主旨大意题（分层练）原卷版-2024年高考英语二轮复习（新高考专用）

专题验收评价

专题10主旨大意题

内容概览

A•常考题不丢分

【命题点01标题归纳题】

【命题点02文章大意题】

【命题点03段落大意题】

【微专题主旨大意题易错陷阱】

B•拓展培优拿高分

C-挑战真题争满分

A♦常考题不丢分、

JC命题点则L.标题归纳题JL

1.12023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】

Intheanimalkingdom,mimics（模仿）arenotrare.Stickinsectspretendtobetwigs.Hawkmothcaterpillars

resemblepoisonoussnakes.Theexamples,though,arevisual.Auditorymimicryisrarer.DaniloRussoofthe

UniversityofNaplesFedericoIIthinkshehasfoundanovelcaseofit,ashedescribesinCurrentBiology.Some

bats,hebelieves,mimicangrybeesinordertoscareawayowlsthatmightotherwiseeatthem.

Dr.Russofirstnoticedbatbuzzingafewyearsago.Thenoisestruckhimassimilartothesoundofsomebees.

Hewonderedwhetherbatbuzzingwasaformofmimicrywhichhelpedtoscareoffwould-bepredators.

Totestthisidea,heandhiscolleaguesfirstrecordedthebuzzingthatcapturedbatsmade.Then,with

protectiveclothing,theybeganthemoredangeroustaskofrecordingthebuzzingmadebydifferentbees.Computer

analysisrevealedthatbees'andbats'buzzingwere,indeed,similar.

Thentheresearchersrecruitedseveralowls.Theyputtheowls,oneatatime,inanenclosurewithbranchesfor

themtostayon,andtwoboxeswithholesinthem.Theyplacedaloudspeakeralongsideoneoftheboxesand,after

thebirdshadsettledin,broadcastthroughitfivesecondsofuninterruptedbatbuzzingandasimilaramountof

insectbuzzingthreetimesinarowforeachnoise.Asacontrol,theybroadcastinlikemannerseveralnon-buzzing

soundsmadebybats.

Duringthebroadcastsandforfiveminutesthereafter,theyvideoedtheowls.Afteranalysis,theresultswere

unequivocal.Whentheyheardboththebatbuzzingandthebeebuzzing,theowlsmovedasfarfromthespeakers

astheycould.Incontrast,whenthenon-buzzingbatsoundswereplayed,theycreptcloser.

Dr.Russobelievesthisisthefirstreportedcaseofamammalusingauditorymimicrytoscareawayapredator.

Theystronglysuspect,however,thatitisnotunique.Anecdotessuggestseveralbirdsalsomakebuzzingnoises

whentheirnestsaredisturbed.Andwiththeresultoftheexperiment,hethereforepredictsthatauditorymimicryis

farmorewidespreadthancurrentlyrealized.

35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ANewTricktoScareAwayOwlsB.AnimalMimicry:Buzzoff

C.ASelf-protectionBehavioramongAnimalsD.Bats:NoMoreVictimtoOwls

2.【山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测】

Perhapsyouthinkyoucouldeasilyaddtoyourhappinesswithmoremoney.Strangeasitmayseem,ifyou're

unsatisfied,theissueisnotalackofmeanstomeetyourdesiresbutalackofdesires-notthatyoucannotsatisfy

yourtastesbutthatyoudon'thaveenoughtastes.

Realrichesconsistofwell-developedandheartycapacities（能力）toenjoylife.Mostpeoplearealready

swamped（淹没）withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.Theyliveintoobigahousewithtoomany

rooms,yettheirhouseoflifeisahut.

Yourhouseoflifeoughttobeamansion（豪宅）,aroyalpalace.Everynewtaste,everyadditionalinterest,every

freshenthusiasmaddsaroom.Hereareseveralroomsyourhouseoflifeshouldhave.

Artshouldbeadesireforyoutodevelopsimplybecausetheworldisfullofbeautifulthings.Ifyouonly

understoodhowtoenjoythemandfeedyourspiritonthem,theywouldmakeyouashappyastofindplentyof

hamburgersandeggswhenyou'rehungry.

