福建省高中毕业班适应性练习模拟英语试题【含答案解析】

2025届高中毕业班适应性练习卷英语注意事项：1.答题前，学生务必在练习卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的学校、准考证号、姓名。学生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与学生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致；2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本练习卷上无效；3.答题结束后，学生必须将练习卷和答题卡一并交回。本试卷为福建省质检模拟卷。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichpartofthestoremightthemangotoatfirst?A.Mechanicalwatcharea. B.Smartwatcharea. C.LEDscreenarea.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatkindofwatchareyoulookingfor?M:I’dlikesomethingpractical,mediumsized,withanLEDscreen.Itshouldbeabletocheckmyhealth,likemonitoringmyheartrate.W:Isee.Ithoughtyoumightbeinterestedinaclassicmechanicalwatch.Thisway,please.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewbook. B.Amorningpaper. C.AnAfricanteacher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,Jennifergothernewbookpublishedlastmonth.Ilearneditfromthemorningpapertoday.M:Yes,Iknow,it’sbasedonherteachingexperienceinAfricalastyear.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelnow?A.Regretful. B.Anxious. C.Confused.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Jim,haveyouseenBob?M:Notsinceheleftmyofficeanhourago.Why?W:He’ssupposedtobeattheairportnowtopickupMisterAnderson,buthe’snowheretobefound.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inapolicestation. C.Inacar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Slowdownabit,John,keepitunder65wedon’twanttobepulledoverbythepolice.M:OK.Ijustwantedtogettotheservicestationsooner.I’mkindofhungry.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Paythebill. B.Checkthemailbox. C.Fixthegascooker.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IfoundthegasBillinthemailbox.M:Howmuchisit?W:Aboutahundredandfifty?Oh,itwasduelastFriday.M:Don’tworry,I’lltakecareofittomorrow.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdoesStevethinkofhistraining?A.Disappointing. B.Acceptable. C.Excellent.7.HowlongdoesStevetraineachday?A.Threehours. B.Fivehours. C.Tenhours.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:HelloSteve,howisyourtraininggoing?M:Great.MycoachhasareallygoodswimprogrammeformeandIthinkI’minfirstclasscondition.W:Doyouhavetogetupveryearly?M:WellIdon’tliketrainingearlyinthemorningsoIstartatten.W:Isee.Whataboutlunchthen?M:Idon’thavelunch.Lunchmakesmesleepy.Itrainallthroughthedayuntilthree.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdoesMarksayaboutlivedrawing?A.It’senjoyable. B.It’sstressful. C.It’screative.9.WhatisthenewthingthatMarkwantstodrawon?A.Magazines. B.Diaries. C.Maps.10.WheredoMark’sinspirationscomefrom?A.Hisdreams. B.Hisparents. C.Histravels.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodeveningeveryone,I’mFionawithustonightisMark,afamouslocalartist.Thanksforjoiningus,Mark.M:ThankyouFiona.W:Haveyoudonelivedrawingbefore?Istheremorepressuretodrawinfrontofanaudience?M:Yes,Ihavedonelivedrawingbefore.It’salwaysfun.Ioftendrawpicturesinpubsandpeoplealwayscomeoverforalookandachat.W:Iknowthatyou’vedrawnpicturesonmanythings,includingmapsandthecoversofbooksandmagazines.What’ssomethingyouhaven’tdrawnonyetbutreallywantto?M:I’dliketodrawonpersonaldiariespeoplehavekeptovertheyearsanddrawtheowneronit.W:Fantastic.Couldyoualsotelluswhereyourinspirationscomefrom?M:MostarefromthepeopleI’vemetandtalkedtowhenIwastravelling.Ialwaysdreamedoftravelingaroundtheworldandcreatingaseriesofdrawingsaboutdifferentcitiesintheworld.