新编大学英语（第四版）视听说教程4（智慧版）教案 Unit 2 B4U2 Beyond the finish line

Unit2Beyondthefinishline

Warmingup

Referenceanswers

imaginary

spirit&soul

inlovewithyou

gaveyoumyheart

sweatandhurt

saygoodbye

everymoment

whatIdonext

Listening&speakingConversation

Scripts

W:Welcome,AlexPardo.It’sgreattohaveyouwithustoday.Firstoff,couldyoushareyourthoughtsontheevolutionofesportsanditscurrentstatusinthegamingindustry?

M:Esportshascertainlycomealongwayfromitshumblebeginnings.Whatstartedoutascasualgatheringsamongfriendshasevolvedintoaglobalphenomenon,featuringprofessionalleagues,wideviewership,andconsiderableprizes.It’satestamenttothegrowthofthegamingindustryandthepassionofthegamingcommunity.Today,esportsisnotjustpartofthegamingindustry,butalsotheforefrontofcompetitiveentertainment.

W:Withalotofdiscussionaroundtherecognitionofesportsasanofficialsport,what’syourstance,Mr.Pardo?

M:Ifirmlybelievethatesportsdeservesrecognitionasanofficialsport.Esportsprofessionalsdemonstrateremarkableexpertise,strategicthinking,anddedication,comparabletothoseobservedintraditionalsports.Plus,theydisplayteamwork,sportsmanship,andmentalagility.

W:HowdoyouseeesportsfittingintomajorsportingeventsliketheOlympics?

M:IntegratingesportsintomajoreventsliketheOlympicswouldbeasignificantstepforwardinrecognizingesportsasanofficialsport.Itwouldalsoattractayounger,digitallynativeaudiencetotheOlympics.Ofcourse,therearechallengessuchasselectinggamesthatalignwiththeOlympicvaluesanddealingwithcopyrightissues.ButI’moptimisticthatwithproperdialogueandunderstanding,thesedifficultiescanbeovercome.

W:Lookingahead,whatisyourforecastforthefutureofesports?

M:Iseeabrightfutureforesports.We’reseeingsignificantinvestmentsfromtraditionalsportsbrandsandgrowingacceptancefromthegeneralpublic.Astechnologyadvances,Iexpecttherewillbeevenmoreengagingandinteractivemeansfortheaudiencetoengagewithesports.Thecontinuedgrowthofesportswilldependonourabilitytofosterapositive,inclusive,andfaircommunityaroundcompetitivegaming.

W:Thankyou,Mr.Pardo,forsharingyourinsightswithus.It’sbeenafascinatingconversation.

M:Mypleasure.

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

1)causalgatherings 2)considerableprizes

3)competitiveentertainment 4)investments

5)engagingandinteractive 6)positive,inclusive,andfair

2

1.T2.F3.T4.T5.T

Thinkingandspeaking

Esportsvs.traditionalsports

ShouldesportsfitintotheOlympics?

Passage1Scripts

Doyouliketokeepfit?We’realwaystoldthatregularexerciseandhealthyeatingaregoodforbothbodyandmind.Assuch,moreandmorepeoplearetakingupactivitiesthatimprovetheirfitnessandadheringtohealthydiets.Butisthereariskthatsomeofusmightgetobsessedandoverdoit?

Well,forsomepeople,fitnesshasbecomeanobsessionastheyaimforperfection.Fitnesstrackingdevicesandappscanaddtothisaddiction,especiallyifsomeoneisdrivenbyachievementandperfectionism.Somepeopleliketosharetheirfitnessdataonsocialmedia.Thismeansexercisingandeatinghabitshavebecomepublicandcompetitive,whichcouldcauseproblemsforsomeonewhoisvulnerable.

Expertssaythiscanleadtoamedicalconditioncalledorthorexia,oraddictionto“healthyeating.”Untreated,itcanleadtomalnutritionandmentalhealthproblems.ResearchfromscientistsatUniversityCollegeLondonfoundthathighersocialmediausagewasassociatedwithincreasedlikelihoodofdevelopingorthorexia,especiallyamongfollowersofthe“healthyeating”influencers.