Literature,classicliterature,isabeautiful,richlyfurnishedroomwhereyoumightfindmanyanhourofrestand

refreshment.Togainthatlovewouldgotowardmakingyouarichperson,forarichpersonisnotsomeonewhohas

alibrarybutwholikesalibrary.

MusiclikeMozart'sandBach'sshouldn'tbeabsent.Realrichesareofthespirit.Andwhenyou'vebroughtthat

spirituptowhereclassicalmusicfeedsitandmakesyoualittledrunk,youhaveincreasedyourthrillsandbettered

them.Andlifeisamatterofthrills.

Sports,withoutwhichyouremainpoor,meanalotinlife.Nomatterwhoyouare,youwouldbemorehuman,

andyourhouseoflifewouldbebettersupportedagainstthebaddays,ifyoucould,anddid,playedabit.

Whateverroomsyoumightaddtoyourhouseoflife,thesecretofenjoyinglifeistokeepadding.

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HouseofLifeB.SecretofWealth

C.RestandRefreshmentD.InterestandEnthusiasm

3.【安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考】

Well,topickupwhereweleftofflasttime.I'mcertainthatyouknowalltoowellthedangershidingonthe

WorldWideWeb.Andwhetherifsforschoolwork,entertainment,orjustsocializingwithfriends,theInternetwill

surelybeamajorpartofyourchild'slife.So,it'simportanttosecuretheironlinestays.

It'snottheeasiestthing,butkeepingopenlinesofcommunicationisprimary.Letthemknowtheycanshare

theironlineactivitieswithyou.Talktothemabouttheironlinepresenceasearlyaspossible,ideallybeforethey

begintouseemail,socialmedia,orasmartphone.Discusswhattheyfindinterestingonlineandlearningfromthem

aboutpopularwebsitesandapps;thiswillcreateunderstandingandallowyoutoidentifypotentialrisks.

Next,monitorwithoutspying.Mostkidslearntounderstandboundaries,likerespectingothers'personalspace,

ornotopeningthecookiejarwithoutasking.Internetuseisnodifferent.It'shelpfulforkidstohavegroundrules

astowhichwebsitestheycanvisit,whichappstheycanuse,andwhattheycanshareonline.Remindthemthatif

theyfeeluneasywithanythingthatoccursonline,theyneedtoalertanadultimmediately.

Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhatIsHiddenontheNet?B.HowtoMakeOnlineStays?

C.BeaSmarterInternetUserD.KeepYourKidsSafeOnline

4.【福建省泉州科技中学2023年高三试题】

Stuckinsidehisroomatanassistedlivingcenter,BobColemanknewhecouldnotgooutinpublicwiththe

epidemic（疫）.Buthewasnotcutofffromoutside:hesharedhisloveforcountrymusicovertheInternet."Hello,

everybody.IfsabrightdayinTennessee,9,hesaidintohismicrophone.t6ThisisBobColeman,comingtoyoufrom

Room3325…ThenColemanbegantoplaythemusicheloves-hitsfromcountrymusicstars.The88-year-old

carefullychooseseachsong.

ColemanandseveralotherretireeshaveturnedintoDJs（流行音乐播音员），foranewonlineradiohour

knownas“RadioRecliner.AmarketingcompanycalledLuckiecameupwiththeideaofRadioRecliner.Listeners

cansendsongrequestsinhonoroffamilyorfriends.Forexample,listenersmighthearamessagelikethis:46Hey,

Granny.ThisisyourfavoritegranddaughterAmy.Wejustwantedtocallinandsayweloveyou.^^The60-minute

showstartedwithretireesinmiddleTennessee.Ithassinceexpanded,withresidentsofassisted-livingcentersin

otherstatestakingpartintheproject.ManyjumpedatthechancetoworkasaDJtoeasethelonelinessofsocial

distancingrules.

MitchBennettservesasLuckie,schiefcreativeofficer.Hesaystheideawastoprovideasenseofcommunity

toolderpeople."Forthisgeneration,radiowastheoriginalsocialmedia,"Bennettsaid,"'Dedicatingasongto

someoneyouloveandhavingthemhearitalongwitheveryoneelseisaspecialwayofconnecting.

