必刷卷04-2023年中考英语考前信息必刷卷(上海专用)(原卷版+解析)

绝密★启用前2023年中考英语考前信息必刷卷04英语（上海）从2022届开始，上海中考将实行“计分科目”+“招生录取政策”的全面改革，也就是750分+综合考查50分。2023年上海市初中学业水平考试英语听说测试将于5月13日-14日开考，考试采用人机对话方式进行，考试时间为10分钟，满分10分。中考急救指导——满分作文内容如下：

1.

记叙部分是什么？

2.

议论部分是什么？3.

夹叙夹议是什么？记叙部分主要是用在【结合个人经历】的地方。

在谈到个人经历的时候，通常都是发生过的事情，所以我们在描述的时候时态通常要用一般过去时。

主要是用在【发表个人感受】和【说明理由】的时候。

【发表个人感受】一般会结合【记叙】的部分，构成我们常说的【夹叙夹议文】，题目通常会有“请结合自己的经历，谈谈你的感受”这样的字样。

【说明理由】一般是要说明你为什么适合这个岗位，为什么想加入这个部门等题目，需要在文章中写明你适合的理由。

夹叙夹议其实就是结合上面提到的两个部分，先是写记叙部分，在写好自身经历后，再加上自己的感悟。我们是需要【结合自身经历】，也就是有【记叙】的板块，描述“我”之前参加过的社会公益劳动、学校组织的劳动活动、居家时的家务劳动等；

其次，我们在【记叙】结束后，可以适当发表【议论】，即分享我的感悟；

当然，在【记叙】前可以用1-2句来做一个铺垫，比如这篇文章可以铺垫说“在我们劳动的过程中，我们会有很多收获。有一次经历令我特别难忘。一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）1．WhenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawadrone(无人机)________overmyhead.A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly2．Alicespendsaboutonehour________thepianoaftershefinishesherhomeworkeveryday.A．practise B．topractise C．practising D．practised3．Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen________.A．infiveyears’time B．forthetimebeingC．bytheendoflastyear D．forfiveyears4．________myopinion,thisanimatedcartoonisthisdirector’sgreatestwork.A．By B．In C．On D．To5．Hehasreadmanybooksonhistory,soit’s_________forhimtowinthecontest.A．possible B．possibly C．proper D．properly6．Don’tstayuplate,________youwillfeelsleepythenextday.A．so B．or C．but D．and7．Unaware________thedangerorrisk,somedriversridetheircarsafterdrinking.A．of B．to C．for D．from8．Ourhousingestate________attheendofnextweektowelcomethecomingnewyear.A．isdecorated B．wasdecorated C．willbedecorated D．hasbeendecorated9．Wecannotfindtheownerofthepursebecausenooneknows_________itbelongsto.A．whose B．who C．when D．why10．________excitingtheresultis!Icouldn’tbelieveIpassedtheexamwithafullmark.A．How B．What C．Howan D．Whatan11．Myumbrellawashereaminuteago!________tookitbymistake,I’mafraid.A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Nobody12．Unlikemachines,humanbeings________docalculationswithoutmistakes.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t13．WithApril18’srailwayspeedup,highwayandairtransportwillhavetocompetefor________serviceforpassengers.A．thebest B．best C．better D．good14．Haveyouheardoftheterriblenews?Largeamountsofourpersonalinformation________ontheInternetlastnight.A．havebeensold B．wassoldC．hasbeensold D．weresold15．Duringthemeeting,thebosswasmakingapresentationwhilethesecretary________notes.A．hadtaken B．wastaking C．wouldtake D．took二、短文选词填空（每小题1分，共8分）Choosetheproperwordsintheboxtocompletethefollowingpassage.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce(选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)

A．dates

B．makesure

C．necessary

D．use

E.makeofEvenbeforehumanscouldreadorwrite,theyneededtocount.Firsttheyusedtheirfingers,butwhentheyhadtodealwithfiguresoverten,acountingdevicebecame____16____.Theearliestknowncalculatingdeviceisprobablytheabacus.It____17____backatleast3,000yearsagoandtheabacushasbeenusedforcenturiesbymerchants,clerks,studentsandaccountants.Itisstillin____18____today,particularlyinAsia.Infact,theabacushasbeenaroundsolongthateventhesmartesthistorianscan’t____19____whoinventedit.WhatwedoknowisthatitwasusedbyEgyptians,Persians,Chinese,Greeks,Romansandmore.A．screen

