2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标Ⅰ英语试题含答案

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·新课标Ⅰ卷英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15．答案是C。1．WhatisKatedoing?A．Boardingaflight．B．Arrangingatrip．C．Seeingafriendoff．2．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Apopstar．B．Anoldsong．C．Aradioprogram．3．Whatwillthespeakersdotoday?A．Gotoanartshow．B．Meettheman'saunt．C．EatoutwithMark．4．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Cancelanorder．B．Askforareceipt．C．Rescheduleadelivery．5．WhenwillthenexttraintoBedfordleave?A．At9：45．B．At10：15．C．At11：00．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketoday?A．Stormy．B．Sunny．C．Foggy．7．Whatisthemangoingtodo?A．Plantatree．B．Movehiscar．C．Checkthemap．听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．WhyisKathyinCalifornianow?A．Sheisonvacationthere．B．Shehasjustmovedthere．C．Sheisdoingbusinessthere．9．WhatistherelationshipbetweenTomandFiona?A．Husbandandwife．B．Brotherandsister．C．Fatheranddaughter．10．WhatdoesKathythankDavefor?A．Findingheranewjob．B．Sendingherapresent．C．Callingonhermother．听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．HowdidJackgotoschoolwhenhewasachild?A．Bybike．B．Onfoot．C．Bybus．12．WhatisJack'sattitudetowardparentsdrivingtheirkidstoschool?A．Disapproving．B．Encouraging．C．Understanding．13．Whatistheproblemwithsomeparentsaccordingtothewoman?A．Overprotectingtheirchildren．B．Pushingtheirchildrentoohard．C．Havingnotimefortheirchildren．听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WhydidMariepostherkitchengardeningonlineatfirst?A．Tokeeprecordsofherprogress．B．Tosellhome­grownvegetables．C．Tomotivateherfellowgardeners．15．WhydoesMarierecommendbeginnerstogrowstrawberries?A．Theyneednospecialcare．B．Theycanbeusedincooking．C．Theybearalotoffruitsoon．16．WhatisdifficultforMarietogrow?A．Herbs．B．Carrots．C．Pears．17．WhatisMarie'sadvicetothoseinterestedinkitchengardening?A．Aimhigh．B．Keepfocused．C．Stayoptimistic．听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whatis“LifeofJohnson”？A．Amagazinecolumn．B．ATVseries．C．Ahistoricalnovel．19．WhatisJohnsonfamousfor?A．Hisactingtalent．B．Hishumorouswriting．C．Hislongsportscareer．20．WhendidJohnsonjoinSportsTimes?A．In1981．B．In1983．C．In1985．第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge．We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting，andseedcollection．HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys．GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance．PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm．AGE，SKILLS，WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome．ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15．BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm．Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned．We'llbeworkingrainorshine．Wearclothesthatcangetdirty．Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary．Bringapersonalwaterbottle，sunscreen，andlunch．Noexperiencenecessary．Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided．Fulfills(满足)communityservicerequirements．UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSunday，Jan．15BatteryAlexanderTrailhead10：00am－1：00pmSunday，Jan．22StinsonBeachParkingLot10：00am－2：30pmSunday，Jan．29CoyoteRidgeTrailhead9：30am－2：30pm【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。HabitatRestorationTeam招募志愿者，列出了一些对志愿者的要求以及将来要做的一些事情的具体要求。21．WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．Todiscovermineralresources．B．Todevelopnewwildlifeparks．C．Toprotectthelocalecosystem．D．Toconductbiologicalresearch．C[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“HelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge．”可知，HabitatRestorationTeam的目的是帮助恢复和保护马林的一些自然区，也就是保护当地的生态系统。故选C项。]22．WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A．5．B．10．C．15．D．18．B[细节理解题。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING下列出的第一、二条可知，10岁是志愿者的年龄下限。故选B项。]23．Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A．Bringtheirowntools．B．Workeveninbadweather．C．Wearateamuniform．D．Doatleastthreeprojects．B[细节理解题。根据AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING下列出的第三条“We'llbeworkingrainorshine．Wearclothesthatcangetdirty．Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary．”可知，不管下雨天还是晴天，志愿者都要工作。故选B项。]B“Iamnotcrazy，”saysDr．WilliamFarber，shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)onarabbit．“Iamaheadofmytime．”Ifheseemsalittledefensive，itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods．ButFarberiscertainhe'llhavethelastlaugh．He'soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing“holistic”medicine—combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)andherbalmedicine．