2024-2025学年高中英语Unit5Firstaid单元加餐练新人教版必修5

PAGE1-单元加餐练Ⅰ.阅读理解Sunstrokeisaconditionthatcanquicklygofromdangeroustodeadly,especiallyifpropercareisn'tgivenimmediately.Sunstroke,sometimescalledheatstroke,isaresultofthebodytemperaturerisingabovethesafelimit.Thiscausesthebody'snecessaryfunctionstostopworking.It'susuallyprettyeasytoavoidsunstroke,aslongasproperactionistaken.Inthatcase,youneedtoactasquicklyaspossibletoreturnthatperson'sbodytoasafetemperature.Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.CallforhelpCalltogetanambulanceasquicklyaspossible.Thisshouldbethefirstthingyoudo,especiallyifthesunstrokepersonhasfainted(昏倒).Also,callforhelpfromanyonenearbyifyou'reinapublicplace.Ifthere'snoonearound,callsomeonenearbyiftheycangettheresoonerthananambulance.Askeveryonetobringyouasmuchwateraspossible,ifthereisn'tmuchnearby.GetthepersontoacoolerareaIfthere'sabuildingnearby,aimforthat.Anywherewithplentyofairconditionersandwaterisperfect.Ifabuildingisn'tavailable,bringthepersontoawell­shadedarea.GetthewaterflowingIfthepersonisstillconscious,gethimorhertodrinkwater.Ifthere'sabathtubavailable,fillitwithcoolwaterandputthepersoninit.Ifyourwatersupplyislimited,youhavetosaveit.Dampenatowelorshirtandputitontheperson'sbody.Focusontheface,neck,andchest.FanthepersonGettingmovingairoverthepersoncoolshimorherdown.Useanything,atowelorsheet,ashirt,yourhands,orapieceofboard.Thisiswherehavingmanypeoplearoundreallyhelps,astheycancombinetofantheentirebody.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中暑的危害以及中暑后的一些急救措施。)1．Whendoesapersongetsunstroke?A．Whenthebodydoesn'tfunction.B．Whenpropercareisgivenimmediately.C．Whensomeoneisexposedtothesuntoolong.D．Whenthebodytemperaturegoesupbeyondwhatonecanbear.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据其次段的第一句可知，当人体的体温超过所能承受的平安极限时，就会中暑，即D项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?A．Callforassistancefromothers.B．Leavethesunstrokepersonintheshade.C．Putawettowelontheperson'sface.D．Helpthepersontakesomemedicine.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据Callforhelp下的“callforhelpfromanyone”可知A项提到；依据Getthepersontoacoolerarea中的第三句可知B项提到；依据Getthewaterflowing中的其次段的其次、三句可知C项提到；D项在文章中没有提到。3．Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A．Thefirstaidforsunstroke.B．Thecausesofsunstroke.C．Thechiefsymptomsofsunstroke.D．Theessentialpreventionofsunstroke.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了何为中暑以及中暑的危害，结合第三段的最终一句“Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.”可知，下文讲解并描述的是中暑时须要实行的急救措施，即A项正确。4．Thetextprobablycomesfroma(n)________.A．guidebook B．bookreviewC．medicalmagazine D．officialdocument解析：选C文章出处题。文章主要介绍了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相关学问，故有可能选自一本医学杂志，即C项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理学家)havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.__1__Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn'tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.__2__Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(咖啡师)reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易).__3__Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.__4__Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露).Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.__5__A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B．