Likewise,toomuchexercisecantakeitstollonsomeone’sphysicalhealth.Symptomsofover-exercisingincludeinjuriessuchasstressfracturesandalowimmunesystem.Sohowmuchexerciseistoomuch?Oneresearchfoundtheidealpacetojogwasabouteightkilometersperhour,andthatitwasbesttojognomorethanthreetimesaweekorfor2.5hoursintotal,showingthatmoderatejoggingispossiblymorebeneficialthandoingtoomuch.

Ifyou’remoreofacouchpotato,moderateexerciseseemstobeamorepracticalandattainable

option.Butforamateurathleteswhocan’thelpbutpushtheirbodiestothelimit,theadvicefromasportsandexercisepsychologistis,“It’sallaboutlettinggo,notbeingobsessed,learningnottocontroleverything,saying,‘Youdon’tneedtobeperfect.’”

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

perfectionism

socialmedia

healthyeating

mentalhealth

immunesystem

2

1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T

Thinkingandspeaking

Fitnesstrackers:Helpfulorharmful?“Healthyeating”influencers

Passage2Scripts

Forsportsfans,there’snothingbetterthanwatchingaliveeventonTVoratasportsvenue.Butthere’snothingworsethanthateventbeingcalledoffbecauseofbadweather.Itcanalsobefrustratingwhenanticipatedeventsarepostponedduetopoorlightorexcessiveheat.Accordingtoareport,inthefuture,extremeweathermightdisruptthesportingcalendarmorethanitdoescurrently.

Ingolf,majortournamentsliketheBritishOpenarealreadypredictedtobevictimsofourchangingclimate.Somegolfcoursescouldevenbeunderwaterbytheendofthecenturyifsealevelsriseevenslightly.Thereportpredicts“canceledfootballmatches,floodedcricketgrounds,andgolfcoursescrumblingintothesea.”

Thethreattosportingfixturesfromclimatechangeisalsohighlighted.Thereportestimatesthatby2050,almostoneinfourEnglishfootballleaguegroundscanexpectfloodingeveryyear.Thiswillmeanfewermatchesplayed,lessopportunitytowatchthebeautifulgame,andreducedrevenuefromticketsales.

CricketalsofaceshugechallengesgloballyastemperaturesriseinplaceslikeIndiaandAustralia.ThereportsaysthatstadiumsinAdelaideandPerthwillseea60percentincreaseindayswithtemperaturesover40°Coverthenextdecade.Thiswillcausemorematchestobepostponedor

canceledindefinitely.

Ofcourse,weknowthatthesolutionlieswithreducingourcarbonfootprint.Wecouldtravellesstoattendsportingeventsandreduceourwastewhenwedogo.Giventhatsportsareuniversallypopularandhighlyinfluential,players,teams,andtheirsponsorsshouldtaketheleadinpromotingacarbon-neutralmessagetohelpprotectsportsvenues–beforeit’s“gameover.”

Questions

By2050,whatpercentageofEnglishfootballleaguegroundsisestimatedtobefloodedannually?

Whatisthesuggestedsolutionforaddressingtheimpactofclimatechangeonsports?

Whoshouldleadtheefforttopromoteacarbon-neutralmessageforsportingvenues?

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

victims

underwater

Flooding

ticketsales

a60percentincrease

canceled

2

1.A2.B3.C

Thinkingandspeaking

Thefutureoflivesports:Willweatherruinthegame?Greeneffortsofsportsfans

LectureScripts

TheoriginoftheOlympics,withitsdiversityofsports,iswidelycreditedtoancientGreece.Yet,itislesscommonlyknownthatsomecontemporaryOlympicsportshavetheiroriginsinancientChina.Inthislecture,we’regoingtotracetheevolutionofsomeofthesemodernsports.

