2021-2022学年新疆阿克苏地区拜城某中学高三（上）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年新疆阿克苏地区拜城一中高三（上）第一

次月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Jacob'sPillowDanceFestival

Where：Becket,Massachusetts

When：Jun.15-Aug.24

Eachsuminerjhisinfluentialdancecenterpresentsanumberofclassesandperformancesby

morethan50companiesfromaroundtheworld.Highlights（最精彩的部分）inthisseason

includetheDanceTheatei'ofHarlem'sproductionofAlvinAiley's"TheLarkAscending",

whichopens（hefestival.

Manyeventsarefree.Ticketedperformancesstartat$22,J.

MoabMusicFestival

Where：Moab,Utah

When：Aug.29—Sept.9

Thisareaisbetterknownformountainbikingthanformusic.Butsince1992,ithashosteda

privatefestivalthatbringsclassicaLjazz,Latinandothertypesofmusictotheland.Thisyear

therewillbe16concerts,includingthree"GrottoConcerts",wheregueststakea45-minuteboat

ridedowntheColoradoRivertoperformances.

Eventsstartat$25,.

CheyenneFrontierDays

Where：Cheyenne,Wyoming

When：July19—28

Thereissomethingfbreveiyoneatthis117-year-oldfestivaLfroman"IndianvillageandOld

Westmuseum"tocountryconcerts.Butthecompetitionisstillthemainattraction,with

cowboysandcowgirlscompetingformajormoneyintheworld'slargestoutdoorstage.

Competitionticketsstartat$18,andconcertticketsat.

TheGlimincrglassFestival

Where：Coopcrstown,NcwYork

When：July6-Aug.24

EachsunimenoperaloversfromaroundthecountrytraveltoupstateNewYorktowatch

productionsthatincludestarslikeNathanGunnandGingerCosta-Jackson.Thisyear's

performancesincludeWagner's"TheFlyingDutchman"andVerdi's"KingforaDay",inhonor

ofthe2OOthbirthdaysofbothcomposers（作曲家）.

Ticketsstartat$26..

1.Ifyouareinterestedindanceperformance,whichdatesuitsyoubest?

A.June6.B.June28.C.August29.D.September9.

2.Wherecanyouwatchacompetitionandenjoyconcerts?

A.Becket,Massachusetts.B.Moab,Utah.

C.Cheyenne,Wyoming.D.Cooperstown,NewYork.

3.IfyouarcabigfanofWagner,whichoneshouldyouchoose?

A.Jacob'sPillowDanceFestivalB.TheGlimmcrglassFestival

C.CheyenneFrontierDaysD.MoabMusicFestival

B

TryingtostandoutfrommillionsofvideosonthesocialnetworkingplatformDouyincanoften

bedifficult,butarelativelynewaccount（帐号），whichhasonlybeenactivesincelastycar,has

managed（odosoeasily.

Thestarbehindthisaccountisnotayoungwomanwithaslimfigure,buta70-year-old

woman.WithinjustafewmonthsChenJifanghasallractedover400,000followerswithher

energeticworkouts（锻炼）.ShewasonceevenfeaturedonarealityshowonCCTV.

"ThemaingroupthatIwantedtoencouragewaspeopleaging30to50,"saysChen."Ithink

theywillbeencouragedtoworkoutafterseeingthatagrannylikemecan.Itisnevertoolateto

pursue（追求）goodhealth."

Chen'spassionforexercisingwasbornoutofaneedinsteadofdesiretobecomefamous.Her

healthhadbeenpoorsinceshewasachild.In2018,shewasdiagnosedwithalotofproblems

suchasafattyliverandhyperlipidemia（高血脂）.Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheexercisemore

tostopthefurtherdeclineofheralreadypoorhealth.

OverweightChenstartedwithlightjogging,butafitnesscoachpersuadedhertoenteragymon

Dec29,2018."Everyoneinthegymwasyoung.Thcyweregivingmecuriouslooks,'1recalls

笫2页，共23页

Chen,whowalks3.5kilometersto（hegymeveryday.

