黑龙江省大庆市实验中学实验二部2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

大庆实验中学2023级高二上学期期中考试英语试题第I卷第一部分听力(共两节20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatwillthewomandotonight?A．EatoutB．Watchamovie.C．Gotothelibrary.2．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent.B．Familymembers.C．Classmates.3．Whydoesthemanlikeblue?A．Itlookssoft.B．Itmakeshimfeelpeaceful.C．Itgoeswellwithhisskintone.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Atravelexperience.B．Anewmuseum.C．AplantovisittheGreatWall.5．Whenwasthemansupposedtohandintheworkplan?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.第二节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Attheairport.B．Overthephone.C．Athome.7．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny.B．Rainy.C．Foggy.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．WhydoesJimwanttostartapany?A．Hecanmakemoremoney.B．Hefollowshisparents’advice.C．Hehasinterestindoingbusiness.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’splanaftergraduation?A．Shehasn’tdecidedyet.B．She’llstepintoworkplace.C．She’llcontinueherstudies.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Watchamovie.B．Enjoytheirmeal.C．Makedumplings.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Wherecouldthewomanreadthearticle?A．Fromamedicalmagazine.B．Fromastorybook.C．Fromamusicalperiodical.12．HowdoesJustinsoundafterhearingthewoman’swordsatfirst?A．Unhappy.B．Excited.C．Surprised.13．Whichofthefollowingissafeforthehumanear?A．Thesoundofan85decibeltrain.B．Thesoundofan85decibelatwork.C．Thesoundofan85decibelfoodmixer.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．WhatisNancydoing?A．SurfingtheInternet.B．Doingherhomework.C．Readingnewspapers.15．HowlonghasAungThihaHanstudiedChinese?A．6years.B．11years.C．17years.16．HowdoesAungThihaHanmainlylearnChinese?A．Bywatchingvideos.B．Byreadingbooks.C．Bytakingclasses.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatisChoi’snationality?A．American.B．Korean.C．French.18．WhatisChoi’sadvantageinlearningbreaking?A．Hergymnasticsbackground.B．Herparents’support.C．Hernaturalquality.19．WhatwasChoi’sjobaftergraduation?A．Acosmeticsexecutive.B．Ateacher.C．Acoach.20．WhendidChoiqualifyforthe2024ParisOlympics?A．In2021.B．In2022.C．In2023.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWORKINGINTHEUKManyinternationalstudentslearningEnglishintheUKhavethequestionofwhetherthey’llbeallowedtoworkintheUKduringtheirstudies.HereEnglishUKmayhelpyou.ShorttermstudentsShorttermstudentsarenotallowedtoworkintheUK.Thisruleappliesto:▲studentsstudyingforuptosixmonthsonastandardvisitorvisa▲nonvisanationalstudentsstudyingforuptosixmonthswithoutavisa▲studentswiththe11monthshorttermstudyvisaStudentswithastudentvisaStudentswhotakeafulltimecourseataneligible(符合条件的)institutiononastudentvisacansometimesworkparttimeintheUK.Theirpassportwilltellthemhowmanyhourstheycanworkperweek.StudentsshouldasktheirchoseninstitutiontofindoutorcontactusatEnglishUK.Ifstudentsareabletowork,theycanworkfor:▲maximum10hoursperweekforthecoursebelowdegreelevel▲maximum20hoursperweekforthecourseatdegreeleveloraboveInbothcases,studentscanworkfulltimeduringtheholidaysandafterthecourseuntiltheendofthevisaperiod.YouthMobilitySchemevisaStudentsaged18to30canapplyforaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.Thisvisaallowsthemtolive,workandstudyintheUKforuptotwoyears.YoucannotapplyifyouhavealreadybeenintheUKundertheschemeandyoucan’textendyourstay.VolunteeringAllstudents,includingshorttermstudents,canvolunteer.ThisisagreatopportunityforinternationalstudentstomeetlocalpeopleandpracticetheirEnglish.1.WhatistherequirementforastudentvisaholderwantingtoworkintheUK?A.Takingafulltimecourseinaqualifiedschool. B.Studyinginaschoolforuptosixmonths.C.Applyingforaworkingholidayvisa. D.Askinghischosenschoolforpermission.2.WhomighttakeajobintheUKfortwoyears?A.Studentswithadegree. B.Studentswithanextendedvisa.C.Studentswithastandardvisitorvisa. D.StudentswithaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.3.WhatcananinternationalstudentdointheUKifhetakesasummercoursethere?A.Workfor10hoursperweek. B.Volunteerinacharity.C.Workinaprivatepany. D.Workfulltimeafterthecourse.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了留学生在英国学习期间的工作问题，包括短期学生、持学生签证的学生、青年流动计划签证持有者以及志愿者在英国工作的相关规定。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Studentswithastudentvisa部分中的“Studentswhotakeafulltimecourseataneligible(符合条件的)institutiononastudentvisacansometimesworkparttimeintheUK.(持学生签证在符合资格的学校全日制学习的学生有时可以在英国兼职工作)”可知，想要在英国工作的学生签证持有者需要在符合资格的学校全日制学习。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据YouthMobilitySchemevisa部分中的“Studentsaged18to30canapplyforaYouthMobilitySchemevisa.Thisvisaallowsthemtolive,workandstudyintheUKforuptotwoyears.(18至30岁的学生可以申请青年流动计划签证。此签证允许他们在英国生活、工作和学习长达两年)”可知，持有青年流动计划签证的学生可以在英国工作两年。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Volunteering部分中的“Allstudents,includingshorttermstudents,canvolunteer.(所有学生，包括短期学生，都可以做志愿者)”可知，如果国际学生在英国参加夏季课程，他也可以做志愿者。故选B项。BZarelaMosquera,anativeofBrazil,haddevelopedadeepaffectionforartasachild.However,shenevertrulyregardeditasapossiblecareerpath.Astonishingly,herparents,contrarytoherexpectations,wholeheartedlyencouragedhertoapplytoartschools.Eventually,shewasacceptedintotheRhodeIslandSchoolofDesigntostudyindustrialdesign.Theacademicjourneywasfarfromeasy,filledwithdemandingtaskssuchasmetalworking,woodworking,andmodelmaking.Therewasevenaphasewhenshespentanentiremonthjustdrawingcubes,whichmadeherquestionherchoice.Butshesoldieredonandsoonbeganworkingonmorecaptivatingprojects.Currently,MosqueraservesasadesignstrategistforaprominentarchitectureandinteriordesignpanyinWashington,D.C.Inadditiontoherprofessionalmitments,sheharborsalongstandingandprofoundinterestinpublicart.Thisyear,sheplayedacrucialroleincreatinganddesigning“TheWalkway”fortheD.C.government.Thisuniquestructure,an11meterlongtunnellikecreation,narrowssharplyasonewalksthrough.Brightlightschangecolorsalongthepath.Onthewallsareimagesofpeople.Voicesandcitysoundsareplayedthroughspeakersinstalledinthewalkway.Atfirst,therecordedconversationsandstreetnoiseandpictureshaveapositivefeel.Buttheimagesandaudioincreaseinintensityalongthepath.Theexperiencebeesdarkandviolentinthemiddlepartofthewalkway.