语法06 非谓语动词之动名词（讲义）

►第06讲非谓语动词之动名词（讲义）【考情分析】从近三年中考卷可以看出，对非谓语动词中动名词的考查是必考点，主要是考查动名词作主语、宾语和定语等。但是题目的设置更加注重语境以及情景化和结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干的理解难度。因此，2024年中考备考要掌握动名词相关用法，熟悉动名词的常用搭配。动名词题型命题规律非谓语动词的动词动名词是历年中考常考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～3分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。【网络构建】构成：（to）+动词原形动词不定在句中的作用（主、宾、表、宾补、定、状）非谓构成：V.-ing语动名词动用法（主、宾、表、定）词构成：现在分词doing分词过去分词done用法（表、补、定、状）考向一动名词的形式和特征夯基必备基础知识梳理动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词既具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语，并与其一起构成动名词短语，又具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，在句中可作句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语、定语等成分，但不能作谓语，因此称动名词为非谓语动词。动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成考向二动名词的句法功能（1）作主语动名词作主语，放在句子的前面，但当动名词短语较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放到句子的末尾。如：Readingmakesamanperfect.阅读使人完美。Findingworkisdifficultthesedays.现在找工作很困难。It'snousewaitingforanotherhour.再等一个小时也没用。注意：①it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语的常用句型：Itisawasteoftimedoingsth...做……是浪费时间。Itisnogood/nousedoing...做……是不好的/没用的。Itishardly/scarcelyworthdoing...做……不值得。Itisworth/worthwhiledoing...做……是值得的。如：Itisnogoodreadinginthesun.在阳光下看书是不好的。Itisuselessrememberingwordsonly.只记单词是没有用的。Itisawasteoftimedoingsuchathing.做这种事情是浪费时间。Itisworthdiscussingtheproblem.讨论这个问题是值得的。②动名词作主语常用于therebe句型。如：Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.做这样一件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnostoppinghim.无法阻止他。③动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如：Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。Noddingtheheadmeansagreement.点头意味着同意。（2）作宾语动名词作宾语，既可用于及物动词和短语动词后作宾语，也可用于介词后作介词的宾语。如：Heenjoysreadingstories.他喜欢读故事。Idislikeplayingcards.我不喜欢打牌。Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook？你看完这本书了吗？Theyarepracticingsingingthenewsong.他们正在练习唱新歌。Hegotdowntoworkingassoonashegottotheoffice.他一进入办公室就开始工作。Hehurriedtoschoolwithouthavingbreakfast.他没吃早饭就匆匆去了学校。Howaboutgoingforapicnic？去野餐怎么样？注意：①并不是所有的及物动词都可以用动名词作宾语，动名词只能做某些及物动词及短语动词的宾语。可以用动名词作宾语的动词常用的有：enjoy，finish，spend，mind，keep，practice，stop，admit，advise，allow，avoid，dislike，miss，suggest可以用动名称作宾语的短语动词有：can'thelp，giveup，keepon，feellike，carryon，putoff，insiston，getdownto，lookforwardsto，be/getusedto等。②下列动词或形容词want，require，need，worth后跟动名词作宾语时，主动形式表被动意义。如：Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。Thehouserequiresrepairingatonce.这座房子需要马上维修。③除介词besides，but，except后跟不定式作介词宾语外，其他介词一般都须跟动名词作宾语。如：Youmustfinishyourworkbeforegoingtotheconcert.你必须在去听音乐会之前把工作完成。Onseeinghermother，thelittlegirlbegantocryout.这个小女孩一看见她的母亲就大哭了起来。（3）作表语动名词作表语，有两种情况：①当动名词具有名词性质时，动名词短语说明主语的内容；②当动名词具有形容词性质时，动名词说明主语的性质或特征。如：HisjobisteachingEnglish.他的工作是教英语。（说明工作的内容）Hisjobisinteresting.他的工作很有趣。（说明工作的特征）注意：当动词-ing的动作是主语所发出时，句子不是系表结构，而是现在进行时。如：HeisteachingJapaneseatthatschool.他在那所学校教日语。（现在进行时）（4）作宾语补足语动名词作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面。如：Iwatchedthemplayingvolleyballontheplayground.我看他们在操场上打排球了。Don'thaveyourgueststandingthere.不要让客人站在那里。注意：用动名词作宾语补足语的常用动词有：①表示感觉、知觉的动词：hear，see，watch，notice，feel，lookat，listento等。如：Iheardhersinginginthenextdoor.我听见她在隔壁唱歌。②动词find，get，have，keep，leave，send，suggest等。如：Ifoundthemissingboyplayingbytheriver.我发现那个失踪的男孩在河边玩。（5）作定语动名词或动名词短语作定语，有的放在它所修饰的名词之前，有的放在它所修饰的名词之后。