Butdon'tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.C．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.D．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.E．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.F．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”．G．Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.语篇解读：闲谈能够促进人与人之间的关系，使人变得欢乐。1．选B设空前一句提到闲谈只占与欢乐相关的对话的10%，设空后一句又提到科学家认为闲谈可以促进人与人之间的关系，设空处应说明要重视闲谈，故B项(但不能贬低闲谈)符合语境。2．选D依据设空前一句可知，心理学家在芝加哥的乘客中做了一项试验，故此空应描述试验结果，故D项(那些被告知要和其他人闲聊的乘客觉得旅途更开心)符合语境。3．选A依据下文中的“gallerygoers”定位至A项(这种状况也同样出现在常去画廊的人身上)，分析设空前和设空后的两个例子可知，两者均是为了证明闲谈能帮助人们与四周环境产生联系。故选A项。4．选G依据下文中的“lesscurious”和“curious”可知，本段存在比较关系，G项中的betterthan与之相呼应。故选G项。5．选F依据设空前一句可知，被认为带着“新奇心”的人在把一般对话转变成个人沟通时并不须要外在帮助，故F项(作者得出结论：带着新奇心往往会引起主动的社交互动)符合语境，该项中的curious及interactions与本段中的curious及closeness相照应。Ⅲ.完形填空Notsolongago,aterriblefirebrokeoutinanapartmentinthecityofPitesti,justwestofBucharest.Innotime,__1__werewelcomedby5­meter­tallflamesandroaringsmoke.__2__，usingtheiradvancedequipment,theyquicklybroughtthebeastunder__3__.Theapartment'sownerMr.Petriandhislovelydog,Sandy,werethe__4__ofthebigfire.Localfirefightinghero,CostacheMugurel__5__hiswaythroughthecruelflamestorescuethemanandhispet.Mr.Petri,__6__injuredinthefire,wasrushedtohospital.Sandyfellover__7__breathingintoomuchsmokeandlifelesslylayontheroadside.Mugurel,rememberinghisCPR(心肺复苏术)training,passionately__8__thechestofthedog,desperatelytryingto__9__hislife.Andhebegantolosehopeaftermany__10__.Hewasphysicallyandmentally__11__.Finallyheperformedmouth­to­mouthonthedog,screaming“__12__getsleftbehind！”Unexpectedlythedog__13__himselfandbeganpanting(喘气).TheonlookingcrowdcheeredandMugurelbegantoweepwith__14__.Hehurriedlycarriedhimtotheawaitingvet(兽医)．Like__15__，thestoryofMugurelandhisnewfoundfriendspreadaroundthecity.HisFacebookwas__16__wordsofgratitude,lovingemoticons(表情符号)andnotesfromfriendsandfansalike.Accordingtovetexperts,recoveringanimalsviaCPRisrather__17__.TheAmericanHeartAssociationcalculatesthatonlylessthan6percentofcatsanddogssurviveifthey__18__heartattacks.Therehavebeenmanystoriesrelatedto__19__inPitesti,butnonehavecaughtthe__20__ofthepopulationquitelikeSandy's.语篇解读：皮特什蒂发生了一次大火灾，在这次火灾中房主和他的宠物狗桑迪受了伤，消防员穆古雷尔对昏迷的桑迪进行了心脏按压、人工呼吸，最终把它从死亡的边缘救回。这件事情感动了多数人。1．A.firefighters B．policemenC．friends D．neighbors解析：选A依据下文的“usingtheiradvancedequipment,theyquicklybroughtthebeastunder________”可知，他们利用先进的设备很快把火势限制住了。由此可知，此处指消防员(firefighters)，故选A项。policeman意为“警察”；friend意为“挚友”；neighbor意为“邻居”。2．A.Therefore B．BesidesC．However D．Moreover解析：选C上文提到消防员立即被5米高的大火和浓烟包围，而设空后则说利用先进设备限制了火势，由此可知，上下文是转折关系。therefore意为“因此”；besides意为“此外；而且”；however意为“然而”；moreover意为“此外”。故选C项。3．A.treatment B．controlC．stress D．way解析：选B此处指消防员利用先进的设备将火势限制住了。undercontrol是固定搭配，意为“得到限制”，符合语境。故选B项。4．A.causes B．resultsC．victims D．heroes解析：选C依据下文的“injuredinthefire”可知，房主在大火中受了重伤，故他和他的宠物狗是这场大火的受害者(victims)。故选C项。cause意为“缘由；理由”；result意为“结果”；hero意为“英雄”。5．A.battled B．lostC．pushed D．got解析：选A依据设空后的“cruelflames”可知，火势猛烈，因此消防员是冒着极大的风险冲进火海的。battleone'sway意为“一路奋战”；loseone'sway意为“迷路”；pushone'sway意为“挤过去”；getone'sway意为“为所欲为”。故选A项。6．A.blindly B．hardlyC．slightly D．seriously解析：选D依据设空后的“wasrushedtohospital”以及他的宠物狗躺在路边没有了生命迹象可以推想，男主子受伤严峻(seriously)。故选D项。blindly意为“盲目地”；hardly意为“几乎不”；slightly意为“稍微地”；seriously意为“严峻地”。