浙京津鲁琼专版2025版高考英语大二轮复习专题二阅读理解第二节推理判断题二观点态度题学案新人教版

PAGEPAGE1二、观点看法题(2024·北京，C)Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.Bynextyear，halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams(欺诈)．Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools，appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”(解决方案)becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture，it’snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou’rehearingisactuallyreal.That’sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation(处理)andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear’sI/OConference，acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman­soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches(数据侵入)ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother’sname，andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge，they’reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans，forexample，thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller’s，trickingyouinto“confirming”youraddress，mother’sname，andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney，socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages，showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby，orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata­basedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp，whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose，andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.eq\x(语篇解读随着科技的发展，诈骗手段越来越多样，骚扰电话给人们带来了危害。)38．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstotheproblemofrobocalls?A．Panicked. B．Confused.C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed.答案D解析推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese‘solutions’(解决方案)becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知这些措施太少，也太晚，等到这些“解决方案”被广泛运用时，不法分子就会转向更聪慧的手段。由此可推知，作者对骚扰电话问题的解决方案感到很悲观，故D项正确。39．Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies，scammerscan.A．aimatvictimsprecisely B．damagedatabaseseasilyC．startcampaignsrapidly D．spreadinformationwidely答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段的其次句“Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.”可知，骚扰电话让人头疼的缘由是它能精确地获得受害人的信息，故A项正确。40．Whatdoesthepassageimply?A．Honestyisthebestpolicy.B．Technologiescanbedouble­edged.C．Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.D．Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.答案B解析推理推断题。依据其次段可知，新技术可以给人们带来便利，第三段论述了这一技术让不法分子有了可乘之机，由此可知，技术是把双刃剑，故B项正确。41．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRootedB．WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocallsC．WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerousD．HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology答案C解析标题归纳题。通读全文可知，首段介绍了越来越多的人拒接未知号码的电话的现象，接下来着重阐述了这类电话给人们带来危害的缘由，最终给出了解决方案，故C项最适合作本文标题。一、题型解读所谓作者的观点和看法，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事务的看法、感觉或推断。作者的观点和看法一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、指责、怀疑、悲观。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色调往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特殊留意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色调的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的看法、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。设问形式常有：1．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowards...?2．Whatistheauthor’sopinionon...?3．Whatdoestheauthorthink/feelabout...?二、解题技巧——“忠于措辞”定选项1．文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或看法往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，留意文中作者或人物的措辞。(2)留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、看法或观点的词语或句子。(3)结合平常所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景学问来进行合理的推断。(4)关注首段首尾句，推断文章主题，确定作者观点。2．