2025年中考英语题型突破训练：短文选词 （原卷版）

专题19短文选词填空

（2023・湖南郴州•统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空、使短文完整、通顺（每空一

词，每词限用一次）。

nonesilentstandwecouragequestionfastprotectbutwithout

Onceinaphysicsclass,theteacheraskedstudents,“Whydowehavebrakes（杀!J车）inourcars?"Soon,

studentsgavedifferentanswers.Astudent]upandreplied,ctSir,tostopthecar."Anotheronesaid,“To

reduceandcontrolthespeedofthecar.”

However,2oftheanswerswasthesameastheteacher5s.Thenhesaid,“AUofyouranswersare

right.Butinmyopinion,thebrakesinthecarmakeusabletodrivemuch3

“Ifthecarhasnobrakes,howfastarewereadytodrive?Itisthebrakesinthecarthatgiveus4to

drivefastandsafely.^^Listeningtothis,thewholeclasswas5becausenoonehadimaginedthisanswer.

Similarly,therearemanysuch“brakes“inourlife,whichseemtostopus.Forexample,ourparentsmayask

6aboutprogressordecisionsinlife.Their7orsuggestionsmaybeconsideredas“brakes“which

standinourway.Butwecanseethemasoursupporterswhichcan8uswhiletakingrisks.Sometimes,

wehavetostoporevenstepback,sothatwecantakeabigstep.

Infact,itisthe"brakes“inlifethathelpusalot.9these"brakes”,wecouldloseourdirectionor

getintodanger.Soweneedtounderstandthat"brakes“inourlifearenotmeanttopushusback10to

makeusmoveforwardmorequicklythanbefore.

（2023・甘肃天水・统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每

个单词或短语限用一次。

friend,or,silly,lookup,you,alittle,in,what,sometimes,have

DearLiMing,

Howareyou?MynameisMary.I'vebeenlookingforwardto11apenpalforalongtimenow.I

hopewecanbecomegreat12!

EversinceIgotyournameandaddressfrommyteacher,Mrs.Brown,Ihavebeenthinkingabout13

towrite.First,Ithoughtoftelling14whatit'sliketogotoschoolhereinLondon.Butthen,Ithoughtyou

could15Londonontheinternetandreadaboutityourself.AndthenIhadtheideatotellyouaboutmy

family,butIrealizedthatthestoryofmylittlebrotherlosingatooth16thetimewegotanewkittenmight

bekindofboring.Afterthat,Ithoughtaboutaskingyouquestionsaboutwhatifsliketolive17Gansu,

butIwasafraidyoumightthinkmyquestionswere18.

IguessIcantellyou19aboutmyself.Infact,you'veprobablyalreadylearnedonethingaboutme.I

20haveahardtimemakingupmymind!Ihopeyouwillwritemebackanyway.

Sincerely,

Mary

（2023・湖北随州•统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，

每空一词。

harmfulinfartradekillgroupifslowstrongthey

SavetheSharks!Manyhaveheardofsharkfinsoup.Thisfamousandexpensivedishisespeciallypopular

21southernChina.Butdoyourealizethatyou're22awholesharkeachtimeyouenjoyabowlof

sharkfinsoup?

Whenpeoplecatchsharks,theycutoff23finsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean.Thisisnot

onlycruel,butalso24totheenvironment.Withoutafin,asharkcannolongerswimand25

dies.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchainintheocean'secosystem.26theirnumbersdroptoolow,it

willbringdangertoalloceanlife.Manybelievethatsharkscanneverbeendangeredbecausetheyarethe27

intheirfoodchain.Butinfact,around70millionsharksarecaughtand28inthisindustryeveryyear.

Thenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefallenbyover90percentinthelast20to30years.

Environmentalprotection29aroundtheworld,suchasWildAidandtheWWF,areteachingthe

publicabout“finning”.Theyhaveevenaskedgovernmentstodeveloplawstostopthesaleofsharkfins.So

30noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth,sowhyeatthem?Helpsavethe

sharks!

（2023•山东泰安・统考中考真题）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整,

每词限用一次。

improve,solve,unusual,why,read,expression,good,from,enough,might

ChatGPTisanAIsystem（系统）thatcanhaveadiscussionandcreatewrittenwork.Itcancreate

materialbasedonwhatithaslearned31digitalbooksandonlinenaissance.Nowthreehighschool

studentsinCyprushavedevelopedan32robotwiththehelpoftheirteachers.Itisspecialasituses

ChatGPTAItechnology.

TherobotisnamedAinstein.Itisthesizeofasmalladultandevenhasascreenforafacethatappearsto

showhumanfacial（面部）33.ItspeaksaNorthAmericanformofEnglish.Anditcantelljokes,like

“34wasthemathbooksad?Becauseithadtoomanyproblems."Therobotenjoys35science

booksandspendingtimeplayingtheviolin.

