历年英语一阅读真题考研2023

历年英语一阅读真题考研2023

历年英语一阅读真题考研2023

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历年英语一阅读真题考研1

Text4

It'snosurprisethatJenniferSenior,sinsightful,

provocativemagazinecoverstory,UIloveMyChildren,IHate

MyLife,“isarousingmuchchatter-nothinggetspeople

talkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythingless

thanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.

Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappy

ormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：

insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredby

moment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasa

past-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceof

raisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat

“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlater

besourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.v

Themagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdinga

cutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-chiIdimageon

newsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewly

千里之行，始于足下。

adoptive-andnewlysingle-momSandraBullock,aswel1

astheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant"news.Practically

everyweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,

smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,

isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenis

equivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?It

doesn'tseemquitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsof

parentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarely

areprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn'thavehadkids,but

unhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethat

childrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：

obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegaping

baby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebrity

magazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugely

unrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemothers

likeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthat

parentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,singleparents

aretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhow

muchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;

yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheir

"own”(read：withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.

It'shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughto

wantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlookso

glamorous：mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.

Butit'sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweek

ofstress-free,happiness-enhancingparenthoodaren'tin

第2页/共17页

somesmall,subconsciouswaycontributingtoourown

dissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience,inthesameway

thatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRachelvmightmake

uslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston.

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisinga

childcanbring

[A]temporarydelight

[B]enjoymentinprogress

©happinessinretrospect

[D]lastingreward

37.WelearnfromParagraph2that

[A]celebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip.

[B]singlemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention.

[C]newsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining.

[D]havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.

38.ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks

[A]areconstantlyexposedtocriticism.

[B]arelargelyignoredbythemedia.

千里之行，始于足下。

[C]failtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities.

[D]arelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife.

39.AccordingtoParagraph4,themessageconveyedby

celebritymagazinesis

[A]soothing.

[B]ambiguous.

[C]compensatory.

[D]misleading.

40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelast

paragraph?

[A]Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourof

celebritymoms.

[B]Celebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowards

childrearing.

[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwith

life.

[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing.

历年英语一阅读真题考研2

第4页/共17页

Text4

Twoyearsago.RupertMurdochsdaughter,spokeatthe

unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourcollapsed,

sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethatthe

mechanisminsocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarketwethe

peoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinuedltsincreasingly

absenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,

couldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismand

freedom.Thissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswounding

companies,suchasInternational,shethought,makingitmore

likelythatitwouldforehadwithwidespreadillegaltelephone

hacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyone

ex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiring

tohackphones,andfindingthepredecessor,RebekahBrooks,

innocentofthesamecharge-thewidedearthofintegritystill

stands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofup

to5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswas

acknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsof

theWorldin2023tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.

Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnot

onlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbuttheterms

onwhichthetrialtookplace.Oneoftheastonishing

revelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwenton

千里之行，始于足下。

inhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthat

sheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofher

successfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intodaysworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paid

executivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensinthe

organizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbeso

surprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeen

thatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.The

wordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,

shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,

sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegraded

tothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,

proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnotto

promotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswritten

ortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthe

questforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothave

hadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,but

sheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceived

traceable,recordedanswers.

36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwas

upsetby

(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.

(B)companiesfinanciallossduetoimmoralpractices

(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

第6页/共17页

(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.

(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrookssdefence

(A)revealedacunningpersonality.

(B)centeredontrivialissues.

(C)washardlyconvincing.

(D)waspartofaconspiracy.

39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrine

shows

(A)generallydistortedvalues.

(B)unfairwealthdistribution.

(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.

千里之行，始于足下。

(D)arigidmoralcode.

40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.

(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

历年英语一阅读真题考研3

Text4

TheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.

Itreportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal2023,the10th

straightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.Meanwhile,

ithasmorethan$120billioninunfundedliabilities,mostly

foremployeehealthandretirementcosts.Therearemany

bankruptcies.Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueeze

betweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreased

demandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,and

aregulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementtheflexibility

toadjustitsoperationstothenewreality

Andinterestgroupsrangingfrompostalunionsto

greeting-cardmakersexertself-interestedpressureonthe

USPS'sultimateoverseer-Congress-insistingthatwhatever

第8页/共17页

elsehappenstothePostalService,aspectsofthestatusquo

theydependongetprotected.Thisiswhyrepeatedattemptsat

reformlegislationhavefailedinrecentyears,leavingthe

PostalServiceunabletopayitsbillsexceptbydeferringvital

modernization.

Nowcomeswordthateveryoneinvolved---Democrats,

Republicans,thePostalService,theunionsandthesystems

heaviestusers—hasfinallyagreedonaplantofixthesystem.

LegislationismovingthroughtheHousethatwouldsaveUSPS

anestimated$28.6billionoverfiveyears,whichcouldhelp

payfornewvehicles,amongothersurvivalmeasures.Mostof

themoneywouldcomefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrate

increaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.The

latterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenof

annuallypre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressinga

long-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.