要分清选项中的表示支持或确定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此比照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、看法的词语：(1)表示支持或确定的词语favorable赞同的，有利的；positive主动的，确定的，的确的；supportive支持的；approval赞成，正式批准；reasonable合理的；enthusiastic热忱的等。(2)表示反对或否定的词语critical指责的；negative否定的，消极的；disapproval不赞成；impractical不实际的；radical激进的；prejudiced有成见的，偏颇的等。(3)表示中立、客观的看法objective客观的；neutral中立的；indifferent漠然的例如：【真题感悟】中第38题。依据第一段中的“Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese‘solutions’(解决方案)becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知这些措施太少，也太晚，等到这些“解决方案”被广泛运用时，不法分子就会转向更聪慧的手段。由此可推知，作者对骚扰电话问题的解决方案感到很悲观，故D项正确。A(2024·吉林三模)Forthelastfewmonths,Ihavegivenupwhatwaspreviouslyoneofmyfavoritefoods：beef.Eatinglessredmeatandbehealthier,betterfortheenvironmentand—surprisinglytome—reallyeasytodoso.Sometimesitseemslikemuchofourfoodisstuckinacycleofexcessive(过度的)productionandexcessive1consumption.Meatconsumptiontodaycontributesto4globalwarmingandenvironmentaldegradation(退化)．It’s2estimatedthat14.5%ofglobalman­madegreenhousegasemission(排放)comefromlivestock(家畜)—whichismorethanthecontributionfromallformsoftransport.Beefproduction5makesup41%ofthoseemissions.Lastyear,Brazilreporteda28%increaseinAmazoniandeforestation(森林采伐)—80%ofdeforestedlandinBrazilisthenusedforcattlefarming.Modernbeeffarmingisalsoahugedrain(流干)onwaterresources.Butitispossibletochange.Reducingmeatconsumptionisagrowingtrend,8drivenbyhealthandenvironmentalconsiderations.Aswitchtoa“healthydiet”as6recommendedbyHarvardMedicalSchool—whichstillincludeseatingmeat，fishandeggs—wouldreducegreenhousegasemissionsfromfoodproductionby36%.TheNorwegianmilitaryannounceditisswitchingaone­daytoaone­weekvegetariandietinamoveagainstglobalwarming,whileevenintheUSconsumptionofred­meatisfalling.Andasforyourstruly，Ifeelhealthier，moreactiveandbymakingmydietmorevariedIneverfeellikeIammissingoutonanything.Stoppingeatingbeefhasalsohadaknock­oneffectontherestofmydiet，andIameatingless.Cattleandotherlivestockdon’thavetobeenvironmentallyharmful.Grass­fedcattleneedmuchsmallerresourceinput.Andasithasbeenshown,livestock,ifmanagedproperly,canevenrestoredegradedland.Inthelongerterm,asBillGateshighlighted,thereisalsogreatpotentialforadvanceinfieldslikesynthetic(合成)meat.Andthereareothermoresourcesofefficientprotein;likeinsects！9Butinaworldwheremorepeoplearenowdyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition(养分不良)—whenhundredsofmillionsofpeoplestilldon’thaveenoughtoeat,wecan’tsolvethisproblembysimplycontinuingtomake“conventional”intensivefarmingmoreintensive.1．Whyhastheauthorgivenupeatingbeef?A．Itisbetterforhishealthandglobalwarming.B．Itcanpreventhimfrombeingobesity.C．Itisbetterforbothhealthandenvironment.D．Helikesvegetariandietverymuch.答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句“Eatinglessredmeatandbehealthier,betterfortheenvironmentand—surprisinglytome—reallyeasytodoso.”可知，少吃牛肉对于健康和环境都好。故选C。2．Whatresultdoescattlefarmingleadto?A．Thelossofdeforestation.B．Thegreatlossofwaterresources.C．Thelossofman­madegreenhouse.D．Thelossoflivestock.答案B解析推理推断题。依据其次段最终两句“Lastyear，Brazilreporteda28%increaseinAmazoniandeforestation(森林采伐)—80%ofdeforestedlandinBrazilisthenusedforcattlefarming.Modernbeeffarmingisalsoahugedrain(流干)onwaterresources.”可知，养牛造成大量水资源的流失。故选B。3．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsraisingsomelivestockinanenvironmentalway?A．Negative. B．Doubtful.C．Favorable. D．Protective.答案C解析推理推断题。依据倒数其次段最终三句“Cattleandotherlivestockdon’thavetobeenvironmentallyharmful.Grass­fedcattleneedmuchsmallerresourceinput.Andasithasbeenshown,livestock,ifmanagedproperly,canevenrestoredegradedland.”可知，假如管理得当，畜牧养殖甚至可以复原退化的土地，可见作者是持支持看法的。故选C。4．InBillGates’opinion,wecangetefficientproteinby.A．raisingmoreinsectsB．raisingmorecattleC．