2025年高二英语寒假衔接讲练 (译林版)第04讲 选择必修第三册 Unit 4 Protecting the heritage sitest(知识讲解+高考必考题型练)(学生版)

第04讲选择必修第三册Unit4Protectingtheheritagesites目录新知导航：熟悉课程内容、掌握知识脉络基础知识：知识点全面梳理，掌握必备重点记忆：关键点快速记忆，提升能力小试牛刀：考点剖析+过关检测，合理应用核心单词讲解1.preservevt.维护，保护，保存；维持(1)preserve...from... 保护……免受……(2)well-preserved adj.保存良好的(3)preservation n.维护；保护；保养2.urgentadj.紧急的，紧迫的，催促的，急切的(1)inurgentneedof 急需(2)urgesb.todosth. 催促某人做某事urgesth.on/uponsb. 对某人强调某事urgethat...(should)do... 主张……Itisurgedthat...(should)do... 人们坚决要求……(3)haveanurgetodosth. 渴望做某事(4)urgently adv. 紧急地(5)urgency n. 紧急；催促；紧急的事3.weardown(使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平wearout 磨损，耗尽；穿破；使筋疲力尽wearoff 磨损；逐渐消逝wearaway 磨损；消磨；流逝wearon 缓慢地进行；时间消逝wearandtear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗4.ruinvt.破坏，毁坏，使破产，毁灭n.毁坏，毁灭，破产；残垣断壁(1)ruinone’shealth/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途ruinoneself 毁掉自己(2)inruins 严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉come/fallintoruin (因缺乏照料而)衰落，败落bring...toruin 使……失败；使……毁坏bereducedtoruins 沦为废墟5.conflictn.(军事)冲突，战斗，争论，矛盾，不一致(1)inconflictwith 和……冲突comeintoconflictwith 和……冲突(2)conflict v. 起冲突conflictwith 冲突；与……抵触6.assessvt.评估，评定，估算(1)assesssth. 评估某物assesswhether(how)... 评估是否(如何)……assess...at... 把……估价为……assess...as... 把……评估为……(2)assessment n.评估，评价，评定(3)assessor n.技术顾问；估价员7.consultationn.咨询；商讨；就诊(1)inconsultationwith 经与……磋商(2)consult vt.查阅；商量；向……请教consultadictionary 查字典consultsb.aboutsth. 向某人咨询/请教某事consultwithsb.about/onsth. 就某事与某人商量(3)consultant n.顾问8.suspendvt.暂停；悬，挂(1)suspendsth.from 把……悬挂在……上suspendbusiness 停止营业suspendpayment 停止支付；宣告破产(2)suspension n.悬浮；暂停；停职(3)suspended adj.悬浮的；暂停的，缓期的9.divisionn.分歧；分开，分隔(1)thedivisionbetweenAandB A和B之间的分歧(2)divide v.(使)分开，分隔；使产生分歧；除以o 把……分成divideby 除以；用……除10.operatorn.操作人员，技工；接线员(1)operate v.工作；运转；给……做手术；操作operateon/uponsb. 给某人动手术(2)operation n.手术；运转beinoperation 经营；营业come/gointooperation 开始工作/运转；生效put/bring...intooperation实施/施行……11.cooperationn.合作，协作；协助，配合(1)cooperationbetween... ……之间的合作incooperationwith 与……合作(2)cooperate v.合作，配合；协力cooperatewith 与……合作(3)cooperator n.合作者；合作社社员(4)cooperative adj.合作的；配合的12.interruptvt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断(1)interrupt...with... 因……打断……beinterruptedby 被……打断(2)interruption n.打扰；插嘴；障碍物withoutinterruption 连续地；不断地13.votevt.&vi.投票，表决n.选票；投票(1)votefor 投票赞成……；表决voteagainst... 投票反对……voteon... 就……表决(2)votesfor/against... 支持/反对……的选票have/takeavoteon 就……表决put...tothevote 付诸表决14.reserven.自然保护区；储备vt.预订；预留；保留(1)reserve...for... 为……而保留；贮备(2)withreserve 有条件地；有保留地withoutreserve 无条件地；无保留地keepinreserve 留作预备naturereserve 自然保护区(3)reservation n.预订，预约15.humblevt.使感到谦卑，使感到自惭adj.谦虚的，谦卑的(1)behumbledby为……感到谦卑/渺小humbleoneself 低声下气；表示谦恭(2)humbly adv.谦逊地；低声下气地16.submitvt.&vi.提交，呈递；屈服(1)submitsth.tosb.把某物呈送给某人submitto 提交；向……提出；服从，屈服submit(oneself)to... 向……顺从；屈服；投降(2)submission n.投降，服从；提交beat/force/starvesb.intosubmission打得/强迫/饿得某人屈服17.assignvt.指定，指派；分配；确定(1)assignsth.tosb.=assignsb.sth.把某物派给某人/分配给某人某物assignsb.tosth. 任命、指定某人到某一职位assignwork 派活；指派工作(2)assignment n.分配；任务；作业18.takeshape成形，有了模样(1)shapeinto形成；成长为shapeup 形成；成形；顺利发展(2)ingoodshape 处于良好状况intheshapeof 以……的形式；呈……的形状outofshape 走样；身体状况不佳19.expansionn.扩展，扩大，膨胀(1)expandvt.&vi.扩张；发展；膨胀expandinto 扩大为(2)expanded adj.扩充的，展开的20.entryn.进入；参与，加入；参赛entryinto进入，加入makeone’sentryto 进入berefusedentryinto 被拒绝入境/入内adictionaryentry 一个字典条目NoEntry 禁止入内21.banvt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事n.禁令(1)bansb.fromsth./doingsth.禁止某人做某事(2)abanon... 关于……的禁令lifttheban 解禁；取消禁令二、重点词块速记1.weardown(使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平

