Unit1ScienceFiction-ReadingandThinking单词拓展以及课文短语讲义高中英语人教版选择性

选择性必修第四册UNIT1ScienceFictionReadingandThinking单词拓展以及课文短语积累单词拓展fictionn.小说；虚构的事【形容词】fictional虚构的；小说的【副词】fictionally编造地；杜撰地【动词】fictionalize使小说化，把...编成小说【短语】sciencefiction科幻小说(或影片等)historical/romanticfiction历史/言情小说testout检验；测试【短语】testsb.onsth测试某人某方面的知识bonusn.意外收获；奖金；红利【复数】bonuses(pl)奖金【短语】anannualbonus年终奖anaddedbonus一项额外的好处4．morelike更像是；更接近5．ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的【副词】ridiculously荒谬地；荒唐地【名词】ridiculousness(n)荒谬；荒唐【近义词】absurdadj.愚蠢的；荒谬的【短语】Itisridiculousthat......是荒谬的Itisridiculous(forsb.)todosth(对某人来说)做某事是荒谬的6．integrityn.诚实正直；完整；完好【动词】integrate(v)使...完整；使...成整体【形容词】integral(adj)完整的，整体的【副词】integrally(adv)完整地；整体地7．dignityn.庄重；庄严；尊严【动词】dignify使高贵【形容词】dignified庄严的；有尊严的；高贵的8．salaryn.薪水；薪金【短语】earn/get/receiveasalary赚工资paysb.asalary付给某人工资asalaryincrease/raise加薪9．absurdadj.荒谬的；荒唐的【比较级】moreabsurd【最高级】mostabsurd【名词】absurdity荒谬；荒唐；荒谬的言行absurdism荒诞主义10．appointmentn.预约；约会；委任【动词】appoint任命；委派；指定；约定【形容词】appointed指定的【短语】haveanappointmentwithsb.约会；预约appointsb.as任命某人为……make/arrangeanappointmentwithsb.与某人约会have/makeanappointmenttodosth约定做某事keep/breakanappointment守约/违约byappointment通过预约putoff/changeone’sappointment推迟/改变某人的约定appointsb.tobe/as...任命某人为...appointsb.todosth委派某人做某事11．nailn.指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定【短语】toothandnail拼命；竭尽全力naildown确定；明确12．saleswomann.女售货员；女推销员【反义词】salesmann.售货员；推销员13．guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的【名词】guilt内疚；罪行；罪过【短语】beguiltyof犯有……罪be/feelguiltyabout/at…对……感到内疚asenseofguilt内疚感havefeelingsofguiltabout...对...感到内疚14．suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓【名词】suspension悬浮；暂停；停职【形容词】suspensive暂停的suspenseful悬疑的；令人紧张的；焦急不安的15．laddern.梯子；阶梯16．dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除【近义词(组)】firev.解雇layoff解雇【形容词】dismissive轻蔑的；鄙视的【短语】dismissaclass下课dismissthethough/doubts打消念头/消除疑虑dismiss...fromone’smind不予考虑dismisssb.for...因...解雇/开除某人dismisssb.fromsb’sjob解雇某人17．declarevt.表明；宣称；公布【名词】declaration宣称；声明【短语】declarefor/against公开支持/反对declarewaron对……宣战declarethat...宣称/宣布...declaresb./sth.tobe...宣布某人/物为...Itisdeclaredthat...据宣布...18．whereasconj.然而；但是；尽管19．rumourn.谣言；传闻20．presumevt.&vi.假设；假定【名词】presumption推测；设想21．faren.车费；船费；飞机票价22．weeklyadj.每周的n.周刊23．ona．..basis根据；以……的方式(基准)【动词】base以……为据点【名词】basis(n)基础，基本【形容词】basic基本的；基础的【副词】basically基本上；从根本上说【短语】base……on……以……为基础/根据bebasedon/upon以……为基础/依据24．