developingman­mademeatD．developingintensivefarming答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第一句“Inthelongerterm,asBillGateshighlighted,thereisalsogreatpotentialforadvanceinfieldslikesynthetic(合成)meat.”可知，从长远来看，在合成肉等领域也有很大的发展潜力。故选C。B(2024·广西南宁二模)Anewstudyshowsthatwhenteachersparticipateinatrainingprogramfocusedonprosocial(亲社会的)classroombehavior，theirstudentsarebetterabletocontroltheiremotions，andthatchildrenwhocanregulateemotionsaremorelikelytobeacademicallysuccessful.10Forthestudy，whichappearsinPreventionScience，researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgradetoseeifteacherscouldsupportstudents’emotionalandbehavioralgrowththroughtheIncredibleYearsTeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM)program.Theprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions，alongwithrole­playingandcoaching，tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskillssuchasusingbehavior­specificpraise，buildingpositiverelationshipswithstudents，andconsideringhowtoreducepoorbehavior.Teachersinthetraininggroupincreased3interactionswithstudentsby64percentcomparedwith53percentforteachersinthecontrolgroupwithoutthetraining.“Emotionalregulationistheabilitytorecognizewhatbehavioris7appropriateinthepresentsituation，”saysWendyReinke，professorintheCollegeofEducationattheUniversityofMissouri.“Forexample，astudentmighthavedifficultycontrollingthefeelingofangerifheorshebecomesannoyedwithanotherstudent.Butunderthisprogram，theteacherencouragesthemtomovetoadifferentspotintheclassroom，effectivelyteachingthemthatsometimessteppingawayandtakingabreakisagoodwaytocalmdownandmanagethatfeeling.”Afteroneschoolyearofusingtheprograminclassrooms，studentsimprovedtheirsocialabilityandabilitytoregulatetheiremotions.TheseimprovementsresultedinanincreaseinthetestsforstudentsinIncredibleYearsclassroomsvs.studentsincontrolclassrooms.Andthisclassroommanagementapproachcanhelpreducetheriskofstrugglinglearnersearlyon，whichcouldhelppreventmoreaccumulativesupportthatneedsinachild’sfuture.语篇解读本文是一篇科普文，介绍了一个新的老师培训项目。参加了该项目的老师在教学过程中能更有效地帮助孩子们限制他们的心情。5．WhatdotheteachersdointheIYTCMprogram?A．Learnhowtoidentifypoorbehavior.B．Offertheresearchersadviceonemotionalcontrol.C．Takecareofkidsfromkindergartentothirdgrade.D．Applydifferentwaystolearninghowtomanagekids.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Theprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions，alongwithrole­playingandcoaching，tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskills...”可知答案为D。6．WhatdoWendyReinke’swordssuggestinPara.4?A．Nowitishardforstudentstocontroltheiranger.B．Acalmmannerisaneffectivewaytohandleproblems.C．Fewcanrealizetheirbehaviorisunfitforasituation.D．Theprogramwillshowhowtohandletroublesomekids.答案B解析推理推断题。依据第四段最终一句中的“theteacherencouragesthemtomovetoadifferentspotintheclassroom，effectivelyteachingthemthatsometimessteppingawayandtakingabreakisagoodwaytocalmdownandmanagethatfeeling.”可以推出答案为B。7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetrainingprogram?A．Positive. B．Negative.C．Subjective. D．Indifferent.答案A解析推理推断题。依据全文及第一段中的“...theirstudentsarebetterabletocontroltheiremotions，andthatchildrenwhocanregulateemotionsaremorelikelytobeacademicallysuccessful.”可推知答案为A。8．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Studyresultsoftheprogramareentirelyunexpected.B．Theprogramadvancesthestudents’academicperformance.C．Studentsincontrolclassroomscanbettercontroltheiremotions.D．Studentschangetheirbadbehaviorshortlythroughtheprogram.答案BⅠ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并依据句意揣测画线部分的意思1．Theyfoundthatmoreon­demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.(2024·全国Ⅰ)n．消耗2．Scientistsestimatethatsmokingreduceslifeexpectancybyaround12yearsonaverage.v.估算3．