Herdailytrainingstartedat8amwith5（）push-ups（俯臣卜｝学）andrunning.Afterashortbreak

at9am,Chencontinuedworkingoutuntil3pm.Shethegymeveiydayin2019.Shealsogave

upherfavoritefoodslikebarbecuedmeatsandspicyhotpot.

Whenherhealthimprovcd,Chcndidmorechallengingworkoutslikewcightlifting.Thrcc

monthslater,shelost28kilograms.Herhealthindexalsoreturnedtonormal.

"Wecannotstopaging,butexercisecanslowitdown,"shesays."Insteadofspendingmoneyon

medicine,itisbeltertospendmoneyonfitness."

4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toattracttheinterestofreaders.

B.Toencouragereaderstoworkout.

C.TopersuadereaderstodownloadDouyin.

D.Tointroduceasocialnetworkplatform.

5.WhydidChendecidetoworkout?

A.Becauseshewantedtoencouragemiddle-agedwomentoworkout.

B.BecauseshewantedtobefeaturedinarealityshowonCCTV.

C.Becauseshewantedtoattractmorefans.

D.Becauseherhealthwasinbadcondition.

6.Theunderlinedword"hit"means：.

A.visitedB.struckC.becamefamousD.defeated

7.Whatisthetitleofthispassage?

A.EasytostandoutthroughDouyin.

B.BettertoSpendMoneyonFitness.

C.ThisGrannystandsoutforworkouts.

D.LoseWeightBeforeYouAreOld.

c

Dr.JohnNkcngasong,hcadoftheAfricaCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,warned

againsta"vaccinewar"anongnations.HesaidonThursdayataWHOmeetingthathe"truly

feelshelpless（hatthissituationisgoing（ogreatlyinfluenceourabilitytofightthisvirus."He

added,"Thereisabsolutelynoneedforushumanstogointoavaccine（疫苗）wartofightthis

pandemic（疫情）.Wev/illallbelosers."

ItisreportedthattheSerumInstituteofIndiaisdelayingmajorexportsofAstraZeneca

COVID-19vaccinetomeettherisingdemandwithinIndia.Thisinstituteproducesthe

AstraZenecavaccinebeingsenttoAfricathroughtheCOVAXprogram.ltisaninternational

efforttomakesurepoorcountriesreceiveenoughvaccines.

SouthSudanreceiveditsfirstshipmentof132,000doses（齐lj）oftheAstraZenecavaccineon

Thursday.TheWHOcalledthearrivala"bigstep"towardequalavailabilityofCOVID-19

vaccinesworldwide.Atleast28ofAfrica's54countrieshavereceivedover16milliondoses

throughCOVAX.

ButCOVAXhasbeenfacingdelaysrelatedtothelimitedworldwidesupplyof（he

vaccine.Africahasreceivedlimiteddosesandmuchlaterthantherestoftheworld.Atleast10

Africancountrieshavenotyetreceivedanyvaccines.

Officialshopetovaccinate60percentofAfrica's1.3billionpeoplebythemiddleofnextyear

tohelpAfricareachherdimmunity（群体免疫），whichmeanswhenenoughpeopleare

protectedthroughinfectionorvaccination,itwillbedifficultforavirustocontinue

spreading.ButthatgoalwillnotbereachedwithoutthewidespreaduseoftheAstraZeneca

vaccine,whichislesscostlyandeasiertostorethanmanyothers.

Expelwarnthatuntilvaccinationratesarehighworldwide.thevirusremainsathreat

everywhere.

8.Whoislikelytowinthevaccinewar?

A.Indians.B.Africans.

C.Vaccineproducers.D.Nobody.

9.WhatisthepurposeoftheCOVAXprogram?

A.Tomakemoneyfromsellingmorevaccines.

B.Tohelpvaccinecompaniesproducemorevaccines.

C.Tohelppoorcountriesgetenoughvaccines.

D.TohelpAfricancountriesdeveloptheirownvaccines.

10.Howcanpeoplereach"herdimmunity"?

A.Bystayingfarav/ayfromotherpeople.

B.Bytakingexercisestoimprovetheimmunity.

C.Bygettinginfectedorvaccinated.

D.ByproducingenoughdosesofAstraZenecavaccine.