InGeorgia,80-year-oldEdRosenblatt,whohadmadefullpreparationsforhisshow,saidanhourhespent

playingsongsonRadioReclinerresultedinafloodoftextmessages,emailsandcallsfromfamilyandfriends,and

manyofthemessageswerefrompeoplehehadnotheardfromforyears.

Whafsthebesttitleforthetext?

A.OlderAdultsNeedMoreCareDuringtheEpidemic

B.OlderAdults,StuckbytheEpidemic,TurnIntoDJs

C.OlderAdultsWereBusyWithMusicDuringtheEpidemic

D.OlderAdults,StuckbytheEpidemic,ShowMusicTalents

JL的题点文章大意题JL

i.【陕西省渭南市高三教学质量检测一模】

Theearliesttomatoeswerelittlesourberries.Theygrewamonglowbushesindry,sunnyplacesintheAndes

MountainsinSouthAmerica.Itwasabout350millionyearsago.

Tomatoplantsarerelativetonightshade（茄属植物），whichhaspoison.Theleavesandstemsoftomatoplants

havepoison,buttheberriesaregoodtoeat.Theberriesareredsothatanimalscanfindthemeasilyandeatthem.

Theanimalscarrytheseedstootherplaces.Thatwashowearliesttomatoplantsfoundnewplacestogrow.

Tomatoesarealsorelativetotobacco,chilipeppersandpotatoes.

WhenpeoplefirstcametoSouthAmericaabout20,000yearsago,theyatethesetinywildtomatoes.Travelers

broughtafewkindsofwildtomatoplantsfromtheAndestoCentralAmerica,theretheancestorsoftheMaya

begantofarmthem.Nobodyknowsexactlywhenpeoplebeganfarmingtomatoes,butitprobablywasmuchlater

thancomandbeans,anditwassurelybefore500BC.TheseCentralAmericanfannersbredtomatoestobebigger

andsweeterthanthewildones.

BythetimeSpanishexplorersgottoTenochtitlaninMexicoin1521AD,theAztecpeopleereeatingalotof

tomatoes,madeasauceofchopped（朵！J碎的）tomatoes,onions,saltandchilipeppersthatwasalotlikeoursalsa.

Theword“tomato“comesfromtheirNahuatlword“tomato”.

Becausetomatoesweren'tfarmeduntilprettylate,farmersfurthernorthhadnotyetbeenabletoadaptheir

growingseasontoworkinginNorthAmerica.Eventoday,it'sprettyhardtogetyourtomatoesripeinthenorthern

partsofNorthAmericabeforethegrowingseasonends.

15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howtogrowtomatoes.

B.Thehistoryoftomatoes.

C.Whentogrowtomatoes.

D.Theplaceswheretomatoesgrow.

2.【吉林省长春市重点高中高三下学期第三次模拟】

Oneofthegreatestchallengesincaringforsuchintelligentanimalsaschimpanzees（猩猩）isprovidingthem

withenrichingexperiences.Everyday,thechimpanzeesatProjectChimpsreceivemorningandeveningfood-based

enrichmentdevices,butcaregiversarealwayslookingformorewaystokeepthechimpsmentallyengaged.With

79chimpanzees,eachwiththeirdistinctivepersonality,carestaffoftenfindthatdifferentchimpsreactdifferently

tonewenrichment.

Lastyear,webeganinvitingmusicianstoperformforchimpstoseewhattheymayrespond.Aviolin

performancereceivedquitetheresponse.Additionalmusicianswerelineduptovisitbutthecoronavirushas

stoppedtheactivities,whichwehopetoresumeinthenearfuture.

Thispastweek,webroughtanelectricpianoforthechimpstoinvestigate.Somechimps,liketwinsButtercup

andClarisse,wereimmediatelyinterestedandcouldnotwaittotapoutafewnotes.Others,likeEmma,weremore

interestedintryingtotakeitapart.

29-year-oldPrecioushasverylittletoleranceforthepiano.Shesatofftothesideforafewminutes,but

eventuallyshedecidedthatwasenough.Shecalledanendtotheenrichmentsessionbythrowingahandfulof

wasteatthepiano.Receivinghermessageloudandclear,weremovedthepiano.