①单个的动名词作定语时，总是位于被修饰的名词之前，说明被修饰名词的目的、用途或特征。如：Chinaisadevelopingcountry.中国是一个发展中国家。Wouldyoupleasegivemesomewritingpaper？请给一些书写纸好吗？②动名词后接名词、代词或副词构成的短语作定语时，总是位于所修饰的名词之后，说明名词所处的状态或进行的动作。如：TheboystudyingintheclassroomisLiLei.在教室里学习的那个男孩是李雷。Don'ttroublethedogsleepingoverthere.不要惹是生非。（6）作同位语动名词作同位语，位于同位的名词之后，且跟前面的名词用逗号隔开，表示前面名词的内容。如：Hisidea，helpingfarmersgetintheircrops，interestedusverymuch.我们对他那帮助农民收割庄稼的想法很感兴趣。Thegoal，makingtwothousandcarsthismonth，excitestheworkers.本月生产两千辆小汽车的目标使工人们很兴奋。考向三常见跟动词的ing形式的情况总结归纳动词：finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事；practicedoingsth.练习做某事；imaginedoing,想象做某事；avoiddoingsth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；suggestdoingsth.建议做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoingsth.持续做我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。完成实践值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）继续习惯别放弃（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考虑建议不禁想（consider,suggest,can'thelp,feellike）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）②固定短语：feellikedoingsth.喜欢做某事；bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoing值得做某事；spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doingsth做某事有困难；havefundoing.做某事高兴=3\*GB3③介词后(on,in,of,about,at,with,without,for,from,up,by等)如：begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoingsth..；thankyoufordoingsth.；giveupdoingsth.；stop/keep/preventsb.fromdoingsth.；beafraidofdoingsth.；beinterestedindoingsth.；beproudof；insteadof；befondof=4\*GB3④to作介词+doing1.lookforwardtodoingsth（盼望）2.payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）3.beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于）4.preferdoingsthtodoingsth.（更喜欢）5.devote......todoingsth（致力于）6.makeacontributiontodoing（做贡献）提升必考题型归纳一、用所给单词适当形式填空1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Nowadaysthevolunteersfromthecharityarebusy________moneyforthechildrenwhohaveinfantileautism(自闭症).(collect)2．（2023·甘肃张掖·校考模拟预测）SeeingLindaarriveatthefinishingline,herclassmatescouldn’thelp_________(cheer)forherloudly.3．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）After________(finish)doingyourhomework,youcanhaveagoodrest.4．（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）Thanksalotfor________(invite)metoyourhouse.5．（2023·甘肃定西·校考模拟预测）Jackhasn’ttakenhispianolessonsforalongtime.Heisconsidering________(give)themup.6．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）Toavoid_________（hit）thetruck,heranintothewallandhisarmwasbadlyhurt.7．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Wouldyoumind________(close)thewindows?It’stoocold.8．（2023·甘肃定西·统考三模）Hestoppedhissonfrom________(play)gamesonthemobilephone.9．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）Pleasestop________(cry),littleman!Ihaven’ttouchedyourtoothyet.10．（2023·甘肃平凉·统考一模）Allofthestudentsstopped______(talk)whentheteachercameintotheclassroom.11．（2023·甘肃定西·统考二模）Allthestudentsarelookingforwardto________(meet)thefamoussinger.12．（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）Amypractices________(play)thepianotwiceaweek.13．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）I’llspendasmuchtimeasIcan________（help）inanoldpeople’shome.14．（2023·甘肃定西·统考一模）LiYiisinterestedinartandshepractices________（paint）everyday.15．