11.Thepassagemaybechosenfrom.

笫4页，共23页

A.amedicinebookB.asciencebooklet

C.apopularmagazineD.anewspaper

D

Nomatterhowexcitingspaceexplorationsounds,there'savitalpointaboutitthatneedstobe

considered：foodsupplies.Rightnow,aslronautstypicallyrelyondryfoodinairtightbagsand

cans,sincetherearcstrictweightlimitsonitemstakenintospace.Foodsthatwctakefor

granted,suchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,arcoutofthequestionforspaceexplorers.

Forthosewho'veattemptedtogrowfoodduringspacemissions,they'vefacedmany

difficulties,includingtheabsenceofgravity,andalackofsoiLairandhumidity（i显

度）.However,asShaneTopham,anengineerwithSpaceDynamicsLaboratoryatUtahState

UniversityintheUS,toldNASA,"Growingfoodtosupplementandminimizethefood（hai

mustbecarriedtospacewillbeincreasinglyimportantonlong-durationmissions."

Greateffortshavebeenmadetoexploretheconceptofspacefanning.Recently,ateamledby

FedericoMaggiattheUniversityofSydneyinAustraliafiguredouthowplantscanabsorb

nutrientsfromhumanurine（尿）,asreportedbyNewScientistonMarch27.

Afterover20yearsofexperiments,theresultssuggestedthathumanurinecouldsupplythreeto

fouroutofthesixnutrientsthatplantsneed.Theresearchersalsofoundoutthaturine-fertilized

plantsproducenoharmfulby-products,suchascarbondioxideorammonia（氨）.

AccordingtoNewScientist,humanurineis95percentwater,withtheother5percentcomposed

ofnutrientswhicharcharmfultothehumanbodybutnottoplants.Thcadvantageofthis

urine-fueledlifesupportsystemisobvious：Byrecyclingliquidwasteandproducingfood.an

efficientcyclewillbecreated.

Andmostimportantly,saidNewScientistjhedurationofspacemissionswillbegreatly

extendedto"20yearsofflight",meaningwemayhesoonsendingastronautsonmissionsto

Mars,orevenbeyond.

12.Spacefarmingisimportantmainlybecause.

A.foodbroughtfromEarthgoesbadeasilyduringspaceflights

B.itwillkeepastronautsbusywhentheyareonlong-termspacemissions

C.itcouldprovidefreshfoodandreducetheneedtobringfoodfromEarth

D.it'sawayforastronautstolearnmoreabouttheenvironmentinspace

13.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUniversityofSydneyresearch?

A.Humanurineisharmless(oplants.

B.Humanurineprovidessixnecessarynulrientsforplants.

C.Urinefertilizerissaferandmoreproductivethanchemicalfertilizer.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsonlyreleaseasmallamountofcarbondioxide.

14.Whatisthebiggestadvantageofusinghumanurineforspacefarming,accordingtoNew

Scientist?

A.Itcouldpavethewayforlong-termspaceflights.

B.Itdoeslittleharmtotheenvironmentinspace.

C.Itwillgreatlyreducethecostoffarminginspace.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsarehealthierandtastebetter.

15.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thesignificanceofspacefanning.

B.Apossiblenewwaytogrowfoodinspace.

C.Howtousehumanurinetoproducefoodinspace.

D.Problemsastronautsfacingonlong-termspaceflights.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Individualswhobelievetheirtalentscanbedeveloped(throughhardwork.goodstrategies,and

inputfromothers)haveagrowthmindset(思维模式).Theytendtoachievemorethanthose

withamorefixedmindset(thosewhobelievetheirtalentsareborn).Thisisbecausethey

worrylessaboutlookingsmartandtheyputmoreenergyintolearning.⑴Let'stakealookat

threecommonmisconceptions.

1.1alreadyhaveit,andIalwayshave.Peopleoftenconfuseagrowthmindsetwithbeingflexible

oropen-mindedorwithhavingapositiveoutlook-qualitiestheybelievethey'vesimplyalways

had.Mycolleaguesand1callthisafalsegrowthmindset.⑵Andthatmixturecontinually

evolveswithexperience.A"pure"growthmindsetdoesn'texist,whichwehavetoacknowledge

inorder(oattainthebenefitsweseek.