EvenifyouhavehundredsofreasonstocontactyourfriendsviaQQorWeChat，onereasonisenoughtomakeyouturnoffyoursmartphonesortabletstohaveaface­to­faceinteraction.n.相互沟通(二)同义词语替换4．Alackofagloballawmeansscientistscanclonehumansincountrieswherethebandoesnotexist.worldwide5．Computersmakeup5%ofthecountry’scommercialelectricityconsumption.accountfor6．TheDietaryGuidelinesforAmericansrecommendsthatadultsandchildrenshouldeatavarietyoffruitandvegetablestohelpthemachieveandmaintainahealthyweight.suggests/advises7．Tper(三)一词多义8．drivev．驾驶；驱使；迫使；击，敲(1)Curiositydrivesusthroughourlivessothatweneverstopwonderingaboutthethingsbeyondourknowledge.驱使(2)Withoneblow，hedrovethenailintothewall.击，敲(3)Hedrovealongforseveralmilesbeforehespottedanyone.驾驶Ⅱ.长难句理解9．Butinaworldwheremorepeoplearenowdyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition(养分不良)—whenhundredsofmillionsofpeoplestilldon’thaveenoughtoeat，wecan’tsolvethisproblembysimplycontinuingtomake“conventional”intensivefarmingmoreintensive.[句式分析]本句主句为wecan’tsolvethisproblem，inaworld是地点状语，后面where引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词world；when引导的是时间状语从句，表示dyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition发生的时间。bysimplycontinuing...作方式状语。[精致译文]但是在这个世界，死于肥胖的人数比死于养分不良的人数还多，与此同时，数亿人还没有足够的食物吃，现在我们不能仅仅通过接着使“传统”的集约化农业更加集约化来解决这个问题。10．Forthestudy，whichappearsinPreventionScience，researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgradetoseeifteacherscouldsupportstudents’emotionalandbehavioralgrowththroughtheIncredibleYearsTeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM)program.[句式分析]本句是一个主从复合句。researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgrade为主句。which引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词study。tosee作的是目的状语；后面的if引导的是宾语从句。throughtheIncredibleYearsTeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM)program是介词短语作状语。[精致译文]为了这项出现在《预防科学》上的探讨，探讨人员视察了100多名老师和1817名从幼儿园到三年级的学生，看老师能否通过“难以置信年老师课堂管理”(IYTCM)项目来支持学生的情感和行为发展。强化练(十三)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2024·江西省名校(临川一中、南昌二中)联考]Astheinternationaldemandfornarrative(叙事的)film/TVcontentcontinuestoincreasewithpopularstreamingserviceslikeNetflixandothers，thetwoquestionsthencome：willthecominggenerationsreceivemostoftheirentertainmentthroughvisualmeansratherthanthroughthewrittenwordandwillsuchanincreaseofnarrativefilm/TVreducetheimportanceofreading?Growingexamplesofthistrendincludethediminishment(削减)offictioninthecommoncore(核心的)curriculum，theever­risingcultureofcomputergames，thewaveofstreamingservicesofwideinternationalreach，andmoviesfilledwithspecialeffectsmadeforchildrenandteenagers.Normustweignoretheeconomicdangersthatlieaheadforthewrittenword.Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使黯然失色)thepublishingindustry.Theotherunderlyingquestion，ofcourse，is“doesitreallymatterifthewrittenwordbowstotheworldofnarrativefilm/TV？”Frommypointofview，anydiminishmentoffictiondeliveredbywordsisalossformankind.Thereisnogreaterhumanfeaturethantheimagination.Itliesattheverysoulofthehumanspecies.Itisthebrain’smostpowerfulengine.Itistheessentialmuscleoflifeandlikeallmusclesitmustbeexercisedandstrengthened.Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.Anythingthatdiminishesthatpoweristheenemyofmankind.ItshouldbeknownthatIamnotopposedtonewmediaandtechnologicaladvances.Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.Infact，anumberofmynovelsareinvariousstagesofdevelopmentforfilm，TV，andlivestageproductions.Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(补充)byitsvisualcounterparts(对应物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.Ofcourse，therearethosewhowillpresentargumentsforthesuperiorityofthemovingimageoverthewrittenword.Eachhasitsplace.Myargumentisforfindingtherightbalancebetweenitandthemovingimage.