2021-2022学年陕西省延安市黄龙县中学高二（上）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

202L2022学年陕西省延安市黄龙县中学高二（上）第一次月考

英语试卷

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

ChenyBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytosecaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersof

Washington.D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonuments

wheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-thecherryblossoms-disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration：3hours(4miles)

Joinaguidedbike(ourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumenisinWashington,D.C.Explore

(hemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateach

stop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration：3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswill

entertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials»and

parks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makeeyelingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration：3hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.Getupclose

tothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequent

stopsarcmadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,

andbottledwater.Allridersarcequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

1.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,

D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

2.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

3.Whichof（hefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

B

Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobebomwithagoodsenseofdirectionandeveniftheyhavejustvisited

aplaceonce,theywillbeabletofinditagainyearslater.

IamoneofthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohaveaverypoorsenseofdirectionandImayhavevisiteda

placetimeaftertimebutIstillmanagetogetlostonmywaythere.

WhenIwasyoungIwassoshythatIneverdaredtoaskcompletestrangersthewayandsoIusedto

wanderroundincirclesandhopedthatbysomechanceIwouldgettothespotIwasheadingfor.

Iamnolongertooshytoaskpeoplefordirections,butIoftenreceiverepliesthatpuzzleme.Oftenpeople

donotliketoadmitthattheydonotknowtheirhometownandwillinsistontellingyouthewayevenif

theydonotknowit；others,whoareanxioustoprovethattheyknowtheirhometownverywell,willgive

youalonglistofdirectionswhichyoucannotpossiblyhopetoremember；andstillothersdonotseemto

beabletotellbetweentheirleftandtheirrightandyoufindintheendthatyouaregoingintheopposite

directiontothatinwhichyoushouldbegoing.

Ifanyoneeverasksmethewaysomewhere*Ialwaystellhim/herthatIamastrangertothetowninorder

toavoidgivinghim/herwrongdirections,buteventhiscanhaveembarrassingresults.

OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhenIwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimto（he

SunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealized（hathehad

askedfbrdirectionstomyofficebuilding.However,atthispoint,Idecideditwastoolatetoturnbackand

searchhimoutofthecrowdbehindme,asIwasgoingtomeetwithsomeoneattheofficeandIdidnot

wanttokeephimwaiting.

Imaginemyembarrassmentwhenmysecretaryshowedintheverymanwhohadaskedfordirectionsto

myofficeandhisastonishmentwhenherecognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.

4.Theauthorseemstobeveryfrustrated（沮丧的）bythefactthat.

A.heispooratgivingdirections

B.heistooshytoaskfordirectionstoimprovehissenseofdirection

C.heisjealous（嫉妒的）ofthosewhohaveexcellentsenseofdirection

D.heisnotbornwithanadequatesenseofdirection

5.Theauthorprefersnottoaskthewaynowbecause.

A.heknowsmanypeoplearejustlikehim

B.hehasbeenusedtogettinglost

C.hefindsithardtotruststrangers

D.fewpeoplecangiveeffectiveinstructions

6.Anexampleisgiventoshowtheauthor's.

A.embarrassingencounter（遇见）B.successfulescape

C.poorsenseofdirectionD.stupidresponse

7.Thetoneofthestoryis.

A.helplessB.proudC.anxiousD.humorous

c

AmericanwriterToniMorrisonwasborninOhioin1931.Shev/asraisedinanAfricanAmericanfamily

filledwithsongsandstoriesofSouthernmyths,whichlatershapedherprose（散文）.Herhappyfamily

lifeledtoherexcellentperformanceinschool,althoughtherewasanatmosphereofracialdiscrimination

（种族歧视）inthesociety.

Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Morrisonstartedtoworkasateacherandgotmarriedin1958.Severalyears

later,hermarriagebegantofail.Forashorttermescape,shejoinedasmallwriters'group,inwhicheach

memberwasrequiredtobringastoryorpoemfordiscussion.Shewroteastorybasedonthelifeofagirl

sheknewinchildhoodwhohadprayedtoGodforblueeyes.Thestorywaswellreceivedby（hegroup»

butthensheputitaway»thinkingshewasdonewithit.