Wecouldneverhaveguessedhow33-year-oldLukewouldreacttoit.Aswithmanyretiredlabchimpanzees,

Lukehassomeanxietyissues.Heseemsparticularlydistrustfulofanythingnew,includingpeople,food,and

enrichment.Butwhenwepresentedthechimpswiththepiano,Lukewasthefirsttoinvestigate.Wecouldnot

believeoureyes-thisusuallyanxiouschimpanzeebravelychosetoexploresomethingnew!

TousatProjectChimps,thisiswhatitisallabout:givingchimpanzeesthefreedomtochoose.Weare

honoredtobepartoftheirjourney.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howcaregiverscarefortheretiredchimpanzees.

B.Whatcarestaffdotoenrichchimpanzees5dailylife.

C.Howchimpanzeesaretrainedthroughvariousenrichment.

D.WhatProjectChimpsdoestoobserveandstudywildchimps.

3.【福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题】

AtrialprojectbytheMontrealChildren'sHospitalsuggestedthattheuseofmedicalhypnosis（催目民）can

reducepainandanxietyinpatients.Theprojectalsoresultedinareductionintheamountofmedicinesusedto

performmedical-imagingimaging（医学影像）procedures.

“Duringtheexaminationchildrendon'tmove.Itworksperfectly.Ifsamazing,saidJohanneUEcuyer,a

medical-imagingtechnologistatthehospital.

TheprojectwasinspiredbyaFrenchteamfromRouenUniversityHospitalCentrewhereexaminationsare

doneunderhypnosisinsteadofgeneralanesthesia（麻醉）.

AFrenchmedical-imagingtechnologist-alsoahypnotist-wasinvitedtotrainafewmembersinthe

medical-imagingdepartmentofthechildren'shospital.Inall,80examinationswereconductedfortheproject

betweenJanuaryandSeptember,2019,focusingontheimagingproceduresthatwouldcauseanxiety.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Aneasywaytocommunicatewithpatients.

B.Thestandardmethodofconductinghypnosis.

C.Anintroductionofmedical-imagingtechnology.

D.Theuseofhypnosisinmedical-imagingprocedures.

4.12023年全国高三专练】

Inpreviousrecessions（经济衰退），billionaireswerehitalongwiththerestofus;ittookalmostthreeyearsfor

Forbes's400richestpeopletorecoverfromlossescausedin2008'sGreatRecession.Butinthecoronavirus

recessionof2020,mostbillionaireshavegottenricherthaneverbefore.

BillionairesincreasedtheirnewbillionsjustasmillionsofotherAmericansranintoterriblefinancialproblems.

Morethan20millionpeoplelosttheirjobsatthestartofthepandemic.Foodbanksacrossthecountryare

preparingforanothergreatincreaseindemand.WhyareAmericanbillionairesdoingsowellwhilesomanyother

Americanssuffer?Peoplemayfindpartofthereasonsfromthefollowingfact.Stocks（股票）areoverwhelmingly

ownedbythewealthy,andthestockmarkethasrecoveredfromitsearly-pandemicdepthsmuchmorequicklythan

otherpartsoftheeconomy.

Whatdoestheauthormainlytellusinthepassage?

A.FoodbanksarenotenoughintheUnitedStates.

B.Therichestkeptgettingrichereveninthepandemic.

C.Thestockmarketrecoveredbeforethepandemicstarted.

D.400richestpeoplerecoveredfromlossesinthepandemic.

题点史…段落大意题1

1.【广东省珠海市第三中学2023年高三试题】

Inmytwenties,whenIwasalmostconstantlyinastateofanxiety,Ineverwentonholiday.Iwasscaredof

flying,scaredofmybossnoticinghowmuchnicerlifewaswithoutmeintheoffice.Ithoughtnotgoingonholiday

mademeaharderworker,whenactuallyitjustmademeamoretiredone.Then,abosspulledmeasidetotellme

thathewasn'tgoingtothankmefornottakingmyholidays.Ithenbookedacheapbeachholidaywithafriend,and

wasgenuinelyamazedtofindIfeltmuchbetterforit.

Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thebenefittheauthorobtainedfromtravelling.

B.Thesourceoftheauthor'sstressduringofficehours.

C.Thechangeoftheauthor'sattitudetotakingholidays.

D.Thereasonwhytheauthortriedtobeaharderworker.

2.【重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高考适应性试题】

TheYurokpeoplehavelivedalongtheKlamathRiver,whichflowsfromtheCascadesinOregonsouthwest

throughNorthernCalifornia,forthousandsofyears,protectingtheregionandriverfromwhichthey-andothers

一drawsustenance（生计）.

Butasdevelopmentandpollutioncontinuetoreducethenumberoffishintheriverandthequantityand

qualityofitswaters,theYurokTribeislegalizing（合法化）thetribe9slongstandingcarebygrantingtheRightsof

PersonhoodtotheKlamath,thefirstriverinNorthAmericatohavesuchrightsdeclared.

Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theprocessoflegalization.B.ThetraditionofYuroktribe.

C.Thereasonbehindthelegalization.D.TheimportanceoftheKlamathRiver.

3.1江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三10月大联考】

Theterm"beergoggles“issaidtohavebeencoinedbymaleNorthAmericanuniversitystudentsinthe1980s.

Yetdespiteunconfirmedevidenceforthephenomenon,thelinkbetweenalcoholintoxication（醉酒）andphysical

attractionhasnotbeensystematicallystudied.

ProfBowdringoftheUniversityofPittsburghinvited18pairsofmalefriendsintothelaboratorytoratethe

attractivenessofmenandwomentheyviewedinphotosandvideos.Ononeoccasion,bothmenweregivenenough

cranberryjuicetoraisetheirbloodalcoholconcentrationtoabout0.08%-thelegallimitfordrivinginEngland一

andontheotheroccasion,theybothreceivedanon-alcoholicdrink.Afterprovidingattractivenessratingsforthe

photos,theywereaskedtoselectwhichoftheseindividualstheywouldmostliketointeractwithinafuture

experiment.

Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thecomparisonoftwoexperiments.

B.TheprocessofBowdring'sexperiment.

C.Theunderlyinglogicofbeergoggleseffect.

D.Themethodsofappreciatingattractiveness.

，微专题、主旨大意题易错陷阱1.

L【2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考】

Intheanimalkingdom,mimics（模仿）arenotrare.Stickinsectspretendtobetwigs.Hawkmothcaterpillars

resemblepoisonoussnakes.Theexamples,though,arevisual.Auditorymimicryisrarer.DaniloRussoofthe

UniversityofNaplesFedericoIIthinkshehasfoundanovelcaseofit,ashedescribesinCurrentBiology.Some

bats,hebelieves,mimicangrybeesinordertoscareawayowlsthatmightotherwiseeatthem.

Dr.Russofirstnoticedbatbuzzingafewyearsago.Thenoisestruckhimassimilartothesoundofsomebees.

Hewonderedwhetherbatbuzzingwasaformofmimicrywhichhelpedtoscareoffwould-bepredators.

Totestthisidea,heandhiscolleaguesfirstrecordedthebuzzingthatcapturedbatsmade.Then,with

protectiveclothing,theybeganthemoredangeroustaskofrecordingthebuzzingmadebydifferentbees.Computer

analysisrevealedthatbees'andbats'buzzingwere,indeed,similar.

Thentheresearchersrecruitedseveralowls.Theyputtheowls,oneatatime,inanenclosurewithbranchesfor

themtostayon,andtwoboxeswithholesinthem.Theyplacedaloudspeakeralongsideoneoftheboxesand,after

thebirdshadsettledin,broadcastthroughitfivesecondsofuninterruptedbatbuzzingandasimilaramountof

insectbuzzingthreetimesinarowforeachnoise.Asacontrol,theybroadcastinlikemannerseveralnon-buzzing

soundsmadebybats.

Duringthebroadcastsandforfiveminutesthereafter,theyvideoedtheowls.Afteranalysis,theresultswere

unequivocal.Whentheyheardboththebatbuzzingandthebeebuzzing,theowlsmovedasfarfromthespeakers

astheycould.Incontrast,whenthenon-buzzingbatsoundswereplayed,theycreptcloser.