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatpositionisthemaninterestedin?A.Windowcleaner. B.Shopassistant. C.Fitnesscoach.12.Whatwillbeprovidedforthejob?A.Acompanycar. B.Asmartphone. C.Avideorecorder.13.Whatisneededtodothejob?A.Computerskills. B.Physicalstrength. C.Workexperience.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisCarl’scommercialcleaning.MayIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’mcallingtoaskaboutthecleanerposition.Isitstillavailable?W:Yes,itis.WemainlyworkwithsmallstoresintheareaandthejobistocleanthestorefrontWindows.M:Iknow.Yousaidthatinthead.DoIneedworkexperience?W:No,weofferonthejobpaidtrainingasacompanycarasprovided,youmusthaveadriver'slicenseandagooddrivingrecord.Youalsoneedtohaveasmartphoneforcommunication,M:Surething.CanIaskaboutthepay?W:Certainly,it’s10to12dollarsperhourplustips.M:Okay.Doyouhaveotherrequirements?W:Ouremployeesmustbedependableandbeabletoliftheavythingsandstandlonghoursatatime.M:Noproblem.W:Good.Canyoucometomorrowafternoonattwoforaninterview?M:Okay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sareceptionist. B.He’sasecretary. C.He’sawaiter.15.Whydoesthemansaysorrytothewoman?A.Heshowedherthewrongway.B.Thereisnoreservationforher.C.Hernamehasbeenmisspelled.16.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman?A.Comebacklater. B.Talktothemanager. C.Postponethemeeting.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Tidyuparoom. B.Makeaphonecall. C.Goforacoffee.【答案】14.A15.B16.A17.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes,I’vegotareservation.MynameisHilaryLangley.M:Justamomentplease.Howdoyouspellyourlastname?W:LANGLEY,Langley?M:Well,I’msorrybutwedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou.W:Theremustbesomemistake.I’mattendingaconferenceinthecityandmysecretarytoldmethattheconferenceorganizermadethereservationforme.M:Isee.No,I’msorryyouarenotbookedinhere.W:Well,butcanyoufindmeasingleroomanyway?M:I’mafraidthere’snothingavailableatthemoment.W:Look,Ireallyneedaroomhere.CanItalktoyourmanager?M:Themanagerisawayonbusiness,butwell,Imaybeabletohelpyou.Ifyoucouldwaitandpreparetocheckinaftertwointheafternoon,we’llhavesomeroomsatthattime.W:That’dbeverykindofyou.Couldyougivemeacallwhenyouhavearoomavailable?I’lljustwanderaroundandhavesomecoffee?M:Certainly.Wouldyoupleasegivemeyourphonenumber?W:Sure.Here’smycard.Thanks.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whydomanybirdsliveinthecity?A.Theycanobtainfoodeasily.B.Theyenjoyhumancompany.C.Theylosttheirnaturalhabitat.19.WhatdoesChristinafindsurprising?A.Thebirdsarefacingseriousdangers.B.Differentkindsofbirdslivetogether.C.Somebirdsareattractedtothepoles.20.WhatisChristina’ssuggestionconcerningthebirds?A.Drivethemaway. B.Feedthemregularly. C.Doresearchonthem.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening.I’mhonoredtohavemyvoiceheardtomakeadifferenceinthelivesofthoselittlebirdsthatshareourcity.MynameisCristina.I’manenthusiasticbirdwatcher.Becausewecutdowntoomanytreesinthenearbyareas,manybirdsnowfindplaceswithinthecitytolive.Themostcommonistheareabehindthelargeadvertisementboardsonthepoles.It’sanaturalchoiceforthebirdsbecausethepolesaresimilartotrees,tallandfarfromdangersontheground.Thesurprisingthingisthattherearelikelymorethanfiveorsixkindsofbirdslivingtogetherateachplace.Whiletryingtolearnmoreaboutthesebirds,Ifindthattherehavenotbeenanyconsistentstudiesormonitoringofthem.Theireatinghabits,adaptationtolifeinthecity,diseases,deathrateandsuchotherinformationarenotavailable.I’dliketosuggestthataprogrambestartedtostudythesebirds.Itcouldbeconvenienttoemploybirdwatcherstodotheinitialstudies.