B．invented

C．atthebeginning

D．clearly

E.smallerMostpeoplesaythatthefatherofthemoderncomputerwastheEnglishmanCharlesBabbage.He____20____twodifferentkindsofcomputers.Theintroductionofelectricitychangedthecomputerindustry.ThomasEdison’sexperimentsledtotheinventionsofthescreenthatweusetodaytolookatpicturesonourcomputers.Thefirstprinterwasinvented____21____ofthetwentiethcentury.Evenwiththeuseofelectricity,computerswerestillhugemachines.In1947,thefirstsuccessfultransistor(晶体管)wasinventedandcomputersbecame____22____.In1952,thefirstcomputerthathadmemory,a____23____,akeyboardandaprinterwasdeveloped.ItwascalledEDVAC．AppleComputer,Inc.startedtoproducecomputersforordinarypeoplein1976.三、用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共8分）24．________(read)novelsisoneofmysister’shobbies.25．Idon’tlikemakingspeechesinpublic.It’sso________(embarrass).26．Kitty,agoodfriendof________,attendedthefifthChinaInternationalImportExpo.(my)27．Iwillnever________thedaysIspentwithmygrandparentsinthecountryside.(forgetful)28．Inthediarythegirlwrote:“________isthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.”(confident)29．Inmyopinion,itis________ofhertohidethetruthfromherparents.(honest)30．“Willitbepossibletogetmeanotherticket?”heasked____(hopeful).31．Therewerenomorefishfor_________(fisherman)tocatch.四、句型转换（每小题2分，共14分）Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired(根据所给要求完成句子。小题每空格限填一词)32．Mary’ssonwentoutfordinnerwithhisclassmateslastnight.(改为一般疑问句)________Mary’sson_______outfordinnerwithhisclassmateslastnight?33．Georgeandhisbrotherhavebeen

ITengineerssince2010.(对划线部分提问)________________haveGeorgeandhisbrotherbeenITengineers?34．Thekidsliketheirfriends’planforthepartybetterthantheirparents’.(保持句意基本不变)Thekids________theirfriends’planfortheparty________theirparents’.35．Theteachergaveusaveryusefullecturetoimproveourwritingskills.(改为感叹句)__________________

usefullecturetheteachergaveustoimproveourwritingskills!36．“Areyouenjoyingyournewjobs?”JessieaskedCarterandHarry.(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)JessieaskedCarterandHarry________they________enjoyingtheirnewjobs.37．Theyrepairtheroofofthebuildingonceayear.(改为被动语态)Theroofofthebuilding________________onceayear.38．ourteeth,toomuch,eating,isbadfor,chocolate