Let’sstartwithfootball.OnJuly15,2004,thepresidentofFIFAformallyannouncedtotheworldthatfootballoriginatedinZibo,ShandongProvince.OriginallyknownascujuinancientChina,itinvolvedkickingaballthroughanopeningintoanet.ThissportreacheditspeakpopularityintheTangandSongDynasties.Remarkably,thereisevidenceoffemalecujuplayersdatingbacktotheHanDynasty,asseeninthehistoricalartworkofgirlsplayingcuju,withtheirhairupandtheirlongsleeveswaving.BytheTangDynasty,femaleplayersprevailed.Atthattime,variousskillswere

widelyusedinplayingcuju,whichwasmainlyseenasentertainment.

Next,I’llpresenttoyouanotherancientgame–chuiwan,whichissimilartomoderngolf.ThegamebecamepopularintheSongDynastyandwasfeaturedinpaintingsaslateastheMingDynasty.Playersusedclubstohitwoodenballstowardbrightlycoloredflags.Soundsfamiliar?Therewasevenanearlyrecordoftherulesofgolf:WanJing,orTheClassicoftheBall,publishedduringtheYuanDynasty.Itlaysouttherules,andplacesgreatemphasisonsportsmanshipandcorrectbehavior,muchlikemoderngolf,whereetiquetteissuchanimportantelementofthegame.

ThefinalsportI’dliketotalkaboutisjiju,asportprettysimilartomodernpolo.Playersusedasticktohitaballwhileridingonahorse.ItgainedpopularitybothintheroyalcourtandamongcommonpeopleintheTangDynasty.Italsoservedasamajormilitarytrainingprograminthearmy.JijucontinuedtobepopularintotheYuanDynasty,butitbegantodeclineinthelateMingDynasty.ThegamewasbannedbytherulersduringtheQingDynastyandhasneverregaineditsappeal.

Throughthisexploration,wegainaprofoundunderstandingoftheoriginsoftheseenduringsports,highlightingChina’swealthofculturalathleticismlongbeforethebirthoftheOlympics.

Questions:

WhenwasWanJingpublished?

WhichofthefollowingistrueofWanJing?

WhatwasoneofthepurposesofjijuintheTangDynasty?

WhathappenedtojijuduringtheQingDynasty?

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

theTangandSongDynasties

anopening

Golf

brightlycoloredflags

gainedpopularity

ridingonahorse

2

1.C2.C3.A4.D

Thinkingandspeaking

AppreciatingculturalathleticisminancientChina

(参考译文)

Theballisround,thewallrectangular,asymbolicimageyinandyang.

Usingthemoonsasaguide,theylaysiegetooneanother.Withsixeach,arebalanced.

Aheadisnamedandanassistantappointed.

Theirinterpretationsoftherulesmustbeconstant.Unprejudicednearorfar.

Thereshallbenocurryingfavornorhigh-handednesswithanhonestheartandbalancedthoughts.

Noonecanfindfaultwithwrongdecisions.Iffootballisregulatedcorrectlylikethis,Howmuchthismustmeanfordailylife!

Storiesbehindpaintings

1.投壶 2.围棋

ViewingandunderstandingScripts

Voiceover:Fortop-levelsportspeople,it’snotjustskillandathleticismthatcount.Sooftenit’smindovermatter.Psychologyisnowseenasincreasinglyvitaltowinning.

PaddyRyan:Havingasportspsychologistisjustasvaluableasastrengthandconditioningcoach.Voiceover:Inelitesport,thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureisoftenthefinestofmargins.“Go!

It’sallaboutraisingthebaroneyeartothenext.Keel’sgood.”

Voiceover:TheannualboatracebetweenOxfordandCambridgeuniversitiesisoneoftheoldestandmostprestigiouseventsinthesportingcalendar.

“They’removingouttonearlyahalfalengthhere.VeryencouragingforCambridge.”

Voiceover: Forthecompetitors,it’s20minutesofpurepain,butalsopurepressure.

PaddyRyan:Whentheywalkoutsidethatboathouse,therewillbe100,000peoplestandingonthebank.Thatissomethingyoujustcan’tgetyourheadarounduntilyou’veactuallylivedit.