“Thepurposeofshowingthesetwodifferenthumanemotionsandhumanreactionsistoallowpeopletoreflectuponavarietyofdifferentexpressions,sothatbringsuptheconversationastowhatistherightwaytotalktoeachotherinapublicspace.Shouldwetalktoeachotheratall?Sopeoplearereallyquestioningthat.Andthat’swhatpublicartismeanttodo,”saidMosquera.ForMosquera,thephysicalexperienceofthisstructurehasafargreaterimpactthanmerelyviewingitonpaper.Inherfreetime,shedelightsindevelopingpublicart,firmlybelievingthatthebestwaytolearnisthroughhandsonworkandtakingonasmanyprojectsaspossible.Industrialdesign,inherview,makesherajackofalltrades.4.WhichoneisthetaskZarelaMosquerahadtododuringherindustrialdesigncourse?A.Writingessays. B.Doingcarpentrywork.C.Performingonstage. D.Givingpresentations.5.Whatdoweknowabout“TheWalkway”?A.Therearesoundsingfrompassersby.B.Theimagesonthewallsarefamousfigures.C.Itisintendedtomakepeoplethinkaboutpublicmunication.D.Thewholestructurecreatesanatmosphereofdarknessandviolence.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Industrialdesign,inherview,makesherajackofalltrades.”inthelastparagraphimply?A.Industrialdesignallowshertohaveawiderangeofskills.B.Industrialdesigndevelopsherinterestinpublicart.C.Industrialdesignmakesheramasteroftradingwithothers.D.Industrialdesigngivesheranopportunitytotakeonhandsonwork.7.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeZarelaMosquera?A.Responsibleandcautious. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Passionateandconsiderate. D.Ambitiousandproud.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了巴西人ZarelaMosquera的艺术学习和职业生涯。【4题详解】细节理解题。文中第一段提到“Theacademicjourneywasfarfromeasy,filledwithdemandingtaskssuchasmetalworking,woodworking,andmodelmaking.(学术之旅并不容易，充满了苛刻的任务，如金属加工，木工和模型制作)”可知，学业之旅包括金属加工、木工和模型制作等艰巨的任务。woodworking(木工)即carpentrywork(木工活)，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第二段提到“Thepurposeofshowingthesetwodifferenthumanemotionsandhumanreactionsistoallowpeopletoreflectuponavarietyofdifferentexpressions,sothatbringsuptheconversationastowhatistherightwaytotalktoeachotherinapublicspace.(展示这两种不同的人类情感和人类反应的目的是让人们反思各种不同的表达方式，从而引发人们在公共空间中相互交谈的正确方式)”可以推断出“TheWalkway”是为了让人们思考公共交流（C选项正确），A选项“声音来自路人”错误，且文中第二段提到“Voicesandcitysoundsareplayedthroughspeakersinstalledinthewalkway.(人声和城市的声音通过安装在人行道上的扬声器播放)”，声音来自安装的扬声器。B选项“墙上都是著名人物的图像”与文中第二段“Onthewallsareimagesofpeople.(墙上是人的画像)”不符，文中未表明是著名人物，B选项错误；文中第二段明确指出“Theexperiencebeesdarkandviolentinthemiddlepartofthewalkway.(在走道的中间部分，体验变得黑暗和暴力)”，这表明只是通道的中间部分有黑暗和暴力的感觉，而非整个结构都营造出这样的氛围，D选项“整个建筑营造出一种黑暗和暴力的氛围”错误。故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。文章最后一段“firmlybelievingthatthebestwaytolearnisthroughhandsonworkandtakingonasmanyprojectsaspossible(坚信最好的学习方式是通过实践工作和承担尽可能多的项目)”也提到学习最好的方式是通过实操并且尽可能多地承担很多的项目，说明工业设计让她拥有广泛的技能，成为多面手（a

