouldyou7anotherone?’.”OnHawkins’110thbirthday,Sacha8hisgreat-gransingingoneofherfavoriteWWItunes.WhenFreemanjokinglysuggestedSachapostittoTikTok,neitherofthemcouldhave9theoverwhelminglypositiveresponseitwouldreceive,reaching100,000viewsandalargenumberofemotionalpraisesinjustdays.Somejourneystakelongerthanothers.Sometimes,we’redetoured(绕路)alongtheway.Dreamscananddocometrueeveryday.Whileit’sbeenalongtimecoming,AmyHawkinsis10awholenewgenerationoffans.1．A．reflecting B．realizing C．recalling D．researching2．A．sing B．study C．paint D．film3．A．values B．limits C．sights D．hands4．A．cutback B．cutin C．cutthrough D．cutshort5．A．method B．grade C．level D．occupation6．A．nervously B．professionally C．reasonably D．secretly7．A．bring B．have C．like D．read8．A．caught B．videoed C．reported D．remembered9．A．imagined B．noticed C．missed D．suspected10．A．entertaining B．becoming C．representing D．inviting二、语法填空（本大题共3小题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenyoutakeawalkinanyofthecitiesintheWest,youoftenseealotofpeople11(walk)withdogs.Itisstilltruethatthedogisthemostfaithfulanimalsintheworld.Butthereasons12peoplekeepadoghavechangedalot.Intheolddays,peopleusedtotraindogstoprotectthemselvesagainsttheattacks13otherbeasts.Nowpeopleinthecitykeepdogstoprotectthemselves,butthemostimportantreasoniscompanionship.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AhutongisatypicalancientcitystreetinBeijing.14(surround)theForbiddenCity,manyhutongswerebuiltduringtheYuan,MingandQing15(dynasty).AttheendoftheQingdynasty,manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneatarrangement.SincethefoundingofthenewChinain1949,hutongconditions16(improve).Butinrecentyears,modernbuildingshavereplacedthehousesinmanyhutongs.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OfalltheworksofWilliamShakespearethathavegracedthetheatersinChina,Hamletis17(arguable)themostfamousamongChineseaudiences.Ithasalsobeenadaptedmanytimesinthecountry.VeteranChineseactorsHuJun,PuCunxiandLuFangwillplaytheleadingroles,along18agroupofyoungeractorsincludingMiaoChi,LiShilongandJingXi.“WhenwestartedworkingonadaptingShakespeare’splays,wekeptaskingquestions—variousquestionsthatcouldhelpustounderstandtheplaywright’s19(intent),”saysLiLiuyi,whoalsoworkswiththeBeijingPeople’sArtTheaterand20workscovertraditionalChineseoperas,avant-gardeplays,Westernoperasandballet.三、选词填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空。convince

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involve21．Idon’tfeelI’machievingmyfullinmypresentjob.22．Despitethegame,Unitedcouldn’tscoreandlost2-0.23．You’llhavetoworkhardifyouwanttoinlife.24．Wholevillagesbythefloods,whichastonishedeveryonepresent.25．Arecentopinionpiecesuggestschildrenareoutofcontrol,andit’sparentswho.26．Astudylong-distancerunnersisbeingdoneattheMedicalCenter.27．It’suselesstryingtoher(that)shedoesn’tneedtoloseanyweight.28．Youngpeoplemustthepresentandkeeptheireyesfirmlyfixedontheirfutures.29．Hehimselftoproducinganewalbumasagifttohisfather.30．Sincetheearthquakestruck,offersofhelpinfromalloverthecountry.