2019-2020学年高中英语Unit3ComputersSectionBLearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版必修2

Unit3ComputersSectionB

LearningaboutLanguage题组练·领悟方法核心词汇词汇一intelligentadj.智能的；聪明的；有智力的【教材原句】intelligent

智能的；聪明的（P20）【要点必记】intelligentsoftware/systems智能软件/系统ahighlyintelligentstudent非常聪明的学生anintelligentquestion机智的问题 intelligencen.智力；才智；智慧apersonofhigh/lowintelligence智力高/低的人apersonofaverage/normalintelligence具有平均/正常智力水平的人单句语法填空(1)［2019·江苏卷］Withalargebrain，humanbeingsbeatotherbeingsintermsof___________（intelligent）.单句写作(2)［词汇复现］Theboyis________________（如此聪明，以至于）hecansolvethemathematicalproblem.(3)Susanisawoman__________________（具有高智商的）whoknowsherownmind.intelligencesointelligentthat

ofhighintelligence

词汇二cometrue（愿望、梦想等）实现，成为现实【教材原句】BythetimeIwassixteen，mydreamhadcometrue.到我16岁时，我的梦想实现了。（P20）【比较】我的梦想实现了。cometrue是系表结构，不能用于被动语态Mydreamcametrue.（√） Icametruemydream.（×）Mydreamwascometrue.（×）realize是及物动词，后接宾语，可用于被动语态Irealizedmydream.（√） Mydreamwasrealized.（√）单句写作(1)［词汇复现］Anyhow，oneshouldhaveadream，evenifthedreamseemsimpossibleto______________（实现）.(2)He______________（已实现）hisdreamofbeingasoldier.Thatistosay，hisdreamofbeingasoldier_____________（已实现）.(3)［词汇复现］Ifyouworkhard，yourdreamofbecomingadressdesignerwill

___________________________（实现）.cometruehasrealizedhascometrue

berealized/cometrue

词汇三giveaway捐赠，赠送；分发，颁发；泄露，暴露【教材原句】Thecompanyhasgivenitscomputersaway

toalocalschool.该公司向当地一所学校捐赠了电脑。（P21）【要点必记】giveback归还，送回 givein屈服，让步giveup放弃 giveoff发出（气味、热、光等）giveout发出（热、光等）；分发；用完，耗尽单句语法填空(1)［2019·浙江卷］Forlegalreasons，mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainstgiving________foodwaste.(2)［2018·天津卷］AtfirstRobertwouldn’tlethisdaughtergodiving，buteventuallyhegave________asshewassoconfidentaboutherskills.单句写作(3)Theheadmaster____________________（颁发了奖项）ontheschoolsportsday.(4)［2019·全国Ⅱ卷］Idon’tseeanyreasonto______________（放弃工作）.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemadeovertheyears.awayingaveawaytheprizesgiveupwork单元语法现在完成时的被动语态一、构成肯定式：have/has+beendone否定式：have/hasnot+beendone一般疑问式：Have/Has+主语+beendone?特殊疑问式：疑问词+have/has（+主语）+beendone?二、用法（1）表示一个被动的动作在说话之前已完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。（2）表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，常与for或since引出的时间状语连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。（3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。【学法点拨】常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：already已经 yet已经 recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起 eversince自那以来 ever曾经sofar迄今为止 foralongtime很长一段时间

bynow到现在为止inrecentyears在最近几年里

in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears在过去的几年里三、注意事项（1）与一般过去时的被动语态的区别（2）borrow，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。这本书借了一周了。Thebookhasbeenborrowedforaweek.（×）Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.（√）这个工程已经开始多久了？Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?（×）Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?（√）【学法点拨】非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与since或for引出的时间状语连用。（3）带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，sell，buy，lend，offer，hand，pass，get等，变为被动语态时，一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加to或for。（4）带有复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语成为主语补足语。主动语态中不带to的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上to。（5）短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保持短语动词的完整性，不可漏掉动词后面原有的介词或副词。此类短语动词有：(1)动词+介词referto，lookafter，callon，relyon，lookfor，lookat，listento，dreamof，meetwith，laughat，resultin，waitfor，dealwith，operateon(2)动词+名词+介词payattentionto，makeuseof，takepartin，keepaneyeon，makefunof，catchsightof，setfireto，takenoteof，takecareof(3)动词+副词turnon，turnoff，carryon，carryout，thinkover，makeup，setup，putdown，handin，pointout，callup练习一单句语法填空(1)［词汇复现］Theirnewhouse__________________（decorate）fortwomonthsandtheywillsettleinitinthenearfuture.(2)［词汇复现］Theirnewcars___________________（advertise）ontheInternetforalongtime.hasbeendecorated

havebeenadvertised

(3)［词汇复现］Alltheathletes

_________________（select）frommillionsofpeoplealloverthecountryinthepasttwomonths.(4)［词汇复现］Anewlibraryandagymnasiuminourschool______________（set）upsofarandtheywillbeputintouseverysoon.(5)［词汇复现］Agreatmanymachines____________________（produce）bythefactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution.(6)Greatchanges___________（take）placeinmyhometownandalotoffactories______________（set）upinthepasttenyears.(7)Everypossiblemeans______________（try）tosavethewoundedsoldieruptonow.havebeenselectedhavebeenset

havebeenproduced

havetakenhavebeenset

hasbeentried

(8)Howmanysuggestions______________（give）toyousofar?(9)Ican’tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard.____________itall____________（finish）?(10)Allthepreparationsforthetask__________________（make），andwe’rereadytostart.(11)Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms__________________（produce）allovertheworld.(12)［2015·天津卷］Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreement________________（reach）sofarbythetwosides.(13)Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit________________（ruin）.(14)Alotoffactories________________（set）upsincelastyear.(15)Wecan’tgoonwiththeexperimentbecausethecomputer__________________（notrepair）.havebeengiven

Hasbeenfinished

havebeenmade

havebeenproduced

hasbeenreached

hasbeenruinedhavebeensethasn’tbeenrepaired练习二将下列句子改为被动语态(1)Theyhavejustconnectedtheprintertothecomputer.(2)Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelastfiveyears.(3)Tomhasn’tsoldoutallthemagazines.(4)Haveyoufoundwaystomakewastewaterclean?Theprinterhasjustbeenconnectedtothecomputer（bythem）.Manytreeshavebeenplantedonthehillinthelastfiveyears（byus）.

Allthemagazineshavenotbeensoldout（byTom）.

Havewaysbeenfoundtomakewastewaterclean（byyou）?

(5)Shehasalreadyreturnedthisbooktothelibrary.(6)Hehassentmeane-mail.(7)Wehaveseenhimlieontheground.→(8)Janehasreferredtothebook.→(9)Tomhaspaidmuchattentiontohishandwriting.→→(10)Theyhaveputoutthebigfire.→Thisbookhasalreadybeenreturnedtothelibrary（byher）.Ihavebeensentane-mail.Ane-mailhasbeensenttome.Hehasbeenseentolieontheground.Thebookhasbeenreferredto（byJane）.MuchattentionhasbeenpaidtoTom’shandwriting.Tom’shandwritinghasbeenpaidmuchattentionto.

Thebigfirehasbeenputout（bythem）.练习三单句写作(1)Theboys______________________（已经被多次告知）nottoswiminthatlake，butitdoesn’tmakeanydifference.(2)WearegladtobetoldthatLiTao______________________________________（已经被复旦大学录取）forhistopscores.(3)Withthehelpofhightechnology，moreandmorenewsubstances________________（被发现）inthepas