jack

of

all

trades），可得出她能掌握多种技能，A选项“工业设计使她拥有广泛的技能”正确，B选项“工业设计培养了她对公共艺术的兴趣”，但是在文章中并没有提到工业设计与培养她对公共艺术兴趣之间的关系。C选项“工业设计使她成为与他人交易的高手”，这是对“ajackofalltrades”的错误理解，与原文意思完全不符。D选项“工业设计给她机会进行实际操作”符合。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。从第一段中“Butshesoldieredonandsoonbeganworkingonmorecaptivatingprojects.(但她坚持了下来，很快就开始从事更吸引人的项目)”ZarelaMosquera在面对工业设计课程的困难时坚持下来以及第二段中“sheharborsalongstandingandprofoundinterestinpublicart.Thisyear,sheplayedacrucialroleincreatinganddesigning“TheWalkway”fortheD.C.government.(她对公共艺术有着长期而深刻的兴趣。今年，她在为华盛顿特区政府创作和设计“人行道”的过程中发挥了至关重要的作用)”提到她积极参与公共艺术创作，可看出她的坚定和创造力。A选项“负责谨慎”、C选项“热情体贴”、D选项“有抱负骄傲”在文中均未体现。故选B。CWhenvisitingadoctorafewyearsfromnow,youcanexpecttobeacpaniedbyavirtualversionofyourself.Thissocalleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbesummonedontoaphysician’sputerscreen.Updatedwithyourlatestvitalsigns,itwillhelpthedoctormakeanaccuratediagnosis.Italsoopensthedoorformedicinesandproceduresdesignedspecificallyforyou,greatlyincreasingrecoveryrates.AsourScience&technologysectionreports,digitaltwinsarestartingtopopupeverywhere.Amongotherthings,theymonitorthehealthofjetenginesonairliners,keeptrackofUber’snetworkofvehiclesandreplicateAmazon’sextensivesupplychainwellenoughfortheonlineretailertoforecastsalesseveralyearsahead.Theyarehelpinglocalauthoritiesrespondtotheeffectsoffloodingandlettingcarmakersshaveyearsoffthedevelopmentofnewmodelsbysimulatingtestdrivesandcrashes.Theideaofcreatingsymbolicrepresentationsofrealworldthingsiscenturiesold.Manyancientcivilisationsbuiltarchitecturalmodels,sometimestoplaceintotombsbutalsotoworkoutbowtobuildthings.Doubleentrybookkeeping,developedinthe15thcentury,wasapaperbasedrepresentationofamerchant’sfinances.ThePhillipsMachine,ahydraulicputerfromthe1940s,createdaphysical“twin”ofnationaleconomicflows.Today’sdigitaltwinsextendthisprocess,makingiteasierforhumanstotackleplexproblems.Theycanactasvirtualcrystalballs,allowingpeopletopeerintothefuture,spotproblemsbeforetheymaterialiseandtestwildideaswithoutrealworldconsequences.Digitaltwinsoffertheultimatesandboxinwhichcastlescanbebuiltandtestedbeforebeingmadereal.Couldthesevirtualmodelsgooutofcontrol?Theymightiftheyareprogrammedbadly,orhackedinto.Digitaltwinswillgatherupmountainsofdata,someofitwrong,someofitprejudicedandmuchofitraisingconcernsaboutprivacyandsurveillance.Thereisalsothedangeroftunnelvisionashumansrelymoreandmoreondigitaltwins—andmissthingsthatsensorsmightnotbeabletocapture.Yettheserisksarenotspecifictodigitaltwins.Theyapplytoall.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesadigitaltwin?A.Atoymodel. B.Avideogame.C.Avirtualcopy. D.Adatabase.9.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Digitaltwinsareanewconceptintechnology.B.Symbolicrepresentationshaveevolvedovertime.C.ThePhillipsMachineistheearliestknownmodel.D.Symbolicrepresentationsofrealworldvaryinform.10.Howisadigitaltwinsimilartoasandbox?A.Theyallowtestingwithoutrealworldconsequences.B.Theyaremainlyusedforentertainmentpurposes.C.Theypredictthefuturewithoutrelyingondata.D.Theyhelpidentifyproblemsonlyaftertheyoccur.