In1964,Morrisonendedhermarriageanddevotedherselftowriting.Oncday,shedustedoffthestoryshe

hadwrittenforthewriters'groupanddecidedtomakeitintoanovel.Shedrewonhermemoriesfrom

childhoodandexpandeduponthemusingherimaginationsothatthecharactersdevelopedalifeoftheir

own.TheBluestEyewaseventuallypublishedin1970.

From1970to1992,Morrisonpublishedfivemorenovels.Inhernovels,Morrisonbringsindifferent

elements（要素）oftheAfricanAmericanpast,theirstruggles,problemsandculturalmcmory.InSong

ofSolomon,forexample,Morrisontellsthestor5/ofanAfricanAmericanmanandhissearchforidentity

inhisculture.Thenovelsandotherworkswonherseveralprizes.In1993,MorrisonreceivedtheNobel

PrizeinLiterature.SheistheeighthwomanandthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantowinthehonor.

8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThelifeofblackpeopleintheUS.

B.ThelifeofanAfricanAmericanwriter.

C.ThehistoryofAfricanAmericanculture.

D.ThebirthoftheNobelPrizeinLiterature.

9.Accordingtothetext,whathadaneffectonToniMorrison'swritingstyle?

A.Racialdiscrimination.

B.Herexcellentperformanceatschool.

C.Songsandstoriesshelearntfromherfamily.

D.GoodandpeacefulatmosphereinOhio.

10.Morrisonjoinedthewriters'groupinorderto.

A.publishTheBluestEye

B.fightracialdiscrimination

C.becomeaprofessionalwriter

D.getawayfromherunliappymarriage

11.Accordingtothetext,whatisoneofthethemesinMorrison'sworks?

A.AnAfricanAmericanman'ssearchforidentity.

B.DivorcedblackwomeninAmericansociety.

C.SongsandstoriesofAfricanAmericansinOhio.

D.HistoryofAfricanAmericansfromthe1970slothe1990s.

D

Self-drivingcarsmightmakeyourfuturetravelalotmorepleasant,buttheywon'treduce（缓解）traffic.

Carproducershavementionedthattrafficreductionisoneofthemanyadvantagesofhavingself-driving

carsontheroad.Theideaisthatself-drivingcarswillreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanmistakes.But

expertssayself-drivingcars'influenceontrafficwillprobablybebad.

LewFulton,aco-directoratUCDavis'InstituteofTransportationStudies（ITS）,saidthatself-driving

carswon'tfixtrafficproblemsunlessapricingsystemispulinplacethatdiscouragesself-drivingcars.For

example,manycompaniesareinterestedinprogrammingself-drivingcarslodosomething,whichcould

increasetrafficontheroad,Fultonsaid.

Massachusettslawmakershavealreadysuggestedintroducingalax（税）ondriverlesscars.Itcallsfor

alleast$0.025permile.

Trafficjams（堵塞）couldalsoworsenascompanieslikeLucidMotorstrytoproduceself-drivingcars

withrecliningscats（可躺座椅）.Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitiesiftheycantravel

incarsthatallowthemlosleepandrelax.But（hatincreases（henumberofpeopletravellinginandoutof

citiesduringrushhour,Fultonsaid.

Withoutthecostofadriver,Fultonsaidheworriesself-drivingUbersorLyftswillbecomesocheapthat

itwillbehardtopushpeopletochoosecar-sharingserviceslikeuberPOOL."Ithinkit'sgoingtotake

somekindofpricingsystem（hutdiscouragescarswithoutasinglepassenger,"hesaid.

Somecitieshavealreadystartedprogrammesthatdiscouragepeoplefromtakingcartripsalone.For

example,ChicagoandNewYorkCityhavesetuplanes(车道)thatsingle-passengercarsmustpaysome

moneytouse.Thatmoneyincreasesduringrushhour.

12.Whatdocarproducersthinkofself-drivingcars?