四、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）DearTeresaSilva,TheofficialoftheuniversityhasreportedtousthatyouareanEnglishmajorwhomeetsthehighstandardsformembershipinSigmaTauDelta.Asisknown,SigmaTauDeltawasfoundedin1924atDakotaWesleyanUniversity.ItisaninternationalcollegiatehonorsocietyforstudentsofEnglish.Itpresentlyhasover850chaptersintheUnitedStates,Europe,theMiddleEast,andtheCaribbean.Over9,000newmembersareadmittedintotheorganizationannually.SigmaTauDelta’spurposeistopromoteliteratureandwritingandtoadvancethestudyofthewrittenword.MembersgatherannuallyinthespringattheinternationalmeetingtopresentpapersandshareexperiencesandideaswithintheEnglishsubject.TheSocietyofferstensofthousandsofdollarsinscholarships,awards,aswellaspublicationchancesinitsjournalsTheRectangleandTheSigmaTauDeltaReview.ItisourpleasureifyoucancompletetheapplicationforSigmaTauDeltamembership.Ifyouwouldliketobeincludedinthisspring’sinduction(入会)ceremony,pleasecompletetheapplicationform,andincludeamounttocoverbothlocalandinternationalfees.Yourcompletedformmustbereceivedbydatetobeconsideredfortheupcominginductionceremony.nyouroutstandingacademicrecordandhopeyouwilljoinusasaSigmaTauDeltamember.Ifyouwanttogetmoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsite,orgiveusacall.Thephonenumberis583-2864.Sincerely,EmilyLister31．Accordingtothepassage,SigmaTauDelta______.A．dealswithlanguagelearningB．opensitsdoortoallthestudentsofEnglishC．changesitsmemberseveryyearD．mainlytakeschargeofscientificpublications32．Attheannualmeeting,membersofSigmaTauDeltahavethechanceto______.A．meetallthechapterleadersB．receivetensofthousandsofdollarsC．shareexperiencesandviewsD．chooseaparticularsubjectasamajor33．Thispassageisbasicallyaletterof_____.A．introduction B．congratulation C．thanks D．invitationFrommusicianandphilanthropist(慈善家)PeterBuffettcomesawarm,wise,andinspirationalbookthatasks,Whichwillyouchoose:thepathwithleastdifficultyorthepathofpotentiallygreatestsatisfaction?Youmaythinkthatwithalastnamelikehis,Buffetthasenjoyedalifeofendlessadvantage.ButthesonofbillionaireWarrenBuffettsaysthattheonlyrealthinghandeddownfromhisfatherwas:Buildyourownpathinlife.Itisaprinciplethathasallowedhimtofollowhisowninterests,establishhisownidentity,andgainhisownsuccesses.InLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt,Buffettdescribesthestrongsetofvaluesgiventohimbyhistrustingandbroadmindedmother,hishardworkingandtalentedfather,andthemanylifeteachershehasmetalongtheway.Today’ssociety,Buffettbelieves,haschangedalot.Peoplebegintoenjoywhattheydo,withawealthethic(财富伦理),honorthepayoffinsteadoftheprocess.Yet,byfocusinglessonreward,wecanopendoorsofopportunityandworkhardtowardagreatersenseofsatisfaction.Inclearandbriefterms,Buffettexplainsagreattruth:Lifecannotbepredictedanddoesn’thaveasecondchance,neitherfairnorunfair.Weseethatourjourneyinlifeseldomfollowsastraightlinebutisoftenmetwithfalsestarts,difficulties,andmistakes.Howwepushthroughanddon’tgiveupatthesechallengingmomentsiswherewebegintocreatethelifeofourdreams—fromdiscoveringourcareerstogivingbacktoothers.Personalandinstructive,LifeIsWhatYouMakeItisaboutchallengingyourcondition,takingcontrolofyourownlifeandlivingittothefullest.34．WhatdoesPeterBuffettvaluemostabouthismother?A．Intelligence. B．Independence. C．Broadmindedness. D．Hardwork.35．Whichproverbcanbestexpressthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?A．Nobodyisperfect. B．Lifeisfullofupsanddowns.C．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. D．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.36．