高三英语读写材料汇编学案-春节+元宵节+寒食节

中国节日文化读写材料汇编春节元宵节寒食节1.SpringFestival春节ThefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonthisregardedastheNewYearoftheChinese–theSpringFestival.ItisthemostimportantandceremonioustraditionalfestivalinChina,justasChristmasDaytothewesterners.

DuringtheSpringFestival,everyfamilyisbusycleaninghouseinthehopeofgettingridofdefilementsandpreventingdiseases.Also,theyneedtopastedoor-god,springfestivalcouplets,andthereversedChinesecharacter"福"(meansblessing),andhangflagsinthehopeofprayingforauspiciousnessintheNewYear.OntheNewYear'sEve,everyfamilyenjoysagranddinner,shootsofffirecrackers,playsdragondanceandliondance,andstaysuplateorallnight.PeoplewillpayaNewYearcalltooneanotherfromthefirstday,anditisnotuntilthe15thdayofthe1stlunarmonth,namely,theLanternFestival,thattheSpringFestivalisended.OntheNewYear'sEve,peopleworkingfarawayfromhomewillmanagetocomeback,regardlessoflong-distancetravel,sothe"GrandDinneronNewYear'sEve"isalsocalled"FamilyReunionDinner".Whateverthefinancialconditionis,everyfamilywillmakethedinnerthemostsumptuousandceremoniousoneintheyear.Hostesseswillfetchoutfoodstuffspreparedinearlytimeandallfamilymemberswillsittogetherandmakedumplingswithhappiness.Attwelveo'clock,whenanewyeardrivesofftheold,everyfamilywillshootofffirecrackerstogreetnewdaysandsendoffoldones.FollowingtheNewYear'sEveisthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival,adayforpayingaNewYearcall(bainian),duringwhichpeoplewillbebusyingivingbestwishestooneanotherbysayingsuchauspiciousphrasesas"HappyNewYear"and"Mayyoubeprosperous",etc.InNewYear'sdays,elderswillputsomemoneyinaredpocket(yasuiqian)andgiveittochildrenasagift.ItisbelievedthatonNewYear'sDayattentionshouldbepaidtoensurenottobreakupanything,orelseonewillmissgoodfortunesinthewholeyear,andthatsweepingthefloorwillsweepoffwealthanddriveawaygoodluck.TraditionalfoodpreparedfortheSpringFestivalvarieswithcustomsindifferentregions.However,thosewithauspiciousnames,meaningsorshapesarefavored,suchas"NewYearCake"(niangaoinChinese,means"higheryear",suggestingbetterfortuneinthenewyear,andhastheshapeofgoldandsilverblocks),dumplings,theshapeofwhichissimilartoingots,suggestingbringinginwealthandtreasure,aswellasfishsymbolizingamassingfortunes.Accordingtohistoryrecords,theSpringFestivalderivesfromgodandancestorworshipsintheShangdynasty.Nowadays,thissuperstitiousmeaninghasfadedawayandisreplacedwithasymbolofunification,happinessandhope.◆Helper:ceremonious[ˌserəˈməʊniəs]讲究礼节的，正式的，隆重的defilement[di'failmənt]弄脏，污辱paste[peist]粘贴，张贴springfestivalcouplet春联reverse[riˈvə:s]（使）颠倒auspicious[ɔ:ˈspiʃəs]有前途的，有希望的sumptuous[ˈsʌmptʃuəs]豪华的,奢侈的foodstuff[ˈfu:dstʌf]食物，食品prosperous[ˈprɔspərəs]繁荣的，兴旺的ingot[ˈiŋgət]（常为砖形的）铸块，锭amass[ə'mæs]积累，积聚\o"真人发音"◆ChineseBriefIntroduction:春节，是农历正月初一，俗称“过年”，是农历新年的第一天，即为岁首。一般从腊月二十三的祭灶到正月十五，也有的是从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月廿三、廿四的祭灶，直到正月十五日元宵节结束，有些地方甚至延续整个正月，但均以除夕和正月初一为节日的高潮。春节时间延续长、地域跨度广，节日活动丰富，是中国最重要、最隆重，也是历史最悠久、最热闹的、最富有特色的传统节日。春节是汉民族最重要的节日。