A.Theyaresafe.B.Theyarefast.

C.I'hcysavebuyersmonsy.D.Theyincreasetrafficslightly.

13.WhatdoMassachusettslawmakerssuggest?

A.Introducingataxoncarproducers.

B.Increasingthesellingpriceofself-drivingcars.

C.Pushinguptherunningcostsofself-drivingcars.

D.Callingfordriverstoavoidtravellingduringrushhour.

14.Whatwillhappenifthereareself-drivingcarswithrecliningseats?

A.Morepeoplewilllive:ncitycentres.

B.Peoplewillspendlessmoneyontransport.

C.Peoplearelikelytotravellongerdistances.

D.Therewillbelightertrafficduringrushhour.

15.What'sthebesttitlefor(he(ext?

A.Whatcarswillwedriveinthefuture?

B.Wherewillwe(ravelv/ilhself-drivingcars?

C.Howcanself-drivingcarssolvetrafficproblems?

D.Whyself-drivingcarscouldbeterriblefortraffic?

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeedJWithsuchbusylives,itcanhehardtotry

andfindthetimetoworkout.(1)Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyordbeing

physicallyfit.

Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisahead

ofyoufortheday.(2)

Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.(3)Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbe

gettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsfor(hewholeday,notinyoursleep.

(4)Studiesfound(hatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetter(han(hosewhoexercisedinthe

evening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouarcvery

excited.

(5)Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoices

throughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwantto

continuetofocusonpositivechoices.

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemomings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyand

pushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.

B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.

C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.

E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.

F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetobumcaloriesthroughouttheday.

G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnowdhenlistenup!

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.ldecidedto(2l)acarbecausewehadsoldtheone

wehadinEnglandbefore(22)liome.Yesterdaythesalesofficerangustosaythecarwas(23)Ihadtriedout

amodellikeitbefore,butas1wasnotyct(24)drivinginthiscity,mywifedidnotwantmetocollect

it(25)sowewenttogetherto(26)it.Wepaidforthecarand(27)thepapers.Theytoldusthattherewas(28)

petrol(汽油)lotakeustoagarage,wherewecouldfillup.Tlie(29)garagetotheofficewasabout100

yardsawayandwegotthere(30).ButwhenIturnedintothemainroadIsuddenlysawalotofcars

racing(31)me.Igotoutof(32)asfastasIcouldbybackingintothegaragc(33)andthemanbchind(34)me.

"It'ssuchaproblemto(35)todriveontherightside,isn'tit?"mywifesaid."Yes,ifonlyIhadhadafew

lessonsfor(36)>"Ireplied."Youhadbettergo(37)onthewayhome,"mywifesaid."You'dbesorryif

youhad(38)onthefirstday,wouldn'tyou?"Whileweweretalking,(hemanbehindgotoutofhiscar

andsaidingoodEnglish,"Wouldyoumindtellingme(39)youarethinkingofleaving?(40)areyougoing

tositinyourcarallday?"

21.A.borrowB.driveC.buyD.choose

22.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting

23.A.rightB.readyC.fixedD.sold

24.A.sureofB.satisfiedwilhC.interestedinD.usedto

25.A.onmyownB.rightawayC.inahurryD.on(heway

26.A.receiveB.bringC.orderD.fetch

27.A.acceptedB.wroteC.signedD.copied

28.A.littleB.enoughC.muchD.no

29.A.bestB.nearestC.quickestD.cleanest

30.A.latelyB.directlyC.safelyD.slowly

31.A.afterR.withC.aroundD.towards

32.A.theirwayB.thegarageC.theirsightD.thecar

33.A.atlastB.oncemoreC.asusualD.aswell

34.A.caughtB.chccrcdC.shoutedatD.chattedwith

35.A.prepareB.continueC.chooseD.remember

36.A.discussionB.adventureC.experimentD.practice

37.A.carefullyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.differently

38.A.anerrorB.aproblemC.anaccidentD.aheadache

39.A.whenB.whyC.howD.what

40.A.ForB.OrC.ButD.So

41.It'scommontoseefooddeliveryworkersridingelectricbikesinahurrythroughbigcitiesin

China.Someofthemevenrisk⑴(run)redlightstodelivertheirmealsintime.However,such

carelessbehavioroftencausesseriousproblems.