2.Agrowthmindsetisjustaboutpraisingandrewardingeffort.(3)Inbothsettings,outcomes

matter.Unproductiveeffortisneveragoodthing.It'scriticaltorewardnotjusteffortbut

learningandprogress,andtoemphasizetheprocessesthatyieldthesethings,suchasseeking

helpfromothers,tryingnewstrategics,andtakingadvantageofsetbackstomoveforward

effectively.

笫6页，共23页

3.(4)Missionstatementsarewonderfulthings.Youcan'targuewithvalueslike

growth,empowerment(赋能),orinnovation.Butwhatdotheymeantoemployeesifthe

companydoesn'tcarryoutpoliciesthatmakethemrealandattainable?(5)Organizations(hat

embodyagrowthmindsetencourageappropriaterisk-taking,knowingthatsomeriskswon't

workout.Thcyrewardemployeesforimportantandusefullessonslearned,evenifaproject

doesnotmeetitsoriginalgoals.

A.Theyjustamounttolipservice.

B.Justholdagrowthmindset,andgoodthingswillhappen.

C.Eveiyoneisamixtureoffixedmindsetandgrowthmindset.

D.ButIoftendiscoverthatpeople'sunderstandingoftheideaislimited.

E.Toremaininagrowthzone,wemustidentifyandworkwiththesemistakenideas.

F.Embraceagrowthmindsetandyouwillfeelfarmoreempoweredandcommitted.

G.Thisisn'ttrueforstudentsinschools,andi('snotIrueforemployeesinorganizations.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

YangWenqingistheonlyteacherof(hissmallschool,morepreciselyaleachingcenter,(21)in

DengyunzhaiVillage,LuxiCounty,HunanProvince.

Thetinyschoolwas(22)builtforthisremoteruralareawithasmallandscattered(分散的)

(23).Theschoolarrangesdifferent(24)fromtheneighboringareasintoonesingle

class.Situatedinamountainousregion,thevillageisthehometomany(25)children,asyoung

andmiddle-agedparentshave(26)intocitiesforjobs.

The53-year-oldteachervolunteeredtocometoDengyunzhaiadecadeagowhenLuxiCounty

(27)itsteachingcentertomakeit(28)fortheschool-agechildrennearbytoreceiveeducation.

"I(29)thesecond-gradestudentsfromthefirst-gradeandkindergartenkids,"said

Yang,addingthatshesplitsher40-minuteclasstimebetweendifferentgraders.Besides

Chineseandmath,Yangisalso(30)foratleasttwomusicandartclassesaweek.Inorderto

betterteachthestudents,she(31)trainingprogramsformusicteachersorganizedbylocal

authorities."(32)Iamtheonlyteacherhere,childrenshouldlearnnothingless,"shesaid.

At4：0()p.m.everyschoolday,Yangwalksoutoftheclassroomand(33)theschool

bell.Hearingthebell,thestudents(34)orderlytoreturnhome.Afterthestudentsleave,Yang

wouldcarefullycleanthe(35).Sheisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheschool."Educationcan

changethc(36)ofthesestudcnts.ThebetterfoundationI(37)forthcmjhebrighterfuturethey

canhavethroughfurtherstudy,"Yangsaid.

Yang'sworkhas(38).Foryears,theacademicresultsofherstudentsareamongthebestinthe

wholecounty.Shehas(39jcultivatcd(培养)morethan100children,wholaterwentonto(40)

highereducation.

