新概念英语3Lesson1课文及笔记

Lesson1

ApumaatlargePumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.

Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered（adj.被困得走投无路的）.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedof'cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.

美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅5码远，她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物，在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担心。单词：puma['pju:mә]n.美洲狮spot[spɔt]v.看出，发现evidence['evidәns]n.证据accumulate[ә'kju:mjuleit]v.积累，积聚oblige[ә'blaidʒ]v.使…感到必须hunt[hʌnt]n.追猎；寻找；v.打猎blackberry['blækbәri]n.黑莓human['hju:mәn]人类corner['kɔ:nә]v.使走投无路，使陷入困境；n.角落trail[treil]n.一串，一系列print[print]n.印痕cling[kliŋ]v.粘convince[kәn'vins]v.使…信服somehow['sʌmhau]ad.不知怎么搞的，不知什么原因disturb[dis'tә:b]v.令人不安笔记：Newwordsandexpression生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里puman.美洲狮spotv.看出,发现

=see,pick

out,recognize,catchsight

of强调结果,辨别出,看见,识别,发现--A

tall

man

is

easy

to

spot

in

the

crowd.--He

has

good

eye

for

spotting

mistakes.同意词：--find：强调发现的结果/find

out：查出事实真相--discover：做出重大发现/notice：注意到--observe：观察/watch：观察活动中的人或画面Spotn.斑点--There

is

a

white

spot

on

the

shirt.on

the

spot有两个含义：furn.毛皮,毛,软毛bushn.矮树丛fullyadv.充分地,完全地collectorn.收藏家,征收者Text课文at

large逃遁的,没有被控制的--Thethiefisstillatlargeatlarge详细地（=in

detail）n.细节,详情--Ineedtalktoyouatlargeatlarge总体来讲（=as

a

whole）--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.（hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的）Where

must

the

puma

have

come

from?Pumas

are

large,

cat-like

animals

which

are

found

in

America.在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果（和中文不同）英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。--Pandas

are

large

cat-like

animals

which

are

found

in

Asia.（pandan.熊猫）cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like栩栩如生的When

reports

came

into

London

Zoo

that

a

wild

puma

had

been

spotted

forty-five

miles

south

of

London,

they

were

not

taken

seriously.一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰--定语从句的引导词：--指人：主语who；宾语who,whom；定语

whose--指物：that（也可以指人）/which--时间状语：when/地点状语：where/原因状语：why2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容--同位语从句的引导词：--名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用that而不是which--时间：when；

地点：where--定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句--An

idea

came

to

her

that

she

might

do

the

experiment

in

another

way.--I

have

no

idea

what

has

happened

to

him。they

were

not

taken

seriously（they指代reports）take

sthseriously=deal

with

sthseriously认真地对待某事--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.take

sthlightly草率地对待某事（lightlyadv.轻率地）--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly（hotpotaton.棘手的问题）However,

as

the

evidence

began

to

accumulate,

experts

from

the

Zoo

felt

obliged

to

investigate,for

the

descriptions

given

by

people

who

claimed

to

have

seen

the

puma

were

extraordinarily

similar.Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用)As连词：随着,当...之时过去分词做定语：--thedescriptionsgivenbypeople--thestorytoldbythesailor(n.海员,水手,船员)--abookwrittenbyLuxunclaim

to

have

done

sth声称曾经做过某事--Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.The

hunt

for

the

puma

began

in

a

small

village

where

a

woman

picking

blackberries

saw

'a

large

cat'

only

five

yards

away

from

her.Whereawomanpicking…定语从句--I

still

remember

the

school

where

I

studied

English.It

immediately

ran

away

when

she

saw

it,

and

experts

confirmed

that

a

puma

will

not

attack

a

human

being

unless

it

is

cornered.Confirm=be

sure=be

certain(confirmvt.确定)Unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)--Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.The

search

proved

difficult,

for

the

puma

was

often

observed

at

one

place

in

the

morning

and

at

another

place

twenty

miles

away

in

the

evening.search=huntWherever

it

went,

it

left

behind

it

a

trail

of

dead

deer

and

small

animals

like

rabbits.把某物留在后面：leave

behind--Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.（n.血）Paw

prints

were

seen

in

a

number

of

places

and

puma

fur

was

found

clinging

to

bushes.英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。puma

fur

was

found

clinging

to

bushes.（被动）Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.（主动）--clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补Several

people

complained

of

"cat-like

noises'

at

night

and

a

businessman

on

a

fishing

tripsaw

the

puma

up

a

plain

of/about

sth抱怨某事on+名词：强调动作正在进行--on

the

rise在上升/on

the

increase在增加--on

the

watch在观看/on

the

match在比赛中--on

the

fishing

trip在钓鱼的途中/on

holiday在度假The

experts

were

now

fully

convinced

that

the

animal

was

a

puma,

but

where

had

it

come

from?Fully（adv.充分地,完全地）=completely=entirelyAs

no

pumas

had

been

reported

missing

from

any

zoo

in

the

country,

this

one

must

have

been

in

the

possession

of

a

private

collector

and

somehow

managed

to

escape.sthbein

the

possession

of

sb=sthbein

sb's

possession某物归某人所有(主语是物)--The

beautiful

car

is

in

my

possession.=Thebeautifulcarisin

the

possession

of

me.Sbbein

possession

of

sth某人拥有某物(主语是人)--I

am

in

possession

of

the

beautiful

car.（inpossessionof…做表语）--The

person

in

possession

of

the

big

house

is

excited.（inpossessionof…做定语）take

possession

of…拥有…The

hunt

went

on

for

several

weeks,

but

the

puma

was

not

caught.Wenton=lasted（lastvi.继续,持续）It

is

disturbing

to

think

that

a

dangerous

wild

animal

is

still

at

large

in

the

quiet

countryside.It

is

disturbing

to

think

that...一想到…就心理不安--It

is

disturbing

to

think

thatIfailmyexaminationin

the

quiet

countryside在宁静的山村Specialdifficulties难点Exercises

A1.

at/for2.

to3.

to4.

in5.

onExercises

B1.

He

is

the

man

we

have

heard

about

so

much.2.

The

shelf

you

put

those

books

on

has

collapsed.（vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解）3.Whom

did

you

receive

a

letter

from?特殊疑问句中whom

不能省略（本句）。定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。固定的动词短语look

for：寻找（去掉for后look没有寻找的意思，所以介词for不能前置）非固定的动词短语look

at：注视live

in：居住（去掉in后live仍有居住的意思，所以介词in可以前置）This

is

the

old

house

in

which

he

lived.=This

is

the

old

house

he

lived

in.4.This

is

the

road

we

came

by?5.Where

is

the

pencil

you

were

playing

with?Multiplechoicequestions多项选择1…正确答案：Dincommonadv.共有（替换了similar）2…正确答案：BA）只是一个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意B）

large

catpersuadev.说服,劝说3…答案正确：C

做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意。文章最后一句话总结了大意句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键4…答案正确：C

Make的用法：make

somebody

do（在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略）be

made

to

do（被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整）--Theymadeherwaitforhours.Shewasmadetowaitforhours.5…答案正确：D

A）把say改成claim就对了（--People

claimed

to

have