7．A.after B．beforeC．inspiteof D．incaseof解析：选A“fellover”发生在“breathingintoomuchsmoke”之后，即吸入了太多的浓烟之后倒地。after意为“在……之后”，符合语境。故选A项。before意为“在……之前”；inspiteof意为“尽管”；incaseof意为“万一”。8．A.patted B．beatC．examined D．touched解析：选B依据“rememberinghisCPR(心肺复苏术)training”可知，他要给宠物狗做心脏复苏，因此要拍打(beat)它的胸部。故选B项。pat意为“轻拍”；examine意为“检查”；touch意为“接触；触摸”。9．A.careabout B．takeawayC．save D．stop解析：选C依据下文中提到的消防员为了抢救宠物狗而对它进行人工呼吸可知，消防员迫切地要抢救宠物狗的生命。careabout意为“关切”；takeaway意为“拿走”；save意为“挽救”；stop意为“停止”。故选C项。10．A.beatings B．trainingsC．shouts D．attempts解析：选D依据上文他进行心脏复苏可知，消防员为救宠物狗进行了多次尝试(attempts)。故选D项。beating意为“痛打”；training意为“训练；培训”；shout意为“叫喊”。11．A.relaxed B．exhaustedC．concerned D．troubled解析：选B多次尝试之后，他身心俱疲(exhausted)。relaxed意为“放松的”；exhausted意为“乏累的”；concerned意为“关切的”；troubled意为“忧虑的；苦恼的”。故选B项。12．A.Somebody B．EverybodyC．Nobody D．Anybody解析：选C消防员对宠物狗进行人工呼吸是因为不想放弃它的生命，因此他喊道：“一个都不能落下！”故选C项。13．A.cameup B．cameoverC．cameout D．cameto解析：选D依据设空后的“beganpanting(喘气)”可知，宠物狗此时醒悟过来了。comeup意为“走近；被提到；被想起”；comeover意为“来访；探望”；comeout意为“泄露；发行”；cometooneself意为“(昏迷后)醒来；复原知觉”。故选D项。14．A.joy B．pityC．stress D．fright解析：选A经过多次尝试，宠物狗最终醒过来了，人们欢呼雀跃，消防员应当是喜极而泣。故选A项。15．A.wildfire B．windC．disasters D．sounds解析：选A消防员和宠物狗的故事很快传遍了全城，就像野火一样。wildfire意为“野火”；wind意为“风”；disaster意为“灾难”；sound意为“声音”。spreadlikewildfire为固定短语，因此，A项最符合语境。16．A.informedof B．linkedwithC．remindedof D．floodedwith解析：选D依据设空后的“wordsofgratitude,lovingemoticons(表情符号)andnotesfromfriendsandfansalike”可知，这件事传遍全城后，穆古雷尔的脸书网上满是感谢的话语、可爱的表情符号和挚友及粉丝的留言。beinformedof意为“通知”；belinkedwith意为“与……有关”；beremindedof意为“被提示”；befloodedwith意为“充溢”。故选D项。17．Amon B．rareC．practical D．easy解析：选B依据兽医说的话，这只宠物狗能活下来应当是比较少见的(rare)，因为据统计只有不到6%的宠物狗或猫在患心脏病之后能活下来。故选B项。common意为“常见的”；practical意为“实际的”；easy意为“简单的”。18．A.cure B．avoidC．miss D．suffer解析：选D依据设空前的“survive”及空后的“heartattacks”可知，此处指患有心脏病。cure意为“治愈”；avoid意为“避开”；miss意为“错过”；suffer意为“患(病)”。依据语境可知选D项。19．A.fires B．vetsC．dogs D．accidents解析：选C与最终的“likeSandy's”相对应，此处指有许多关于宠物狗的故事，但是没有一个像桑迪的故事这样吸引公众的留意力。故选C项。fire意为“火焰”；vet意为“兽医”；accident意为“事故；意外”。20．A.attention B．meaningC．breath D．heart解析：选A上文提到了消防员和宠物狗的故事快速传遍了全城，由此可知，这只宠物狗的故事胜利吸引了公众的留意力。catchone'sattention是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的留意力”。故选A项。Ⅳ.语法填空Davidwillneverforgetwhathappenedtohimthedaybeforeyesterday.He__1__(eat)somethingathomewhenhereceivedastrangephonecallfromahospital.Thecallersaidhisson__2__(fall)tothegroundunconsciousonthewaytoschooland__3__itwashewhotookhimtohospital.Davidhungupandrushedtohisson'sclassroom,only__4__(find)himlisteningtotheteacherattentively.Hesuddenlyrealizedthathe__5__(cheat),buthefeltrelieved.Justatthattimethephonerangagain,saying,“Yoursonisingreatdangerandheneedsanimmediateoperationwhichcosts48,000yuan.Thedoctorsheresaytheywillnotoperateonyoursonuntiltheyarepaid.”When__6__(ask)fromwherethecallerhadtakenhissontohospital,thecallerrangoff.Davidgaveabigsmileandsaid,“Whatapityitis！”ThecheatermighthavethoughthecouldgetmoneyfromDavid.If__7__，hewaswrong.Suchphonecallsarecommonthesedays,andmanyofDavid's__8__(colleague)havereceivedsimilarcallsrecently.Therefore,allparentsshouldbesensitive__9__suchtrickssoasnotto__10__(cheat)．语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。生活中存在一些骗子，他们通过打电话告知一些父母他们接电话的父母的孩子急需钱做手术等来骗取钱财。本文最终提示父母们不要上当受骗。1.waseating依据下文的“whenhereceived...”推断主句应用过去进行时，构成固定句式bedoing...when...“正在做……这时……”。2．hadfal