2024秋高中英语Unit1ArtSectionⅠWarmingUpReading学案含解析新人教版选修6

PAGEUnit1Art你听说过《蒙娜丽莎》吗？知道它是谁的名作吗？让我们一起来了解一下吧！Sheiswidelyseenasproofthatgoodlookscanlastforever.But,atover500yearsofage,timeiscatchingupwithMonaLisa.Thehealthofthefamouspicture,paintedbyLeonardodaVinci(列奥纳多·达·芬奇)during1503—1506,isgettingworsebytheyear,accordingtotheLouvreMuseum(卢浮宫博物馆)whereitishoused.“Thethin,woodenpanel(嵌板)onwhichMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago，”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedthechangebutrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrentchemicalstate.NearlysixmillionpeoplegotoseeMonaLisaeveryyear,andmanyareattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“Itisveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather,sheseemstobesmiling,andthenyoulookatherandshestops，”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvisionisexcellentatpickingupdetails,butlesssuitedtolookatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However,theactualhistoryofMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim,untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisⅠin1168.In1911,thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvrebyaformeremployee,whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarⅡ，FrenchhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies,MonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.依据短文内容，完成下列各题。1．TheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmeansMonaLisa________.A．islosingitsvalueB．isbeingdamagedaftersomanyyearsC．isgettingmorevaluablewithyearspassingD．willnotrotaway答案：B2．Itmayaddtodifficultyinrepairingthepaintingbecause________.A．expertshaven'tnoticedchangesinitsshapeasvisitorsdoB．itislikelytobestolenagainwhenit'sunderrepairC．itisuncertainwhichcountry,ItalyorFrance,shouldtakechargeD．expertsaren'tsureaboutthematerialsandthechemicalstateofitsoilpaints答案：D3．Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat________.A．manyinterestingstorieshavebeenwrittenaboutMonaLisaB．peopleareinterestedinthestoriesaboutMonaLisaC．somemysteriesstillremaintobesolvedaboutMonaLisaD．manymorestorieswillbetoldaboutMonaLisa答案：C4．HowcanweseethesmileofMonaLisa?We_can_see_the_smile_of_Mona_Lisa_only_by_indirect_vision.Unit1ArtSectionⅠWarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.重点单词1．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的2．attemptn．努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图3．abstractadj.抽象的；深邃的n．摘要4．ridiculousadj.荒谬的；可笑的5．techniquen．技术；方法；技能6．faithn．信任；信念；信念→faithfuladj.忠实的→faithfullyadv.忠实地7．aimn．目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimlessadj.没目标的8．evidentadj.明显的；明白的→evidencen．证据9．adoptvt.接受；接受；收养→adoptionn．收养10．possessvt.拥有；具有；支配→possessionn．财产11．coincidencen．巧合；巧事；同时发生→coincidentadj.同时发生的；(时间上)巧合的；相符的；一样的12．predictvt.预言；预报；预料→predictionn．预言Ⅱ.核心短语1．by_coincidence偶然地2．a_great_deal大量3．on_the_other_hand另一方面4．concentrateon集中精力于……5．breakawayfrom逃脱；摆脱；脱离6．leadto导致；通向；通往Ⅲ.经典句式1．Butit_was_evident_thatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.但是很明显，在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经验着改变，像乔托这样的画家们起先以一种比较现实的风格来描绘宗教场景。2．Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesandpossessionsas_well_astheiractivitiesandachievements.他们出价聘请闻名的艺术家来为他们画像，画他们的房屋和财物，以及活动和成就。