在节日期间举行各种庆祝活动，这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhyisChinesecharacter"福"putupside-down?2.WhyisthedinnerontheNewYear'sEvecalled"FamilyReunionDinner"?3.WhatdopeopleoftendoonthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival?4.Whatdoes"NewYearCake"mean?II.Matchthefollowingnumbersofthepictureswiththeirproperletters:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)A.StayinguptheWholeNightonNewYear'sEveB.SpringFestivalCoupletsC.NewYearpaintingsD.ThePosterBearingtheCharacter"Fu"Paper-cutforWindowDecorationE.PayingNewYearCallsF.SpringFestivalGoodsG.RedpacketsH.GiftMoneytoChildrenI.DinneroftheNewYear'sEveIII.Writtenwork一些外国友人想了解我国过春节的情况。请你根据下面要点写一篇英语短文。1.春节是中国的重大节日。2.节前人们要大扫除。3.全家人在一起吃年夜饭。4.孩子们会到压岁钱。5.年初一穿新衣服，走亲访友,人们见面时，相互拜年，祝福大家在新的一年里的好运气。词数：120左右Suggestedanswers:I.Questions:1.WhyisChinesecharacter"福"putupside-down?Key:BecausewhenoneseestheChinesecharacter“福”putupside-down,hemustbesurprisedtosay“福倒(到)了”.Here“倒”and“到”havethesamepronunciation“dào”inChinesepinyin,whichmeanshappinessiscoming.It'sablessingphrase.2.WhyisthedinnerontheNewYear'sEvecalled"FamilyReunionDinner"?Key:OntheNewYear'sEve,peopleworkingfarawayfromhomewillmanagetocomeback,regardlessoflong-distancetravel,sothe"GrandDinneronNewYear'sEve"isalsocalled"FamilyReunionDinner".3.WhatdopeopleoftendoonthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival?Key:TheypayaNewYearcall(bainian),duringwhichpeoplewillbebusyingivingbestwishestooneanotherbysayingsuchauspiciousphrasesas"HappyNewYear"and"Mayyoubeprosperous",etc.Elderswillputsomemoneyinaredpocket(yasuiqian)andgiveittochildrenasagift.4.Whatdoes"NewYearCake"mean?"NewYearCake",niangaoinChinese,means"higheryear",suggestingbetterfortuneinthenewyear.II.Matchthefollowingnumbersofthepictureswiththeirproperletters:Answers:(1)B(2)D(3)F(4)I(5)A(6)E(7)H(8)G(9)CIII.ReadingandWritingSpringFestivalAsyouknow,theSpringFestivalisthemostenergeticandimportantfestivalinChina.Wecelebrateitcheerfully.ItmaytakeplaceinJanuaryorFebruaryandlastsfifteendays.Beforethefestival,Peopleoftendospringcleaning,anddecoratetheirhouses.OntheEveoftheSpringFestival,peoplestudyingorworkinginothercitieswillcomeback.Intheevening,thewholefamilyaresittingtogethertohavesupper,watchtheSpringFestivalprogramsandsetofffirecrackersuntilmidnight.OnthefirstdayoftheNewYear,allthepeople,oldandyoung,especiallychildrenwilldressupandpayavisittotheirfriendsandrelatives.It’scustomsfortheChinesefamiliestohavedumplingsandgivechildrenluckymoney.Whenmeetingeachother,peopleusuallysay“HappyNewyear”toeachotherinordertowishothersgoodluckinthecomingyear.◆Blessings:1.GoodluckandgreatsuccessinthecomingNewYear.--------祝来年好运，并取得更大的成就。2.Goodhealth,goodluckandmuchhappinessthroughouttheyear.恭祝健康、幸运，新年快乐。3.OnthisspecialdayIsendyouNewYear'sgreetingsandhopethatsomedaysoonweshallbetogether.在这特殊的日子，向你致以新年的祝福，希望不久我们能相聚在一起。4.PleaseacceptmysincerewishesfortheNewYear.Ihopeyouwillcontinuetoenjoygoodhealth.请接受我诚挚的新年祝福，顺祝身体健康。5.AllowmetocongratulateyouonthearrivaloftheNewYearandtoextendtoyouallmybestwishesforyourperfecthealthandlastingprosperity.恭贺新禧，祝身体健康、事业发达。6.PleaseacceptourwishesforyouandyoursforahappyNewYear.请接受我们对你及你全家的美好祝福，祝你们新年快乐。