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AFujianisblessedwitharichhistory,famoushistoricalsitesandbeautifulnaturallandscapes.ThesemakeFujianauniquetouristattraction.Herearesomeactivitiesexcerptedfrom.“InfiniteOcean”,animmservieAI-GeneratedArtExhibitionWithspreadingapplicationofAI,artcreationembarksonAI.“InfiniteOcean”,animmersiveAI-GeneratedArtExhibition,openedtopublicinholidayofChineseNewYearatThreeLanesandSevenAlleysofFuzhouCity.TheexhibitioncombinesoceanicartIPandinteractiveexperiencesbyAIGC-UGCmodes,creatingaVRspacewithhigh-definition,deep-immersionandgoodinteraction.The12-monthexhibitiongivesattendeesexperienceandknowledgeofocean.FujianFolkCustomsMuseum:AHotDestination“LifestyleofFujian”wasanexhibitiontooldutensilsanddecoritemsusedindifferentseasons,suchaswoodandstonecarvingstatues,golddecorandembroidery.TheexhibitionofculturalrelicsfromLongzhouCityofSichuanProvinceattractedvisitors,displaying700moreyearshistoryofchieftainculture—primarilyarepresentativetraditionofChina’ssouthwesternandnorthwesternregions.Besideexhibitions,eventsfortheholidaywereassorted,suchasexperiencingofintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产),writingnewyearcoupletsandoperaperformance.FujianTaste:ABowlofFujian“FujianTaste:ABowlofFujian”,apromotionseasonofFujian’sDelicacy,waslaunchedinShaxianCounty.LinShouqin,adeputyDirector-generalofFujianProvincialDepartmentofCultureandTourismattendedandaddressedtheceremonyofthepromotion.AvideoonFujian’sdelicaciesintriguedattendees;arap,“RhythmofTongueTip”wonapplause;displayofintangibleculturalheritagereceivedacclaim.Tentourroutesonindigenousdelicacieswerereleased.ThereweremorepromotiveactivitiestoshowcaseFujian’stasteswithhistoryandculture.21.WhatisthepurposeofcombiningAIGC-UGCmodesinthe“InfiniteOcean”exhibition?A.ToreduceproductioncoststhroughAIautomation.B.Toreplacetraditionaloceanicartwithdigitaltechnology.C.Tocreateaparticipatoryartisticexperienceforvisitors.D.ToshowcaseFujian’sdominanceinAIdevelopment.22.TheinclusionofculturalrelicsinFujianFolkCustomsMuseumprimarilyservesto______.A.highlightregionalculturalcontrastsbetweenFujianandSichuanB.demonstratethehistoricalinfluenceofchieftaincultureonFujianC.promoteinterprovincialtourismcooperationinitiativesDexpandthemuseum’scollectionbeyondlocalculturalboundaries23.TheinvolvementofLinShouqininthe“FujianTaste”eventissignificantbecauseit______.A.guaranteesnationwidemediacoverageforShaxianCountyB.symbolizesgovernmentalendorsementofculinarytourismC.prioritizespoliticalagendasoverculturalauthenticityD.emphasizesthehistoricaloriginsofFujian’sdelicacies【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了福建的三个文化活动的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheexhibitioncombinesoceanicartIPandinteractiveexperiencesbyAIGC-UGCmodes,creatingaVRspacewithhigh-definition,deep-immersionandgoodinteraction.(展览通过AIGC-UGC模式，将海洋艺术IP与互动体验相结合，打造高清、深度沉浸、良好互动的VR空间)”可知，AIGC-UGC模式在“无限海洋”展览中结合的目的是为游客创造参与式的艺术体验。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheexhibitionofculturalrelicsfromLongzhouCityofSichuanProvinceattractedvisitors,displaying700moreyearshistoryofchieftainculture—primarilyarepresentativetraditionofChina’ssouthwesternandnorthwesternregions.