（2023·云南昭通·统考二模）Everyoneplaysanimportantrolein________theenvironment.(protect)二、单项选择16．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Thewindowisbrokenandneeds________.—Ithinkso.Theycanhardlykeepoutthecoldnow.A．repairing B．torepair C．repaired D．berepaired17．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）—Haveyoufinished________thepicture?—Notyet.Iambusythesedays.A．draw B．todraw C．drawing D．drew18．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）—WhatdoyourememberaboutGradeSeven,Jane?—Iremember________theOldPeople’sHome.A．visit B．tovisit C．visiting D．visited19．（2023·四川泸州·统考一模）Nobodycanavoid________mistakes.A．makes B．making C．tomake D．made20．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）Thereisnodoubt________HarryPotterisworth________.A．whether;readingB．if;toread C．that;reading D．that;beingread21．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）I’mreallylookingforward________withyouontheproject.A．work B．towork C．working D．toworking22．（2023·海南海口·统考一模）—Ifeelreallytiredafterworkingforalongtime.—Whynotconsider________abreak?A．have B．tohave C．having23．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）Ithink________notdifficult________Englisheverymorning.A．that;keepreadingB．it’s;tokeepreading C．that;tokeepread D．it;tokeeptoread24．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模）—Mr.Leeisananimal-lover.Hespendsasmuchtimeashecan________animals.—Heisatruefriendofanimals.A．protect B．protects C．toprotect D．protecting25．（2023·江苏连云港·统考二模）Manystudentshavedifficulty________withtheirparents,whichcausestroubleintheirlife.A．communicate B．tocommunicate C．communicating D．communicated26．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）—Wouldyoumindmy________here?—Betternot.Ifyoudothat,youwillbefined(罚款).A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoking D．smokeing27．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考二模）IaskedUncleTomtostop________becausehedidn’tfeelwell.A．smoke B．smoked C．tosmoke D．smoking28．（2023·四川攀枝花·统考二模）I’msleepy.Iprefer________athometo________outforawalk.A．sleeping;going B．tosleep;go C．slept;go D．sleep;going29．（2023·四川广元·统考模拟预测）Recently,________inpublicplacesisforbidden.A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoked D．smoking30．（2023·湖南湘西·统考一模）Ioftenpractice________thepianointhemorning,butmyneighborsdon’tmind________thesound.A．play;hearing B．playing;hearing C．playing;tohear31．（2023·江苏南京·统考一模）Lookatthepicture.Whatgreatfunthechildrenarehaving________now!A．catchingfish B．tocatchfish C．feedingfish D．tofeedfish32．（2023·广西柳州·统考二模）—Jim,doyouoftenshoponline?—Seldom.Ithink________overtheInternetisn’talwayssafe.A．paying B．pays C．pay33．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模）—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,teaorcoffee?—Well,Iusedtodrinkcoffee.ButnowI________tea.Ithinkteaishealthier.A．usedto B．amusedtodrink C．amusedtodrinking D．usedtodrinking34．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan________inoursparetime.A．read B．toread C．reading D．toreading35．（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）Hedevotedwhathepaidattention________itpossibleforwomen________bettereducation.A．tomaking;toreceive B．tomaking;toreceiving C．totomaking;toreceive D．