21.A.interestedB.locatedC.setD.rooted

22.A.speciallyB.poorlyC.terriblyD.hurriedly

23.A.villageB.areaC.populationD.square

24.A.gradersB.villagersC.studentsD.teachers

25.A.worn-outB.lay-offC.left-overD.left-behind

26.A.jumpedB.floodedC.flownD.grown

27.A.setoutB.setoffC.setdownD.setup

28.A.amazingB.fortunateC.possibleD.attractive

29.A.separatedB.differedC.toldD.judged

30.A.considerateB.availableC.responsibleD.respectable

31.A.heldB.madeC.combinedD.attended

32.A.BecauseB.WhetherC.AlthoughD.If

33.A.ringsB.observesC.pressesD.knocks

34.A.standupB.lineupC.speakupD.takeup

35.A.windowsB.floorsC.blackboardsD.classrooms

36.A.futureB.characterC.drcainD.expectation

37.A.paveB.baseC.layD.settle

笫8页，共23页

38.A.turneddownB.turnedupC.paidforD.paidoff

39.A.diligentlyB.successfullyC.frequentlyD.wisely

40.A.exploreB.manageC.adoreD.seek

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.Asthecountdown(倒计时)tothe2022BeijingWinterOlympicscontinues,thenew

high-speedrailwayline(1)(connect)thecapitalwithOlympichostcityZhangjiakou

hasjustenteredservice.ilcutsthetraveltimebetweenthetwofromthreehoursto47

minutes.Butthisisn'ijustanothercommonbullettrain.(2)(consider)tobetheworld's

firstsmarthigh-speedrailwayjhisbeauty,partofChina'sFuxingseries,canrunupto350

kilometersperhourwithout(3)driver.

Sowhatmakesthem"smart"?Well,thetraincars(4)_(equip)with5G

signals,intelligentlightingandsensorstocollectreal-timedataanddetectanyoperational

abnormalitics.Mcanwhilc,cachindividualscathas(5)(it)owntouch-scrccncontrol

panelandwirelesschargingdocks.Thoughthehigh-speedtrainsontherouteare

autonomous,amonitoringdriverwillbeonboardatalltimes.Thetrainscanstart,stopand

adjustautomatically(6)differentspeedlimitsbetweenstations.BackatthestatioiLrobots

andtechnologiesoffacial⑺(recognize)canhelppassengerswithdirectionsjuggage

andpaperlesscheck-ins.

Today,Chinaishometotheworld's(8)(large)high-speedrailnetwork,andthefastest

⑼(commercial)operatingtrain-theShanghaimaglev.AccordingtotheChinaState

RailwayGroup,1,036Fuxingbullettrainshavebeenputintooperationsince2017(10)

theserieswerefirstmadepublic.

(1)

⑵

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(IO)

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：I.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Asweallknow,thefatherofhybridrice-YuanLongpingcultivatedhybridriceandfed

millionsofpeoplealloverworld.Hewasoneofthegreatestscientistin

China.Unluckily,hcpassawayattheageof91,inMay22,2021.Howcvcnhcrdreamwill

alwaysinspiremanypeople.Hisdreamwasthathecojldenjoytheshadeunderthehybrid

rice.Thereisnodoubtthatdreamisverymuchimportant.Asformyself.lwouldliketo

becomeausefullypersonlikeYuanLongpingwhichdidvaluablecontribution.WhatIcan

doisthatIwillstudyhardlyandlearnmoreknowledge.!hopeIcanachievemydrcamone

daybutIwillnevergiveupmydreamnomatterhowdifficultitis.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假如你是光明中学学生李华，你市红十字协会正在招聘英语志愿者，主要职责是在

机场对入境的外国人进行新冠肺炎的防护宣传。请你写一封信，应聘该职位。要点

如下：

1.写信目的；

2.自我介绍（性格、能力、经验等）；

3.表达希望.

注意：1.全文不少于100字；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头已给出。

参考词汇；新冠肺炎COVID-19红十字协会theRedCross

DearSir/Madam,

第10页，共23页

MynameisLiHua,astudentfromGuangmingMiddleSchool.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析

1〜3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（I）B.细节理解题。根据文章Jacob'sPillowDanceFestival部分下的"When：

Jun.l5-Aug.24Eachsummer,thisinfluentialdancecenterpresentsanumberofclassesan

dperformancesbymorethan50companiesfromaroundtheworld."（什么时候：

Jun.15-Aug.24每年夏天，这个有影响力的舞蹈中心都会举办来自世界各地50多家舞

团的课程和表演。可知该节日的时间是从6月15日到8月24日，期间会有来自全世界

超过50个舞团在这个舞蹈的中心展示各种舞蹈。如果是一个舞蹈爱好者可以在6月15

日到8月24日，到这儿来。BJune28（6月28日）在上述时间之内，故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据CheyenneFrontierDays部分下的Where：