ThecreatorsofAlnsteinwanttousethetechnologyto36learningexperiencesintheclassroom.In

fact,there37beaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall.BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldon

predictsthatrobotswilltakeovertheclassroomin2027andteacherswillworkastheirhelpers.

Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacheris38thannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,

therearen't39teachersand9——16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don'tgotoschool.That

problemcouldbepartly40byrobots,becausetheycanteachanywhereandwon'tgetstressed,ortired,

ormovesomewhereforaneasier,higher-paidjob.

（2023・山西・统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通

顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。

shemakeclubmuchvaluedifferent

hetellworkkindparentunderstand

Lastyearwehadanewclassmate.41nameisDanny.Hewastallandhandsomewithdarkbrown

eyes.Manyclassmateslikedhim.

Oneday,we42thatwewouldhaveaschooltripattheendofthemonth.Thewholeclassgotvery

excitedandthegirlsbegantodiscusswhattowearandwhattobringwiththem.ButDannysimplytoldeveryone

hewouldn,tgo.

“Don'tyoulikeit,Danny?^^ourteacherMr.Simsaskedwith43.

Dannystoodupandsaid,"It'stoomuchmoneyforme.Mydadisillinbed.Mymom44ina

supermarketeveryday.Tmnotaskingthemformoney.^^

'Tmveryproudofyouthatyoucanunderstandyour45.Noteverystudentofyouragecanthink

aboutMr.Simsreplied.

ThenMr.Simssaidtotheclass,“Thisyear,wearegoingtodothings46.Wouldyouliketoraise

moneyforthetripbyyourselves?Ihopeeachofyoucancomeupwithatleastoneidea.Andwe47a

plantomorrow.,5

“Well,myfamilycanaffordthetrip.DoIstillhavetodothat?”Shellyasked.

“Shelly,thiswillbeadifferentand48learningexperienceforeveryone,whetheryouhavethemoney

ornot.”

Thatday,weknewDanny49thanbeforebecausehewasnotonlyhonestbutalsobrave.Hisbehavior

（行为）helpedus50whathisfamilyhadordidn'thavecouldn'tdecidewhohewas.Hewonthe

respectofmanyofus.

（2023•河南南阳•校考三模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完

整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

screenreceivebecauseplaypatientchooseheshortsituationhelp

ImagineyouarecollectingsomeinformationaboutwintertraditionsofnorthernChina.Youopenavideothat

youthinkitcouldbe51toyou.Butittakestimetoload（力口载）.Aftertenseconds,ithasn'teven52

yet.Willyoucontinuetowaitpatiently?

ComputerscienceexpertRameshSitaramanplaced6.7millionpeopleina53similartotheone

above.Accordingto54study,52%ofpeoplewouldgiveupwaitingforthevideoafteronlytwoseconds.

Andwitheverysecondpassing,another5.8percentofpeoplewould55togiveup.Sitaraman^research

showsthatpeoplearebecominglessandlesspatient.BecauseofthefastInternetspeed,weareusedto56

“instantgratification（即时满足）Weexpecttogetwhatwewantwithoutwaiting.Whenwedon'tgetwhatwe

want57,wewillbeworriedorevenangry.Thishappensinfrontofour58andbeyond.

Butbeing59doesn,tjustsolveyourtroubles.Itisalsothekeytosuccessinlife.Tosomedegree,

manypeopleincludingJ.K.RowlingandDengQingmingsucceed60theyarequitepatient.Whenyou

wanttogetinstantgratificationnexttime,rememberthatgoodthingsdotaketime.Ifsbettertobepatient.

（2023・陕西・统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次,

每空限填一个单词。）

improveourwayoftravelling.Indaysofhigh-speedtrainresearchand63,scientistswereoncefaced

withanoiseproblem.Thetrainspushedairthroughtunnelsat64speeds.So,whenatraincameoutofa

tunnel,itcouldbevery,very65.However,kingfisherbirdshardlymakeasoundwhentheygetinto

lakesorrivers.Engineers66acleveridea.Theychangedthefrontofthetrainstomatchtheshapeofthe

kingfisher.Thentheaircould67passoverthetrains.Theproblemwassolved!

Thekingfisher68exampleisjustonethatwelearnedfromnature.Scientistsstudythesmart

modelsthatnaturecan69.Thentheyusetheirwisdom（智慧）andimaginationtodesignnewproducts.

Natureprovidesuswith70possibilitiestofindwonderfulwaystoimproveourlives.Learningfrom

natureknowsnobounds（永无止境）！

（2023•江苏苏州・统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卡标有题

号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。

infrontofmovememberhappycomplete

ShenzhouXVmission（飞行任务）crew（乘组）returnedtoEarthon

June4afterasix-monthmission.Thecrew71areFeiJunlong,DengQingmingandZhangLu.