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了叙事电影行业的发展让文字变得黯然失色。作者认为文字是激发和增加我们想象力的重要工具，同时表达了对阅读的命运的担忧。1．Inwhatwaydoesnarrativefilm/TVembarrassthewrittenword?A．Economicbenefits.B．Internationalreach.C．Culturalinfluence.D．Educationalimportance.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句“Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使黯然失色)thepublishingindustry.”可知，叙事电影行业是一个令出版行业黯然失色的赚钱行业，由此可知，叙事电影行业在经济利益方面使文字变得尴尬。故选A。2．Whydoestheauthorvaluetheroleofthewrittenword?A．Itstrengthensourmuscles.B．Ithelpssharpenourimagination.C．Itdistinguishesmanfromeachother.D．Itpavesthewayfornarrativefilm/TV.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据第五段第一句“Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.”可知，写作和阅读是激发、创建和增加我们想象力的主要工具，由此可知，作者重视文字的作用是因为它能提高我们的想象力。故选B。3．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstechnology?A．Cautious. B．Skeptical.C．Positive. D．Critical.答案C解析推理推断题。依据倒数其次段其次句“Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.”可知，作者觉得有必要适应先进的技术，由此可推知，作者对技术持主动的看法。故选C项。4．What’stheauthorconcernedabout?A．Thefateofreading.B．Theextinctionoffiction.C．Theimpactofthewrittenword.D．Thefutureofthemovingimage.答案A解析细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段最终一句“Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(补充)byitsvisualcounterparts(对应物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.”可知，作者希望书面文字会得到视觉文字的补充，而不是被推到灭亡的边缘，由此可知，作者担忧的是阅读的命运。故选A。B(2024·湖南益阳模拟)Asix­wheeledrobottravelsundergroundinHefeitodiscoverwarningsignsoffaultsinsidethepipelinenetwork.“Itlookslikeatoycaratfirst，butit’smuchmorecomplicatedthanthat，”saidXuMao，therobot’soperator.Thepipelinerobot，developedbyWuhanEasy­SightTechnology，ismadeupoffourparts—crawler，camera，cablereel，andcontroller.Afullchargecanenabletherobottoworkforfourtofivehours，coveringadistancebetween800and1,000metersintheundergroundpipeline.TherobotmadeitsappearancelastmonthinShushanDistrict.Itwillcarryoutinspectionsoftheundergroundpipelinenetworkstretching150kilometers.“Whetherthepipeisleaking，damagedorblocked，wecanclearlyseeitssituationthroughhigh­definition(高清楚度的)camerasfixedintotherobot，”saidQiChuanshuaifromtheprovincialconstructionengineeringandtestinginstitute.Thereal­timedataincludingvideoimagesofthepipewillbeuploadedanddisplayedonacomputer.“Ifwefindanyproblems，westoptherobotandrecordtheflaws，”Xusaid.“Wereportthefaultstolocalgovernment，whowillarrangetherepairassoonaspossible.”Withtherapiddevelopmentofcities，itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttomanageundergroundpipelines.Amongallthedifficulties，discoveringfaultsinthesewage(污水)andrainwaterpipelinescomesfirst.ManyothercitiessuchasWuhan，Nanjing，Shenzhen，andShanghaiareusingtherobotstoinspecttheirpipelines，therobot’sdevelopersaid.Equippedwithenvironmentaldetectionsensors，therobotscanmonitortemperatureanddamp，poisonousgases，oxygenlevelsandsmokedensity，whileprovidingcolordiagraminrealtime.“Comparedwithhumanworkers，robotsareabletoentersmallerpipesandareimmune(有免疫力)topoisonousgasesinsewagepipes，”saidGeShenglifromShushanDistrict’scitymanagementcompany.“Nodiggingisrequiredandthereisnoneedtointerrupttraffic，”Geadded.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。伴随着城市的快速发展，管理地下管道变得日益艰难。研发人员独创了管道机器人，在很大程度上解决了这个难题。与人工处理管道问题相比，管道机器人的优势自不待言。5．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutthepipelinerobot?A．Itsdeveloper.B．Itscomponents.C．Itscharacteristics.D．Itsoutwardappearance.答案C6．Whatisthetoughestinmanagingundergroundpipelinesincities?A．Locatingthepositionwherethepipelinesare.B．Handlingthepoisonousgasesinsewagepipes.C．Arrangingtherepairandmaintenanceofpipelines.D．Discoveringflawsinthesewageandrainwaterpipelines.