(四川省龙州市的文物展览吸引了游客，展示了700多年的土司文化历史——主要是中国西南和西北地区的代表性传统)”可知，文物纳入福建民俗博物馆主要是为了扩大博物馆的收藏，超越地方文化的界限。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“LinShouqin,adeputyDirector-generalofFujianProvincialDepartmentofCultureandTourismattendedandaddressedtheceremonyofthepromotion.AvideoonFujian’sdelicaciesintriguedattendees;arap,“RhythmofTongueTip”wonapplause;displayofintangibleculturalheritagereceivedacclaim.Tentourroutesonindigenousdelicacieswerereleased.ThereweremorepromotiveactivitiestoshowcaseFujian’stasteswithhistoryandculture.(福建省文化和旅游厅副厅长林守钦出席推介仪式并致辞。一段关于福建美食的视频引起了与会者的兴趣；饶舌歌曲《舌尖的节奏》赢得掌声；非物质文化遗产展示受到好评。推出10条本地美食旅游线路。有更多的推广活动，展示福建的历史和文化品味)”可知，林守钦参与“福建味”活动意义重大，因为它象征着政府对美食旅游的认可。故选B。BWilliamHenryPerkinwasbornonMarch12,1838,inLondon.Hisearlycuriosityspannedthearts,sciences,andmore,butalabinhislategrandfather’shousesparkedhispassionforchemistry.AsastudentattheCityofLondonSchool,Perkinwasdeeplyintochemistry.Histeacher,ThomasHall,noticedhistalentanddevotionandencouragedhimtoattendMichaelFaraday’slectures.Inspired,PerkinenteredtheRoyalCollegeofChemistryat15.UndertheleadershipofAugustWilhelmHofmann,PerkinquicklybecameHofmann’syoungestassistantduetohisscientificgifts.Atthattime,thedemandforquinine,theonlymalariatreatment,surpassedsupply.MotivatedbyHofmann’swordsaboutasyntheticsubstitute,Perkintookonthechallenge.In1856,whileattemptingtomakequininefromaniline,hecreatedadarksludge.Hisscientifictrainingledhimtofurtherinvestigate,resultinginadeeppurplesolution.Recognizingitasapotentialfabricdye,hepatentedit.Namedmauve,withthesupportofRobertPullar,PerkinleftcollegeagainstHofmann’sobjectionstostartafactory.Usingcoaltar,itproducedthefirstsyntheticallydyedmaterialin1857.ThankstoEmpressEugenieandQueenVictoria,mauvebecameafashionhit.Perkindidn’tstopthere.HedevelopedmoredyeslikeanilineredandblackandPerkin’sgreen.Hissyntheticdyesnotonlydecoratedbutalsoadvancedmedicalresearch,helpingidentifymicrobes.Today,theyremaincrucial,eveninmalariavaccineresearch.24.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheparagraph?A.MichaelFaradaywasthefirsttorecognisePerkin’sabilityasastudentofchemistry.B.MichaelFaradaysuggestedPerkinshouldenrolintheRoyalCollegeofChemistry.C.PerkinemployedAugustWilhelmHofmannashisassistant.D.Perkinwasstillyoungwhenhemadethediscoverythatmadehimrichandfamous.25.Whatdoestheword“surpassed”mean?A.Goingbeyond. B.Beingequalto. C.Fallingbehind. D.Beinglowerthan.26.BasedonthefinalthreeparagraphswhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutWilliamHenryPerkin’scontributionsbeyonddyeproduction?A.Heprioritizedfinancialgainoverscientificinnovation.B.Hisworkunintentionallyadvancedfieldsunrelatedtochemistry.C.Heabandoneddyeresearchtofocusentirelyonmedicalapplications.D.Hissyntheticdyeswereinitiallyrejectedbythefashionindustry.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPerkin’scharacter?A.Recklessandimpulsive. B.Cautiousandambitious.C.Curiousandpersistent. D.Carelessanddetermined.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了合成染料的发明者WilliamHenryPerkin。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“In1856,whileattemptingtomakequininefromaniline,hecreatedadarksludge.Hisscientifictrainingledhimtofurtherinvestigate,resultinginadeeppurplesolution.Recognizingitasapotentialfabricdye,hepatentedit.(1856年，当他试图用苯胺制造奎宁时，他制造了一种黑色的污泥。他的科学训练使他进行了进一步的研究，得到了一种深紫色的溶液。认识到它是一种潜在的织物染料，他为其申请了专利)”和第五段中“Namedmauve,withthesupportofRobertPullar,PerkinleftcollegeagainstHofmann’sobjectionstostartafactory.