totomaking;receive三、语法选择（2023·广东梅州·统考一模）Recently,aYunnangirldancinginfrontofhermother’sporkshopbecamepopularonline.Thegirl’snameisWuGangyun.Sheshowedgreat___36___indancingwhenshewasveryyoung.Shealwaysdreamedtobeadancerwhengrowingup.___37___Wu’smotherknewnothingaboutdancing,shesupportedherdaughter.ButWu’sfamilywasn’tvery___38___.Herparentsdidn’thaveenoughmoneytosendherto___39___professionaldancingschool.However,WuGangyunnevergaveupherlovefordancing.Shebegantowatchvideosaboutdancingonlineandthentaught___40___howtodance.Shewasnotonlytalentedbutalsohard-working.Shepracticed___41___whenevershewasfree.TheneighborsoftensawWudance___42___whenhermotherwasworkinginthesmallporkshop.Luckily,Wu’stalentattractedtheattentionofZhangPingandherhusband.Thewarm-heartedcouple___43___theirbesttohelppoorgirlsinYunnantocontinuetheirdancingeducationformanyyears.Later,withthehelpofthecouple,WuGangyunmadegreatprogress.Withseveral44___childrenfromherhometown,Wuevenperformed“TheWizardofOz”ontheCCTVstage.Theperformancewasahugesuccess.Weallhavethechancetomakeourdream_____45_____trueaslongaswenevergiveup.36．A．interest B．interesting C．interested D．interestingly37．A．But B．Although C．Or D．Because38．A．rich B．richer C．richest D．therichest39．A．a B．an C．the D．/40．A．her B．hers C．she D．herself41．A．dance B．todance C．dancing D．danced42．A．happy B．unhappy C．happiness D．happily43．A．try B．havetried C．aretrying D．willtry44．A．others B．theothers C．other D．theother45．A．came B．come C．coming D．tocome真题感悟一、单项选择1．（2022·青海·统考中考真题）—Thedoctorsarebusy________howtodealwiththisdiseasethesedays.—Sotheyare.They’rereallyhard-working.A．discuss B．todiscuss C．discussing2．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）________toomuchsweetfoodwillmakepeoplegetfat.A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate3．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—MostteenagerslikehumorousTVshows.—Metoo.Ican’thelp________whenIwatchthem.A．laughing B．tolaugh C．laughed D．laugh4．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）Theyoungplayerspendsfourhours_______volleyballeveryday.A．practise B．practising C．topractise D．practised5．（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）Mostofthestudentsarelookingforwardto________themselvesaftertheexams.A．work B．working C．relax D．relaxing6．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Safetycomesfirst!Everyoneshouldstopthekidsfrom________inthelakeorriver.—Lifeisvaluable.Kidsmustremember________theschoolrules.A．swim;tofollow B．swim;followingC．swimming;following D．swimming;tofollow7．（2022·广西河池·统考中考真题）Iusuallyspendtime________inthelibraryonweekends.A．read B．reading C．reads D．toread8．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Ifyouhavedifficulty________outtheproblem,youcanasktheteacherforhelp.A．work B．working C．towork9．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Whatabout________thesongTogetherforaSharedFuture?Itsnameistheslogan(口号)ofBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames.A．sing B．singing C．tosing10．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Hollyprefersplayingthepianoto________theviolin.Listen!She________thepianoinherroom.A．play;isplaying B．playing;plays C．playing;isplaying二、用所给单词适当形式填空11．（2023·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—ProfessorWangwillgiveusatalkonthehistoryofHuai’antomorrow.—Really?Ilookforwardto_________(attend)it.12．