Aftereverythingwasready,theastronautswerecarriedoutofthecapsule（返回舱）onebyoneandplacedon

chairs72thecapsule.Then,theastronautssharedtheirfeelingsandthoughtswithareporterfromCCTV

inaliveprogram.Feisaid,t4Wehave73ourtasksbeforereturningsafelytoEarth.Weareallingood

condition.^^Dengsaid,“Iexpectedthechancetoflyintospacefortwenty-fiveyears.Itwasthe74

momentofmylifetoknowthatIcouldbeinthemission.^^Zhangsaid,t4Wewillgobacktotrainingassoonas

possible.Wewillalwaysbereadytoreturntospace.”

Aftertheinterview,theastronautswere75awayforhealthchecks.

（2023・江西・统考中考真题）

enterstealwhatwhileanotherlaughvisitorimpolitelyheightwiseenvironment

Manyyearsago,thereweremanystatesinChina.TheStateofQiusedtobeverystrong,butitbecameless

powerful.YanZiwasa76adviser,sothekingofQisenthimtoaskChutosupporteachother.

ThekingofChuknewYanZiwasveryshort.HetriedtomakeYanZifeelshyabouthis77.When

YanZiarrived,theguardtoldhim78throughthesmallgate.YanZididn'tgetangry.t6Onlyastateof

dogswillgreet79withagatefordogs.I'mvisitingtheStateofChu.Thisgateisn'tforme."YanZisaid.

Sotheguardhadtotakehimthroughthemaingate.

ThekingofChuwasunhappyat80YanZidid."WhydidQisendYOU?Don'ttheyhaveanyone

better?^^thekingtried81way.

“IfQimeetsagreatking,it'llsendthebestambassador（使臣）.I'mtheworst.ThafswhyI'mhere.^^YanZi

repliedcalmly（镇定地）.Atthistime,theguardsbroughtathief（小偷）totheking.ThethiefwasfromQi."Ha!

YanZi,isQiastateofthieves?^^askedtheking82.

YanZireplied,“TheorangetreessouthofHuaiRiverproducebiganddeliciousfruit,83the

orangetreesnorthofHuaiRiverproducesmallandsourfruit.The84makesthefruitgrowdifferently.

InQi,peoplearegoodandhonest,buthere,they85.Whatmadethatpersonathiefhere?95Finally,the

kinglookedatYanZiand86,“Iwaswrongaboutyouandyourstate!,?

（2023・四川广安•统考中考真题）根据短文内容用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，每词一次，

并将答案写在答题卡上的相应位置。

ifIexciteaffordthebookshoppickfromfewlucky

WhenIwasinprimaryschool,Ifellinlovewithreading.Thebooksbroughtawonderfulworldto

87.ThemoreIread,themoreIwantedtoknow.However,myparentscouldnot88somanybooks.

Ihadtosolvetheproblemmyself.

Therewasa89nearmyhome.OnedayIwalkedintothebookshopand90upabook.I

didn'tknowwhetherIcouldreadtherewithoutbuyinganybooks.Tomakesure,Ijustreada91pages

andthenputitback.92,noonenoticedme.Afterthat,Iwenttheretoreadeveryday.Severaldayslater,

whileIwasreading,theownercameupandasked,"Youlikereading?^^Ilookeddownandrepliednervously,ctYes.^^

“Don'tworry,“hesaidwithasmile,"Youmayreadbookshere93youhelpmecleantheshop.^^Ifelt

quite94,46Wow!Ifssokindofyou!^^Fromthenon,Ispentalittletimecleaningtheshop.Afterthat,I

quietlyreadthere.Finally,Ibecameoneof95bestwritersinourschool.

Nowstudyinginhighschool,Icanborrowbooks96thelibrary.Myhobbyofreadingiskept.It

willmakeabigdifferencetomylife.

（2023•浙江宁波•统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。

nearbyhappenstealhourfeel

Lastyear,myfriendsandIwentonatrip.Westartedearlyinthemorningandtraveledforseveral97

onabus.Whenwearrived,everyonewastired.

Whileweweregettingoffthebus,Inoticedayoungman,probablyinhisearlytwenties,standingveryclose

tooneofmyfriends.Suddenly,Irealizedthathewastryingto98myfriend^walletfromherbag!I

99reallynervous,butIknewIhadtotakeactiontostophim.Luckily,Isawtwopoliceofficersstanding

100andgotanidea.SoIfelloverandcriedoutpainfully.Thepoliceofficersheardthatandcameovertohelp.

Whentheywerebymyside,Itoldthemwhatwas101.Theycaughtthethiefrightaway.