(在罗伯特·普勒的支持下，Perkin命名它为苯胺紫，他不顾霍夫曼的反对，离开了大学，创办了一家工厂)”可知，Perkin在1856年尝试合成奎宁时意外发明了“苯胺紫”染料（当时他18岁），随后建立工厂并因此致富成名；A选项中是ThomasHall最先发现他的能力，不是MichaelFaraday；B选项文中未提及MichaelFaraday建议他入学；C选项中Perkin是Hofmann的助手，不是雇用Hofmann。故选D。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前“theonlymalariatreatment(唯一的疟疾治疗药物)”以及后文“MotivatedbyHofmann’swordsaboutasyntheticsubstitute,Perkintookonthechallenge.(受到Hofmann关于合成替代品的话的激励，Perkin接受了挑战)”可知，奎宁是唯一的疟疾治疗药物，需要替代品，说明奎宁的需求超过了供应，surpassed意思是“超过”，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hissyntheticdyesnotonlydecoratedbutalsoadvancedmedicalresearch,helpingidentifymicrobes.(他的合成染料不仅用于装饰，还推动了医学研究，帮助识别微生物)”可知，他的合成染料在医学研究等领域有推动作用，这些领域与染料生产无关，是他工作无意之中带来的影响，即他的工作无意中推进了与化学无关的领域，故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Hisearlycuriosityspannedthearts,sciences,andmore,butalabinhislategrandfather’shousesparkedhispassionforchemistry.(他早期的好奇心跨越了艺术、科学等领域，但他已故祖父家中的一个实验室激发了他对化学的热情)”和最后一段中“Perkindidn’tstopthere.HedevelopedmoredyeslikeanilineredandblackandPerkin’sgreen.(Perkin并没有止步于此。他发明了更多的染料，比如苯胺红、苯胺黑和珀金绿)”可知，Perkin对化学充满好奇，积极探索，以及面对困难坚持研究并取得多项成果，可以看出他既好奇又有毅力，故选C。CDidyouknowtheearliestformofwritingbeganasa“bookkeepingsystem”?Around8500BCE,inMesopotamia(modern-dayMiddleEast),farmersandartisansusedsmallclaytokensshapedlikecones,disks,andcylinderstotrackgoods.Forexample,sixcone-shapedtokensmightrepresentsixbagsofgrain,whileeightcylinderscouldstandforeightlivestock.These3Dsymbolsweretheworld’sfirst“written”records.About5000yearslater,peoplestartedsealingthesetokensinsideclayenvelopestokeeptrackofdebts.Buthowcouldtheyrememberwhatwasinside?Theypressed2Dsymbolsofthetokensontotheenvelopes’surfaces.Eventually,theyrealizedthetokensinsidewereunnecessary—claytabletswiththesepressedsymbolswereenough.Overtime,thesymbolssimplifiedintowedge-shapedmarkscalledcuneiform(楔形文字),thefirsttruewritingsystem.Archaeologistsdiscoveredthatearlysymbolsweresimpleshapes(circles,triangles),butby3500BCE,moredetailedtokensappeared,shapedliketools,furniture,andevenfruits.Theserepresentedcraftedgoodslikebread,cloth,orpottery.Interestingly,thesesymbolsweren’tinventedbyelitesorpriestsbutbyeverydayworkers—simpletokenstrackedcrops,whilecomplexoneswereusedbyartisansinworkshops.Mathalsogrewfromthisneedtocountgoods.Around3100BCE,Sumerianaccountantsmadearevolutionaryleap:before,recording“18bagsofgrain”required18separategrainsymbols,butnow,theycouldwritethesymbolfor“18”followedbyonegrainsymbol.Thissavedtimeandeffort.Thousandsofclaytabletsfoundinancienttemplessuggestteamsofscribeshandledtheserecords,andit’slikelylower-rankingworkersinventedthissystemtoreducetheirtedioustasks.Fromclaytokenstoabstractwriting,theseinnovationsarosefrombasichumanneeds:trackingresourcesandtrade.Itwasn’tkingsorpriestsbutordinarypeople—farmers,artisans,andaccountants—whosparkedoneofhumanity’sgreatestachievements:thewrittenword.28.WhatwastheoriginalpurposeoftheclaytokensusedinMesopotamia?A.Torecordofferingsinreligiousceremonies. B.Tomanagecross-regionaltradedebts.C.Todocumentroyaldecreesandachievements. D.Totrackagriculturalandcraftedgoods.29.HowdidSumerianaccountantsrevolutionizerecord-keeping?A.Theyinventedclayenvelopestostoretokens.B.Theydevelopedthefirstalphabeticwritingsystem.C.Theycreatedabstractnumeralstosimplifycounting.D.Theyintroducedpriestlyoversighttofinancialrecords.