Thereasonfortheriseofsuchacarelessbehavioristhatthereis⑵largedemandforfood

deliveryworkers,andmanycompaniesofferhighsalaries⑶(attract)newworkers.

Infact,fooddeliveryv/oikersareoftenunderhigh⑷(press)fromtheiremployers.They

facecompanyfinesfordeliveringfoodlate.Moreover,themoreorderstheytake,themoremoney

theycanearn,⑸leadstosomeworkerschecking⑹(they)mobilephonesforneworders

whiletheyareridingtheirbikes.

Whilemostcompaniesrequiredeliveiyworkerstofollowtrafficrules,itremainsaproblem

whethertheserequirementsandrulesare⑺(strict)obeyed.

Tosolvetheproblem,somecities⑻(take)actionsincelastyear.Shanghairequiredthe

deliveryworkers⑼(train)ontrafficrulesandsafely.NowinShenzhen,ifadeliveryworker

getscaughtbreakingtrafficrulesmorethantwice,heorshewillbebanned(10)drivingfood

deliveryvehiclesfbrawholeyear.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

⑸

(6)

(7)

⑻

(9)

(10)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有

10处语言错误，每句最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.

增加：化缺词处加一个漏字符号(八)，并在具下面写出该加的词.

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词.

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.

Theseday»peoplebreaktrafficrulesandlitteredeverywhere.Itdoesseriousharmwithourlife.I

thinkpeopleshouldmakeaefforttochangethissituation.

Asforhim,Iwillbeartrafficrulesinmind.IfIrideabike,I'llnevercrossaroaduntilthetraffic

lightturngreen.IfIwalk,Iwillforgettousethezebracrossing.Meanwhile»Iwillmakeitas

mydutytohelpkeepourenvironmentcleanorhealthy.Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitter

wheneverpossibly.Ihopemybehaviorwillmakeadifference.

43.假如你是一名高一的学生，请你根据下列表格中的内容给21世纪报写一篇文章，反应你

们所生活的城市交通状况，并给出自己的解决办法。词数100左右。

1.人们为了方便到处走动而开自己的车出行；随着私家车的增多，交通堵塞也越来越严

现重

状2.经常有道路正在修理中，使得有些路线更加繁忙

3.政府没有为人们提供足够的停车场所；噪音污染使得人们在工作或学习时心情不佳

解

决1.限制车辆的流入，鼓励使用公共交通工具

办2.拓宽道路，绝不允许在市内鸣笛

法

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、D

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题.根据文章CherryBlossomBikeToui*inWashington,D.C.介绍

内容，Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossomsdisappear!樱花消失之前要提前

预定自己的位置.可知，如枭想要去华盛顿樱花自行车之旅，应该提前预定，结合选项，故选A.

（2）D.推理判断题.根据文章CapitalCityBikeTour介绍内容，Knowledgeableguideswillentertain

youwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.知识渊博

的导游将为您提供有关总统、国会、纪念馆和公园的最有趣的故事.可知，参与CapitalCityBike

Tour,你可以听到有趣的故事，结合选项，故选D.

（3）D.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段，

Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯.可

知，所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯.结合选项，故选D.

本文属于广告布告类阅读，文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了他们从骑行时间，骑

行路线及注意事项等信息.

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整r解信息，准确把握作者观点.