IfitclearstheHouse,thismeasurewouldstillhaveto

getthroughtheSenate-wheresomeoneisboundtopointout

thatitamountstothebare,bareminimumnecessarytokeepthe

PostalServiceafloat,notcomprehensivereform.There'sno

changetocollectivebargainingattheUSPS,amajoromission

consideringthatpersonnelaccountsfor80percentofthe

agency'scosts.Alsomissingisanydiscussionofeliminating

Saturdayletterdelivery.Thatcommon-sensechangeenjoyswide

publicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.But

postalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleast

intheHouse.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasign

thatlegislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapolitically

embarrassingshort-termcollapseattheUSPS.Itisnot,

千里之行，始于足下。

however,asignthatthey'regettingseriousabout

transformingthepostalsystemforthe21stcentury.

36.ThefinancialproblemwiththeUSPSiscausedpartlyby

[A].itsunbalancedbudget.

[B].itsrigidmanagement.

[C].thecostfortechnicalupgrading.

[D].thewithdrawalofbanksupport.

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,theUSPSfailstomodernize

itselfdueto

[A],theinterferencefrominterestgroups.

[B].theinadequatefundingfromCongress.

[C].theshrinkingdemandforpostalservice.

[D].theincompetenceofpostalunions.

38.Thelong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunions

canbeaddressedby

[A].removingitsburdenofretireehealthcare.

[B].makingmoreinvestmentinnewvehicles.

第10页/共17页

[C].adoptinganewrate-increasemechanism.

[D].attractingmorefirst-classmailusers.

39.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorseemstoview

legislatorswith

[A]respect.

[B]tolerance.

[C]discontent.

[D]gratitude.

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe

text?

[A].TheUSPSStartstoMissItsGoodOldDays

[B].ThePostalService:KeepAwayfromMyCheese

[C].TheUSPS:ChronicIllnessRequiresaQuickCure

[D].ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid

历年英语一阅读真题考研4

Text4

“TheHeartoftheMatter,“thejust-releasedreportby

千里之行，始于足下。

theAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,deservespraisefor

affirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciences

totheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.

Regrettably,however,thereportsfailuretoaddressthetrue

natureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemore

harmthangood.

In2023,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicans

sentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesasking

thatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,state

andlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,

individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnational

excellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipand

education.

Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionon

theHumanitiesandSocialSciences,withDukeUniversity

PresidentRichardBrodheadandretiredExelonCEOJohnRoweas

co-chairmen.Amongthecommissions51membersare

top-tier-universitypresidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,

andbusinessexecutives,aswel1asprominentfiguresfrom

diplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.

Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerallyadmirable.

Becauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformed

citizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthe

studyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistory

andAmericangovernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigital

technologies.

Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcalls

第12页/共17页

forincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherent

curriculathatimprovestudentsabilitytosolveproblemsand

communicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfunding

forteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheir

learningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.Thereport

alsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,

internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroad

programs.

Oneofthemorenovelideasinthereportisthecreation

ofaCultureCorpsincitiesandtownacrossAmericatotransmit

humanisticandsocialscientificexpertisefromonegeneration

tothenext.

Unfortunately,despite2?yearsinthemaking,TheHeart

oftheMatternevergetstotheheartofthematter:the

illiberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcolleges

anduniversities.

ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmericas

collegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodontknow

thecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethus

deprivedofitsbenefits.Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceat

homeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanities

andsocialsciencesasvehiclesfordisseminatingprogressive,

orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressive

interpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthe

propersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeor

classicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-reliance

千里之行，始于足下。

andadistrustofcentralplanning—asfallingoutsidethe

boundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectual

investigation.

TheAAASdisplaysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.

Yetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepth

andbreadthofthechallengethatcongressaskeditto

illuminate.

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor,s

attitudetowardtheAAAS'sreport?

[A]Critical

[B]Appreciative

[C]Contemptuous

[D]Tolerant

本篇文章选自华尔街日报。主要讲的是非自由教育以及”问题核

心”这个报告。

答案解析：

36.选A,该题是细节态度题。并非考察全文的态度，也就是说

要细节定位。依据题干定位原则，定位第一段AAAS消失之处，并且

肯定要找到表示评价的部分。该题迷惑性很强，由于文章在AAAS后

面就又"praise”所以简单误导大家选择答案B"appreciative（观

赏的）”，但是我们应当看到有however,我们知道假如第一段消失

转折，那此转折肯定跟主旨有关。同时各个题都与主旨相关，所以这

第14页/共17页

道题应当于主旨相关，后文中的^maycausemoreharmthangood.

让我们知道它的还多余利，所以答案选择A,批判性的。

37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongressrequiredthatthe

AAASreportonhowto

[A]retainpeople'sinterestinliberaleducation

[B]definethegovernmentJsroleineducation

[C]keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation

[D]safeguardindividualsrightstoeducation

37,选C,细节题。依据自然段定位原则，36题在第一段出题,

38题在第三段出题，那37题在其次段出题的可能性就很大。同时题

干定位“InfluentialfiguresintheCongressw与“leading

congressionalDemocratsandRepublicansv同义替换。定位的答

案是askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenby

federal,stateand….，individualbenefactorsandothersto

askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,

stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,

educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintain

nationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientific

scholarshipandeducation."Inhumanitiesandsocial

scientificscholarshipandeducation."也就是说答案重点在

maintainnationalexcellence冈lj好与选项C中的leading

position进行同义替换。ABD与文章不符合。

38.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereportsuggests

千里之行，始于足下。

[A]anexclusivestudyofAmericanhistory

[B]agreateremphasison