Voiceover:Howtherowerscopewiththatintensepressurecanmakethedifferencebetweengloryandfailure.TheCambridgewomen’steamhavewonthelasttworacesandthiswomanhasbeenoneofthesecretsoftheirsuccess.

HelenDavis:Iworkonmanagingtheirthinking,knowingthattheyareincontroloftheirpsychologicalstate.

Voiceover:SportspsychologistHelenDavishasworkedonspecifictechniquestohelptheteamatthemostmentallytestingmomentsintherace.

HelenDavis:Whenthepainkicksin,theyhavetriggerwordsthatthey’veplannedforinadvancethattheywillsaytothemselvestogetacrossthefinishline.

Voiceover:Astrainingforthe2019raceintensifies,justtryingtokeepupwithteammatesismentallygrueling.

LarkinSayre:Tryingtomakethosecrewsishugepressure.IgetoffthewaterandI’vejustbeentryingtokeepupwithpeoplewhocompeteatworldchampionshipsandthenIwork

onmyPhDandI’mtryingtokeepupwithpeoplethatIfeelaresomuchsmarterthanme.So,it’spressurethatIputonmyself.

HelenDavis:So,Iwillverymuchencouragethemtoviewpressureasachallenge.Focusoncertainthingswiththeirthinkingthat’sgoingtohelpthemwiththeirperformanceratherthanfocusingontheuncertaintiesoftheirsituation.

Voiceover:Understandingwhatmakesathletescopeorpanicatthosecrucialmomentsisanever-growingobsessioninprofessionalsport.It’sthemulti-billion-dollarquestionthatsportspsychologistsareconstantlytryingtoanswer.Dr.JamieBarkerlecturesattheworld’sleadingsportsscienceuniversity,LoughboroughinBritain.

JamieBarker:Whatisthereactionthatindividualsgothroughandhowdoesthatcontributetohowtheyperform?That’stheintriguethatwehave.

Ok.James,ifyoujusttrytorelaxasmuchasyoucan.

Voiceover:In2013,Jamiehelpeddeviseacardiovasculartest.Itcomparedthephysiologicalreactionsofathleteswhothriveinahigh-pressuresituationwiththosewhoflop.Agroupofaspiringprofessionalcricketersweresetaspecifictarget.

JamieBarker:Wehadascenariowheretheywouldhavetoscore36runsof(off)30deliverieswhenfacingtheballingmachine.

Voiceover:Thecricketerswerewarnedthattheirresultswouldbemadepublicandwoulddecidewhomakestheteamandwhodoesn’t.

Shot.

So,what’sheon,then?

10of10.

Voiceover:Nearlyhalftheplayershitthetestforsixandscoredtheruns.Andmostofthemwentintowhatpsychologistscallachallengestate.

JamieBarker:Inachallengestate,mybodyreleasesadrenalinewhichopensupmyarteries,whichmeansthere’sblood,glucose,andoxygengoingaroundmybody,I’mabletomakebetterdecisions.I’mabletomovequickly.

Voiceover:Overhalfthebatsmenfoundthemselvesonastickierwicketandfailedtomaketheruns.Theymostlyenteredtheso-calledthreatstate.

JamieBarker:InathreatstateIexperiencethereleaseofcortisol,whichconstrictsthearteriesaroundmyheart,there’slessbloodgoingaroundmybody,andhencemyperformancemaysuffer.Asasportspsychologist,wecanthenstarttogoinandsay,howcanwehelpyoutogofromathreatstatetoachallengestate?

Voiceover:Jamieemploysamentalvisualizationtechniquethatsportspsychologistshaveusedwithavarietyofprofessionalteams.Athletesareaskedtopictureasetofscales.Ononesidearetheirdemands,theobstaclestosuccess.They’retaughttotipthebalancetheotherway,towardstheirresources,theattributestheypossessthatcanhelpthem.