Farber，agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity，startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian．Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain．Hetriedmuscle­relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief．Thenhetriedacupuncture，anancientChinesepractice，andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments．Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients．So，afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears，hebeganofferingthemtopets．LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition．AfterCharliehadaheartattack，Tindalesays，shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep，butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths．AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse，Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment．Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime，andifthepastisanyindication，hemayberight：Since1982，membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700．“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell，”hesays．“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal．That'smyjob．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了兽医Dr．WilliamFarber正在利用“整体”医学来治疗动物，“整体”医学就是将传统的西方疗法与针灸、按摩疗法和草药结合起来。24．WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?A．He'sodd． B．He'sstrict．C．He'sbrave． D．He'srude．A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“evensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods”可知，他的一些同事会嘲笑他的不寻常的治疗方法，所以Farber的一些同事认为他很古怪。故选A项。]25．WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A．Hewastrainedinitatuniversity．B．Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian．C．Hebenefitedfromitasapatient．D．Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners．C[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，20年前，Farber患上了严重的背痛，他尝试了肌肉放松药物，但收效甚微。后来，他尝试了针灸，惊奇地发现经过两三次治疗后，他的疼痛有所缓解。所以他决定给他的“病人”使用针灸疗法。也就是说，他自己从针灸中受益。故选C项。]26．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Stepsofachiropractictreatment．B．Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work．C．Examplesofrareanimaldiseases．D．Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine．D[段落大意题。第三段主要举了两个Farber利用“整体”医学有效治疗动物的例子。这也是整体医学所取得的效果。故选D项。]27．WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A．ToproveFarber'spoint．B．Toemphasizeitsimportance．C．Topraiseveterinarians．D．Toadvocateanimalprotection．A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Farberiscertain．．．Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700．”可知，自1982年以来，美国整体兽医医学协会的会员从30个增加到700多个。这说明美国整体兽医医学逐渐受到欢迎，证明了Farber利用“整体”医学来治疗动物是正确的。故选A项。]CIscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper？Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial？Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften“no．”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors，includingreducedconcentration，anentertainmentmindset(心态)andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent．Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore，learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaperthanonscreen．Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding．Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshine_throughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext．Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties．Withpaper，thereisaliterallayingonofhands，alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages．Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage．Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect．Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowinghypothesis(假说)．”Accordingtothistheory，peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia，whichareoftennotsoserious，anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint．Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext，andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say，assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson．However，psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories，theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces．Digitaltexts，audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles，especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint．However，formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor，educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame，evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者认为印刷文本比电子类文本更有利于学习。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A．