3．Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewould_not_be_able_to_seethemanygreatmasterpiecesfor_whichthisperiodisfamous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期闻名的杰作。4．Among_the_painterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingwere_the_Impressionists,_wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有在法国巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。5．TheImpressionistswerethe_first_painters_to_workoutdoors.印象派画家是第一批在室外写生的画家。6．Atthetimetheywerecreated,theImpressionistpaintingswerecontroversial,buttodaytheyareacceptedas_the_beginning_of_what_we_call_“modern_art”．在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的。但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。1.联想记单词①抽象的(abstract)画吸引(attract)了很多人驻足观看→abstractadj.抽象的；深邃的②她改编(adapt)的剧本被接受了(adopt)→adoptvt.接受；接受；收养2．构词法记单词①faith(n.)＋­ful(形容词后缀)→faithfuladj.②typical(adj.)＋­ly(副词后缀)→typicallyadv.③名词后缀：­ionadopt(v.)＋­ion→adoptionn.possess(v.)＋­ion→possessionn.predict(v.)＋­ion→predictionn.课文预读ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTINGArtisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaith①ofapeople.StylesinWesternarthavechangedmanytimes.AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart②，itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext.Consequently③，thistextwilldescribeonlythemostimportantones,startingfromthesixthcenturyAD④.TheMiddleAges⑤(5thtothe15thcenturyAD)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaim⑥ofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.Aconventional⑦artistofthisperiodwasnotinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleastheyreallywere.Atypical⑧pictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.Butitwasevident⑨thatideaswerechanginginthe13thcentury⑩whenpainterslikeGiottodiBondone⑪begantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.①faith/feIθ/n.信任；信念；信念faithfully/ˈfeIθfəlI/adv.忠实地②as引导缘由状语从句。③consequently/ˈkɒnsIkwəntlI/adv.因而；所以④现在分词短语startingfrom...在句中作定语，修饰ones。⑤theMiddleAges中世纪⑥aim/eIm/n.目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力⑦conventional/kənˈvenʃənl/adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的⑧typical/ˈtIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的⑨evident/ˈevIdənt/adj.明显的；明白的⑩Itis/wasevidentthat...“明显……”，it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。⑪GiottodiBondone/ˈdʒɒtəʊdIˈbɒndən/乔托(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师)西方绘画艺术简史艺术受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰的影响。西方的艺术风格经验了多次变革。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不行能去全面地描述它们。因此，本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种(艺术风格)。中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)在中世纪，画家的主要目的是表现宗教主题。这个时期传统的艺术家无意于照实地呈现自然和人物。这个时期的典型的绘画充溢了宗教的特征，这体现了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。但是，很明显在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经验着改变，像乔托这样的画家们起先用一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。TheRenaissance⑫(15thto16thcentury)DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadopt⑬amorehumanistic⑭attitudetolife.AtthesametimepaintersreturnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart.Theytriedtopaintpeopleandnatureastheyreallywere.Richpeoplewantedtopossess⑮theirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperb⑯palacesandgreathouses.Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesandpossessions⑰aswellas⑱theiractivitiesandachievements.⑫renaissance/rIˈneIsns；USˈrenəsɑːns/n.新生；复兴；复活theRenaissance文艺复兴(时期)⑬adopt/əˈdɒpt/vt.接受；接受；收养⑭humanistic/ˌhjuːməˈnIstIk/adj.人道主义的⑮possess/pəˈzes/vt.拥有；具有；支配⑯superb/suːˈpɜːb；sjuːˈpɜːb/adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的⑰possession/pəˈzeʃn/n.(尤作复数)全部；财产⑱aswellas既……又……；也(连接两个并列成分)⑲perspective/pəˈspektIv/n.透视画法；透视图；观点⑳technique/tekˈniːk/n.技术；方法；技能eq\o(○,\s\up4(21))Masaccio/məˈsɑːtʃIəʊ/马萨乔(意大利画家)eq\o(○,\s\up4(22))Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeen...是含有虚拟语气的复合句，表示与过去事实相反的状况。eq\o(○,\s\up4(23))coincidence/kəʊˈInsIdəns/n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合bycoincidence巧合地eq\o(○,\s\up4(24))masterpiece/ˈmɑːstəpiːs/n.杰作；名著eq\o(○,\s\up4(25))这里without引导的介词短语表述非真实条件，整个句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。forwhich...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观渐渐取代了中世纪提出的那些。人们起先较少关注宗教主题而且实行一种更人性化的生活看法。同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争照实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品以便装饰他们的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请闻名艺术家来为他们画像，画他们的房屋和财物，以及活动和成就。在此期间，最重要的发觉之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次运用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。假如没有发觉透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画中运用的色调看上去更丰富、更深厚。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能够看到很多使这一时期闻名的杰作。eq\o(○,\s\up4(26))impressionism/ImˈpreʃənIzəm/n.印象主义；印象派impressionist/ImˈpreʃənIst/adj.印象派的n．印象派艺术家post­impressionistadj.后印象派的n．后印象派艺术家eq\o(○,\s\up4(27))agreatdeal大量eq\o(○,\s\up4(28))breakawayfrom脱离eq\o(○,\s\up4(29))介词短语Amongthepainters位于句首，句子用完全倒装语序。eq\o(○,\s\up4(30))动词不定式短语toworkoutdoors作定语，修饰thefirstpainters。当中心词被thefirst/last等修饰时，通常用动词不定式(短语)作定语。eq\o(○,\s\up4(31))shadow/ˈʃædəʊ/n.阴影；影子eq\o(○,\s\up4(32))句子Theirpaintingswere...中包含notas...as句式，表示“不如……”，those指代前面提到的复数名词paintings。eq\o(○,\s\up4(33))ridiculous/rIˈdIkjʊləs/adj.荒谬的；可笑的印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的改变，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。很多人从农村迁到了新城市。该时期有很多新独创和社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。印象派画家是第一批室外写生的画家。他们急迫地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的改变很快，印象派画家们必需很快地作画，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人都不喜爱这种画法，甚至还怒不行遏。他们说这些画家漫不经心、粗枝大叶，而且他们的作品是荒谬可笑的。eq\o(○,\s\up4(34))controversial/ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃl/adj.争辩的；争议的eq\o(○,\s\up4(35))what引导的从句作介词of的宾语。whatwecall译为“我们所说的；所谓的”。eq\o(○,\s\up4(36))Thisisbecause...这是因为……(because后跟缘由)Thisiswhy...这就是为什么……(why后跟结果)eq\o(○,\s\up4(37))attempt/əˈtempt/n.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图eq\o(○,\s\up4(38))ontheotherhand(可是)另一方面eq\o(○,\s\up4(39))so...that“如此……以至于”，在此引导结果状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up4(40))predict/prIˈdIkt/vt.预言；预报；预料现代艺术(20世纪至今)在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的。但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派画家激励艺术家用崭新的方式去看待他们的环境。现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而假如没有印象派画家，那么这很多不同的风格或许就不存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不准备把我们眼睛看到的东西照实地画出来，而是集中呈现物体的某些品质特性，用色调、线条和形态把它们呈现出来。