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）WhenwelearnEnglish,wemustpayattentionto________(pronounce)thewordscorrectly.13．（2023·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）TomanyChinesepeople,theprocessof______theSpringFestivaldinnertogetherismoreimportantthanthedinneritself.(prepare)14．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）Theoldsaying“Afallintoapit,againinyourwit.”meansweshouldlearnfrommistakesandavoid________(make)thesamemistakesagain.15．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）MostoftheChinesechosetostayathometopreventtheCOVID-19from________(spread)around.16．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Asforme,Iusuallypractice________(play)badmintontokeepfit.17．（2022·贵州六盘水·统考中考真题）Look!Jimishavingfun________(skate)inthesnow.Hethinksit’sgoodexercise.18．（2019·江苏扬州·中考真题）Ifthegoldensunshouldstop______itslight,justonesmilefromyouwouldmakemywholeworldbright.(shine)19．（2022·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题）Iremember__________mykeyintomybag,butnowit’snotthere!（put）20．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—Lily,Ihavedifficulty__________(read)comicstripsinEnglish.—Don’tworry.Let’sreadsometogether.21．（2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）GuAilinghasagiftfor________(ski)andwonhighpraiseinBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames.22．（2022·甘肃武威·统考中考真题）Moreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoy________(read)poems.23．Mr.BlackhasbeeninChinaforthreeyearsandnowheisusedto________(eat)Chinesefood.24．（2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题）Whenplayinginthehallwaysstudentsshouldavoid________(push)eachother.25．（2021·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）Volunteersinourcommunityarebusy______(get)readyforthecomingcharityshow.

►第06讲非谓语动词之动名词（讲义）考向一动名词的形式和特征夯基必备基础知识梳理动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词既具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语，并与其一起构成动名词短语，又具有名词、形容词及副词的特征，在句中可作句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语、定语等成分，但不能作谓语，因此称动名词为非谓语动词。动名词的构成：动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成考向二动名词的句法功能（1）作主语动名词作主语，放在句子的前面，但当动名词短语较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放到句子的末尾。如：Readingmakesamanperfect.阅读使人完美。Findingworkisdifficultthesedays.现在找工作很困难。It'snousewaitingforanotherhour.再等一个小时也没用。注意：①it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语的常用句型：Itisawasteoftimedoingsth...做……是浪费时间。Itisnogood/nousedoing...做……是不好的/没用的。Itishardly/scarcelyworthdoing...做……不值得。Itisworth/worthwhiledoing...做……是值得的。如：Itisnogoodreadinginthesun.在阳光下看书是不好的。Itisuselessrememberingwordsonly.只记单词是没有用的。Itisawasteoftimedoingsuchathing.做这种事情是浪费时间。Itisworthdiscussingtheproblem.讨论这个问题是值得的。②动名词作主语常用于therebe句型。如：Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.做这样一件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnostoppinghim.无法阻止他。③动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。如：Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。Noddingtheheadmeansagreement.点头意味着同意。（2）作宾语动名词作宾语，既可用于及物动词和短语动词后作宾语，也可用于介词后作介词的宾语。如：Heenjoysreadingstories.他喜欢读故事。Idislikeplayingcards.我不喜欢打牌。Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook？你看完这本书了吗？Theyarepracticingsingingthenewsong.他们正在练习唱新歌。Hegotdowntoworkingassoonashegottotheoffice.他一进入办公室就开始工作。Hehurriedtoschoolwithouthavingbreakfast.