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthesociallevelinancientMesopotamiabasedonthetext?A.Elitesactivelyresistedthedevelopmentofwriting.B.Lower-rankingworkersdrovepracticalinnovations.C.Priestscontrolledallformsofrecord-keeping.D.Kingsclaimedcreditforinventingcuneiform.31.Whichtitlebestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheHiddenRoleofOrdinaryPeopleinCreatingWritingandMathB.FromClayTokenstoCuneiform:HowTradeShapedCivilizationC.KingsandPriests:TheTrueInventorsofWritingD.Archaeology’sGreatestDiscovery:DecodingAncientSymbols【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了书写和数学的发展是源于普通人的需求，是普通人推动了这些创新。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Around8500BCE,inMesopotamia(modern-dayMiddleEast),farmersandartisansusedsmallclaytokensshapedlikecones,disks,andcylinderstotrackgoods.(公元前8500年左右，在美索不达米亚（今中东地区），农民和工匠使用小陶土标记，形状像锥、圆盘和圆柱，用来记录货物)”可知，在美索不达米亚使用粘土代币的最初目的是记录农产品和工艺品。故选D。29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Around3100BCE,Sumerianaccountantsmadearevolutionaryleap:before,recording“18bagsofgrain”required18separategrainsymbols,butnow,theycouldwritethesymbolfor“18”followedbyonegrainsymbol.(大约在公元前3100年，苏美尔的会计人员实现了革命性的飞跃：以前，记录“18袋谷物”需要18个单独的谷物符号，但是现在，他们可以在“18”的符号后面加上一个谷物符号)”可知，苏美尔会计师创造了抽象数字来简化计数。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thousandsofclaytabletsfoundinancienttemplessuggestteamsofscribeshandledtheserecords,andit’slikelylower-rankingworkersinventedthissystemtoreducetheirtedioustasks.(在古代寺庙中发现的数千块泥板表明，抄写员团队处理这些记录，很可能是低等级的工人发明了这种系统，以减少他们繁琐的工作)”可知，古代美索不达米亚的社会水平是底层工人推动了实际创新。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Fromclaytokenstoabstractwriting,theseinnovationsarosefrombasichumanneeds:trackingresourcesandtrade.Itwasn’tkingsorpriestsbutordinarypeople—farmers,artisans,andaccountants—whosparkedoneofhumanity’sgreatestachievements:thewrittenword.(从粘土符号到抽象文字，这些创新源于人类的基本需求：记录资源和贸易。不是国王或牧师，而是普通人——农民、工匠和会计——创造了人类最伟大的成就之一：文字)”结合文章讲述了书写和数学的发展是源于普通人的需求，是普通人推动了这些创新，可知，A选项“普通人在创造写作和数学中的隐藏角色”最符合文章标题。故选A。DInancienttimes,ambergriswasusedtoscentcosmeticsinMesopotamiaandalmosteverycivilizationintheworldhasencounteredit.Before1,000AD,theChinesenamedambergris“lung-sien-hiang”,whichtranslatesto“dragon’sspittleperfume”,astheybelieveditwascreatedfromthesalivaofdragonssleepingonrocksattheedgeofthesea.TheArabsknewambergrisasanbarandbelieveditwasproducedfromspringsnearthesea,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.Forcenturies,thissubstancehasalsobeenusedasaflavoringinfood.DuringtheMiddleAges,Europeansusedambergrisasatreatmentforheadaches,colds,epilepsy,andotherillnesses.Inthe1851whalingnovelMoby-Dick,HermanMelvilleclaimedthatambergriswas“largelyusedinperfumery.”However,nobodyeverknewwhereitreallycamefrom.Expertswerestillguessingitsoriginthousandsofyearslater,untilthelongagesofguessworkendedinthe1720’s,whenNantucketwhalersfoundgobsofthecostlymaterialinsidethestomachsofspermwhales.Industrialwhalingquicklyburgeoned(兴起).By20thcenturyambergrisismainlyrecoveredfrominsidethecarcasses(尸体)ofspermwhales.Throughcountlessages,peoplehavefoundpiecesofambergrisonsandybeaches.Itwasnamedgrayambertodistinguishitfromgoldenamber,anotherraretreasure.Bothofthemwereamongthemostsought-aftersubstancesintheworld,almostasvaluableasgold.