4~7.【答案】D、D、A、D

［解析］（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Iamoneof（hoseunfortunatepeoplewhohaveaverypoor

senseofdirectionandImayhavevisitedaplacetimeaftertimebutIstillmanagetogetlostoninyway

there.（我是那些方向感很差的不幸的人之一，我可能多次去过一个地方，但在去那里的路上我还

是迷路了。）可知，作者方网感很差，他认为那是不幸的，并为此感到沮丧。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中Oftenpeopledonotliketoadmitthattheydonotknowtheirhometown

andwillinsistontellingyouthewayeveniftheydonotknowit；others,whoareanxioustoprovethat

theyknow（heirhometownverywell,willgiveyoualonglistofdirectionswhichyoucannotpossibly

hopetoremember；andstillothersdonotseemtobeabletotellbetweentheirleftandtheirrightandyou

findintheendthatyouaregoingintheoppositedirectiontothatinwhichyoushouldbegoing.【通常人

们不喜欢承认他们不熟悉自己的家乡，即使他们不知道，也会坚持告诉你路；其他人急于证明他

们非常了解自己的家乡，他们会给你一长串你不可能希望记住的指示；还有一些人似乎无法分辨

他们的左右，最终你会发现你的方向与你应该走的方向相反。）可知，当他向人问路时，人们或

是不熟悉自己的家乡，或是给你一长串你不可能希望记住的指示，还有一些人似乎无法分辨左右，

由此推测，很少有人能给出有效的指示。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Ifanyoneeverasksmethewaysomewhere,Ialwaystellhim/herthat

Iamastrangertothetown（如果有人问我去哪里的路，我总是告诉他/她我不是本地人）可知，有

人向作者问路时，作者会假装自己是外地人；根据倒数第二段OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhen

IwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimtotheSunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,

butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealizedthathehadaskedfordirectionstomyofficebuilding.

（有一次，我在上班的路上被一个男人拦住了，他问我是否可以指引他去阳光大厦。我像往常一

样回答）可知，例了•中被人问路时，作者仍然假装自己是外地人；根据最后•段myembarrassment

whenmysecretaryshowedintheveiymanwhohadaskedfordirectionstomyofficeandhisastonishment

whenherecognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.（想象吓当我的秘书把之前向我问路的那个人介

绍给我时的那个尴尬场面以及当他认出我来的时候他的惊讶吧！）可知，作者之前遇到的问路人

现在出现在他的办公室，这是一件多么令人尴尬的事情、A项符合题意，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。作者方向感很差，所以遇到人问路，他总是假装自己不是本地人。根据第六段

中OnceIwasonmywaytoworkwhenIwasstoppedbyamanwhoaskedmeifIwoulddirecthimtothe

SunlightBuilding.Igavemyusualreply,butIhadnotwalkedonafewstepswhenIrealizedthathehad

askedfordirectionstomyofficebuilding.（有一次，我在上班的路上被一个男人拦住了，他问我是

否可以指引他去阳光大厦。我像往常一样回答）和最后一段myembarrassmentwhenmysecretary

showedintheverymanwhohadaskedfordirectionstomyofficeandhisastonishmentwhenhe

recognizedmeasthepersonhehadasked.（想象一下当我的秘书把之前向我问路的那个人介绍给我

时的那个尴尬场面以及当他认出我来的时候他的惊讶吧！）可知，作者之前遇到的问路人现在出

现在他的办公室.由此判断，这个故事滑稽有趣.故选D.

本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了方向感很差的作者在问路和被问路时遇到的事情。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8〜11.【答案】B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）主片大意题。根据第•段AmericanwriterToniMorrisonwasborninOhioin1931.（美

国作家托妮♦莫里森1931年出生「俄亥俄州。）第二段Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Morrisonstarted

toworkasateacherandgotmarriedin1958.（大学毕业后，莫里森开始教书,并于1958年结婚。）

第三段In1964,Morrisonendedhermarriageanddevotedherselftowriting.（1964年，莫里森结束

了她的婚姻,投身于写作。）TheBluestEyewaseventuallypublishedin1970.（《最蓝的眼睛》最

终在1970年出版。）和最后一段From1970to1992,Morrisonpublishedfivemorenovels.1970

年到1992年，莫里森又出版了五部小说。）In1993,MorrisonreceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.