他没吃早饭就匆匆去了学校。Howaboutgoingforapicnic？去野餐怎么样？注意：①并不是所有的及物动词都可以用动名词作宾语，动名词只能做某些及物动词及短语动词的宾语。可以用动名词作宾语的动词常用的有：enjoy，finish，spend，mind，keep，practice，stop，admit，advise，allow，avoid，dislike，miss，suggest可以用动名称作宾语的短语动词有：can'thelp，giveup，keepon，feellike，carryon，putoff，insiston，getdownto，lookforwardsto，be/getusedto等。②下列动词或形容词want，require，need，worth后跟动名词作宾语时，主动形式表被动意义。如：Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。Thehouserequiresrepairingatonce.这座房子需要马上维修。③除介词besides，but，except后跟不定式作介词宾语外，其他介词一般都须跟动名词作宾语。如：Youmustfinishyourworkbeforegoingtotheconcert.你必须在去听音乐会之前把工作完成。Onseeinghermother，thelittlegirlbegantocryout.这个小女孩一看见她的母亲就大哭了起来。（3）作表语动名词作表语，有两种情况：①当动名词具有名词性质时，动名词短语说明主语的内容；②当动名词具有形容词性质时，动名词说明主语的性质或特征。如：HisjobisteachingEnglish.他的工作是教英语。（说明工作的内容）Hisjobisinteresting.他的工作很有趣。（说明工作的特征）注意：当动词-ing的动作是主语所发出时，句子不是系表结构，而是现在进行时。如：HeisteachingJapaneseatthatschool.他在那所学校教日语。（现在进行时）（4）作宾语补足语动名词作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面。如：Iwatchedthemplayingvolleyballontheplayground.我看他们在操场上打排球了。Don'thaveyourgueststandingthere.不要让客人站在那里。注意：用动名词作宾语补足语的常用动词有：①表示感觉、知觉的动词：hear，see，watch，notice，feel，lookat，listento等。如：Iheardhersinginginthenextdoor.我听见她在隔壁唱歌。②动词find，get，have，keep，leave，send，suggest等。如：Ifoundthemissingboyplayingbytheriver.我发现那个失踪的男孩在河边玩。（5）作定语动名词或动名词短语作定语，有的放在它所修饰的名词之前，有的放在它所修饰的名词之后。①单个的动名词作定语时，总是位于被修饰的名词之前，说明被修饰名词的目的、用途或特征。如：Chinaisadevelopingcountry.中国是一个发展中国家。Wouldyoupleasegivemesomewritingpaper？请给一些书写纸好吗？②动名词后接名词、代词或副词构成的短语作定语时，总是位于所修饰的名词之后，说明名词所处的状态或进行的动作。如：TheboystudyingintheclassroomisLiLei.在教室里学习的那个男孩是李雷。Don'ttroublethedogsleepingoverthere.不要惹是生非。（6）作同位语动名词作同位语，位于同位的名词之后，且跟前面的名词用逗号隔开，表示前面名词的内容。如：Hisidea，helpingfarmersgetintheircrops，interestedusverymuch.我们对他那帮助农民收割庄稼的想法很感兴趣。Thegoal，makingtwothousandcarsthismonth，excitestheworkers.本月生产两千辆小汽车的目标使工人们很兴奋。考向三常见跟动词的ing形式的情况总结归纳动词：finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事；practicedoingsth.练习做某事；imaginedoing,想象做某事；avoiddoingsth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；suggestdoingsth.建议做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoingsth.持续做我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。完成实践值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）继续习惯别放弃（keepon,beusedto,giveup）考虑建议不禁想（consider,suggest,can'thelp,feellike）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）②固定短语：feellikedoingsth.喜欢做某事；bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoing值得做某事；spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doingsth做某事有困难；havefundoing.做某事高兴=3\*GB3③介词后(on,in,of,about,at,with,without,for,from,up,by等)如：begoodatdoingsth=dowellindoingsth..；thankyoufordoingsth.；giveupdoingsth.；stop/keep/preventsb.fromdoingsth.；beafraidofdoingsth.；beinterestedindoingsth.；beproudof；insteadof；befondof=4\*GB3④to作介词+doing1.lookforwardtodoingsth（盼望）2.payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）3.beusedtodoingsth.（习惯于）4.preferdoingsthtodoingsth.（更喜欢）5.devote......todoingsth（致力于）6.makeacontributiontodoing（做贡献）提升必考题型归纳一、用所给单词适当形式填空1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Nowadaysthevolunteersfromthecharityarebusy________moneyforthechildrenwhohaveinfantileautism(自闭症).(collect)【答案】collecting【详解】句意：如今，慈善机构的志愿者们正忙于为患有婴儿自闭症的儿童募捐。collect“收集”，bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填collecting。2．