7.OntheoccasionoftheNewYear,maymywifeandIextendtoyouandyoursourwarmestgreetings,wishingyouahappyNewYear,yourcareergreatersuccessandyourfamilyhappiness.在此新年之际，我同夫人向你及你的家人致以节日的问候，并祝你们新年快乐、事业有成、家庭幸福。8.Goodluckintheyearahead!祝吉星高照!9.Mayyoucomeintoagoodfortune!恭喜发财!10.Maymanyfortunesfindtheirwaytoyou!祝财运亨通!11.Iwanttowishyoulongevityandhealth!愿你健康长寿!12.Wishyoujoyatthisholyseason.Wisheveryhappinesswillalwaysbewithyou.恭祝新年吉祥，幸福和欢乐与你同在。13.Mayeverythingbeautifulandbestbecondensedintothiscard.Sincerelywishyouhappiness,cheerfulnessandsuccess.愿一切最美好的祝福都能用这张贺卡表达，真诚地祝你幸福、快乐、成功!14.MaythecomingNewYearbringyoujoy,loveandpeace.愿新年为你带来快乐，友爱和宁静。15.MaytheNewYearbringmanygoodthingsandrichblessingstoyouandallthoseyoulove!愿新年带给你和你所爱的人许多美好的事物和无尽的祝福!

2.LanternFestival LanternFestival,alsocalledShangyuanFestival,iscelebratedonJanuary15ofChineselunarcalendar.ItisthefirstfullmoonnightintheChineselunaryear,symbolizingthecomingbackofthespring.LanternFestivalmayberegardedasthelastdayofSpringFestival,thenew-yearfestivalofChina,inotherwords,theSpringFestivaldoesnotenduntiltheLanternFestivalhaspassed.LastingtoLanternFestival,thebusyatmosphereofSpringFestivalonthatdayshowsnewvisionsandamorousfeelings.LanternFestivalisregardedasagooddayforfamilygather-together.AccordingtothefolkcustomofChina,peopleonthatnightwilllightenupfancylanternsandgoouttoappreciatethemoon,setofffireworks,guessriddleswrittenonlanterns,andeatriceglueballstocelebratethefestival.ThetraditionofappreciatinglanternsontheLanternFestivaloriginatesfromtheEasternHanDynasty,whichhasabearingontheintroductionofBuddhismintoChinaatthattime.ItisaBuddhistconventionthatthemonkswouldvisitBuddhistrelicsandlightenuplanternstoshowrespecttoBuddhaonJan.15.Therefore,Emperorsofthatdynasty,whoweredeterminedtopromoteBuddhism,orderedpeopletolightenuplanternsinbothpalacesandtemplesonthatnighttoshowrespecttoBuddha.Additionally,civilianswereallrequestedtohanguplanternsonthatnight,whichiswhythefestivaliscalled"LanternFestival".IntheSongDynasty,thecustomofguessingriddleswrittenonlanternsonLanternFestivalcameintobeingandpeopleatthattimewroteriddlesonpaperstripsandthenpastedthemonthecolorfullanternsforotherstoappreciateandguess.IntheQingDynasty,fireworksweresetofftoaddfun,andtheLanternFestivalbythenwitnessedarecord-breakinggrandoccasion.ThetraditionaldimsumeatenonLanternFestivaliscalled"yuanxiao"(riceglueball)orcommonlycalled"tangyuan".Ameaningoffamilyreunionandhappinessmaybefeltevenonlyfromsuchname.Yuanxiaohasitsappearancemadeintoaballshapeandwhitesugar,sweetenedbeanpaste,sesameasthestuffing.Besides,walnutmeat,nuts,andevenmeatcanbeusedasthestuffingaswell.Apartfromtheboilingmanner,yuanxiaomayalsobepreparedthroughdeepfryingandsteamingmanners.Astimegoesby,theLanternFestivalhasenjoyedmoreandmorecelebratingactivities.Someplacesevenaddtraditionalfolk-customperformancessuchasplayingdragonlantern,LionDancing,stilting,strikinglandboat,doingtheYangko,andstrikingPeaceDrum.TheLanternFestival,atraditionalChinesefestivalwhichhasexperiencedahistoryofover2,000years,isstillverypopularbothathomeandabroad,andanyplacewhereChinesepeoplelivewillwitnessabusyoccasiononthatday.