(连词成句)______________________.五、阅读单选（每小题2分，共12分）Jackyfeelsdifferentthesedays.Heisn’tasplayfulasusualanddoesn’tliketotalkmuch.SomeofusmayfeellikeJackysometimes.Whenunexpectedthingshappen,wecanfeellikethis.Therearealsosomeotherthingsthatcanputusinbadmoods.Herearesomeexamples.Wemightfeelbadifwe’renotgettingalongwellwithourfriends,orifwedopoorlyonanexam.Havingbadmoodstoooftencanaffectourmental(心理)health.The4habitsbelowcanharmourmentalhealth.SleeptoolittleAlackofsleepcanmakeusfeelbad.LackofexerciseForthebestresult,trytodonolessthan30minutesofexercisethreetofivetimesaweek.BaddietsStudieshaveshownthateatingcakesandbreadinlargequantities,andlowamountsoffruitandvegetablewillincreasetheriskofdepression(沮丧)andmooddisorders.BeinginsidealldaySpendingthemostofourdayindoorscanincreaseourriskfordepression.Don’tbeafraidofhavingbadmoods.Thetipsbelowcanhelpusovercomethem.AcceptourmoodsNoonecanbehappyallthetime.Ourfriendsandparentscanalsohavebadmoodssometimes.Badmoodsarenormal.Acceptthisfirstandthenwecanfindwaystodealwiththem.LetourbadfeelingsoutWhenwefeelunhappyorupset,don’thideourfeelingsorpretendnothingiswrong.Wecanfindacomfortablewaytoletthemout.Wecantalktoourparentsorfriends.Wecanwriteaboutourfeelingsinourdiary.Wecanreadourfavouritebooks.Wecanplaysportsordosomeotherkindsofactivities.SetanewgoalMessingup(搞砸)somethingcanputusinabadmood,too.Butwecanjusttryhardernexttime.Forexample:Wedidn’twinasoccergame.Trytoscoreagoalnexttime.Wedidn’tdowellonanexam.Trytogetfivemorepointsnexttime.Wehadanargumentwithourfriend.Nexttime,trytotalktohimorherinaniceway.RememberthatbadthingswillendNomatterwhatmakesusfeelbad,itwillendatlast.Rememberingthiswillhelpusfeelbetter.39．Whatcanaffectourmentalhealth?A．Feelingdifferentsometimes. B．Doingwellonexams.C．Gettingalongwellwithourfriends. D．Havingbadmoodstoooften.40．Forthebestresult,weshouldexercise________.A．atleast30minutesthreetofivetimesaweekB．nomorethan30minutesthreetofourtimesaweekC．nolessthan30minutestwiceaweekD．atleast30minutestwiceaweek41．Howmanyexamplesdoesthewritergiveonmessingupsomething?A．Three. B．Four. C．Seven. D．Eight.42．Theunderlinedword“them”refersto________.A．ourfriends B．ourparents C．badmoods D．sometips43．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Howtobedifferent B．HowtoexerciseC．Howtogetridofbadmoods D．Howtogetridofbaddiets44．IfJackyreadsaboutthearticle,whatwillheprobablydotomakehimselfplayfulagain?A．Hewillprobablyhaveatalkwithhisparents.B．Hewillprobablyarguewithhisfriend.C．Hewillprobablyrememberhisbadfeelings.D．Hewillprobablymessupsomething.六、完形填空（每小题2分，共12分）Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage.(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)Beforethepandemic,itwascommontogreetotherswithahugorashakeofthehand.That’snowbeing