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPeterBuffett?A．Heworksonmusic. B．Hisfatherisveryrich.C．HewroteLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt. D．Hethinkssocietyhaschangedforthebetter.37．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tointroduceabook. B．Todescribeawriter.C．Totalkaboutwhatlifeisabout. D．Todiscusshowtoliveameaningfullife.LifeintheClearTranrentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet---asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey’reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.”Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?Itstrickierthanyoumightthink.Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter(散射)light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.Butatranrentobjectdoesn’tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatranrentobjectdoesn’tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon’tseeityouseethethingsbehindit.Tobecometranrent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatranrentanimaldoesn’thavepigments,soitstissueswon’tabsorblight.AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglightfromscattering.Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterials---skin,fat,andmore---andlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Tranrentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like(果冻状的)materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.Largertranrentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey’redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselargeranimals,stayingtranrentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-tranrentmilkywhite.38．AccordingtoParagraph1,tranrentanimals.A．stayingroups B．canbeeasilydamagedC．appearonlyindeepocean D．arebeautifulcreatures39．Theunderlinedword“dead”inParagraph3means.A．silently B．graduallyC．regularly D．completely40．Onewayforananimaltobecometranrentisto.A．changethedirectionoflighttravel B．gathermaterialstoscatterlightC．avoidtheabsorptionoflight D．growbiggertostoplight41．Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertranrentanimals.A．movemoreslowlyindeepwaterB．staysee-throughevenafterdeathC．producemoretissuesfortheirsurvivalD．takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreadingIttookmemorethan10yearstorealizethattheworldhasnoshortageoffashion(时尚)designerswhohavetheabilitytomaketrendyandelegantgarments,butthatitisbadlyinneedof,simply,clothesdesigners.Myowndefinitionswouldsetfashionandclothinggreatlyapart.Itisafactthat,intheshoppingmalls,thereareplentyofbeautifulgarmentswhoseunpredictabilitymakesourlifecolorfulandinteresting.Youarealmostconvinced:Youcanbuywhateveryoudaretothink.Thereisnodoubtthatfashiondesignersareusuallywithhighqualifications.Theystudyfashiontrends,selectcolors,andmakesurethefinalproductionoftheirdesignsisdoneproperly.However,asexperiencegrewwithage,myattractiontoartsbecameeverstronger.Ihaveastrongdesireforclothingtostandasdoespainttothepainter,asdoesstonetothesculptor,asasimpleandparticularlanguageofanindividualcreation,whichdrawstheaudiencefromanappreciationofthesurfacetodeeperthoughtswiththeworldofthesoul.Ibelievethatthemostmeaningfulcreativemotivesshouldarisethroughcaringforotherpeople,thegreatcareofhumanity—aconcernforhumanfeelingandspirituality.Thisincludeslove,butitisbiggerthanlove,anditisunconditional