Seemunlikelytolast．B．Seemhardtoexplain．C．Becomereadytouse．D．Becomeeasytonotice．D[词义猜测题。根据第二段的第一句可知，当阅读几百字或更多文字的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上更成功。画线短语所在句句意为：当实验者从完成简单的任务(如确定阅读段落的主要思想)到需要抽象思想的任务(如从文本中推断)时，印刷文本阅读的益处尤为明显。由此可知，shinethough表示“表现出来，容易注意到”。故选D项。]29．Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?A．Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly．B．Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand．C．Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly．D．Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia．A[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint．”可知，这个“假说”认为：人们接触数字文本时，心态与处理方式往往与不那么严肃的社交媒体相似，他们投入的精力也较少。故选A项。]30．Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?A．Theycanholdstudents'attention．B．Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare．C．Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills．D．Theyaremoreinformativethantext．A[推理判断题。根据第五段第一句中的“Audioandvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext”可知，因为音频和视频比文本更吸引人，所以大学老师使用越来越多的音频和视频。故选A项。]31．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques．B．Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial．C．Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation．D．Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored．C[推理判断题。最后一段中However后面的内容是作者要强调的内容。作者认为：为了最大限度地提高需要集中注意力和反思的学习效果，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇。作者还是强调印刷书籍的作用不可替代。故选C项。]DIntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct，researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords．Today，mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos，videos，andotherdigitalrecords．Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea，anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect．“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication，”saidBarnabasDaru，whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences．“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本)，andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange，Iwantedtoknow：Aretheyusable？”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants，insects，birds，andanimals，Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns．“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data，likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit，”saidDaru．Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation­onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage．Moreover，thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions，timeperiods,andspecies．Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby．Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye­catchingfeatures．Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot，”Daruexplained．“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell­sampled．Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata，biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要说明以照片、视频和其他数字形式记录的大多数生物多样性的记录并不完美。32．Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A．Theyarebecomingoutdated．B．Theyaremostlyinelectronicform．C．Theyarelimitedinnumber．D．Theyareusedforpublicexhibition．B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords．”可知，目前大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。这说明这些记录主要是电子形式的。故选B项。]33．WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies．B．Physicalspecimens．C．Observationaldata．D．Mobileapplications．C[推理判断题。根据第二段中Daru说的话可知，他的研究越来越多地使用观察数据来调查物种是如何对全球变化做出反应的，故选C项。]34．Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A．Mistakesindataanalysis．B．Poorqualityofuploadedpictures．C．Improperwayofsampling．D．Unreliabledatacollectiondevices．C[细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，不恰当的采样方式导致了偏差。故选C项。]35．WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A．Reviewdatafromcertainareas．B．Hireexpertstochecktherecords．C．Confirmtheidentityoftheusers．D．Giveguidancetocitizenscientists．D[细节理解题。根据最后一段Daru的解释，生物多样性应用程序可以使用他们的研究结果来告知用户哪些区域被过度采样，并引导他们到那些采样不足的地方或物种进行采样。生物多样性应用程序也可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。这表明他的建议是生物多样性应用程序为平民科学家提供指导。故选D项。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers．Ifyouwanttobepublished，it'svitaltosubmitaperfect，professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿)．__36__Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly．Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose­byonmydesk：dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典)．Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker．__37__Ofcourse，thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses，butI'mold­fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers．IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus．__38__Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword，thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar，butnotidentical．Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced．Inaddition，Ihaveanoldtwo­volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary，pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence．Ofcourse，withits2，672pages，it'snotexactlyshort．Itcontainsaround163，000words，pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases．__39__However，ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage，there'snothingbetter．ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755．“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，”wroteJohnson，illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”．__40__Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience．A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary．B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext．C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem．D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread．E．Ofcourse，adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling．F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes．G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要说明自己喜欢用纸质词典以及使用这种词典的好处。36．F[空前面一句提到：如果你想发表作品，提交一份完美、专业的手稿是至关重要的。F选项表示：这意味着语法不错和没有拼写错误。F选项是对前面一句的补充说明，阐明一份完美、专业的手稿是什么样子的。故选F项。]37．B[空前一句提到：“我”不信任“我”的笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。因此设空处应说明检测器不好的一方面。B选项表示：它不考虑上下文。B选项中的“It”指代前面的“spellchecker”。故选B项。]38．E[空后面两句话说明词典应该有准确的释义和读音。后面两句话的主语都是It，设空处应该提到It所指代的物。E选项表示：当然，词典不仅仅是用于拼写的。后面两句中的It指代E选项中的“adictionary”，且E选项的意思和下文相辅相成。故选E项。]39．A[空前内容提到：作者买了两卷本的老词典，有2672页，含有大约163000个词条。空后面一句提到：然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的起源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。由此可知，设空处应表示作者不是经常使用这套比较古老厚重的词典，与后面形成转折。故选A项。]40．D[空前一句提到编写词典是枯燥的。空后一句提到花几分钟时间看一两页词典会是一次很有意义的经历。由此可知，设空处应表示看词典的好处。D选项表示：但读词典是一件乐事。D选项承上启下。故选D项。]第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife．WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriend__41__amarathonrace．Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunning__42__，butthentwothingshappened．First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas__43__fora“super，”referringtoa52.4­miledoublemarathon．Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles．Tobehonest，I__44__it！Betweenthegirlmakingmy__45__seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging，Idecidedthattheonly__46__I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI__47__cycling．Igotagoodbikeandrodealot．I__48__ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister．Whileshewasatworkoneday，I__49__herbikeandwentforaride．The__50__：TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime．I'dneverfacedsuch__51__．Thatday，Igot__52__byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads．WhenIgotbackhome，suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas__53__．I've__54__alotsincethen．I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever__55__Isetformyself，theyjusthavetobemyown．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者以前经常受其他人的影响去做一些事情，但现在自己成熟了，去接受自己设定的适合自己的目标。41．A．knew B．heldC．won D．quitC[根据下文“Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning”可推知，一位社区的朋友赢了马拉松，所以“我”受到激励，也开始跑。故选C。]42．A．regularly B．silentlyC．proudly D．recentlyA[根据上文“Feelingmotivated”可推知，既然被激励了，所以应该是经常跑。故选A。]43．A．asking B．lookingC．waiting D．trainingD[根据设空处所在句句意可知，女孩要跑52.4英里的双程马拉松，所以她要为了成为一名“超人”而训练。故选D。]44．A．made B．believedC．hated D．deservedC[根据下文中的“thepureboredomofjogging”可知，对于这种慢跑，作者是不喜欢的。故选C。]45．A．advantage B．achievementC．contribution D．influenceB[上文提到一天“我”遇到一个女孩，她要跑52.4英里的双程马拉松，而“我”跑的最长距离只有15英里，女孩让“我”的成就看起来很渺小，所以使“我”泄气。故选B。]46．A．way B．riskC．place D．reasonD[根据上文可知，女孩让“我”的成就看起来很渺小，所以使“我”泄气。“我”决定，“我”再一次跑的唯一理由就是如果有一只大狗在追“我”！故选D。]47．A．gaveup B．wentonC．turnedto D．dealtwithC[上一段最后提到“我”放弃跑步了，所以此处指“我”转向了骑行。故选C。]48．A．heard B．dreamedC．complained D．approvedB[上文提到“我”有一辆好自行车并且骑了很多次。所以此处指“我”梦想着参加自行车比赛。故选B。]49．A．painted B．borrowedC．bought D．parkedB[根据设空处所在句中的“Whileshewasatworkoneday”和“herbikeandwentforaride”可知，一天她上班的时候，“我”就借用了她的自行车去骑行。故选B。]50．A．problem B．secretC．principle D．adviceA[根据设空处后面的内容可知，那里的道路穿过大山谷，“我”每次都要骑行好几英里的上坡路，这对“我”来说是一个问题。故选A。]51．A．dangers B．eventsC．opponents D．challengesD[根据上文“whereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime”可知，骑上坡路好几英里对“我”来说是很大的挑战。故选D。]52．A．passed B．convincedC．admired D．stoppedA[根据设空处所在句中的“byabout100‘local’bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads”可知，此处指作者被他们超过了。