____45____bysomepeoplewithanelboworfistbump(碰手肘或者拳头).Inthepast,menbowed-bendingforwardatthebodyandloweringtheheadasiftosay,“I’mnotallthatimportant”.Bowingiselegant(优雅的)andunlikeelbowbumps,cantotallyavoid____46____.So,whatdoyouthink?Shouldbowingmakeacomeback?Yes,it’sahumble,gracefulgreeting.Bowingprovidesapracticalandgracefulsolutiontotheproblemofhowtogreetoneanotherinthemidstofapandemic.Bumpingelbowsmightnotspreadcoronavirusbutitdoesn’thavetheeleganceofabow.Itcanbeawkwardnotknowinghowtogreetsomeone,soabowcansortthisout.Itmeansthatpeopleknow____47____whattodowithoutcolliding(碰撞)somewherebetweenahugandahandshake.Abowisagestureofhumility(谦逊),whichisasignofstrength.TheVictorianwriter,CharlesSpurgeon,wrotethatthehumilityofabowleadstofeelinginvincible(无敌的).____48____,intheseserioustimes,itcouldbefunpretendingtobeinanovelbyaVictorianwriter.No,it’s____49____togreetpeopleinthisway.Physicaltouchreducesanxiety,stressandevenpain.Thepandemichashighlighted(突出)howmuchpeoplewanttohugtheirfriendsandfamily.Canyouimaginebowingtoagrandmother?Inthepast,bowingwascommonintheUKwhenpeopleatthe____50____—suchasroyalty(皇室)andtherich—wereconsideredmoreimportantthanthoselowerdown—suchaschildrenandtheworkingclasses.Societyshouldnotgobacktoawayofdoingthingsthathighlightsinequalitybetweengroups.Therearebetterwaystogreet,suchastheSoutheastAsianwayofsaying“Namaste(合十礼)”,withpalmstogether,pointingupwardsingratitude.45．A．changed B．replaced C．exchanged D．turned46．A．contact B．connection C．relation D．link47．A．even B．early C．exactly D．especially48．A．Besides B．But C．Instead D．Still49．A．outofhand B．inuse C．outofdate D．inbusiness50．A．center B．bottom C．palace D．top七、短文首字母填空（每小题2分，共14分）Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：Theearthquakeshookdownhundredsofthousandsofdollars’worthofwallsandchimneysinSanFrancisco.Butthefirethatfollowedburneduphundredsofm____51____ofdollars’worthofbuildings.Notinhistoryhasamoderncitybeensocompletelydestroyed.SanFranciscoisgone.Nothingremainsofitb____52____memories.OnWednesdaymorningataquarterpastfivecametheearthquake.ByWednesdayafternoon,halftheheartofthecitywasgone.Iwatchedthebigfiresfromoutonthebay.East,west,northandsouth,strongwindswereb____53____uponthedeadcity.Dayandnightthefirescontinued.Wednesdaynightsawthedestructionoftheveryheartofthecity.Timeandtimeagain,successfuleffortsweremadebythefirefighters,andeverytime,theflameswouldappearonceagainfromthesidesorfrombehindthemonlytodefeattheirhard-wonv____54____.Throughoutthenight,tensofthousandsofhomelesspeoplemadetheirescape.Toywagonsandgo-cartswereusedastrucks.UnionSquarewaspackedwithrefugees.Governmenttentshadbeensetup.Peoplewereliningupforfreemeals.Everybodywasp____55____.NeverinallofSanFrancisco’shistorywereherpeoplesokindasonthishorriblenight.Atoneo’clockinthemorning,Iwalkeddownt____56____theheartofthecity.Arainofasheswasfalling.Notonepersonwasinsight.IstoodatthecornerofKearneyandMarket.Theplacehadbeengivenup.Afewblocksaway,itwasburningonbothsides.Thestreetwasawallofflames.AlldayThursdayandThursdaynight,alldayFridayandFridaynight,thefirescontinuedtoburn.Fridaynightsawtheflamesfinallyputout,thoughnotuntilafterRussianHillandTelegraphHillhadbeend____57____.Alloftheneighboringcitiesandtownshavebeenjammedwiththosewhoarenowhomeless.Refugeesarebeingtransportedforfreebytherailroadstoanypointtheywishtogo.Overonehundredthousandpeoplehaveleftthecity.