.Ibelievethegreatestworksofartcantouchthedeepestandstrongestpartsofhumanfeelingsandtheworldofthespirit,andonlytheseworkscanbethememoriesofhistory,preservingthemostvaluablefeelingsthathaveeverexisted,andinspiringagreaterawarenessofourselves.Iamnotsatisfiedifpeopleonlyappreciateclothingifitmerelysatisfiestheirdesire.Ibelieveclothingcouldbeaspecificcreativelanguageforcommunicatingideasandthoughts,forinspiringyouandshapingyourbehavior.Thoseclothesfashionedoutofnecessitypossessapowerthatcancontinuetoexistacrosstheages.ThisiswhatIhavetriedtoachieve,theclothingtoreturntoitsoriginalsimplicity,theclothingtohelppeopleregainthenaturalsense.Thetruefashiontodayshouldnotfollowthetrends.Itshouldinsteaduncovertheextraordinaryintheordinary,for.Ibelievethepleasureyougetfromtheclothingisnotitsprice,butitsspirit.42．Accordingtothewriter,mostfashiondesignersare______.A．lackofimagination B．deepinthought C．unproductive D．trendy43．Bysaying“Thisincludeslove”inParagraph2,thewriterregards“love”as______.A．averyimportantpartofthespiritualworldB．aformofconcernforhumanfeelingandspiritualityC．oneofthemostmeaningfulcreativemotivationsD．whatcanbeachievedthroughtheworksofhand44．Thewriterindicatesthattheprimitiveclothesaremadeasaresultof______.A．respectfornature B．spiritualvalue C．necessity D．simplicity45．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Humanityisfundamentalinfashiondesign.B．Thegrowingfashiontrendspresenthumaninterest.C．Designersmustconcernforthedesireofconsumers.D．Fashionclotheshavecloserelationswithearthpredictions.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatIThinkofBoxingasaSportBoxingisapopularsport.Newpers,magazinesandsportsprogrammesonTVfrequentlycoverboxingmatches.Itcouldbethetoughestofallsportstosurvive.Ittakesboxershoursinthegymandyearstodevelopthespecificcharacteristicsneededtobeagreatboxer.46Itseemstomethatsomepeople,especiallymen,finditappealingbecauseitisanaggressivesport.Whentheywatchaboxingmatch,theycanidentifywiththewinningboxer.Thisgivesthemthefeelingofbeingawinnerthemselves.47Theydothatbecausetheboxercomesfromtheirowncountry,andif“their”boxerloses,theyoftenfeelasiftheyhavelostafightthemselves.Itisafactthatmanypeoplehavefeelingsofaggressionfromtimetotime,buttheycannotshowtheiraggressionintheireverydaylives.Watchingaboxingmatchgivesthemawayofexpressingit．48Althoughboxerswearglovesduringthefights,andamateurboxersevenhavetowearhelmets,akindofstronghardhat,therehavefrequentlybeenaccidentsinbothprofessionalandamateurboxing,sometimeswithdramaticconsequences.Boxershavesufferedfromheadinjuries,and,occasionally,fightershaveevenbeenkilledasaresultofbeingknockedoutinthering.49Theyareusuallyintheformofseriousbraindamage,evenifaboxerhasneverbeenknockedout.Toconclude,Iampersonallynotatallinfavorofaggressivesportslikeboxing．50Wecancelebratemoremenandwomenfromnon-aggressivesportsasourheroesinoursociety.Ibelievethattheworldisaggressiveenoughalready!Ofcourse,peoplelikecompetitivesports,andsodoI,butIthinkthathittingotherpeopleinanaggressivewayisnotsomethingthatshouldberegardedasasport．A．However,boxingcanbeaverydangeroussport.B．Sometimesfansarerootingforaparticularboxer.C．Inboxing,fightersarerequiredtohitamovingtarget.D．Manyfansaredrawntothesportbecausetheylovethecompetition.E．Perhapsthatisthereasonwhysuccessfulboxersaretreatedasbigheroes.F．IthinkitwouldbebetteriflesstimewasgiventoaggressivesportsonTV.G．Besides,studieshaveshownthatthereareoftenlong-termeffectsofboxing.