2.befacedwith 面临

3.onpurpose 故意地

4.wearandtear (正常使用造成的)磨损，

损耗5.berecognizedas 被认为，被当作

6.forthebenefitof 为了……利益

7.breakout 爆发

8.inneedof 需要9.leadto/contributeto 导致10.participatein 参加11.dueto/thanksto 由于，因为12.put...indanger 使……处于危险中13.thedemandfor... ……的要求14.take...asanexample 以……为例15.atthethoughtof 一想到16.takeshape 成形，有了模样

17.passthrough 穿过

18.asfaras 远至

19.serveas

充当

20.givesb.accessto... 使某人接触……

21.remaininuse 仍在使用22.atone’speak 在……的鼎盛期三、重点句型剖析1.Ifso,youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCOisfightingtopreservesitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.(Ifso)如果是这样,你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织努力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化和自然遗址。2.IhavethebeliefthatsomeofyouhaveheardaboutUNESCOheritagesitesormaybeevenvisitedone!(that引导同位语从句)我相信你们中有些人听说过联合国教科文组织的文化遗址,甚至可能参观过一个!3.MillionsoftouriststraveltoUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteseveryyear,soitisonlynaturalthatthesitessufferabitofwearandtear.(itis+adj.+that...)每年有大量游客到联合国教科文组织世界遗产地旅游,因此这些遗产地日渐磨损是很自然的。4.Themoreweacknowledgetheoutstandinguniversalvalueofourheritagesites,themorelikelywearetotreatthemwithrespect.(themore...,themore...)我们越是承认我们的遗产具有突出的普遍价值,我们就越有可能尊重它们。5.Itisinplaceslikethesethatwecannothelpbutbehumbled,cometounderstandourlimitationsashumanbeings,andknowthatourdutyistoprotectthemforfuturegenerations.

(itis…that…的强调句)正是在这样的地方,我们不得不谦卑,开始认识到我们作为人类的局限性,并知道我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。6.Coveringvastdistancesandanastonishingvarietyoflandscapes,theSilkRoadwasanetworkofancienttraderoutesthatextendedfromEastAsiaallthewaytotheMediterranean.(现在分词短语作状语)丝绸之路是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网,跨越遥远的距离,覆盖各种景观,令人惊叹。7.ThismadehistoryinitsownwayasthefirstsuccessfulmultinationalWorldHeritageapplication—anditseemstobeonlythebeginningoftheroadfortheSilkRoad,asothercountriesarealsoplanningWorldHeritageapplicationsforothersectionsofthenetwork.(Itseemstobe...)这用它自己的方式创造了历史,成为第一个成功的跨国世界遗产申请——这似乎只是丝绸之路申遗方式的开始,因为其他国家都在计划为这个贸易路网的其他部分申请世界遗产。8.Assignedbytheemperor,theambassadorZhangQianjourneyedfromChang’antoCentralAsia,seekingtobuildbridgesbetweentheHanDynastyandtheWesternRegions.(过去分词短语作状语)使者张骞奉旨由长安城出发,长途跋涉至中亚地区,力求搭建汉朝和西域沟通的桥梁。9.FollowingZhang’sefforts,traderoutestookshapeandrelationshipswerestrengthenedbetweenthemajorpowersofthetime,withtheroutesnetworkreachingasfarastheRomanEmpire.(with复合结构)经过张(骞)的努力,贸易路线成形了,随着路网一直延伸至罗马帝国,当时主要强国间的关系也得以加强。、重点句型1.ifso(教材原句)Ifso,youmightalreadyunderstandwhyUNESCOisfightingtopreservesitesofculturalandnaturalimportancetomankind.