(Greyambersellsforroughly20$agram,slightlylessthangoldat30$agram.)Amberfloatsinsaltwater,andinancienttimes,theoriginofboththesesubstanceswasmysterious.However,itturnedoutthatamberandambergrishavelittleincommon.Amberisatypeofhard,transparent(透明的),andorganicmaterialthathasbeenprizedforitsbeautyandrarity.Itisformedfromtheresinofancienttrees,mainlypines,thathavebeenfossilizedovertime.BeforethediscoveryoftheNewWorld,amberwasalreadywell-knowntoEuropeansandwasoftenusedinjewelry-making.Despitebeingconsideredagemstone,amberisnotamineralbutabiologicalmaterial,makingituniqueamonggemstones.Itsbeautyandvaluehavebeenrecognizedforcenturies,makingamberahighlyprizednaturalmaterial.Ambergrisisavaluablefixativeinperfumes,enhancingandprolongingscent.However,duetoitsrarity,cost,availability,andlegalissues,mostperfumeriesnowuseachemicalderivativeinstead.Asafragranceconsumer,it’sunlikelythatyourperfumecontainsnaturalambergrisunlessspecificallyadvertisedorit’savintagescentfrombeforethe1980s.Ifyou’recuriousaboutambergrisinyourperfume,reviewyourscentcollection.SomepopularperfumescontainingambergrisareAmarige,ChanelNo.5,andGucciGuilty.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutambergrisfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itwasfoundnearthecoastfromthesprings.B.Itwasalittlebitlessexpensivethangold.C.Humandidn’tknowitsoriginuntilthe20century.D.Therearemythsaboutitfromculturetoculture.33.Accordingtothetext,whydomostmodernperfumesavoidnaturalambergris?A.Itsscentisnolongerfashionable. B.Legalrestrictionsandscarcitymakeitimpractical.C.Itcausesallergicreactionsinconsumers. D.Syntheticalternativesarelesstransparent.34.Amongthefollowingtopics,whichoneisleastlikelytobeinvolvedinthecontentbetweenParagraph3andParagraph4accordingtothepassage?A.Historyabouthowtofindtheoriginofambergris.B.Moreaccurateproducingprocessofamber.C.Whytheambergrisisbecomingmoreandmoreprecious.D.Theclosebondbetweenspermwhalesandambergrisformation.35.Whichisthecommonalitybetweenambergrisandamber?A.Beingsee-through. B.Producingsweetscents.C.Beingexpensive. D.Usedascurrency.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了龙涎香及其来源。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段前三句“Inancienttimes,ambergriswasusedtoscentcosmeticsinMesopotamiaandalmosteverycivilizationintheworldhasencounteredit.Before1,000AD,theChinesenamedambergris“lung-sien-hiang”,whichtranslatesto“dragon’sspittleperfume”,astheybelieveditwascreatedfromthesalivaofdragonssleepingonrocksattheedgeofthesea.TheArabsknewambergrisasanbarandbelieveditwasproducedfromspringsnearthesea,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.(古时候，在美索不达米亚，龙涎香被用于化妆品的香味，世界上几乎每一个文明都遇到过它。公元1000年前，中国人将龙涎香命名为“龙涎香”，意为“龙的唾液香”，因为他们认为龙涎香是由睡在海边岩石上的龙的唾液制成的。阿拉伯人将龙涎香称为anbar，并认为它产自海边的泉水，因此得名)”可知，不同的文化都有关于龙涎香的传说，故D项正确；前两段未提及B项内容，而是出现在第三段“Throughcountlessages,peoplehavefoundpiecesofambergrisonsandybeaches.Itwasnamedgrayambertodistinguishitfromgoldenamber,anotherraretreasure.Bothofthemwereamongthemostsought-aftersubstancesintheworld,almostasvaluableasgold.(千百年来，人们在沙滩上发现了龙涎香碎片。它被命名为灰琥珀，以区别于另一种罕见的珍宝金琥珀。这两种物质都是世界上最受欢迎的物质之一，几乎和黄金一样有价值)”；根据第一段中“TheArabsknewambergrisasanbarandbelieveditwasproducedfromspringsnearthesea,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.(阿拉伯人将龙涎香称为anbar，并认为它产自海边的泉水，因此得名)”可知这只是一个传说，故A项错误；根据第二段中“Expertswerestillguessingitsoriginthousandsofyearslater,untilthelongagesofguessworkendedinthe1720’s(几千年后，专家们仍然在猜测它的来源，直到18世纪20年代，漫长的猜测才结束)”可知，18世纪20年代就已经知道了源头，故C项错误。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,duetoitsrarity,cost,availability,andlegalissues,mostperfumeriesnowuseachemicalderivativeinstead.(然而，由于其稀缺性、成本、可获得性和法律问题，大多数香水制造商现在使用化学衍生物代替)”可知，现代大对数香水避免使用天然龙涎香是因为其稀有、成本高、获取困难以及法律问题，故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据题干要求判断第三段和第四段之间不可能会提及的话题，答案应与三四段内容相关，第三段主要比较龙涎香与琥珀的差异及琥珀的