答案【正确答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D5．D6．B7．C8．B9．A10．A【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了AmyHawkins从小喜欢唱歌并立志当一名艺人，却不被妈妈看好，直到她110岁时还在坚持歌唱梦想的故事。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些梦想要比其他的更久才能实现，但在21世纪的社交媒体和她曾孙的帮助下，一位110岁的英国女性终于实现了自己的梦想。A.reflecting反思，反射；B.realizing实现，意识到；C.recalling回忆；D.researching研究。根据上文“Somedreamstakelongertocometruethanothers”可知，空后的“hers”指代的就是dream“梦想”。因此这里要用realizing。故选B项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一次世界大战结束时，艾米·霍金斯还是个7岁的孩子，她最喜欢的就是唱歌。A.sing唱歌；B.study学习；C.paint画画；D.film电影，摄制电影。根据下文“Hawkinswasonherway,touringthecountrywithadancetroupe(歌舞团)”和“Hawkinshasneverstoppedsinging.”可知，霍金斯最喜欢唱歌。故选A项。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金斯十几岁时就立志要成为一名艺人。A.values价值；B.limits限制；C.sights视力，景象，眼界；D.hands手。根据本句结构可知，这里是短语setone’ssighton“力求，立志于”。由此可见，十几岁时的霍金斯立志要当一个艺人。故选C项。4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：霍金斯当时正在路上，她和一个舞蹈团在全国巡回演出，直到她的梦想被她的母亲终止了，她的母亲认为这不是一个年轻女士应该做的体面职业。A.cutback削减，修剪；B.cutin插嘴，超车；C.cutthrough刺穿，抄近路走过；D.cutshort缩短，打断。根据下句“whodidn’tseeitasarespectable5forayounglady”可知，霍金斯的妈妈认为当艺人不体面，由此可判断出是不赞同她去走这条路的，因此霍金斯的雄心被中断了。故选D项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金斯当时正在路上，她和一个舞蹈团在全国巡回演出，直到她的梦想被她的母亲终止了，她的母亲认为这不是一个年轻女士应该做的体面职业。A.method方法；B.grade年级，分数；C.level水平；D.occupation职业。根据上文中的“Hawkinssether3onbecominganentertainer.”以及“untilherambitionwas4byhermom”可判断出，霍金斯长大了想把当艺人当成一份工作，但是被妈妈不认同，因为她妈妈认为艺人是一个不受尊重的职业。故选D项。6．A.nervously：尽管霍金斯已经不再是职业歌手，但她从未停止过唱歌。A.nervously焦虑地；B.professionally专业地；C.reasonably合理地；D.secretly秘密地。根据第二段第三句“untilherambitionwas4byhermom,whodidn’tseeitasarespectable5forayounglady.”可知，霍金斯由于妈阻挠，没有从事唱歌这个职业，因此就有了，她不是职业歌手，但是从未停止唱歌。故选B项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直在问，你想再听一首歌吗？A.bring带来；B.have有；C.like喜欢；D.read读。根据上文中的“She’slikeaclock,onceyouwindherupshewon’tstop,”Freemansaidinaninterview.”可知，老妇人唱起歌来就停不下来，总是会问要不要再听一首歌曲，wouldlike想要，故选C项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在霍金斯110岁生日那天，萨夏拍下了他曾祖母唱她最喜欢的WWI歌曲之一的视频。A.caught抓住；B.videoed录制；C.reported报告；D.remembered记得。根据第五段第二句“WhenFreemanjokinglysuggestedSachapostittoTikTok”可知，此处是把录制的视频发布到抖音上去。故选B项。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们俩谁也没有想到它会在短短几天内得到如此压倒性的积极回应，点击量达到了10万次，还有大量的情感赞扬。A.imagined想象；B.noticed注意到；C.missed想念；D.suspected怀疑。根据空后“neitherofthemcouldhave9theoverwhelminglypositiveresponseitwouldreceive,reaching100,000viewsandalargenumberofemotionalpraisesinjustdays.”可知，录制的视频发布到网上以后有很大的相应，这很难想象的到。故选A项。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在漫长的等待之后，艾米·霍金斯迎来了新一代的粉丝A.entertaining娱乐，招待；B.becoming成为；C.representing代表；D.inviting邀请。根据空前一句“Whileit’sbeenalongtimecoming”可知，由于母亲的原因霍金斯没有从事歌唱事业，但是在110岁的时候一举成名迎来了自己的第一批粉丝。故选A项。【正确答案】11．walking12．why13．from/of/by【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今人们养狗的原因发生了变化，从过去用狗来保护自己免受其他野兽的攻击到如今用狗来保护自己和陪伴自己。11．考查现在分词。句意：当你在西方任何一个城市散步时，你经常会看到很多人带着狗散步。seesb.doingsth.固定搭配，意为“看见某人正在做某事”，故填walking。12．考查定语从句。句意：但人们养狗的原因已经发生了很大变化。_______peoplekeepadog是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reasons，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导，故填why。13．考查固定搭配。句意：在过去，人们常常训练狗来保护自己免受其他野兽的攻击。