JamieBarker:Itisabouttryingtodevelopaperceptionofcontrol.Canindividualsreallyfocusonthethingsthattheycaninfluence,ratherthanworryingaboutexternalfactors?

Voiceover:Sportspsychologyissometimescriticizedasaphonyscience.Butmanymajorsportsteamsandpersonalitiesnowusepsychologists.Andthere’sgrowingacceptancethatthisboostsperformances.Insports,asintheworldbeyond,amentaledgecanbringawinningone.

HelenDavis:Everyoneonthisteampushesthemselvestoincrediblelimits.Andthat’swhythey’ve

comesofaracademicallyandinsports.

Questions:

WhattechniquedoesHelenDavisencouragetherowerstouseduringthemostmentallychallengingmomentsintherace?

WhatcanwelearnaboutLarkinSayre?

WhatwastheprimarypurposeofthecardiovasculartestdevisedbyJamieBarkerin2013?

Whenpicturingasetofscales,towardwhichsideareathletestaughttotipthebalance?

Referenceanswers

Viewingandunderstanding1

strengthandconditioning

challenge

uncertaintiesoftheirsituation

makebetterdecisions

perceptionofcontrol

externalfactors

2

1.D 2.D 3.D 4.B

Thinkingandspeaking

HelpingateammatemanagepressureSportsandbeyond

Unitproject

Givingapresentation

FurtherlisteningConversationScripts

W:Welcometothe“BeyondtheGame”podcast.Inthisprogramwe’regoingtolookintoadebatedtopic:Shouldathletesberolemodelsfortheyoung?WithmetodayisSteveJones,ayouthsportscoach.Let’sjumpstraightintotheheartofthematter.Steve,fromapsychologicalstandpoint,whatimpactdoathleteshaveonchildren?

M:Well,duetotheirtalentandtheirmediapresence,athletesareoftenseenasrolemodels.Childrenlooktothemforexamplesofbehavior,ethicalvalues,andlifestylechoices.Thiscanbepositivewhenathletesdemonstratesuchtraitsassportsmanshipandresilience.

W:Assomeonewhointeractswithchildrenregularly,howdoyouapproachthesubjectofathletes

asrolemodels?

M:Inmyexperience,kidsoftencopytheathletestheyadmire,tryingtoreplicatetheirskillsand,sometimes,theiroff-fieldbehavior.Istresstheimportanceofrecognizingthateveryonehasflawsandthatperfectionisn’tthegoal–it’sabouteffortandcharacter.

W:So,Steve,shouldathletesembracetheresponsibilityofbeingrolemodels?

M:Absolutely.Theyshouldunderstandthatpeoplearewatchingthemclosely.Actingasarolemodelisn’taboutbeingperfect;it’saboutshowingintegrity,evenwhentheymakemistakes.

W:Whencoachingyouthsports,howdoyouintegratetheconceptofathletesbeingrolemodels?M:Well,Ioftensharethestoriesofathleteswhonotonlysucceedintheirsportsbutalsocontributepositivelytotheircommunities.It’svitaltodiscusstheimportanceofteamwork,dedication,

andmaintainingloveforthegameabovethepursuitoffameandfortune.

W:Towrapup,whatmessagewouldyouoffertoyoungpeople?

M:Iwouldsay,it’simportanttofindrolemodelswhoembodythecharactertraitsweadmire.Lookforathleteswhoarenotjustchampionsintheirsportsbutalsointheirconductoffthefield.

W:Steve,thankyouforyourthoughtstoday.

M:Thepleasureisallmine.

Questions:

AccordingtoSteveJones,whyareathletesoftenseenasrolemodels?

WhatisthemostimportantlessonSteveJonestriestoteachchildrenaboutathletesasrolemodels?

AccordingtoSteveJones,whatshouldathletesprioritizeasrolemodels?

Referenceanswers

1.B2.C3.D

Passage1Scripts

Pickleballhasgotnothingtodowithpickles–it’sasport.Ithasbeendescribedasacombinationoftennis,badminton,andtabletennis.Pictureasmallplasticballflyinghighthroughtheair,whichyouneedtobatbacktoyourpartner,orpartners.