＊ThisarticlewaswrittenbyAmericannovelistandjournalistJackLondon.Ithasbeenadaptedbyeditorsforyoungerreaders.八、阅读回答问题（每小题2分，共12分）Lastmonth,theGradeNinestudentsinGardenSchoolhadadebate(辩论)onthetopic“Isitagoodideaforparentstotalkaboutthefamilyfinances(家庭财政)withtheirkids?”.HerearesomeopinionsfromLisa,oneofthestudentswhothinksitisagoodidea.Mostparentsbelieveitisnotpropertotelltheirkidsabouthowmuchtheymakeandhowmuchtheyspend,somostfamiliesdon’ttalkaboutmoneywiththeirkids.Theybasicallyfeelitisnottheirconcern.Youcouldeasilyagree.Butisitreallynoneofourbusiness?Doesn’tourparents’income(收入)affectus?Theyusethemoneytopayforfood,clothingandshelter.Iftheylosttheirjobsandbecameunemployed,wouldn’tthataffectus,too?I’mnotgoingtosayparentsshouldshowtheirkidseverybillbeforepayingitorthattheyshouldasktheirkidsforadviceonbigfinancialdecisions,butIwillsaytheyshouldkeepkidsinvolvedandinformed.Itispartofteachingthemaboutmoneyandlife.Kidsfollowtheirparents’everymoveandlearnfromthem.Parentshavetoteachtheirkidsaboutmoneybecausekidsdon’tlearnitinschool.Asaparent,it’snecessarytoteachthemaboutsaving,investingandstayingawayfromcredit(赊欠).Also,parentshavetomanagetheirownmoneywelliftheyreallywanttosetanexample.SoIthinkit’sagoodideaforparentstotalkaboutthefamilyfinanceswiththeirkids.Tellthemhowmuchyoursalaryis.Itmighthelpthemdecidewhichcareertochoose.Tellthemhowyouspendyourownmoneyandtalktothembeforeyoumakebigpurchasessuchasanewcar.Includethemintheprocesssothattheyknowhowitworksandaresatisfiedwithit.Youcanincludethemmoreandmoreastheygetolder.Don’tmakemoneyataboo(禁忌)issueinyourhome.58．Mostfamiliestalkaboutmoneywiththeirkids,don’tthey?________________________________________________.59．WhendidtheGradeNinestudentsinGardenSchoolhaveadebate?_____________________________________________________________.60．AccordingtoLisa,whatdoparentsusemoneytodo?_____________________________________________________________.61．Whydoparentshavetoteachtheirkidsaboutmoney?_____________________________________________________________.62．WhatdoesLisameanbysaying“Isitreallynoneofourbusiness”?_____________________________________________________________.63．Doyouwantyourparentstotalkaboutfamilyfinanceswithyou?Whyorwhynot?Pleasegiveatleasttworeasons._____________________________________________________________.九、材料作文（共25分）64．习近平总书记在新年贺词中指出“我们都在努力奔跑，我们都是追梦人。”心怀梦想，奋力追梦！同学们，作为即将面临中考的初三学子，你们有什么计划和行动呢？请浏览下面一张思维导图，以“APlanfortheFollowingMonths”为题，写一篇英语作文｡注意:(1)短文必须包括所有要点，并做适当发挥：(2)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名：(3)词数：80—100(短文首句已给出，不计入总词数)｡APlanfortheFollowingMonthsAsaGrade9student,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________绝密★启用前2023年中考英语考前信息必刷卷04英语（上海）从2022届开始，上海中考将实行“计分科目”+“招生录取政策”的全面改革，也就是750分+综合考查50分。2023年上海市初中学业水平考试英语听说测试将于5月13日-14日开考，考试采用人机对话方式进行，考试时间为10分钟，满分10分。中考急救指导——满分作文内容如下：