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Digitaltwinsaretooriskytoputintomarket.B.Therisksaremonacrossmanytechnologies.C.Digitaltwinscanbeappliedifperfectlyprogrammed.D.Digitaltwinsposefewerthreatsthanothertechnologies.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字孪生体的概念、应用、历史背景以及潜在的风险，旨在向读者普及这一科技领域的新知识。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thissocalleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbesummonedontoaphysician’sputerscreen.(这个所谓的数字孪生体将是你身体的一个工作模型，可以被调用到医生的电脑屏幕上。)”可知，数字孪生体是一个虚拟的副本或模型。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Theideaofcreatingsymbolicrepresentationsofrealworldthingsiscenturiesold.Manyancientcivilisationsbuiltarchitecturalmodels,sometimestoplaceintotombsbutalsotoworkoutbowtobuildthings.Doubleentrybookkeeping,developedinthe15thcentury,wasapaperbasedrepresentationofamerchant’sfinances.ThePhillipsMachine,ahydraulicputerfromthe1940s,createdaphysical“twin”ofnationaleconomicflows.(用符号来表示现实世界中的事物这一想法已有数百年历史。许多古代文明都建造了建筑模型，有时是为了放入陵墓中，有时也是为了研究如何建造建筑。15世纪发展起来的复式记账法，是商人财务状况的一种纸质表现形式。20世纪40年代的菲利普斯机器（PhillipsMachine）是一种水力计算机，它创建了国家经济流动的实体“孪生体”。)”可知，本段中作者接着通过举古代文明建造建筑模型、15世纪发展的复式记账法以及20世纪40年代的菲利普斯机器等例子，来说明符号表示法随着时间的推移在不断地发展和演变。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theycanactasvirtualcrystalballs,allowingpeopletopeerintothefuture,spotproblemsbeforetheymaterialiseandtestwildideaswithoutrealworldconsequences.Digitaltwinsoffertheultimatesandboxinwhichcastlescanbebuiltandtestedbeforebeingmadereal.(它们可以充当虚拟的水晶球，让人们窥视未来，在问题出现之前就发现它们，并测试那些不会产生现实后果的大胆想法。数字孪生体提供了一个终极的“沙盒”，人们可以在其中建造和测试城堡，然后再将其变为现实。)”可知，数字孪生与沙盒的相似之处在于它们都允许人们在不产生现实后果的情况下进行测试。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thereisalsothedangeroftunnelvisionashumansrelymoreandmoreondigitaltwins—andmissthingsthatsensorsmightnotbeabletocapture.Yettheserisksarenotspecifictodigitaltwins.Theyapplytoall.(此外，随着人类越来越依赖数字孪生体，还存在视野狭隘的危险——可能会错过传感器无法捕捉到的东西。然而，这些风险并非数字孪生体所特有，而是普遍存在的。)”以及整段内容可知，最后一段提到数字孪生体可能带来的风险，如数据错误、隐私泄露和视野狭隘等，但同时也指出这些风险并不是数字孪生体独有的，而是许多技术都可能面临的问题。因此，我们可以推断出这些风险在许多技术中都普遍存在。故选B。DIn2022,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announceditwouldletsomehearingaidsbesoldoverthecounterforthefirsttime,amovethatwillmakethedevicesmuchmorewidelyavailableand,inalllikelihood,significantlycheaper.It’samovethathasbeenincreasinglyimportant,ashearinglossisexpectedtorisesharplyintheingtenyears.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatby2030,nearly630millionpeopleworldwidewillsufferfromhearingloss.By2050,thatcouldjumpto900million.Theacteswithsomelimitations.Devicesforsevere(重度的)hearinglossandthoseintendedforuseonchildrenundertheageof18willstillrequireaprescription(处方).Butforthemillionswhosufferfrommildtomoderate(轻度到中度的)hearingloss,pickingupahearingaidcouldbeaboutaseasyaspickingupapairofreadingglassesatthedrugstore.Theywon’tbequitethatcheap,ofcourse,buttheywilllikelycostlessthantoday’shearingaids.TheFDAestimatedthepriceofthosedevicescouldbecutinhalfoncetheruletakeseffect.