Dr.Russobelievesthisisthefirstreportedcaseofamammalusingauditorymimicrytoscareawayapredator.

Theystronglysuspect,however,thatitisnotunique.Anecdotessuggestseveralbirdsalsomakebuzzingnoises

whentheirnestsaredisturbed.Andwiththeresultoftheexperiment,hethereforepredictsthatauditorymimicryis

farmorewidespreadthancurrentlyrealized.

35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ANewTricktoScareAwayOwlsB.AnimalMimicry:Buzzoff

C.ASelf-protectionBehavioramongAnimalsD.Bats:NoMoreVictimtoOwls

2.[2023届福建省福州市普通高中毕业班5月质量检测】

Feelingahugfromeachotherviatheinternetmaybeapossibilityinthenearfuture.Aresearchteamledby

CityUniversityofHongKongrecentlydevelopedawireless,softe-skinthatcanbothdetectanddeliverthesense

oftouch,andformatouchnetworkallowingone-to-multiuserinteraction.Itoffersgreatpotentialforimprovingthe

distancetouchcommunication.

Whiletherearenumerousdevicesinthemarkettosimulate（模拟）thesenseoftouchinthevirtualworld,they

provideonlytouchsensingortouchresponse.Theuniquenessofthenovele-skinisthatitcanperformself-sensing

andtouchreproducingfunctionsonthesameinterface.

Thee-skinisa7cmxl0cm,4.2mm-thickdevicecontaining16flexibleactuators（马区动器）,amicrocontroller

unit,aBluetoothmodule,andotherelectronicsonaflexiblecircuitboard.Theactuatorservesasthecorepartof

thee-skin.Oncetheactuatorispressedandreleasedbyaforce,acurrentisproducedtoprovideelectricalsignals

thatareturnedintodigitalsignalsbyaconverter（转换器）andthensenttoanothere-skinviaBluetooth.Whenthe

signalsarereceived,acurrentiscausedtoreproducethetouchresponseonthereceiver'se-skinthrough

mechanicalvibration（振动）.Theprocesscanbereversedtodelivervibrationsfromthereceiver'se-skintothe

correspondingactuatorofthesender's.

Thee-skincancommunicatewithBluetoothdevicesandsenddatathroughtheinternetwithsmartphonesand

computerstoperformlong-distancetouch,andtoformatouchInternetofThings（loT）system,whereone-to-one

andone-to-multipletouchdeliverycouldberealized.Friendsandfamilyindifferentplacescoulduseitto"ffeel”

eachother.Thisformoftouchovercomesthelimitationsofspaceandgreatlyreducesthesenseofdistancein

humancommunication.

Next,theresearchteamwillfocusonpracticalapplicationsforpeoplewithvisualdisability,whocouldwear

thee-skintogainremotedirectionalguidanceandreadBraillemessages.

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Asignal-sendingapplication

B.Aninventionforthedisabled

C.Adeviceforvirtualinteraction

D.Alongdistancecommunication

3.12023届广东省部分学校高三5月联合考试模拟预测】

Asthecostsoffuel,groceriesandhousingincreasesuddenlyaroundtheworld,scientistsarefightinginflation

（通货膨胀）atthebench.Almostallitemsneededtoconductsciencearemoreexpensivethantheywerejustayear

ago.Andthatmeansthatnearlyeveryresearcherisfeelingthepressure."Nobodyisimmunetothiseconomy,9,says

TolaOlorunnisola,wholeadsinnovationinthelabatAvantor,aninternationalscience-managementcompanyin

Pennsylvania.OlorunnisolavisitedlabsintheNetherlands,SwitzerlandandIrelandtohelpresearchersfindwaysto

enlargetheirbudgets."Scientistsarebecomingmoreconsciousofcosts,“shesays.