DuringtheLanternFestival,Valentine'syoungmenandwomenmeetwiththetiming,theLanternFestivalandbecomeChina's"Valentine'sDay."（491words）◆Helper:amorous[ˈæmərəs]多情的，热情的fancy[ˈfænsi]（构思者）奇特的，[美国俚语]真棒riddle[ˈridl]谜语haveabearingon关系到…，影响到…，有关Buddhism[ˈbudizəm]佛教convention[kənˈvenʃən]会议，惯例，习俗，规矩monk[mʌŋk]和尚，修道士Buddhistrelics['reliks]舍利Buddha[ˈbʊdə]佛，佛陀，佛像civilian[siˈviljən]平民，百姓dimsum[ˌdɪmˈsʌm]点心（中国食品）sesame['sesəmi]<植>芝麻，脂麻stuffing[ˈstʌfɪŋ]填充物，馅stiltstilt]高跷undergo[ˌʌndə'ɡəʊ]经历，遭受，承受◆AdditionalVocabularyfortheLanternFestival:riceglueball元宵lions/dragonsdancing舞狮/舞龙guesslanternriddles猜灯谜playcoupletsgame对对联enjoybeautifullanterns赏花灯exhibitoflanterns灯会walkingonstilts踩高跷landboatdancing划旱船yangko/yanggedance扭秧歌fireworksparty焰火大会traditionalopera戏曲LanternFestival'stemplefair元宵庙会◆ChineseBriefIntroduction:每年农历的正月十五日，春节刚过，迎来的就是中国汉族传统节日之一的元宵节，又称“上元节”。正月是农历的元月，古人称夜为“宵”，所以称正月十五为元宵节。其中吃元宵、赏花灯、猜灯谜等是元宵节几项重要民间习俗。元宵赏灯始于东汉明帝时期，明帝提倡佛教，听说佛教有正月十五日僧人观佛舍利，点灯敬佛的做法，就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛，令士族庶民都挂灯,以后这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐形成民间盛大的节日。该节经历了由宫廷到民间，由中原到全国的发展过程。元宵节赏花灯是一个交谊的机会，未婚男女借着赏花灯也顺便可以为自己物色对象，所以元宵节可以说是地道的中国情人节。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.AccordingtothefolkcustomofChina,whatwillpeopledoonthenightoftheLanternFestival?2.HowdidthecustomofappreciatinglanternsontheLanternFestivalcomeintobeing?3.Doyouknowhowtoprepareyuanxiao?Tellyourfriendshowtoprepareit.4.WhatkindofcelebratingactivitieswillbeheldincelebrationtheLanternFestival?II.Guesslanternriddles1.Whathasamouthandaforkbutnevereats?2.Whathasahandbutcan'tscratchitself?3.Whathasnoskinorbones,yethasfourfingersandathumb?4.Whatpartofawatchwasusedbeforebysomeoneelse?5.Whyisanemptypursealwaysthesame?6.Wherecanyoualwaysfindmoneywhenyoulookforit?7.Whatissomethingthatneverasksanyquestionsbutdemandsagreatmanyanswers?III.Writtenwork元宵节你要带你的美国朋友Tom去街上看活动,并给他介绍该节日的一些相关知识。你可以根据以下要点作介绍:元宵节是中国的传统(traditional)节日,每年正月十五人们都要举办许多活动,比如吃汤圆、赏花灯、猜灯谜、踩高跷、舞狮子等。注意:(1)参考词汇:猜灯谜guessriddles；踩高跷walkonstilts；舞狮子doliondancing；元宵节theLanternFestival(2)可适当发挥；词数:100左右。◆Blessings:1.元宵节之际，祝你心中有首快乐的歌，新年快乐！WishingyouamerrysonginyourheartatLanternFestivalandblessingsallyearlong！2.在元宵节来临之际，祝你平安，快乐，幸福。万事圆！Wishingyoupeace,joyandhappinessandeverythingallthebestthroughLantern!3.致以热烈的祝贺和良好的祝福，元宵节快乐！WarmgreetingsandbestwishesforLanternFestival!4.快乐的元宵之际，谨致我的想念与祝福。ThinkofyouandwishyouaHappyLanternFestival.5.元宵节转眼又到，快乐也到！