(而)另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，它们看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？课文理解TaskOne：FastReadingⅠ.ThetextismainlyaboutashorthistoryofWesternpainting/howWesternartdeveloped/abriefintroductionofWesternpainting.Ⅱ.ReadthepassagetofindorconcludeatopicsentenceforeachperiodofWesternpainting.1．TheMiddleAges:During_the_Middle_Ages,_the_main_aim_of_painters_was_to_represent_religious_themes.2．TheRenaissance:During_the_Renaissance,_new_ideas_and_values_gradually_replaced_those_held_in_the_Middle_Ages.3．Impressionism:During_Impressionism,_the_Impressionists_broke_away_from_the_traditional_style_of_painting_and_they_were_the_first_painters_to_work_outdoors.4．ModernArt:At_the_time_they_were_created,_the_Impressionist_paintings_were_controversial,_but_today_they_are_accepted_as_the_beginning_of_what_we_call_“modern_art”．TaskTwo：CarefulReadingⅠ.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．AtraditionalartistintheMiddleAgeswasinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleoriginally.(F)2．IntheMiddleAgesmostpaintingshadreligiousthemes.(T)3．TwoimportantdiscoveriesintheRenaissanceperiodwereoilpaintsanddrawinginperspective.(T)4．Impressionistspaintedtheirpicturesmainlyindoors.(F)5．ModernartbeganwiththeImpressionistpaintings.(T)Ⅱ.Readthetextandthenchoosethebestanswers.1．AtfirstmostpeoplehatedtheImpressionists'styleofpainting,because________.A．theirpaintingswereveryabstractB．theirpaintingswereveryrealisticC．theybrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingD．theirpaintingswereveryreal答案：C2．IntheRenaissance,painters________.A．paintedreligiousscenesinamorerealisticstyleB．focusedmoreonreligionthanonhumansC．begantopaintoutdoorsD．returnedtoclassicalRomanandGreekideasaboutart答案：D3．________discoveredhowtomakepaintingslookmorerealbyusingperspective.A．GiottodiBondoneB．MasaccioC．ClaudeMonetD．PabloPicasso答案：B4．Accordingtothepassage,artisinfluencedlesslikelyby________.A．agricultureB．faithofapeopleC．socialchangesD．thecustoms答案：ATaskThree：Micro­writingArtisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.StylesinWesternarthavechangedalot.During__1__MiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresent__2__(religion)themes.Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechangingwhenpaintersbegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.PeopleintheRenaissance__3__(adopt)amorehumanisticattitudetolife.Duringthisperiod,richpeoplepaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves,theirhousesand__4__(possess)aswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.__5__coincidence,oilpaintswerealsodeveloped.Inthelate19thcentury,theImpressionists__6__paintingswerethoughtridiculoushadtopaint__7__(quick)toshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjectsatdifferenttimesofday.Today,they__8__(accept)asthebeginningofmodernart.Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract,__9__ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartare__10__(real).Itishard/noteasytopredictthepaintingstylesinthefuture.1．the2.religious3.adopted4.possessions5.By6．whose7.quickly8.are_accepted9.but10.realistic1eq\a\vs4\al(faithn.信任；信念)(教材P1)Artisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.艺术受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰的影响。