如果是这样,你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织努力保护对人类具有重要意义的文化和自然遗址。ifso是if条件状语从句的省略形式,意为“如果是这样的话”,表示肯定意义;如果表示否定意义,则用ifnot。常见if条件状语从句的省略形式有:Ifever如果有过/发生过的话，Ifany如果有的话/ifpossible如果有可能/ifnecessary如果有必要2.It+be(seems/seemed/appears/appeared)+adj.+that...(教材原句)MillionsoftouriststraveltoUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteseveryyear,soitisonlynaturalthatthesitessufferabitofwearandtear.

每年有数百万的游客前往联合国教科文组织的世界遗产地旅游,所以这些遗产地遭受一些磨损是很自然的事。It+be(seems/seemed/appears/appeared)+adj.+that...句式中it作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语。这个句式中的形容词是important,necessary,natural,strange等时,后面that引导的从句要用“should+动词原形”作谓语,should表达“惊奇,怀疑,惋惜,理应如此”等意义,可以省略。3.the+比较级...,the+比较级...Themoreweacknowledgetheoutstandinguniversalvalueofourheritagesites,themorelikelywearetotreatthemwithrespect.

我们越是承认我们的遗产地具有突出的普遍价值,我们就越有可能尊重它们。the+比较级...,the+比较级...表示“越……,越……”。4.given…Giventhesedangers,itwasinurgentneedofrepair.鉴于这些危险,它迫切需要修复。given用作介词,引导的短语作状语,表示“考虑到……;鉴于……”。有些现在分词或过去分词形式,实际上用作介词或连词。如:supposingconj.假设，如果；provided/providingconj.假设，如果/givenprep.鉴于，考虑到/consideringprep.&conj.鉴于，考虑到；concerningprep.关于/includingprep.包括，包含5.Itis…that…强调句(教材原句)Itisinplaceslikethesethatwecannothelpbutbehumbled,cometounderstandourlimitationsashumanbeings,andknowthatourdutyistoprotectthemforfuturegenerations.