此处既可以表示“来自其他野兽的攻击”，应用介词from，也可用表示“野兽的攻击”，应用介词of，同时也可用by表示“被野兽攻击”，故填from/of/by。【正确答案】14．Surrounding15．dynasties16．havebeenimproved【分析】本文是一篇说明文。胡同是北京一条典型的古城街道。本文主要介绍了胡同的历史。14．考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫周围有许多元、明、清时期修建的胡同。句子中有谓语werebuilt，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，动词surround和主语hutongs是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Surrounding。15．考查名词的数。句意：故宫周围有许多元、明、清时期修建的胡同。此处应用名词dynasty作宾语，此处指的是元、明、清这几个朝代，应用复数，故填dynasties。16．考查时态和语态。句意：1949年新中国成立以来，胡同条件得到改善。由SincethefoundingofthenewChinain1949可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语和动词improve是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词应用have，故填havebeenimproved。【正确答案】17．arguably18．with19．intention20．whose【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国一些演员参演了莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》。17．考查副词。句意：在为中国剧院增光添彩的莎士比亚所有作品中，《哈姆雷特》无疑是中国观众中最著名的。此处应用副词arguably作状语，修饰形容词famous，故填arguably。18．考查介词。句意：中国资深演员胡军、濮存希和吕方将担任主演，还有苗驰、李世龙和井溪等年轻演员。alongwith固定搭配，意为“和，一起”，故填with。19．考查名词。句意：“当我们开始改编莎士比亚的戏剧时，我们不断地提出问题——各种各样的问题可以帮助我们理解剧这一作家的意图，”同样在北京人民艺术剧院工作的李六乙说，他的作品涵盖了中国传统戏曲、前卫戏剧、西方歌剧和芭蕾舞。此处应用名词intention作宾语，表示这个剧作家的意图，为单数意义，故填intention。20．考查定语从句。句意：“当我们开始改编莎士比亚的戏剧时，我们不断地提出问题——各种各样的问题可以帮助我们理解剧这一作家的意图，”同样在北京人民艺术剧院工作的李六乙说，他的作品涵盖了中国传统戏曲、前卫戏剧、西方歌剧和芭蕾舞。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词LiLiuyi，指人，且关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose引导，故填whose。【正确答案】21．potential22．dominating23．geton24．werewipedout25．aretoblame26．involving27．convince28．applythemselvesto29．committed30．havepoured21．考查名词。句意：我觉得我在目前的工作中没有充分发挥潜力。此处应用名词作宾语，表示“潜能”为名词potential，不可数，故填potential。22．考查动词。句意：尽管占据了比赛的主导地位，但曼联未能进球，最终以2-0落败。此处表示“在……中占首要地位”为动词dominate，作介词despite的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填dominating。23．考查动词短语。句意：如果你想成功，你就必须努力工作。此处表示“成功，过上好日子”应用固定搭配getoninlife，由不定式to可知，动词get应用原形，故填geton。24．考查时态和语态。句意：整个村庄都被洪水冲毁了，这让在场的所有人都感到震惊。此处表示“彻底摧毁”，为动词短语wipeout，和主语villages是被动关系，且表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were，故填werewipedout。25．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：最近的一篇评论文章表明，孩子失控，责任在父母。此处表示“某人应该受到责备”为固定搭配sb.betoblame，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，此处是强调句，即itbe+强调内容+who/that+其他，此处强调主语parents，be动词应用are，故填aretoblame。26．考查动词。句意：医疗中心正在进行一项针对长跑运动员的研究。此处表示“包含，涉及”应用动词involve，句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，study和动词involve是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填involving。27．考查动词。句意：试图说服她不需要减肥是没有用的。此处表示“说服”为动词convince，由不定式to可知，用动词原形，故填convince。28．考查动词短语。句意：青年人要立足当前，着眼未来。此处表示“专心于；致力于”应用动词短语applyoneselfto，由情态动词must可知，动词apply应用原形，主语是people，反身代词应用themselve。故填applythemselveto。29．考查动词。句意：他致力于制作一张新专辑作为送给父亲的礼物。此处表示“致力于做某事”为动词短语commitoneselftodoingsth.，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填committed。30．考查动词。句意：地震发生以来，全国各地纷纷伸出援助之手。此处表示“涌入”为短语pourin，由sincetheearthquakestruck可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填havepoured。【正确答案】31．A32．C33．D【分析】本文是一封邀请信，从介绍Sima的性质、目的、入会的一些活动，到最后发出邀请函。31．推理理解题。从第二段Sigma’spurpose可知答案为A.32．细节理解题。由第二段第二句话可知答案为C.33．体裁判断题。从文章的最后两段可知，本文是一封邀请函。【正确答案】34．C35．B36．D37．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴菲特的书LifeIsWhatYouMakeIt里所蕴含的价值观。