故选A。]53．A．reliable B．convenientC．familiar D．appealingD[根据上文可知，因为骑车上山对“我”来说很难，“我”被当地的约100个骑行者超过，所以骑自行车对我来说也不吸引人了。故选D。]54．A．traveled B．maturedC．missed D．worriedB[前文提到其他人总是激励“我”也会使“我”泄气。这使“我”不能坚持自我，自己也不成熟。此处指经历了这些事情后，“我”变得成熟了。故选B。]55．A．limits B．datesC．goals D．testsC[以前的“我”总是受其他人的影响去做或放弃某事，但现在“我”已经接受“我”为自己设定目标，它们都必须是“我”自己的目标。故选C。]第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HeatherwickStudiorecentlybuiltagreenhouseattheedgeoftheNationalTrust'sWoolbedingGardens．Thisbeautifulstructure，namedGlasshouse，isatthecentreofanewgardenthatshowshowtheSilkRoadinfluencesEnglishgardenseveninmoderntimes．Thelatest56．________(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective57．________(function)structurethatisalsobeautiful．Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝)．Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays58．________(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair．Incoldweather，thestructurestays59．________(close)toprotecttheplants．Further，theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60．________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad，bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61．________firsttime．TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern62．________(favourite)suchasrosemary，lavenderandfennel．ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad．Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee，too．TheGlasshousestands63．________agreatachievementincontemporarydesign，tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute64．________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchofthe65．________(rich)ofgardeninginEngland．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能以及它如何与古丝绸之路的历史和丝绸花园相结合。56．engineering[考查词性转换。engineer作名词讲时，意为“工程师”；作动词讲时，意思是“设计，建造”。engineering是名词，意思是“工程；工程学”。此处应用名词修饰名词，engineeringtechniques意为“工程技术”。故填engineering。]57．functional[考查词性转换。此处用形容词修饰后面的名词structure，function作名词讲时，意为“功能，作用”，它的形容词形式是functional，意为“功能的，职能的，实用的”。functionalstructure意为“功能建筑物”。故填functional。]58．togive[考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式表示目的。故填togive。]59．closed[考查形容词。句意：在寒冷的天气里，这个建筑物会保持关闭以保护植物。此处stays是系动词，stays相当于is。其后接形容词表状态。close的形容词形式为closed，表示“封闭的；不开放”。故填closed。]60．walks[考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语。根据后面的句子中的谓语可知，此处用一般现在时。句子主语是“theSilkRouteGarden”，是单数形式，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。]61．the[考查冠词。forthefirsttime意思是“第一次”，是固定搭配。故填the。]62．favourites[考查名词复数。根据“suchas”后面列举的多个事物，所以最喜爱的东西不止一个，用favourite的复数形式。故填favourites。]63．as[考查介词。standas意为“作为……而存在”。故填as。]64．that/which[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometo．．．England”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theSilkRoute。设空处在定语从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。]65．richness[考查词性转换。根据空前面的“muchofthe”以及空后面的“of”可知，此处需填名词，且是不可数名词。rich的名词形式是richness，意思是“丰富”。故填richness。]第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：(1)你完成的作品；(2)你的感想。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式作答。DearChris，I'mwritingtosharewithyouanartclassIhadinaparklastFriday．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua[参考范文]Dear_Chris，I'm_writing_to_share_with_you_an_art_class_I_had_in_a_park_last_Friday．_Wewereaskedtodraworpaintsomethingthatimpressedusmost．Inspiredbythefantasticscenery,Ideterminedtocreateawatercolorpaintingofthepondinthepark．Withtreesreflectedintheclearwater,itwasreallyfascinating．AfterIfinishedit,myartteacherthoughthighlyofitbecauseitwastruetolife．Theexperiencewasmeaningful．Beingexposedtonaturenotonlysparkedmycreativitybutalsomademeadmirescenery．Inaword,thisspecialartclassgotmetolovenatureaswellasart．Yours，Li_Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ImetGunteronacold，wetandunforgettableeveninginSeptember．IhadplannedtoflytoViennaandtakeabustoPragueforaconference．Duetoabigstorm，myflighthadbeendelayedbyanhourandahalf．ItoucheddowninViennajust30minutesbeforethedepartureofthelastbustoPrague．ThemomentIgotofftheplane，Iranlikecrazythroughtheairportbuildingandjumpedintothefirsttaxiontherankwithoutasecondthought．ThatwaswhenImetGunter．ItoldhimwhereIwasgoing，buthesaidhehadn'theardofthebusstation．Ithoughtmypronunciationwastheproblem，soIexplainedagainmoreslowly,buthestilllookedconfused．WhenIwasabouttogiveup，Gunterfishedouthislittlephoneandrangupafriend．Afteraheateddiscussionthatlastedforwhatseemedlikeacentury,Gunterputhisphonedownandstartedthecar．Finally，withjusttwominutestosparewerolledintothebusstation．Thankfully，therewasalongqueue(队列)stillwaitingtoboardthebus．Gunterparkedthe