Theincreaseinlabcostshasforcedscientiststomakesomedifficultchoices.Scientificbudgetsarepretty

fixed.Iftheypaydoublefbrsomething,itmeansthey'renotbuyingsomethingelse.Scientistscankeeptheir

researchprojectsmovingforward,buttoavoidoverspendingontheirbudgets,they'llprobablyneedtoadjusttheir

buyinghabitsandtakestepstomaketheirlabsmoreefficient.

JulienSage,acancerresearcherandgeneticistatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,estimatesthatlabsupplies

historicallyaccountforroughly20%ofhisoverallbudget,buthesaysthatthebalanceisshifting.

Withoutsignificantboostsinfundingtokeeppacewithinflation,it'suptoscientiststofindcreativewaysto

diminishcosts.Oneoptionistorethinkexperimentaldesign.

“Itwillprobablytakemorethandiscountsfromlab-supplycompaniestotrulyprotectscientistsfromthe

impactofrisingprices,9,Sagesays."Unlesssomethingisdoneonalargescaletoeitherstabilizecostsorincrease

funding,scienceislikelytosuffer.Ifyouhavelessmoney,you'regoingtohavefewerpeopleorbelessproductive,

whichmeansyou'regoingtohavefewergrants（拨款）whichmeansyou'regoingtohavefewerpeople.Thafs

probablyhappeningtoalotoflabsthesedays,andthequestionis:Whenisitgoingtostop?”

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thecauseofincreasinglabcosts.B.Theeffectsoftherisinglabcosts.

C.Thetoughchoicesofresearchers.D.Thewaysofmakinglabsefficient.

4.[2023届广东省部分学校高三5月联合考试模拟预测】

BominFrance,butraisedinSpain,linguisticsandliteratureprofessorJuanJoseCiruelaAlferezfromthe

UniversityofGranadaispassionateaboutChineseliteratureandhasbeendoingsomeresearchaboutit.With

painstakingeffort,hisSpanishtranslationofaChineseclassicwaspublishedlastyear.

Ciruelasaidtranslatingthenovelwasaninterestingchallenge.Inrecentyears,manyChineseworkshavebeen

introducedtoSpain.However,asmostofthemhadbeentranslatedfirstintoEnglishandthenfromthatlanguage

intoSpanish,muchoftheoriginalitywaslost.Forthisreason,whentheSpanishpublishinghouseKailascontacted

CiruelatotranslateitdirectlyfromChinese,heacceptedthemissionimmediately,evenifitpresenteddifficulties

likeaheavyworkloadwithinashorttimelimit.

“Iencounteredvariousdifficulties,especiallyatthebeginningofthetask,“saidCiruelainaninterview."This

novel,inparticular,needsapriorreadingprocessinwhichthetranslatorgetsintotheplotandthecharacters,since

atfirstitisdifficulttoentertheworldthatthenovelconstantlyraises.SoIreadthenovelfirstinChinese,paying

attentiontoallthosedetailsandhowallofthatcouldbetranslatedinawaythattheSpanishreaderswould

understand.

ForCiruela,themostimportantcriterionwhentranslatingisfidelity（忠诚）totheoriginaltext.Whileitistrue

thatonecannotalwaysbestrictlyfaithful,hebelievestranslatorsshouldnotbetoofarfromoriginaltexts.For

example,thetranslationofculturemes（expressionsofcultureinlanguage）isquitecomplicatedduetothecultural

gapbetweenSpanishandChinese.Ciruelabelievesthatthesemustalwaysbeappropriatetothespecificfunction

theyperformwithinthetext,ineachspecificcaseandmoment.

6.Whataspectofthetranslationtaskdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Itsbarrier.B.Itsprinciple.C.Itsstyle.D.Itsmeaning.

B•拓展培优拿高分、

（2023上•湖北•高三湖北省天门中学校联考期中）

WithnewadvancesinAIandautonomousdriverlesscarsandtrains,itmakessensethatthismodeof

transportationcouldbeexpandedtobusestoo.Nowafull-sizedautonomousbusserviceisupandrunningin

Scotland.ThebusesbeganrunninginMay,2023andarecarryingpassengersbetweenFerrytollParkandthe

EdinburghParktrainandtramexchange.This14-milerouteisthefirstofitskindintheUK.

Theautonomousbusesarebeingop