我们向你及你的亲人们致以最美好的圣诞祝福，愿你在接下来的日子里事业兴旺，幸福美满！ItseemsthatLanternFestivalishereonceagain,anditistimeagaintobringinhappiness.WewishthemerriestofLanternFestivaltoyouandyourlovedones,andwewishyouhappinessandprosperityinthedaysahead!6.愿你元宵节幸福无尽。MayLanternFestivalbefilledwithhappinessforyou.Suggestedanswers:I.Questions:1.AccordingtothefolkcustomofChina,whatwillpeopledoonthenightoftheLanternFestival?Key:Peopleonthatnightwilllightenupfancylanternsandgoouttoappreciatethemoon,setofffireworks,guessriddleswrittenonlanterns,andeatriceglueballstocelebratethefestival.2.HowdidthecustomofappreciatinglanternsontheLanternFestivalcomeintobeing?Key:ItoriginatesfromtheEasternHanDynasty,whenBuddhismwasintroducedintoChina.ItisaBuddhistconventionthatthemonkswouldvisitBuddhistrelicsandlightenuplanternstoshowrespecttoBuddhaonJan.15.Therefore,Emperorsofthatdynasty,determinedtopromoteBuddhism,orderedpeopletolightenuplanternsinbothpalacesandtemplesonthatnighttoshowrespecttoBuddha.Soitwasthecivilians.3.PleaseexplaintoyourforeignfriendswhyweChineseeatyuanxiaoontheLanternFestival?Key:EatingsmalldumplingballsmadeofglutinousriceflourisimportantpartoftheLanternFestival.WecalltheseballsYuanXiaoorTangYuan.Obviously,theygetthenamefromthefestivalitself.Madeofstickyriceflourfilledwithsweetstuffingandroundinshape,itsymbolizesfamilyunity,completenessandhappiness.4.WhatkindofcelebratingactivitieswillbeheldincelebrationtheLanternFestival?Key:Peoplegotostreetswithavarietyoflanternsunderthefullmoon,watchingLionorDragonDance,playingChineseriddlesandgames,stilting,strikinglandboat,doingtheYangko,strikingPeaceDrum,enjoyingYuanXiaoandsettingofffirecrackersandsoon.II.1.Ariver.（河流有河口及分叉处）2.Aclock.3.Aglove.4.Thesecondhand.（此处的second指的是时钟的秒针，英文中的秒针与二手货正巧是同一个字。）6.BecausethereisneveranyCHANGEinit.（因为空的皮夹中绝对不会有零钱/改变。零钱与改变是同一个字“change”.）7.Inthedictionary.III.WrittenworkTheLanternFestivalisatraditionalfestivalinChina.ItfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonthoftheChineselunaryear.Wheneverthefestivaldrawsnear,Chinesepeoplemakesomepreparationsandtakepartinallkindsofactivities,likesinginganddancing.AseveryChinesepersonknows,familiesgettogetheronthedayofthefestivalandeattangyuan.Intheevening,peoplegoouttolookatthebrightandcolorfullanterns,whichisrelaxingandpleasant.InsomepartsofChina,peopletakepartinactivities,suchasguessingriddles,walkingonstiltsanddoingliondancing.Onthewhole,theLanternFestivalisanimportantfestivalinChina,justliketheSpringFestival.