Cheyenne,WyomingThereissomethingforeveryoneatthis117-ycar-oldfestival,froman"1

ndianvillageandOldWestmuseum"tocountryconcerts.Butthecompetitionisstillthemain

attraction,withcowboysandcowgirlscompetingformajormoneyintheworld'slargestouid

oorstage.（地点:Cheyenne,Wyoming在这个有着117年历史的节日上,从"印第安村

庄和旧西部博物馆”到乡村音乐会，每个人都有适合自己的东西。但竞争仍然是最吸引

人的地方，牛仔和女牛仔在世界上最大的户外舞台上争夺大笔资金。）可知Cheyenne

FrontierDays在Cheyenne,Wyoming举行,在这个具有117年历史的节目匕从”印度村

庄和老西部博物馆”到乡村音乐会，每个人都可以欣赏到自己喜欢的。但竞赛仍然有主

要的吸引力，牛仔和女牛仔在世界最大的露天舞台上争夺巨额奖金。如果想要看竞赛和

听音乐会可以到Cheyenne,Wyomingo故选C«

（3）B.推理判断题。jgTheGlimmerglassFestival部分下的

Thisyear'sperformancesincludeWagner's"TheFlyingDutchman"andVerdi's"KingforaD

ay",inhonorofthe200thbirthdaysofbothcomposers（作曲家）（今年的表演包括

Wagnefs的”飞行的荷兰人”和Verdi's的"国王的一天”，这两个作品都是为了纪念两个作

曲家的200年诞辰。）可知,如果是Wagner的粉丝，可以参加TheGlimmerglassFestivalo

故选B。

本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个节日的庆祝地点、时间以及每个节日的特色。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正

确的选择。

第12页，共23页

4~7.【答案】A、D、A、C

【解析】（I）A.推理判断题。根据第一段"TryinglosiandoulGommillionsofvideoson（he

socialnetworkingplatformDouyincanoftenbedifficult,butarelativelynewaccount,which

hasonlybeenactivesincelastyear.hasmanagedtodosoeasily.（在社交网络平台抖音上，

想要从数以百万计的视频中脱颖而出通常是很困难的，但一个相对较新的账户，从去年

开始才活跃起来，却很容易做到这一点。）”可推断，此段引起读者的好奇，引起读者

想继续读下去的冲动，想知道这个账户是谁。故选A。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第四段"Chen'spassionforexercisingwasbomoutofaneedinstead

ofdesiretobecomefamous.Herhealthhadbeenpoorsinceshewasachild.In2018,shewas

diagnosedwithalotofproblemssuchasafatlyliverandhyperlipidemia（高血脂）.Thedoctor

suggestedthatsheexercisemoretostopthefurtherdeclineofheralreadypoorhealth.（陈对

锻炼的热情并非出于成名的渴望，而是出于一种需要c她从小身体就很差。2018年，

她被诊断出脂肪肝和高脂血症等很多问题。医生建议她多运动，以阻止她本来就很差的

健康状况进一步恶化。）”可知，陈决定锻炼是因为她的健康状况不好。故选D。

（3）A.词义猜测题。根据前文"Afterashortbreakat9am,Chencontinuedworkingoutuntil

3Pm.（上午9点短暂休息后，陈一直锻炼到下午3点，）”可知，陈应该是每天都去健

身房锻炼，所以hit是"去拜访"的意思。A.visited拜访：B.struck打击;C.becamefamous

变得出名；D.defeated打败。故选A。

（4）C.主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了70多岁的老人因为每天的锻炼身

材苗条而上节目并在抖音平台上脱颖而出的事件。所以“ThisGrannystandsoutfor

workouts.（这位“奶奶”是健身达人。）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了70多岁老奶奶坚持锻炼并在抖音平台脱颖而出。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读•遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~11.【答案】D、C、C、D