1.

记叙部分是什么？

2.

议论部分是什么？3.

夹叙夹议是什么？记叙部分主要是用在【结合个人经历】的地方。

在谈到个人经历的时候，通常都是发生过的事情，所以我们在描述的时候时态通常要用一般过去时。

主要是用在【发表个人感受】和【说明理由】的时候。

【发表个人感受】一般会结合【记叙】的部分，构成我们常说的【夹叙夹议文】，题目通常会有“请结合自己的经历，谈谈你的感受”这样的字样。

【说明理由】一般是要说明你为什么适合这个岗位，为什么想加入这个部门等题目，需要在文章中写明你适合的理由。

夹叙夹议其实就是结合上面提到的两个部分，先是写记叙部分，在写好自身经历后，再加上自己的感悟。我们是需要【结合自身经历】，也就是有【记叙】的板块，描述“我”之前参加过的社会公益劳动、学校组织的劳动活动、居家时的家务劳动等；

其次，我们在【记叙】结束后，可以适当发表【议论】，即分享我的感悟；

当然，在【记叙】前可以用1-2句来做一个铺垫，比如这篇文章可以铺垫说“在我们劳动的过程中，我们会有很多收获。有一次经历令我特别难忘。一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）1．WhenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawadrone(无人机)________overmyhead.A．flies B．flying C．flew D．fly【答案】B【详解】句意：当我走在街上时，我看到一架无人机从我头顶飞过。考查非谓语动词。see…dosth看到……做某事，强调看到整个过程或经常发生的动作；see…doingsth看到……正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。根据“WhenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawadrone(无人机)…overmyhead”可知，看到无人机正从头顶上飞过，应填现在分词作宾补，故选B。2．Alicespendsaboutonehour________thepianoaftershefinishesherhomeworkeveryday.A．practise B．topractise C．practising D．practised【答案】C【详解】句意：爱丽丝每天做完作业后要花一个小时练习钢琴。考查非谓语动词。根据spendtimedoingsth.“花时间做某事”可知，此处要用动名词形式。故选C。3．Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen________.A．infiveyears’time B．forthetimebeingC．bytheendoflastyear D．forfiveyears【答案】D【详解】句意：校园里的小型自助书店已经开了五年了。考查时间状语。infiveyears’time“在五年的时间里”；forthetimebeing“暂时”；bytheendoflastyear“到去年年底”；forfiveyears“五年”。根据“Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen...”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，且“beenopen”是延续性动词形式，故应与“for+一段时间”连用。故选D。4．________myopinion,thisanimatedcartoonisthisdirector’sgreatestwork.A．By B．In C．On D．To【答案】B【详解】句意：在我看来，这部动画片是这位导演最伟大的作品。考查介词辨析。By通过；In在……里面；On在……上；To向，朝着。根据“myopinion”可知，此处指在我看来，应用介词In；inone’sopinion“在某人看来”。故选B。5．Hehasreadmanybooksonhistory,soit’s_________forhimtowinthecontest.A．possible B．possibly C．proper D．properly【答案】A【详解】句意：他读了许多历史方面的书，所以他有可能赢得比赛。考查it固定句型及词语辨析；possible可能的，形容词；possibly可能地，副词；proper正确的，形容词；properly正确地，副词。根据“Hehasreadmanybooksonhistory...”可知，他读了许多历史方面的书。由此推断，他有可能赢得比赛。It’s+形容词+forsb.todosth.，表示“某人做某事是……的”，因此，此处使用形容词possible，表示“可能的”符合语境。故选A。6．Don’tstayuplate,________youwillfeelsleepythenextday.A．so B．or C．but D．and【答案】B【详解】句意：不要熬夜太晚，否则第二天你会感到困倦。考查连词辨析。so所以；or否则；but但是；and和。根据“Don’tstayuplate,...youwillfeelsleepythenextday.”可知，此处句型为“祈使句+or+陈述句”的结构，表示以祈使句为假设条件下的相反假设，意为“否则”。故选B。7．Unaware________thedangerorrisk,somedriversridetheircarsafterdrinking.A．of B．to C．for D．from【答案】A【详解】句意：由于不知道危险或风险，一些司机酒后驾车。考查介词辨析。of……的；to去……；for为了；from从……。根据“Unaware…thedangerorrisk,somedriversridetheircarsafterdrinking.”可知此处应是beunawareof“没有意识到……”，作状语时，不加be动词。故选A。8．Ourhousingestate________attheendofnextweektowelcomethecomingnewyear.A．isdecorated B．wasdecorated C．willbedecorated D．hasbeendecorated【答案】C【详解】句意：我们的小区将在下周末进行装修以迎接即将到来的新年。考查动词的时态。根据“attheendofnextweek”可知，动作还未发生，故应用一般将来时，由于“Ourhousingestate”和“decorate”为被动关系，“我们小区”是“被装修”，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，即“willbe+过去分词”的结构。故选C。9．Wecannotfindtheownerofthepursebecausenooneknows_________itbelongsto.A．whose B．who C．when D．why【答案】B【详解】句意：我们找不到钱包的主人，因为没人知道它属于谁。考查宾语从句。whose谁的；who谁；when什么时候；why为什么。根据“Wecannotfindtheownerofthepurse”可知是因为没有人知道钱包属于谁，应用who作belongto的宾语，故选B。10．________excitingtheresultis!Icouldn’tbelieveIpassedtheexamwithafullmark.A．How B．What C．Howan D．Whatan【答案】A【详解】句意：结果是多么的令人兴奋啊！我不能相信我以满分通过了考试。考查感叹句。根据感叹句的句型“How+形容词/副词+主谓”，可知，空格后是形容词（exciting）+主语（theresult）+谓语（is）所以应是How。故选A。11．Myumbrellawashereaminuteago!________tookitbymistake,I’mafraid.A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Nobody【答案】B【详解】句意：我的伞一分钟前还在这里！恐怕是有人拿错了。考查复合不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“Myumbrellawashereaminuteago”可知，雨伞不见了，有人拿走了，故选B。12．Unlikemachines,humanbeings________docalculationswithoutmistakes.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t【答案】A【详解】句意：与机器不同，人类不能够在进行计算时没有错误。考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“docalculationswithoutmistakes.”可知表示计算时没有错误，这是不能做到的事情，应用can’t。故选A。13．WithApril18’srailwayspeedup,highwayandairtransportwillhavetocompetefor________serviceforpassengers.A．thebest B．best C．better D．good【答案】C【详解】句意：随着4月18日铁路提速，高铁和空运将不得以更好的服务来争取（更多）乘客。考查形容词比较级。根据“highwayandairtransport”及“competefor”可知此处对象是两个，存在竞争关系，所以应用比较级，故选C。14．Haveyouheardoftheterriblenews?Largeamountsofourpersonalinformation________ontheInternetlastnight.A．havebeensold B．wassoldC．hasbeensold D．weresold【答案】B【详解】句意：你听说这个可怕的消息了吗？昨晚我们的大量个人信息在互联网上被出售。考查被动语态。主语information和动词sell之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；根据时间状语“lastnight”可知句子时态应是一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+动词的过去分词；主语information是不可数名词，be动词用was。故选B。15．Duringthemeeting,thebosswasmakingapresentationwhilethesecretary________notes.A．hadtaken B．wastaking C．wouldtake D．took【答案】B【详解】句意：开会时，老板在做报告，秘书在做笔记。考查动词时态。根据“wasmakingapresentationwhile”可知while连接的两个动作同时进行，都用过去进行时：was/weredoing。故选B。二、短文选词填空（每小题1分，共8分）Choosetheproperwordsintheboxtocompletethefollowingpassage.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce(选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)