3.ColdFoodDay寒食节 HaishiDay(orColdFoodDay)istheverydayjustbeforetheQingmingFestival(alsonamedTombSweepingFestival,orClearandBrightFestival).Onthedayeveryyear,nofireorsmokeisallowedandpeopleshalleatcoldfoodforthewholeday. Accordingtothelegend,thedayisinmemoryofJieZhituiwholivedintheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770-476BC). JiewasagoodofficialintheJinState,workingforCrownPrinceChong'er.WhenJinStatewasindisorder,Chong'erwasforcedtoleaveforotherstateswithhisfollowersandsupporters,includingJie.Onthewayofexiletheywentthroughallkindsofhardshipsanddifficulties.TosavethestarvingChong'er,JieevencutthefleshoffhisownlegandboiledforChong'er.Afterbecomingtheking,Chong'erbegantoforgetJiesoon.Jiewassosadthathepreparedtoleaveandliveinseclusionwithhismotherinmountains.重耳(献公子)晋文公介子推 Chong'erfeltsoblamworthythatheinpersonwenttothemountainstolookforJie.Foritwasimpossibletofindhimintheendlesstreesandhills,Chong'erorderedtosetthemountainonfire,soastoforceJieout.ButJiedidn'tshowup;heandhismotherwerefoundtobedeadinarmsafterthefirewasputout,togetherwithanotewrittenbyhiminblood:Icutoffmyownfleshtodevotetoyou,onlytowishmykingwillalwaysbeclearandbright."重耳(献公子)晋文公介子推 InordertokeepinmemoryofJieZitui,Chong'erorderedtomakethedayHaishiDay,alsonamedColdFoodDay.AndontheColdFoodDayeveryyear,nofireorsmokewasallowedandpeopleshouldeatcoldfoodforthewholeday. ItwasnotuntiltheQingDynasty(1644-1911)about300yearsagothatthepracticeofHanshi(oreatingcoldfood)wasreplacedbythatofQingming,whichhadnowbecomeanimportantoccasionforpeopletooffersacrificestotheirancestors.(348words)◆Helper:exile

['eksaɪl]\o"真人发音"流放seclusion

[sɪˈklu:ʒn]\o"真人发音"隐居sacrifice['sækrɪfaɪs]\o"真人发音"献祭，供奉\o"真人发音"◆ChineseBriefIntroduction: 寒食节亦称“禁烟节”、“冷节”、“百五节”，在夏历冬至后一百零五日，清明节前一二日。是日初为节时，禁烟火，只吃冷食。并在后世的发展中逐渐增加了祭扫、踏青、秋千、蹴鞠、牵勾、斗卵等风俗。寒食节相传是源于春秋时代的晋国，是为了纪念晋国公子的臣子介子推。晋国公子重耳，流亡外国19年，介子推护驾跟随，立下大功，重耳返国继位，即晋文公，唯忘介子推，想请介子推上朝领赏，介子推坚辞不来，晋文公便亲自去请。介子推就背着老母，躲入绵山。晋文公前往寻找，却怎么也找不到。于是他放火烧山，想把介子推逼出来。不料介子推却和母亲抱着一株大树，宁愿烧死，也不出山。晋文公伤心地下令把绵山改称介山（即山西介休市境内的介山），又下令把介子推被烧死的那一天定为寒食节，以后年年岁岁，每逢寒食节都要禁止生火，吃冷饭，以示追怀之意。◆Exercise:I.Questions:1.WhendoesHaishiDayhappen?2.WhatkindoffoodarepeopletoeatonHaishiDay?3.WhatdoyouthinkofJieZitui?II.TasksofReadingandWriting:阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇不少于150词左右的英语短文。Halloweenisverypopularinwesterncountries.OnOctober31st,dozensofchildrendressedincostumes（节日服装）knockontheirneighbors'doorsandyell"TrickorTreat"whenthedooropens.Piratesandprincesses,ghostsandpopularheroesofthedayallholdbagsopentocatchthecandyorothergoodiesthattheneighborsdropin.Astheygiveeachchildatreattheneighborsexclaimoverthecostumesandtrytoguesswhoisunderthemasks.Todayschooldancesandneighborhoodpartiescalled"blockparties"arepopularamongtheyoungandtheold.MoreandmoreadultscelebrateHalloween.Theydressuplikehistoricalorpoliticalfiguresandgotomasqueradeparties（化妆舞会).Inlargercities,costumedchildrenandtheirparentsgatheratshoppingmallsearlyintheevening.Storesandbusinessesgivepartieswithgamesandtreatsforthechildre