ManyBritsarelisteningtotheirinnerathleteandpickingupthisgame.PickleballEngland,anassociationintheUKestimatesitcouldhavemorethan25,000playersacrossthecountry.Andit’snotjustintheUK.Infact,itisnowoneofthefastest-growingsports,evenonaninternationallevel.Manyofficialsandgroupsareeventryingtohaveitaddedtothe2028Olympics.

Howexactlydoyouplaythisgame?Well,itcanbeplayedindoorsoroutdoors,anditcanbeplayedasasinglesordoublesgame.Thereareafeweasy-to-understandrules.Theballisservedunderhandandshouldbebatteddiagonallyacrossthecourt.Onthefirsttwohits,theballhastobounce,butafterthat,playersarefreetovolley.Ifthedefendingsidemissestheball,youcouldwinapoint.

So,whyisitpopular?Firstly,itappearstobeagameforallages.Theballislightweightbecause

it’sfullofholes.Thismeansthat,whenbatting,thereismuchlessimpactonthebodythanwhenhittingatennisball,forexample.ElaineBrownisinher50sandaregularpickleballplayer.Shesaid,“It’sgoodexercise,it’sstrategic,itcanbeashardoraseasyasyouwantittobe,andmostofthetime,it’sjustgoodfun.”

Thesocialaspectandlow-impactnatureofthegamehavebeenattractingplayersworldwide,creatingagrowingcommunityofpickleballenthusiasts.So,ifyoufancypickingitup,findyourlocalpickleballcourtandgiveitago!

Questions:

Whatdowelearnaboutpickleball?

Whichofthefollowingisakeyruleofpickleball?

Whyispickleballpopularwithplayersofallages?

Referenceanswers

1.D2.D3.C

Passage2Scripts

Intoday’ssportsworld,AIisn’tjustchangingthegameforproathletes;it’sagamechangerforanyonelookingtoimprovetheirfitness.Imaginegettingworkoutplansmadejustforyou,avoidinginjuriesbeforetheyhappen,andgettingtipsinthemiddleofyourworkouttomakeitbetter.That’sthepowerofAIinfitness.

AIcangenerateworkoutplansthatreallygetyou.Itlooksatwhatyou’regoodatandwhatyouwanttoachieve,thenrollsoutaplanthat’sallyours.It’slikehavingacoachwhoknowsyouinsideout,usingallthedatafromyourfitnessdevicestoguideyouonthefastesttracktoyourgoals.Andthebestpart?Thisisn’tjustforeliteathletesanymore.It’sforanyonewantingtogetfitinawaythatsuitsthemperfectly.

Thenthere’sthewholethingaboutdodginginjuries.AIhasgotaneyeforspottingwhenyourmovesmightleadyoutohurtyourself.Itcatchesthelittlesigns,likeifyou’removinginafunnywayorsomething’soffwithyourheartrate.Withthoseheads-up,youcanadjustyourtraininginrealtime.Thismeansyou’renotjustworkingoutmoresmartly,butmoresafely,too.

Andreal-timefeedback?That’satotalwin.WithAI,you’renotwaitingtilltheendofyourworkouttoseehowyoudid.It’slikehavingafriendrighttheretellingyou,“Hey,pickupthepace,”or“Easeup,you’repushingtoohard.”Thisway,everyjumporliftyoudocountsmore,andyouseetheresultsfaster.It’sallaboutmakingeveryworkoutcountandtrulyenjoyingtheride.

Witheverystep,everylift,andeverystretchtailor-madeforyou,whynotdiveinandseehowAIcanturnupthedialonyourfitnessjourney?

Questions:

WhatisonemajorbenefitofAIinfitness,accordingtothepassage?

HowdoesAIassistininjurypreventionduringworkouts?

HowdoesAIcanenhancetheenjoymentofworkouts?

Referenceanswers

1.A2.C3.D

LectureScripts

Today,Iwouldliketoshedlightonw