正是在这样的地方,我们不得不谦卑,开始认识到我们作为人类的局限性,并知道我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。Itis/was...that/who...强调句型(1)基本句型:Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分.(2)一般疑问句:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分?(3)特殊疑问句:疑问词(被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分?(4)not...until...结构的强调句型:Itis/wasnotuntil...that...重点语法(同位语从句)一、概念同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对其前面的名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。二、用法1.同位语从句常用于下列名词之后:news,idea,fact,promise,order,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,possibility,word,decision,answer,belief,information,knowledge,law,opinion,plan,truth,advice,announcement,argument,claim,conclusion,evidence,explanation,feeling,impression,proposal,remark,reply,report,reason,saying,statement,warning,wish等。2.同位语从句的连接词:连词that,whether连接代词what,who,whom,which,whose连接副词when,where,how,whyTheywerewildwithjoywhentheyheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwonthecompetition.当听到他们队赢得比赛的消息时,他们欣喜若狂。Peoplehavedifferentviewsonthequestionwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.对于公园是否应该收门票的问题,人们有不同的看法。三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别(1)同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系;而定语从句是修饰先行词。(2)that在同位语从句中无词义,不充当句子成分;而在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等句子成分。(3)whether,how,what可以引导同位语从句,不能引导定语从句。(4)who,whom,which,when,where,why引导同位语从句,保持原来疑问词的含义,而引导定语从句时,不具有疑问词的含义。【名师点津】同位语从句用法提醒(1)连词作“是否”讲时,用whether而不用if。(2)that引导同位语从句时一般不省略。(3)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而被别的词语隔开,在语法上叫作分隔式同位语从句。如:(4)在suggestion,advice,request,order等意为“建议、命令、要求”的名词后,同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,句中的should可以省略。如:Thisismysuggestionthatyou(should)notstayuptoolatetodoyourhomework.这是我的建议,你不应该熬夜做作业。(5)名词doubt(怀疑)用于肯定句时,其后的同位语从句用whether引导;用于否定句时其后的同位语从句用that引导。考点一、核心单词语法填空I.单词拼写1.Anoisymotorwayhas________(毁坏)thepeacefulvillagelife.2.Theylookedathimwithamixtureofhorror,envy,and________(敬畏).3.AccordingtoDr.Tina,mostpeoplevolunteermainlyoutof________(内在的)needs.4.Theeditorsagreedona________(划分)ofthetextbookintotenunits.5.Egypt,asthebirthplaceofancient________(文明),isamysteriousland.6.Tooursurprise,thefarmerstilllivesina________(简陋的)housethoughhemadeabigfortune.7.Itneeds________(合作)fromallthecountriestogetanymovementinarmscontrol.8.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwith________(冲突)amongpeople.9.Tobetter________(保护)thehutongarchitectureofBeijingandservecustomers’needsatthesametime,about500householdswererelocated.10.Inordertomeetthe________(紧迫的)needsofthefourmodernizations,improvingtheteachingqualityisataskwhichpermitsnodelay.II.单句语法填空1.(2023上·陕西西安·高一西安市第六十四中学校考阶段练习)WewillvisitsomeRomanmonumentsintheworld,which

(preserve)well.2.(2023上·高一课时练习)Thepolicearethe(preserve)oflawandorder.3.(2023上·高二课时练习)Thepresidentstressedtheimportanceofthe(preserve)anddevelopmentoftraditionalChinesemedicineandbreakthroughsincoretechnologiesinkeyareasatameeting.4.(2023上·高一课时练习)Theysupportthemeasureswithout(reserve).5.(2020上·高一课时练习)Theroom(reserve),andeverythinghasbeenready.6.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Thesechallengesarereal,andsociety(urgent)needstoaddressthem.7.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Onnoconsiderationcanweignorethe(urgent)ofprotectingtheenvironment.8.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考期中)Thelawisin(urge)needofreform.9.(2023上·江苏盐城·高二江苏省响水中学校考阶段练习)Heurgedtheyoung(take)thetorchandacceptresponsibilityforthefuture.10.(2023上·广东惠州·高二统考期中)Itseemed(credible)thatshehadbeenthereaweekalready.11.(2018上·安徽合肥·高一合肥市第九中学校考阶段练习)The(violent)inhertonegavemeashock.12.(2023下·高二课时练习)Itisastatementinconflictotherevidence.13.(2023下·高二课时练习)Wewaitedthreemonthsbeforegoingbacktoseethe(special).14.(2023上·河南南阳·高二校考阶段练习)Manydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefully________(assess)therelativelong-termcostsandbenefits.15.(2022上·河北唐山·高三唐山一中校考阶段练习)Ofallthe(consult),onlyMr.Wanggaveussomeproposalinpoint.16.(2023上·河北承德·高三校联考期中)The(divide)ofEuropeintocountriesistheresultofitscomplicatedhistory.17.(2023上·高一课时练习)Thepolicehavelaunchedamajor(operate)againstdrunkdriving.18.(2023上·全国·高一专题练习)Themantoldusthewholestorywithout(interrupt).19.(2023上·陕西西安·高三西安中学校考阶段练习)Yourapplicationshall(submit)earlybecause考点二、重点词块选词填空选词填空(可适当改变形式)takeshape,atrisk,contributeto,inrecognitionof,serveas,takeapart,forthebenefitof,weardown,wearandtear,atthethoughtof1.I’vealready________twopairsofshoesthisyear.2.Thelittlegirlfeltfrightened________theterriblescene.3.Inaway,I’mgladyoumadethatmistake,foritwill________awarningtoyou.4.Allowingfornormal________,awashingmachineshouldlastatleasttenyears.5.Thedoctortoldthefamilythepatientwasnolonger________.6.Allthesescientistsdevotedthemselvestowork________theircountry.7.FrancesenttheStatueofLibertytotheUnitedStates________theirfriendship.8.It’seasyto________thiscamera,whileputtingthepiecestogetherisquitedifficult.9.Theplanforthesummervacationisbeginningto________inmymind.