“Iseriouslybelievethatwewillseeasignificantreductioninpricesforconsumerswithmildtomoderatehearingloss,”saidBlakeCadwell,founderandCEOofSoundly,asitethatallowspeopletopareandbuyhearingaidsonline.“ExpectsimpleproductsliketheBoseB1hearingaidtogoonsalefor$899andmoreexpensivedevicestosellfor$1,500.Inthelongterm,wemayseeevenlowerprices.”“HearinglossisanimportantpublichealthissuethataffectstheabilityofmillionsofAmericanstoeffectivelymunicateintheirdailylife,”saidFDAmissionerRobertM.Califf,MD.“Establishingthisnewrulewillallowpeoplewithmildtomoderatehearinglosstohaveconvenientaccesstosafe,effective,andaffordablehearingaidsfromtheirneighborhoodstoreoronline.”12.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byprovidingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bystatingarguments.D.Bymakingparisons.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewrule?A.Itlimitsonlinesalesofhearingaids.B.Itrequiresnoprescriptionforalltypesofdevices.C.Itprimarilyaimstodiscouragepeoplefromusinghearingaids.D.Itdirectlybenefitspeopleover18withmildtomoderatehearingloss.14.WhatisBlakeCadwell’sattitudetowardthefuturepricereductionofhearingaids?A.Reserved. B.Confident. C.Uncertain. D.Concerned.15.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ConsumerEnthusiasm:TheRisingDemandforHearingAids.B.OvertheCounterHearingAids:Critics’WarningoftheRisksC.AccessibilityConcerns:TheTrueCostofFDA’sHearingAidChangesD.AffordableOvertheCounterHearingAids:FDA’sGameChangingMove【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）宣布，将首次允许一些助听器在非处方销售，此举将使助听器更广泛地获得，而且很可能大大便宜。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“It’samovethathasbeenincreasinglyimportant,ashearinglossisexpectedtorisesharplyintheingtenyears.(这一举措变得越来越重要，因为听力损失预计将在未来十年急剧上升。)”以及下文中的“TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatby2030,nearly630millionpeopleworldwidewillsufferfromhearingloss.By2050,thatcouldjumpto900million.(世界卫生组织警告说，到2030年，全球将有近6.3亿人患有听力损失。到2050年，这一数字可能跃升至9亿。)”可知，由于听力损失预计在未来十年将急剧上升，进而在下文中列举了相关的数据，由此可知，本段是通过列举数据来支持他的观点的。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Devicesforsevere(重度的)hearinglossandthoseintendedforuseonchildrenundertheageof18willstillrequireaprescription(处方).Butforthemillionswhosufferfrommildtomoderate(轻度到中度的)hearingloss,pickingupahearingaidcouldbeaboutaseasyaspickingupapairofreadingglassesatthedrugstore.(用于严重听力损失的设备和用于18岁以下儿童的设备仍然需要处方。但对于数百万患有轻度至中度听力损失的人来说，挑选助听器可能就像在药店买一副老花镜一样容易。)”可知，听力严重受损的以及18岁以下儿童使用该设备仍需处方，而轻度以及中度听力受损的人买助听器将会变得很容易，由此可知，这一新规直接使18岁以上轻度到中度听力损失的人受益。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““Iseriouslybelievethatwewillseeasignificantreductioninpricesforconsumerswithmildtomoderatehearingloss,”saidBlakeCadwell,founderandCEOofSoundly,asitethatallowspeopletopareandbuyhearingaidsonline.(Soundly网站的创始人兼首席执行官BlakeCadwell说：“我真的相信，对于轻度到中度听力损失的消费者来说，我们将看到价格大幅下降。”Soundly网站允许人们在线比较和购买助听器。)”