（1993年，莫里森获得诺贝尔文学奖。）可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了非裔美籍女作家托尼・

莫里森的一生，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段中的

ShewasraisedinanAfricanAmericanfamilyfilledwithsongsandstoriesofSouthernmyths,

whichlatershapedherprose（散文）.（她在一个充满南方神话歌曲和故事的非裔美国家庭中长大，

这些歌曲和故事后来塑造了她的散文。）可知，她从家里学到的歌曲和故事影响了托尼•莫里森的

写作风格。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Severalyearslater,hermarriagebegantofail.Forashort-termescape,

shejoinedasmallwriters，gro叩.（几年后，她的婚姻开始走向失败。为了短期的逃避，她加入了一

个小作家团体。）可知，莫里森加入作家团体是为了逃离她不幸的婚姻，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段InSongofSolomon,forexample,MorrisontellsthestoryofanAfrican

Americanmanandhissearchforidentityinhisculture.（例如，在《所罗门之歌》+,莫里森讲述

了一个非裔美国人的故事，以及他在自己文化中寻找身份的过程。）可知，莫里森的作品的主题

之一是非裔美国人对身份的探索。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国获得诺贝儿文学家的女作家ToniMorrisono

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分

析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12〜15.【答案】A、C、C、D

【解析】1.A.推理判断题.由第二段中的"Theideaisthatselfdrivingcarswillreduceaccidentscaused

byhumanmistake's.我们的想法是自动驾驶汽车将减少由人类错误引起的事故.可知，汽车生产

商认为无人驾驶汽车可避免人为的操作失误，因此更安全.故选A.

2.C.细节理解题.由第四段中的"introducingatax税）ondriverlesscars.Itcallsforatleast$0.025

permile,对无人驾驶汽车征收税收.它至少需要0.025美元的终端.可知，马萨诸塞州的律师建

议根据汽车行驶里程征税，即提高汽车的运行成本.故选C.

3.C.推理判断题.由第五段中的"Peoplemaychoosetolivefartheroutsideofcitesiftheycantravel

incarsthatallowthemtosleepand,人们可以选择住在城市以外的更远的地方，如果他们可以乘坐

允许他们睡觉的汽车，配置可躺座椅的无人驾驶汽.车会使更多的人住到离城市更远的地方，所

以人们行驶的距离会变长.故选C.

4.D.标题归纳题.本文主要从无人驾驶汽车会增加交通流量和行驶距离来说明为什么它们从根

本上解诀不了目前的交通问题.D项作标题最能概括文章主旨.故选D.

文章解释了将来的无人驾驶汽车为什么没有办法解决目前的交通问题.

（1）阅读理解考查类型：

1.主旨大意

2.文中细节

3.词义猜测

4.推理判断.

（2）文中细节的考查类型：

1.直接信息题

2.间接信息题

3.综合信息题.1.直.接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目.

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进

行转换.

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题口所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或老是散落

在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义.1.According

tothepassage,who/what/whcre/which/when/why/how,etc.?

2.WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue/false/mentioned?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectaccordingtothepassage?

16〜20.【答案】G、E、F、B、A

【解析】（1）G.推理判断题.根据空前的内容

itisgoodindeedJWithsuchbusylives.itcanbehardlotryandfindthetimeloworkout."生活忙碌没有

时间锻炼”和空后的内容”晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处"，下文

Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.接着列举了晨练的

其他好处.由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句.G项中Ihenlisten印！（那么请仔细听!）很好的起

到了承上启下的作用.故选G.

（2）E.推理判断题.根据上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake（锻炼能让你更清醒］，E项

（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时.）是对上一句的进一步解释.故选E.

（3）F.推理判断题.空前句子Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.是本段的主题句,

晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句了•说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项

（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里.）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸.故

选F.

（4）B.推理判断题.此处缺一个主题句.空后句子

Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheev

ening解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好.B项(你的睡眠质量提高了.)是对后面内

容的总述.故选B.

(5)A.推理判断题.据空后句子”Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikely

toslicklohealthyfoodchoicesthroughout(heday.(如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康

的食物选择.)“A项(你的饮食倾向于健康.)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用.故

正确答案为A.

本文属于说明文，讲述的是早晨锻炼身体的好处，可以提高工作效率，加速新陈代谢，改善睡眠

质量和养成规律的饮食习惯.

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