calculatevt.计算；核算；预测【名词】calculator计算器calculation计算【短语】Itiscalculatedthat……据估算……calculateon/upon……指望；期待becalculatedtodosth旨在做某事课文短语积累explore(v)exploration(n)研究，探究explorer(n)探险者，勘探者inthefuture在未来originate(v)起源，产生(adj)起初的，原先的originally(adv)起初原先pare(v)比较pared(adj)比较的，对照的parison(n)比较，对比satisfy(v)使满意satisfaction(n)满意satisfied(adj)感到满意的satisfying(adj)令人满意的guarantee(v)确保guaranteed（adj）肯定的，保障的，有担保的satisfactuonguarantee包你满意experimentwith……试验……ahouseholdrobot一台家用机器人testout测试especial(adj)特别的especially(adv)特别地，尤其地onabusinesstrip出差persuadesb.todosth说服某人做某事allowsb.todosth允许某人做某事allowdoingsth允许做某事feelalarmed感到害怕alarm(v)使不安，使恐慌alarmed(adj)担心的，害怕的alarming(adj)令人害怕的，令人担心的morelike……than……更像……而不像……facialexpression面部表情embarrass(v)v.（使）尴尬，窘迫；embarrassed(adj)感到尴尬的embarrassing(adj)令人尴尬的embarrassment(n)尴尬，窘迫lookafter照顾，照料disturb(v)打扰，妨碍disturbance(n)干扰，妨碍disturbing(adj)令人不安的，引起恐慌的disturbed(adj)焦虑的，烦恼的ridiculous(adj)荒谬的Itisridiculousthat……荒谬的是……ridiculousness（n）荒谬，滑稽ridiculously(adv)荒谬地，可笑地admire(v)钦佩，赞美admiration(n)钦佩，赞美admirable(adj)令人钦佩的treatsb.with...以...态度对待某人withdignity有尊严地；体面地socialposition社会地位asafavour作为一项恩favour(n)赞同；恩惠；帮忙(v).偏袒;有利于dosb.afavour帮某人一个忙askafavourofsb./asksb.afavour请求某人帮忙infavourof同意;支持inone'sfavour有利于某人owesb.afavour欠某人一个人情favourite(adj)特别喜爱的(n)特别喜爱的人成物favourable(adj)给人好印象的;肯定的，有利的promisetodosth承诺做某事orrather更确切地说ratherthan而不是otherthan除……之外morethan很，非常；超过；不仅仅是lessthan少于；不多于……withwonder惊奇地acpanysb.tosp.陪伴某人去……acpany(v)陪伴；为……伴奏；伴随acpanysb.to……陪伴/陪同某人到……（to为介词)acpanysb.at/onsth用某物为某人伴奏beacpaniedby/with伴随……发生pamy(n)公司；陪伴keepsb.pany陪伴某人forpany作伴panion(n)同伴，伙伴travellingpanions旅伴writeoutalistof……开具一张……的清单godowntown去市中心haveanappointmentwithsb.与某人有约会berudetosb.对某人粗鲁immediate(adj)立即，马上immediately(adv)立即，马上turnaround转身awful(adj)糟糕的，让人讨厌的awfully(adv)可怕地，十分，很，非常bythelookonone'sface根据某人脸上的表情inarelationship在恋爱afterall毕竟，终究plete(adj)完全的pletely(adv)完全地feelguiltyabout/at……(对……)感到愧疚beguiltyof……犯……罪suggest后接宾语从句的用法suggest(v)暗示，表明+陈述语气的宾语从句(v)建议+虚拟语气的宾语从句（that)……(should)do……Itissuggestedthat+主语+（should）do……有人提议……suggestdoingsth建议做某事invitesb.tosp.邀请某人去某地improve(v)improvement(n)提升，改进workon从事，致力于……suspendedfrom……悬挂在……上falloff从……跌落下去eventhough即使managedtodosth设法做某事pushsb.away将某人推开strike.(v)敲,报时;打;撞击;罢工;打动;突然想到:袭击(struck，struck)bestruckby….被……打动Sth.strikess