【解析】（I）D.细节理解题。根据第一段中"Thereisabsolutelynoneedforushumansto

gointoavaccine（疫苗）wartofightthispandemic（疫情）.Wewillallbelosers.'1（7J

于人类与疫情斗争来说，进行疫苗战绝对没有任何必要。我们都将是失败者。）可知,

是没有人会赢得疫苗战，故选D项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段中"ThisinstituteproducestheAstraZenecavaccinebeing

senttoAfricathroughtheCOVAXprogram.ltisaninternationalefforttomakesurepoor

countriesreceiveenoughvaccines."（该研究所生产的阿斯利康疫苗通过COVAX计划送

往非洲。这是一次国际吁动，以确保贫困国家能够收到足够的疫苗。）可知，这个项目

的主要目的是帮助贫困国家获得足够的疫苗，故选C项。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第五段中"Officialshopetovaccinate（注射疫苗）60percentof

Africa's1.3billionpeoplebythemiddleofnextyeartohelpAfricareachherdimmunity（群

体免疫）,whichmeanswhenenoughpeopleareprotectedthroughinfectionorvaccination,it

willbedifficultforavirusiocontinuespreading."（官员们希望在明年年中前,为非洲13

亿人口中的60%接种疫苗，以帮助非洲实现群体免疫，这意味着，如果有足够多的人通

过感染或者是接种疫苗得到保护，那么病毒的继续传播就会很困难。）可知，想要实现

群体免疫，可通过感染.或者是接种疫苗进行，故选C项。

（4）D.文章出处题。本文是一篇有关疫苗的新闻报道，可能来自于newspaper”报纸”，

A.amedicinebook医学书籍；B.asciencebooklet科学小册子；C.apopularmagazine流行

杂志；D.anewspaper报纸。故选D项。

本文是一篇说明文。主要针对当前疫情期间，疫苗接和以及贫困国家疫苗供应问题进行

报道。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的唁息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12〜15.【答案】C、A、A、B

【解析】（DC.细节理解题。根据第一段Rightnow,astronautstypicallyrelyondrjffood

inairtightbagsandcans,sincetherearestrictweightlimitsonitemstakenintospace.Foods（hat

wetakeforgranted,suchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,areoutofthequestionforspace

explorers.

我们认为理所当然的食物，如新鲜水果和蔬菜，对太空探索者来说是不可能的。目前，

宇航员通常依靠密封袋和罐头中的干粮，因为进入太空的物品有严格的重量限制。可知，

太空农业很重要，主要是因为它可以为宇航员提供新鲜食物，减少从地球带来食物的需

第14页，共23页

要。故选Co

(2)A.细节理解题。第三段最后一句"Theresearchersalsofoundoutthaturine-fertilized

plantsproducenoharmfulby-products,suchascarbondioxideorammonia."(研究人员发现

尿肥植物不产生有害的副产品，如二氧化碳或氨。)可知，将人类尿液用于太空农业的

最大优势是它对太空环境几乎没有危害。故选A。

(3)A.推理判断题。倒数第二段最后一句"Theadvantageofthisurine-fueledlifesupport

systemisobvious：Byrecydlingliquidwasteandproducingfood,aneficientcyclewillbe

created."(这种以尿液为燃料的生命支持系统的优势显而易见：通过回收废液和生产食

物，将创造一个有效的生态系统。)可知，利用人类尿液进行太空农业的最大优势是：

它可以为长期太空飞行创造条件。故选A。

(4)B.主旨大意题。根据文章内容第二段最后，徇"Recently,ateamledbyFedericoMaggi

attheUniversityofSydneyinAustraliahaveworkedouthowplantscanabsorbnutrientsfrom

humanurine(尿)，aswasreportedbyNewScientistonMarch27.最近，一个由Federico

Maggi在澳洲悉尼大学领导的小组研究了植物如何从人体尿液中吸收营养物质，正如新

科学家在27日报道的那样。”可知，木文主要讲述了一种使得在太空上种植植物成为可

能的新方式。故选B。

这是•篇说明文。文章主要讲述了•项最新研究，可能会使在太空上种植植物成为可能。

经过20多年的实验，结果表明人类尿液可以提供植物所需的六种营养中的三到四种。

研究人员还发现，尿肥植物不产性有害的副产品，如二氧化碳或氨。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题

一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能

多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材

料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善

于抓住