10.Contactbetweendifferentcultureswould________morecooperationandgreaterprosperityofthetwosides.

考点三、重点句型完成句子1.________,howdoyoudealwiththem?(ifso)如果这样的话，你是怎样应对它们的呢？2.I’mnotexactlysurewhatshedoesthere,but________berelatedtohumorouspoems.

我并不确切地知道她在那里做什么,但似乎与幽默诗歌有关。3.________________.(the+比较级...,the+比较级...)他越忙就越感到高兴。4.________________,Iwasleftwithlittleotherchoice.(given…)考虑到她前途未卜，我几乎没有选择的余地。5.________________thephotoexhibitionwasputofftillthenextweek.(Itis…that…强调句)正是这个原因照片展被推迟到了下周。考点四、重点语法单词语法填空1.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Theassumptioncalendarcameintobeingtwentythousandyearearlierthanhasbeensupposedhasprovedtobecorrect.2.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Thepracticalsuggestioncamefromtherepresentativesthenewrulebeadopted.3.(2023上·全国·高二专题练习)Theycontinuedtoworkregardlessofthefactitwasraining.4.(2023上·高二课时练习)ThereisnopossibilityMarkwillfinishthechallengingtaskbyhimselfwithintwodays.5.(2023上·四川成都·高二校考期中)StephenCurryislivingproofwhatothersthinkofyoudoesn’thavetoinfluencewhatyoubecome.6.(2023上·高一校考课时练习)ThereisadangerImaynotbeabletotellthesefriendsarerealfriends.7.(2023上·福建泉州·高一校考阶段练习)Accordingtothem,thereisadangerImaynotbeabletotellwhetherthesefriendsarerealfriends.8.(2023上·广东湛江·高二湛江市第二中学校考阶段练习)Thereissomedoubtheisthebestmanforthejob.9.(2023上·广东·高二深圳大学附属中学校考阶段练习)Noonecandenythethoughtstudyingabroadhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.10.(2023上·广东东莞·高二校考阶段练习)Noonecandenythefactthroughthisactivity,westudentsnotonlyhaveabetterunderstandingofthesocietybutalsolearnhowtohelppeoplearoundus.11.(2022下·高二课前预习)Theideaweshouldprotectourculturalandnaturalheritageshaswontheapprovalofeveryone.12.(2022下·高二课前预习)Thequestionshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.能力提升阅读理解(2023上·广东湛江·高三统考开学考试)TheMogaoGrottoeswereacenterofBuddhistlifeandsomeoftheworld’sgreatculturesforhundredsofyears.However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.Unfortunately,thisresultedintensofthousandsofitemsfromthecavesbeingtakentoforeignmuseumsInthe1940s,manyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger,ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.In1987,theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.Despiteitsremoteness,theMogaoGrottoescontinuetodrawvisitors.Andjustasthesandanddeserthavesurvivedlargelyunchangedthroughthecenturies,thissmallartgalleryinthedeserthasalsosurvivedlargelyunchangedprovidinganamazinglookataworldlongagopast.1.WhendidtheMogaoGrottoesregaintheworld’sattention?A.Hundredsofyearsago.B.InthelateQingDynasty.C.Inthelateeightiesofthe20thcentury.D.Aroundthebeginningofthe20thcentury.2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheartistsinthe1940s?A.Tolearnabouttheirworks.B.Toshowhowhardtheyworked.C.Tocomparetheirdifferentstyles.D.Toappreciatetheircontributions.3.Whenpeoplehavenoaccesstovisitingthecaves,.A.theycandoresearchesonlineB.theycanenjoythedigitalversionsC.theycanwatchcopiesinartgalleriesD.theycanstudytheminforeignmuseums4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMogaoGrottoes—CenterofBuddhistLifeB.TheMogaoGrottoes—ArtGalleryintheDesertC.Respectedartists—ProtectorsoftheMogaoGrottoesD.AnAmazingTouristAttraction—TheMogaoGrottoes二.完形填空(2023上·江西南昌·高二校考期中)TheimpressivecollectionofliteratureintheLibraryCaveattheMogaoCavesinDunhuang,NorthwestChina’sGansuprovince,1oneofthemostinclusive,advancedan