(1)havefaithinsb./sth.对某人/某事有信念losefaithin不再信任；对……失去信念keepfaithwith忠于；守信(2)faithfuladj.忠实的befaithfultosb./sth.忠实于某人/某事(3)faithfullyadv.忠实地[即学即用](1)Onlythepersonwhohasfaithinhimselfisabletobefaithfultoothers.只有信任自己的人才能对别人忠实。(2)Youcannotexpectyourfriendstotrustyouifyoudon'tkeepfaithwiththem.假如你对挚友不守信义，你就不要希望他们会信任你。(3)Undernocircumstancesshallwelosefaithinthefuture.在任何状况下，我们都不该对将来失去信念。(4)Weareinthefaceofdifficulties,yetwestillhave_faith_invictory.虽然面临很多困难，但我们对成功仍充溢信念。(5)语法填空①Theoldnursehadservedthefamilyfaithfully(faith)forthirtyyears.②Doyouthinkthefilmadaptationwasfaithfultothebook?③Thepublicneverhadfaithinhisabilitytohandlethejob.2eq\a\vs4\al(aimn.目标；目的v.瞄准；向某方向努力)(教材P2)DuringtheMiddleAges,themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.在中世纪，画家的主要目标是把宗教的主题表现出来。(1)achieveone'saim某人达到目的；某人实现目标takeaimat向……瞄准withtheaimof以……为目标；意在……withoutaim漫无目的地(2)aimsth.atsb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aimatdoingsth./aimtodosth.意欲、企图、力争做某事beaimedat目的是；旨在(3)aimlessadj.没有目标的aimlesslyadv.无目的地[即学即用](1)Thisdictionaryaimsatexplainingthemostcommonmistakesinworduse.本词典旨在说明用词上最易犯的通病。(2)Thepresident'svisitwasaimedatexpandingrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.总统这次访问的目的是扩展两国的关系。(3)Thecompetitionwasstartedwiththeaimofencouragingyoungwriters.我们开展此项竞赛以激励年轻作家为目的。(4)Everybodyshouldbegiventhechanceto_achieve_his_aim.要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。(5)语法填空①Whileshewaited,shewalkedaimlessly(aim)aroundthecarpark.②Theproposalputforwardatthemeetingwasaimed(aim)atcuttingdownthehighhousingprice.3eq\a\vs4\al(typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的)(教材P2)Atypicalpictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.这个时期的典型绘画充溢了宗教的特征，这体现了对上帝的敬重与爱戴。(1)betypicalof是典型的……，是……特有的Itistypicalofsb.todosth.做某事是某人典型的特征(2)typicallyadv.典型地，有代表性地；独特地[即学即用](1)Thispictureisafairlytypicaloneofhisearlyworks.这幅画是他早期作品中相当典型的代表作。(2)Jackislateagain.Itistypicalofhimtokeepotherswaiting.杰克又迟到了。他一贯让别人等他。(3)Typically,hewouldcomeinlateandthensaythathehadtogoearly.他一一直得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。(4)It_is_typical_of_studentstostayupreadingdeepintothenightforthefinalexam.为了期末考试学生们总是熬夜读书直到深夜。4eq\a\vs4\al(adoptvt.接受；接受；收养)(教材P2)Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.人们起先较少关注宗教主题而实行一种更人性化的生活看法。(1)adoptedadj.收养的，领养的(2)adoptionn.收养；接受(3)adoptiveadj.有收养关系的[易混辨析]adopt与adaptadoptvt.接受；接受；收养adaptvt.改编；使适应adaptto适应adaptoneselfto使自己适应……[巧学助记]Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths,thechildcametoadapttohisnewlife.这对年轻夫妇没有亲生的孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月后，这个孩子慢慢适应了他的新生活。[即学即用](1)Thinkingitover,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.总经理一再考虑之后，确定接受她的建议。(2)Withouttheadoptionofyourideas,theywouldhavesufferedsuchaheavyloss.要是没有接受你的看法，他们就会蒙受重大损失。(3)语法填空①Someexpertshavesuspectedthattheadoption(adopt)ofamoreWesterndietmaybeatleastpartlytoblame.②Helosthisparentsattheageofthreeandwas_adopted(adopt)byhisuncle.③Thisnewpolicyadopted(adopt)bythegovernmentbenefitsalotofhighschoolgraduatesandthereforethecountryaswell.5eq\a\vs4\al(possessvt.拥有；具有；支配不用于进行时态)(教材P2)Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.富人们想拥有自己的画以便装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。(1)bepossessedof有，拥有，具有bepossessedwith/by被……限制(2)possessionn.