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据第五段其次句“Amongallthedifficulties，discoveringfaultsinthesewage(污水)andrainwaterpipelinescomesfirst.”可知，在城市地下管线管理中，最困难的是找出污水、雨水管道的裂痕。故选D。7．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A．Addsomebackgroundinformation.B．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.C．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.D．Presentsomenewfunctionsofrobots.答案A解析推理推断题。依据最终一段的前半部分“机器人配备了环境检测传感器，可以监测温度、湿度、有毒气体、氧气浓度和烟雾密度，同时实时供应彩色图表。”可推知，该段的目的是介绍与管道机器人有关的一些背景学问。故选A。8．WhatisGeShengli’sattitudetowardsthepipelinerobots?A．Doubtful. B．Appreciative.C．Critical. D．Indifferent.答案B解析推理推断题。依据最终一段中GeShengli列举的这种管道机器人与人类相比工作时的很多优点，由此可推断出GeShengli对于管道机器人的看法应当是主动的和赞许的。故选B。CBeingabletotakeadvantageoftrulyunlimiteddataisasmartphoneuser’sdream，buteveryoneI’vetalkedtoabout5Gismoreexcitedabouttheusageunlockedbynext­generationwirelessdevices.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoself­drivingcars，alltheInternet­connectedequipmentinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning­fastspeedwithreducedlatency(延迟)．“5Gisoneofthoseforerunners，alongwithartificialintelligence，ofthiscomingdataage，”saidSteveKoenig，seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Self­drivingvehiclesareemblematicinthisdataage—theyshowapplicationofdatacompletely.Withonesingletask，driving，youhavelargeamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself，andavarietyofsensors(传感器)arecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It’spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutconditionsdowntheroad.There’slotsofdatabehindthattask，whichiswhyweneedthespeedandlowerlatency.”ARglassesandvirtual(虚拟的)realityheadphoneshaven’tyetbeeninsidethemainstream，buttechcompaniesarejoyfullylayingthatsuchequipmentwilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G，thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoimprove—orevenreplace—smartphones.EricssonshowedatFebruary’sMobileWorldCongressin2024howsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection，becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents，theglassescouldrelyonoutsideequipmentforprocessingpower.Butdon’tgettooexcited.There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime，includingsomenecessarytestingtomakesuretheradioplaysnicelywithbasicsystemsandserviceconstructionsothat5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.语篇解读本文是一篇争论文。有了5G，从智能家居平安到自动驾驶汽车，生活中全部联网的设备将能够以闪电般的速度彼此通信，削减延迟。5G能够使自动驾驶汽车成为现实，并且有可能使得AR眼镜取代智能手机。9．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphfocuson?A．Thesuperspeedof5G.B．Thepotentialof5G.C．Theusageofsmartequipment.D．Thefutureofsmartequipment.答案B解析段落大意题。通读第一段并依据其中的关键信息“...everyoneI’vetalkedtoabout5Gismoreexcitedabouttheusageunlockedbynext­generationwirelessdevices.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoself­drivingcars，alltheInternet­connectedequipment...withreducedlatency(延迟)．”可知第一段着重讲了5G将会有很多用途，其潜力无穷。10．Whichwordcanreplace“emblematic”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Available. B．Productive.C．Symbolic. D．Popular.答案C解析词义揣测题。依据画线词上文中的“5Gisoneofthoseforerunners，alongwithartificialintelligence，ofthiscomingdataage”和下文中的“theyshowapplicationofdatacompletely”可分析，5G是即将到来的数据时代的预兆，因而运用了5G技术并充分利用数据的自动驾驶汽车自然就成了这个数据时代的象征了，故emblematic与symbolic(象征性的)意思相近。11．Whatistechcompanies’attitudetowardsthereplacementofsmartphones?A．Uncertain. B．Optimistic.C．Cautious. D．Disapproving.答案B解析观点看法题。由第三段中提到的“buttechcompaniesarejoyfullylayingthatsuchequipmentwilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G，thatcouldactually12．Whydoesmuchworkstillneedtobedoneaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Tomakeradioplaynicely.B．Toconstructbig5Gcities.C．Todo5Gtrialseffectively.D．Toexpand5Gcoveragefully.答案D解析推理推断题。由最终一段中的“