可知，BlakeCadwell相信对于轻度到中度听力损失的消费者来说，将看到价格大幅下降，由此可知，BlakeCadwell对未来助听器降价的态度是有信心的。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“In2022,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)announceditwouldletsomehearingaidsbesoldoverthecounterforthefirsttime,amovethatwillmakethedevicesmuchmorewidelyavailableand,inalllikelihood,significantlycheaper.(2022年，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）宣布，将首次允许一些助听器在非处方销售，此举将使助听器更广泛地获得，而且很可能大大便宜。)”以及下文中介绍的该新规的制定将给轻度和中度听力受损患者带来的便利可知，本文主要讲述的是关于助听器使用的新规将帮助更多听力受损患者可以买得起助听器，所以题目“可负担的非处方助听器：FDA改变游戏规则的举措”可以概括全文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplantsorfoldinglaundry—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofhedonism(享乐主义).____16____.Psychologistssuggesttherearemanypotentialmechanismsthatmightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢条斯理地做).Theymaywellencourageyoutoengageinitmoreoften.PleasantdistractionsOnthesurfacelevel,putteringmaybeusefulbecauseitoccupiesthemind,sothatwegivefewerresourcestothethingsthatareworryingus.Forinstance,wemayfindhouseholdtaskscanhelpusfocusonthepresentmoment.Peoplepletingthesesmalltasksoftenreportasignificantlybettermood.____17____,asiftheimmersion(沉浸)inthesimpleactivityhadrefreshedtheirminds.____18____Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.Whenwefeelanxious,asenseofhelplessnesscanheightenthephysiologicalstressresponse,increasinglevelsofhormones.Ideally,wewoulddealdirectlywiththeupsettingsituationitself.Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.Tidyroom,focusedmind____19____.Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformoffort.Tosummarize,ifweseeorderoutside,ithelpsustofeelabitlesschaoticinside.____20____.A.BeingpowerfulB.AfeelingofcontrolC.ThebenefitsdonotendthereD.WewillfeelgreatanxietyinourmindE.Thisincludedreducednervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration”F.ItisfortingbecauseitmakeslifeeasiertomanageandmorepredictableG.Yetweoftenfindourselvesseekingpleasureandfortinsmallrepetitivetasks【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家务活等简单重复任务如何通过提供心理上的慰藉、增强控制感和整理环境来改善人的心情和减轻压力。【16题详解】上文“Tidyingyourdesk,wateringyourplantsorfoldinglaundry—thesehouseholdchoresarehardlytheheightofhedonism(享乐主义).(整理办公桌、浇花或叠衣服——这些家务活并不是享乐主义的最高境界)”说明家务活并不是典型的享乐行为。空处和前文形成转折关系，并且引出下文。G项中的yet为转折连词，“seekingpleasureandfortinsmallrepetitivetasks”和下文“mightexplaintheperfectpleasureofputtering(慢条斯理地做)”相呼应，说明尽管家务活并不是享乐主义的最高境界，但是人们还是会在这些琐碎的任务中找到乐趣。所以G项“然而，我们经常发现自己在重复的小任务中寻求快乐和安慰”符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Peoplepletingthesesmalltasksoftenreportasignificantlybettermood.(完成这些小任务的人通常会报告心情明显好转)”以及下文“asiftheimmersion(沉浸)inthesimpleactivityhadrefreshedtheirminds.(仿佛沉浸在简单的活动中让他们精神焕发)”说明完成家务小任务会让人心情明显好转。空处进一步说明心情变好的具体表现。E项中的“reducednervousnessandevenasenseof“inspiration””和上文中的“asignificantlybettermood”相呼应，也和下文的“refreshedtheirminds”相呼应，所以E项“这包括减少了紧张感，甚至有一种“灵感”的感觉”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】下文“Unlikeotherdistractingactivities—suchasplayingputergamesorwatchingtrashyTV—putteringalsohastheadvantageofbeingpositiveanduseful,increasingour“perceivedcontrol”.