34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“InLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt,Buffettdescribesthestrongsetofvaluesgiventohimbyhistrustingandbroadmindedmother(在《人生由你创造》一书中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸宽广的母亲赋予他的一套强有力的价值观)”可知，彼得·巴菲特最看重他母亲心胸宽广这一品质，故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Inclearandbriefterms,Buffettexplainsagreattruth:Lifecannotbepredictedanddoesn’thaveasecondchance,neitherfairnorunfair.Weseethatourjourneyinlifeseldomfollowsastraightlinebutisoftenmetwithfalsestarts,difficulties,andmistakes.Howwepushthroughanddon’tgiveupatthesechallengingmomentsiswherewebegintocreatethelifeofourdreams—fromdiscoveringourcareerstogivingbacktoothers.(巴菲特用简洁明了的语言阐述了一个伟大的真理：人生无法预测，也没有第二次机会，既不公平也不。我们发现，我们的人生旅程很少是一帆风顺的，而是常常会遇到错误的开始、困难和错误。我们如何在这些充满挑战的时刻坚持下去并且不放弃，是我们开始创造梦想生活的地方——从发现我们的职业到回馈他人)”可知，第五段的主要介绍了生活是起起伏伏的，故选B。36．细节理解题。根据第四段“Today’ssociety,Buffettbelieves,haschangedalot.Peoplebegintoenjoywhattheydo,withawealthethic(财富伦理),honorthepayoffinsteadoftheprocess.Yet,byfocusinglessonreward,wecanopendoorsofopportunityandworkhardtowardagreatersenseofsatisfaction.(巴菲特认为，当今社会已经发生了很大变化。人们开始享受他们所做的事情，带着财富伦理，尊重回报而不是过程。然而，通过减少对奖励的关注，我们可以打开机会之门，并努力获得更大的满足感。)”可知，巴菲特认为当今社会人们更加关注结果而非过程，他建议减少对奖励的关注，即减少对结果的关注转而更加注重过程，这样才会打开机会之门，由此可知，巴菲特并没有认为社会在变得更好，相反他认为社会变得更坏，故选D。37．推理判断题。根据第三段“InLifeIsWhatYouMakeIt,Buffettdescribesthestrongsetofvaluesgiventohimbyhistrustingandbroadmindedmother,hishardworkingandtalentedfather,andthemanylifeteachershehasmetalongtheway.(在《人生由你创造》一书中，巴菲特描述了他信任且心胸宽广的母亲、勤奋而才华横溢的父亲以及他一路走来遇到的许多人生导师赋予他的强大价值观)”和最后一段“Personalandinstructive,LifeIsWhatYouMakeItisaboutchallengingyourcondition,takingcontrolofyourownlifeandlivingittothefullest.(个性化且具有启发性的《生活由你创造》讲述的是挑战自己的状况、掌控自己的生活并充分享受生活)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴菲特的书LifeIsWhatYouMakeIt里所蕴含的价值观，由此可推知，文章的目的是介绍一本书，故选A。【正确答案】38．B39．D40．C41．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。38．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三行“Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch”可知，透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。39．词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。故选D。40．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Tobecometranrent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.”可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收。故选C。41．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Largertranrentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.”可知，体型较大的透明动物面临的挑战最大，因为它们必须让体内所有不同的组织减缓光线的速度，就像减缓水的速度一样。由此判断出，他在最后一段告诉我们，更大的透明动物会采取有效的行动来减少光的扩散。故选D。【正确答案】42．D43．B44．C45．A【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者主要讲述了对时尚设计和服装设计的不同看法，强调了时尚设计应该关注人性和精神世界，作者认为关注人的需求是时装设计的基础。42．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ittookmemorethan10yearstorealizethattheworldhasnoshortageoffashion(时尚)designerswhohavetheabilitytomaketrendyandelegantgarments,butthatitisbadlyinneedof,simply,clothesdesigners.(我用了十多年的时间才意识到，世界上并不缺少有能力制作出新潮、优雅服装的时尚设计师，但最需要的，只是服装设计师。)”可知，作者认为大部分时装设计师是时髦的，故选D。43．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Ibelievethegreatestworksofartcantouchthedeepestandstrongestpartsofhumanfeelingsandtheworldofthespirit,andonlytheseworkscanbethememoriesofhistory,preservingthemostvaluablefeelingsthathaveeverexisted,andinspiringagreaterawarenessofourselves.(我相信最伟大的艺术作品能够触及人类情感最深、最强烈的部分和精神世界，也只有这些作品才能成为历史的记忆，保留曾经存在过的最有价值的情感，并激发更多的认识。我们自己