A．dates

B．makesure

C．necessary

D．use

E.makeofEvenbeforehumanscouldreadorwrite,theyneededtocount.Firsttheyusedtheirfingers,butwhentheyhadtodealwithfiguresoverten,acountingdevicebecame____16____.Theearliestknowncalculatingdeviceisprobablytheabacus.It____17____backatleast3,000yearsagoandtheabacushasbeenusedforcenturiesbymerchants,clerks,studentsandaccountants.Itisstillin____18____today,particularlyinAsia.Infact,theabacushasbeenaroundsolongthateventhesmartesthistorianscan’t____19____whoinventedit.WhatwedoknowisthatitwasusedbyEgyptians,Persians,Chinese,Greeks,Romansandmore.A．screen

B．invented

C．atthebeginning

D．clearly

E.smallerMostpeoplesaythatthefatherofthemoderncomputerwastheEnglishmanCharlesBabbage.He____20____twodifferentkindsofcomputers.Theintroductionofelectricitychangedthecomputerindustry.ThomasEdison’sexperimentsledtotheinventionsofthescreenthatweusetodaytolookatpicturesonourcomputers.Thefirstprinterwasinvented____21____ofthetwentiethcentury.Evenwiththeuseofelectricity,computerswerestillhugemachines.In1947,thefirstsuccessfultransistor(晶体管)wasinventedandcomputersbecame____22____.In1952,thefirstcomputerthathadmemory,a____23____,akeyboardandaprinterwasdeveloped.ItwascalledEDVAC．AppleComputer,Inc.startedtoproducecomputersforordinarypeoplein1976.【答案】16．C