[C，常用复数]全部物；个人财产；[U]具有；拥有takepossessionof拥有；占据inpossessionofsth.占有/拥有某物inthepossessionofsb.＝insb.'spossession为某人全部[即学即用](1)Thatyoungmandoespossessasenseofhumour.那个年轻人的确很有幽默感。(2)Althoughsheisanewcomer,sheispossessedofgreatself­confidenceinherpresentjob.尽管她是一个新手，可她对自己目前的工作很有信念。(3)Theyarestillinpossessionofthehouse,sowehavetowaitforanothertime.他们依旧拥有房子的全部权，所以我们还得等待一段时间。(4)Thefactoryisin_the_possession_ofoneofmyfriends,whomovedtoAustraliaseveralyearsago.这家工厂是属于我一个挚友的，几年前他搬到澳大利亚去了。(5)语法填空①Asthesayinggoes,“Atruefriendisthebestpossession(possess)．”②Thepolicefoundalotofvaluablesinhispossessionwhichhecouldnotaccountfor.③Althoughhedoesn'tpossessmuchmoney,heis_possessed(possess)ofgoodhealth.6eq\a\vs4\al(attemptvt.&n.尝试；企图)(教材P3)Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes,butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject,usingcolour,lineandshapetorepresentthem.一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不准备把我们眼睛看到的东西照实地画出来，而是集中呈现物体的某些品质特性，用色调、线条和形态把它们呈现出来。(1)attempttodosth./attemptatdoingsth.试图做某事(2)makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.试图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试inan/one'sattempttodosth.力图/试图做某事(3)attemptedadj.未遂的；企图的[即学即用](1)Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.囚犯企图逃跑，但是失败了。(2)Thefirefightersattemptedtoputoutthegreatfirebeforegreatdamagewascaused.消防队员试图在大火造成大的损失前把火扑灭。(3)Althoughthepolicehadwarnedthemofthedangerintheancientcave,theseyoungmenstillmadeanattempttoexploreit.尽管警方已经警告他们这个古代洞窟里有危急，这些年轻人仍尝试勘探古洞。(4)Theplanewasmakingasecondattemptatlandingwhenitwentdownandbrokeintwo.这架飞机正其次次尝试着陆，这时它突然下落并断成了两截。(5)Luckily,Ipassedmydrivingtestat_the_first_attempt.很幸运，我考驾照时一次就通过了。(6)语法填空①Theboysmadeanattemptto_leave(leave)forcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.②Policesaythey'retreatingitasacaseofattempted(attempt)murder.7eq\a\vs4\al(predictvt.预言；预报；预料)(教材P3)Whocanpredictwhatpaintingstylestherewillbeinthefuture?谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？(1)Itispredictedthat...据预报……(2)predictionn.预言，预料makeapredictionthat...预言，预报(3)predictorn.预报器；预言家predictableadj.可预言的，可预料的[巧学助记]Thepredictorconfidentlypredictedthattheearthquakewaspredictable.Infact,predictionisnotalwaysaccurate.那位预言者自信地预言地震是可以预料的。事实上，预言并非总是精确的。[即学即用](1)Today'sweatherforecastpredictssunshinetomorrow.今日的天气预报说，明每天气晴朗。(2)Itispredictedthatastormisontheway.据预报，一场暴风雨即将来临。(3)Everyyearataboutthistime,thecompanymakesapredictionfortheyearahead.每年大约这个时候，公司都会对来年进行预料。(4)语法填空①Theobservermadeapredictionthattheseveresituationwouldlastatleastamonth.②Mostofusthinktheendingofthefilmisentirelypredictable(predict)accordingtothenovelofthesamename.③Sofar,bythismeans,twomajorearthquakeshave_been_predicted(predict)．1eq\a\vs4\al(bycoincidence巧合地；碰巧，凑巧)(教材P2)Bycoincidence,oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime,whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色调看上去更丰富、更深厚。(1)Itis/wasacoincidencethat...……是巧合。Whatacoincidence!真巧！(2)byaccident巧合，偶然bychance巧合，偶然[即学即用](1)Bycoincidence,hiswifeisoneofmyclassmatesincollege.巧合的是，他的妻子是我的一个高校同学。(2)Itisacoincidencethathewasbornonhismother'sbirthday.他在他母亲生日那天诞生是个巧合。(3)Whatacoincidence!Becausethat'stoday.实在是太巧了！因为那就是今日。(4)Itwasnot_a_coincidence_thatyoumeteachotherinLijiang.Hewentthereafterknowingyouwentthere.