(不像其他分散注意力的活动——比如玩电脑游戏或看低质量的电视节目——慢条斯理地做事情也有其积极和有用的一面，能增加我们的“感知控制力”)”以及“Butresearchsuggestswecangainaperceptionofcontrolfromactivitiesthatmayhavelittleeffectonthesituationthat’sbotheringus.(但研究表明，我们可以从对困扰我们的情况影响不大的活动中获得控制感)”说明与其他分散注意力的活动相比，慢条斯理地做事还具有积极和有用的优势，可以增加我们的“感知控制”。所以B项“控制的感觉”适合作本段的主旨句。故选B。【19题详解】标题“Tidyroom,focusedmind(整洁的房间，专注的思维)”以及下文“Ifyourputteringtakestheformoforganizinganddecluttering(清理),youmayfindthatthetidierenvironmentisitselfaformoffort.(如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，你可能会发现，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰)”说明整洁的环境能让人专注，而且如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰。所以空处承上启下，既总结了标题提到的好处，也引出下文中其它的好处。所以C项“好处不仅仅于此”符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Tosummarize,ifweseeorderoutside,ithelpsustofeelabitlesschaoticinside.(总结来说，如果我们看到外界是有序的，这会帮助我们感觉到内心不那么混乱)”说明整洁的外部环境能带来内心的平静。空处顺接前文，进一步说明整洁的外部环境带来的好处。F项“这让人感到安慰，因为它使生活更容易管理且更具可预测性”符合语境，it指代前文中提到的“orderoutside”。故选F。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duetogiantchainwarehouses’(连锁货站)overwhelmingpricesuperiority,thelocalfamilyownedPark’sHardwarehardlyhasspaceforprofitandeventuallycloseddown.IbitterlyrecalledthetimewhenIwasexploringthemazy(迷宫般的)shelvesinachainwarehouseforawirelessdoorbellthatPark’sdidn’t____21____.Ifinallyfoundthething,butdidn’tunderstandthetiponthepackage:“Redlightindicatesconditionofbattery.”Luckily,I____22____aclerkinbrightlycoloredworksuitsandwentup,“Excuseme,”Isaid,holdingthe____23____out,“Ican’tseemtofindthelight.”Themantookthepackage,____24____it,and,puttingitbackinmyhand,said,“Sorry,sir,NeithercanI,”beforehewalkedaway.I____25____thisexperiencewithoneI____26____hadatPark’s,inwhichIwouldwalkintothestoreholdingapileofmetalandplasticpiecesinmy____27____hands.“Lin,...”Iheldouttheofferingbeforehim,“canyou...”Andquickerthanonecouldsay,“littleredlight,”Lin,theyoungshopkeeperspranginto____28____andtogetherwemixed,matchedandmeasureduntilthe____29____wasfound.Icouldbuya_____30_____screwatPark’s,andhaveitlovinglyplacedinalittlebag,forapenny—nochargefortheacpanying_____31_____conversation.AtachainwarehouseIhadno_____32_____buttobuyaboxofscrews,and,ifIwere_____33_____,receivethewordsatthecashcounter:“Haveaniceday.”ButIdon’twantaboxofahundredscrewswhenallIneedisone.Ijustwanttoknowthe_____34_____ofthelittleredlight,andnowthatPark’sis_____35_____,IrealizethatIneverwill.21.A.carry B.belong C.exist D.buy22.A.visited B.spotted C.caught D.watched23.A.battery B.hand C.screw D.item24.A.shook B.arranged C.held D.examined25.A.share B.imagine C.contrast D.connect26.A.routinely B.suddenly C.differently D.basically27.A.frozen B.empty C.delicate D.cupped28.A.laughter B.action C.anger D.position29.A.approach B.idea C.solution D.puzzle30.A.tiny B.strange C.fine D.single31.A.public B.pleasant C.traditional D.unfinished32.A.decision B.alternative C.method