Afterthat,wethankedthepoliceofficersandwentonwithourtriphappily.

（2023・四川成都・统考中考真题）短文填空从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文

意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。

actualadvantagechancechilddifficult

differencefewhearmanypossiblesilencetell

Fmthirsh!

stem,

Doyoubelievearoseplantsays“Iwantsomewater“oratreeshouts"My

microphone加「

microphome

armshurt"?Maybeyouwillsaythiscouldonlyhappeninsome102stories.

Infact,plantsarenotalways103.Arecentstudyhasfoundplantsshoutwhentheyareinneedofwater

orhavingtheirstemscut."Eveninaquietfield,thereare104somesoundsthatcarryinformation.However,

thepitch（音高）istoohighforpeople105JsaidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.

Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordsometomatoplantsandfoundthatstressedplantssendout106

soundsthanunstressedplants.""Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,“ProfessorHadanysaid.

Theyalsotrainedamachinein107thedifferencesbetweenthirstyplantsandcutplants.Theresultshows

thatwhenthecausesofstresschange,theyshout108.Aftertheteamrecordedmanykindsofotherplants,

theyfoundthatmanyplantslikecom,wheatandgrapeplantssendoutsoundswhentheyareunderstress,too.

“Thereisa109thatalotofcommunicationishappening,ProfessorHadanysaid."Becauseotherplants

canprobablyhearthecallofthestressedplants.^^

Soundrecordingsofplantscouldbringhumanslotsof110,especiallyinfarming.Forexample,people

willmakesurewhethercomisgettingenoughwaterorwherewaterisneededmostwithoutmuch111.

（2023・四川泸州・统考中考真题）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，选出可以填入短文空格处的词并将该词的字

母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。

A.theyB.beautyC.alsoD.physicalE.something

F.atG.foundH.expressI.betterJ.medicine

Readingandwritingpoemsisaverypersonalexperience.Poetsuselanguageasawayofexpressingtheir

feelings.Poetscandescribethe112ofnature,aperson,adreamoramemorableevent.Mostpeople

havetriedwritingpoems113sometime.Forchildren,ifsagoodwaytoenjoylanguageandhavefun

withwordsaswellasto114themselves.

Butteachersandpsychologists（心理学家）have115anotheruseforpoemsasaformoftherapy

（疗法）tohelpwithproblems.Writingpoemscanhelpdealwithchangeintheirlives,deathorfeelingsofsadness

orseriousdisease.Bywritingdownyourfeelings,youcanlearntounderstandyourself116thanbefore.

Poemsmightbeawayoftellingsomeone117whenyoudon'tfeelabletotalkaboutitfacetoface.

Poemswrittenastherapycanbefunnytoo,aslaughterisalsoconsideredtobeverygood118forillness.

StudentsataspecialschoolinEnglandreadandwritepoemseveryday.Someofthepoemsthat119

writeareverygood,buttheirreasonforwritingisnotjusttobecreative.Allofthemhavesomementaland

120problems.Butbywritingpoems,studentsaregrowinginself-confidence.Thepoemsprovideachannel

forthemtocommunicatewiththeworldandexpresstheirfeelings.They121helpthemtofindoutand

workouttheirproblemsandtodevelopapositiveattitudetolife.

（2023・四川凉山•统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意

思完整。每词限用一次。

successhowsendeducationvillagertheywithouthard-workingreceivereally

15,2023,theActivityofChoosingPeopleWhoMovedLiangshanin2022washeld

inXichang.Tenpeople122theproudprize.AmongthemwasLouSe'erwhosefourchildrengotintothe

famousuniversitiesinChina.TwoofthemarestudyinginTsinghuaUniversity.Hewasgivenaspecialprizebythe

governmentonOctober31st,2022.It'simpossibleforhimtogetsuchspecialprizes123thegreateffort.

LuoandhiswifeliveinasmallmountainvillageinButuo.Theyhaveacommonandhardlifeasmostother

124intheirneighborhood.Theyhavelittleeducation,buthowcantheybringupfourexcellentchildren?Luo

toldreportersabouthis"secretsof125education.^^“Ihopemychildrencangetmoreeducationandhavea

betterfuture.^^saidLuo."MywifeandIfacedlotsofchallengesanddifficulties.Wedon'tknow126to

readorwrite.Wecanhardlycount.^^

They127realizedtheimportanceofeducationfortheirchildren.Theymadeuptheirminds128

themtogoodschools.Theycan'thelptheirchildrenwithstudyingathomeduringweekends,summerandwinter

vacations.Thechildrenhavetolearnby129andsometimestheelderbrothershelpedtheiryoungerbrother

andsister.Theystudiedveryhardandmadegreatprogressinexaminations."Myallchildrenareingood

univer