你们在丽江相遇不是什么巧合的事。他得知你去了那儿后就去了那儿。(5)—I'mgoingtoNewYorktomorrow.—What_a_coincidence!I'mgoingtheretoo.——明天我要去纽约。——太巧了！我也要去。2eq\a\vs4\al(agreatdeal很多，大量；很，特别)(教材P2)Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdeal,fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的改变，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。[归纳拓展](1)agreatdeal(＝agooddeal;alot)用法如下：①“大量”，可用作句子的主语、宾语等；②“很，特别”，可用作句子的状语，修饰动词或比较级。(2)agreatdealof后接不行数名词，表示“很多……，大量……”。[即学即用](1)Allofushavelearnedagreatdealfromthatfamousexpert.从那位闻名的专家身上，我们全部人都学到了很多。(2)Jacklefthisoffice,leavingagreatdealofworkunfinished.杰克离开了他的办公室，留下了大量没有完成的工作。(3)Muchtooursurprise,wefoundourhometownhadchangedagreatdealinthepasttenyears.令我们特别惊异的是，我们发觉在过去的十年里我们的家乡改变太大了。(4)语法填空①Thereisnodenyingthatagreatdealofpollutionis_caused(cause)bycars.②It'sagreatdealfaster(fast)totravelbyplanethanbybus.3eq\a\vs4\al(ontheotherhand可是另一方面)(教材P3)Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.另一方面，一些现代艺术作品太真实了以至于它们看起来就像照片一样。ontheonehand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……，另一方面……foronething...;foranother...一来……，二来……(常被用来列举一些理由)first(ly)．..;second(ly)．..第一……，其次……[归纳拓展]ontheotherhand常用作插入语，表示转折、对比，常构成“ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...”结构，表示“一方面……另一方面……”。[易混辨析]ontheotherhand与onthecontrary易混词组辨析例句ontheotherhand“另一方面”，用以说明问题的另一方面Thejobisn'tveryinteresting,butontheotherhandit'swellpaid.onthecontrary“正相反”，用来提出相反的一种状况Thatwasnotagoodthing;onthecontrary,itwasabigmistake.[即学即用](1)Ontheonehand,they'dlovetohavekids,butontheotherhand,theydon'twanttogiveuptheirfreedom.一方面他们想要孩子，但是另一方面，他们又不想放弃逍遥自由的生活。(2)Ican'tgoforatripabroad.Foronething,Idon'thaveenoughmoney;foranotherI'mtoobusy.我不能出国旅行。一方面，我没有足够的钱，另一方面，我太忙了。(3)Heisanableman,buton_the_other_handheistooproud.他是一个有实力的人，但另一方面，他太自负了。(4)On_the_one_hand,_youshouldn'tbeshy;on_the_other_hand，youmustpayattentiontoyourmanner.一方面，你不应当羞涩，另一方面，你必需留意你的举止。(5)On_the_one_hand,_softwordsspokenatanormalsoundlevelcanputoutthefirebeforeitexplodesoutofcontrol.一方面，用正常的声调说出柔软的话语能够在失去限制之前熄灭(双方的)怒火。eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。本句为介词短语位于句首时引起的完全倒装句式，正常语序为TheImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis,wereamongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting.(1)out,in,into,down,up,away,here,now,then,there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词或短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。①IntothedarkapartmentwalkedDavid,whowasquitesurprisedwheneveryoneshoutedHappyBirthday.大卫走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊生日欢乐时，他感到很惊异。②Foramomentnothinghappened.Thencame_voicesallshoutingtogether.有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了齐声喊叫。③Amongalltheseflowersis_included(include)akindofredrose,whichwasgivenbymyfriend.在这些花中，包含一种红色玫瑰花，那是我挚友给的。[名师点津]若主语是代词，则不用倒装。④Outherushedonhearingthenoise.他一听到响声就跑了出去。(2)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完全倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。⑤Presentattheeveningpartywas_our_favorable_English_teacher.出席晚会的有我们喜爱的英语老师。(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。⑥Such_is_our_lively_city,_whichyouarewelcometovisitwheneveratyourconvenience.这就是我们这座充溢活力的城市，只要您便利，随时欢迎来参观。eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())ThisisbecausetheImpressionistsencouraged