（2023·甘肃张掖·校考模拟预测）SeeingLindaarriveatthefinishingline,herclassmatescouldn’thelp_________(cheer)forherloudly.【答案】cheering【详解】句意：看到琳达到达终点线，她的同学们忍不住大声为她欢呼。can’thelpdoingsth.“忍不住做某事”，固定搭配，所以此空应填cheer”欢呼“的动名词cheering。故填cheering。3．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）After________(finish)doingyourhomework,youcanhaveagoodrest.【答案】finishing【详解】句意：做完作业后，你可以好好休息一下。after是介词，后接动名词，故填finishing。4．（2023·甘肃陇南·模拟预测）Thanksalotfor________(invite)metoyourhouse.【答案】inviting【详解】句意：感谢邀请我去你的家。根据横线前是介词“for”，所以应是动名词inviting。故填inviting。5．（2023·甘肃定西·校考模拟预测）Jackhasn’ttakenhispianolessonsforalongtime.Heisconsidering________(give)themup.【答案】giving【详解】句意：杰克已经很久没有上钢琴课了。他正在考虑放弃它们。considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”，空格处应用动名词形式，故填giving。6．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）Toavoid_________（hit）thetruck,heranintothewallandhisarmwasbadlyhurt.【答案】hitting【详解】句意：为了避免撞上卡车，他撞到了墙上，手臂受了重伤。avoiddoingsth“避免做某事”，为固定短语。故填hitting。7．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Wouldyoumind________(close)thewindows?It’stoocold.【答案】closing【详解】句意：你介意关一下窗吗？太冷了。minddoingsth.“介意做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填closing。8．（2023·甘肃定西·统考三模）Hestoppedhissonfrom________(play)gamesonthemobilephone.【答案】playing【详解】句意：他阻止儿子玩手机游戏。stopsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，故此处应用play“玩”的ing形式。故填playing。9．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）Pleasestop________(cry),littleman!Ihaven’ttouchedyourtoothyet.【答案】crying【详解】句意：请别哭了，小家伙！我还没碰到你的牙齿呢。结合语境可知此处应用动词短语stopdoingsth表示“停止做某事”，动词cry的动名词为crying，在句中作宾语。故填crying。10．（2023·甘肃平凉·统考一模）Allofthestudentsstopped______(talk)whentheteachercameintotheclassroom.【答案】talking【详解】句意：当老师走进教室时，所有的学生都停止了说话。根据“whentheteachercameintotheclassroom”可知，此处指学生都停止了说话，stopdoingsth.意为“停止做某事”，故填talking。11．（2023·甘肃定西·统考二模）Allthestudentsarelookingforwardto________(meet)thefamoussinger.【答案】meeting【详解】句意：所有的学生都盼望见到那位著名的歌唱家。lookforwardtodoingsth“期待做某事”，故填meeting。12．（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）Amypractices________(play)thepianotwiceaweek.【答案】playing【详解】句意：艾米每周练习两次钢琴。practicedoingsth.“练习做某事”，固定搭配。故填playing。13．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）I’llspendasmuchtimeasIcan________（help）inanoldpeople’shome.【答案】helping【详解】句意：我会花尽可能多的时间在老人院帮忙。考查固定句型。sb.spendsometimedoingsth.意为“某人花多长时间做某事”。故填helping。14．（2023·甘肃定西·统考一模）LiYiisinterestedinartandshepractices________（paint）everyday.【答案】painting【详解】句意：李毅对艺术很感兴趣，她每天都练习绘画。practicedoingsth“练习做某事”，为固定短语，故填painting。15．（2023·云南昭通·统考二模）Everyoneplaysanimportantrolein________theenvironment.(protect)【答案】protecting【详解】句意：每个人都在保护环境中发挥重要作用。protect“保护”，是动词，介词in后加动名词作宾语。故填protecting。二、单项选择16．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Thewindowisbrokenandneeds________.—Ithinkso.Theycanhardlykeepoutthecoldnow.A．repairing B．torepair C．repaired D．berepaired【答案】A【详解】句意：——窗户坏了，需要修理。——我想是的。它们现在几乎不能御寒了。考查非谓语动词。根据sth.needdoing=sth.needtobedone“某物需要被……”可知，此处可填动名词repairing用主动形式表被动意义，或填不定式的被动式toberepaired。故选A。17．（2023·吉林长春·模拟预测）—Haveyoufinished________thepicture?—Notyet.Iambusythesedays.A．draw B．todraw C．drawing D．drew【答案】C【详解】句意：——你画完这幅画了吗？——还没有。这些天我很忙。考查非谓语动词。finishdoing“完成做某事”，应该用动名词作宾语。故选C。18．（2023·甘肃武威·校考模拟预测）—WhatdoyourememberaboutGradeSeven,Jane?—Iremember________theOldPeople’sHome.A．visit B．tovisit C．