17．A

18．D

19．B

20．B

21．C

22．E

23．A【导语】本文介绍了算盘和计算机的历史。16．句意：起初他们用手指，但当他们要处理超过10的数字时，一种计数设备就变得有必要了。分析句子可知这里应填形容词，作表语；根据上下文“whentheyhadtodealwithfiguresoverten…”和“Theearliestknowncalculatingdeviceisprobablytheabacus.”可知当人们需要计算十以上的数字时，算盘应运而生，这种计数工具很有必要，所以这里用形容词“necessary必要的”。故选C。17．句意：它可以追溯到至少三千年前，几个世纪以来，商人、职员、学生和会计都在使用算盘。分析句子可知这里应填动词，结合语境和空后“backatleast3,000yearsago”可知用算盘的历史可以追溯到3000年前，用短语“dateback追溯到”，所以这里用“dates”。故选A。18．句意：今天它仍然在使用，尤其在亚洲。根据“Itdatesbackatleast3,000yearsagoandtheabacushasbeenusedforcenturiesbymerchants,clerks,studentsandaccountants.”和“Infact,theabacushasbeenaroundsolong…”以及备选词汇可知算盘现如今仍然在使用中，所以这里用“use使用”，构成短语“beinuse在使用中”。故选D。19．句意：事实上，算盘已经存在很长时间，即使是最聪明的历史学家也不能确定是谁发明了它。根据“Itdatesbackatleast3,000yearsago…Itisstillinusetoday…theabacushasbeenaroundsolongthateventhesmartesthistorianscan’t”和“whoinventedit”以及备选项可知算盘由来已久，但至今无法确定其发明者，所以这里用短语“makesure确定”。故选B。20．句意：他发明了两种不同的计算机。分析句子可知这里缺动词，根据前一句“MostpeoplesaythatthefatherofthemoderncomputerwastheEnglishmanCharlesBabbage.”和备选项可知大部分人说现代计算机之父是英国人CharlesBabbage，即他发明了计算机，所以这里用“invented发明”。故选B。21．句意：第一台打印机是在二十世纪初发明的。结合语境和常识以及备选项可知计算机的第一台打印机诞生于20世纪初，所以这里用短语“atthebeginning在……开始”。故选C。22．句意：1947年，第一个成功的晶体管被发明出来，计算机变得更小了。分析句子这里应填形容词，作表语；根据前一句“Evenwiththeuseofelectricity,computerswerestillhugemachines.”和常识以及备选项可知开始的计算机体积庞大，后来出现了晶体管，所以计算机的体积就变小了，因此空处用“smaller更小的”。故选E。23．句意：1952年，第一台具有存储器、屏幕、键盘和打印机的计算机被研制出来。结合语境和上文“ThomasEdison’sexperimentsledtotheinventionsofthescreenthatweusetodaytolookatpicturesonourcomputers.”以及备选项可知存储器、键盘和打印机都是计算机的部件，空处也应该是计算机的组成部分，所以这里用“screen屏幕”。故选A。三、用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共8分）24．________(read)novelsisoneofmysister’shobbies.【答案】Reading【详解】句意：看小说是我姐姐的爱好之一。根据“novels”可知应用不定式或动名词作主语，动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作，而不定式作主语表示具体某一次的动作。原句中“看小说”是抽象动作，应用read的动名词形式，即reading，句首字母要大写，故填Reading。25．Idon’tlikemakingspeechesinpublic.It’sso________(embarrass).【答案】embarrassing【详解】句意：我不喜欢在公共场合演讲。太尴尬了。根据“It’sso”可知后接形容词作表语，代词it指代上一句提到的“在公共场合演讲”这件事，因此应用embarrass的形容词embarrassing表示“令人尴尬的”。故填embarrassing。26．Kitty,agoodfriendof________,attendedthefifthChinaInternationalImportExpo.(my)【答案】mine【详解】句意：我的一位好朋友Kitty参加了第五届中国国际进口博览会。根据“agoodfriendof”可知，此处为双重所有格结构，因此空处用名词所有格mine。故填mine。27．Iwillnever________thedaysIspentwithmygrandparentsinthecountryside.(forgetful)【答案】forget【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我和祖父母在农村度过的日子。根据“Iwillnever...”可知此处用动词原形forget“忘记”。故填forget。28．Inthediarythegirlwrote:“________isthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.”(confident)【答案】Confidence【详解】句意：女孩在日记中写道：“自信是通往成功的第一步。”分析句子结构可知，此处是主语，因此用名词形式；confident意为“自信的”，其名词为confidence，为不可数名词，句子开头首字母大写。故填Confidence。29．Inmyopinion,itis________ofhertohidethetruthfromherparents.(honest)【答案】dishonest【详解】句意：在我看来，她向父母隐瞒真相是不诚实的。根据“hidethetruthfromherparents”可知她向父母隐藏真相是不诚实的，作be动词的表语用形容词dishonest“不诚实的”。故填dishonest。30．“Willitbepossibletogetmeanotherticket?”heasked____(hopeful).【答案】hopefully【详解】句意：他满怀希望地问：“有可能再给我弄一张票吗？”ask是动词，修饰动词应该用副词，hopeful有希望的，形容词，其副词形式为hopefully。故填hopefully。31．Therewerenomorefishfor_________(fisherman)tocatch.【答案】fishermen【详解】句意：没有更多的鱼供渔民捕捞了。fisherman意为“渔民”，可数名词，此处表示泛指，空前无冠词，故用名词的复数形式，表示一类事物。故填fishermen。四、句型转换（每小题2分，共14分）Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired(根据所给要求完成句子。小题每空格限填一词)32．Mary’ssonwentoutfordinnerwithhisclassmateslastnight.(改为一般疑问句)________Mary’sson_______outfordinnerwithhis