visiting D．visited【答案】C【详解】句意：——你还记得七年级的事吗，简？——我记得参观过敬老院。考查非谓语动词。remembertodosth.记得要做某事（未发生）；rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（已发生）。根据“WhatdoyourememberaboutGradeSeven,Jane?”可知问是否记得已发生的事情，对此作答，用visiting。故选C。19．（2023·四川泸州·统考一模）Nobodycanavoid________mistakes.A．makes B．making C．tomake D．made【答案】B【详解】句意：没有人能够避免犯错误。考查非谓语动词。avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。20．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）Thereisnodoubt________HarryPotterisworth________.A．whether;readingB．if;toread C．that;reading D．that;beingread【答案】C【详解】句意：毫无疑问，《哈利波特》值得一读。考查同位语从句和非谓语。thereisnodoubtthat“毫无疑问……”，是固定句型，that引导同位语从句；beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”，故选C。21．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）I’mreallylookingforward________withyouontheproject.A．work B．towork C．working D．toworking【答案】D【详解】句意：我真的很期待和你一起做这个项目。考查固定搭配。根据短语lookforwardtodoingsth.“期待做某事”，固定搭配，可知，此处应用介词加动词ing形式。故选D。22．（2023·海南海口·统考一模）—Ifeelreallytiredafterworkingforalongtime.—Whynotconsider________abreak?A．have B．tohave C．having【答案】C【详解】句意：——工作了很长时间，我感到很累。——为什么不考虑休息一下呢？考查非谓语。considerdoingsth“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。23．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）Ithink________notdifficult________Englisheverymorning.A．that;keepreadingB．it’s;tokeepreading C．that;tokeepread D．it;tokeeptoread【答案】B【详解】句意：我认为每天早上坚持读英语并不难。考查非谓语动词和代词。that那个，it’s它是，it它；keepreading坚持阅读，keepdoingsth“坚持做某事”，排除D项。It’s+形容词+todosth表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，todosth是真正主语。故选B。24．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考一模）—Mr.Leeisananimal-lover.Hespendsasmuchtimeashecan________animals.—Heisatruefriendofanimals.A．protect B．protects C．toprotect D．protecting【答案】D【详解】句意：——李先生是一名动物爱好者。他花费尽可能多的时间来保护动物。——他是动物们的真正的朋友。考查动名词作宾语。protect保护，动词原形；protects动词单三形式；toprotect动词不定式；protecting动名词形式。根据“Hespendsasmuchtimeashecan…animals.”可知此处应是spend…doingsth“花费……做某事”，故选D。25．（2023·江苏连云港·统考二模）Manystudentshavedifficulty________withtheirparents,whichcausestroubleintheirlife.A．communicate B．tocommunicate C．communicating D．communicated【答案】C【详解】句意：许多学生与父母沟通有困难，这给他们的生活带来了麻烦。考查非谓语动词。havedifficulty(in)doingsth“做某事有困难”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词作宾语。故选C。26．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）—Wouldyoumindmy________here?—Betternot.Ifyoudothat,youwillbefined(罚款).A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoking D．smokeing【答案】C【详解】句意：——你介意我在这吸烟吗？——最好不要。如果你那样做，你会被罚款。考查非谓语动词。mindone’sdoingsth.“介意某人做某事”，smoking“吸烟”，动名词。故选C。27．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考二模）IaskedUncleTomtostop________becausehedidn’tfeelwell.A．smoke B．smoked C．tosmoke D．smoking【答案】D【详解】句意：我要求汤姆叔叔戒烟，因为他感觉不舒服。考查非谓语动词。stoptodosth.“停下来去做另一件事”；stopdoingsth.“停下正在做的事情”。根据“becausehedidn’tfeelwell”可知因为汤姆叔叔身体不舒服，劝他戒烟，用stopsmoking。故选D。28．（2023·四川攀枝花·统考二模）I’msleepy.Iprefer________athometo________outforawalk.A．sleeping;going B．tosleep;go C．slept;go D．sleep;going【答案】A【详解】句意：我困了。我更喜欢睡在家里，而不是出去散步。考查非谓语动词。短语preferdoingAtodoingB表示“比起B，更喜欢A”，都接动名词形式。故选A。29．（2023·四川广元·统考模拟预测）Recently,________inpublicplacesisforbidden.A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoked D．smoking【答案】D【详解】句意：最近，在公共地方抽烟是禁止的。考查非谓语动词辨析。分析句子成分，可知句子是主系表结构，smoke(吸烟)是动词，所以用动名词作主语。故选D。30．（2023·湖南湘西·统考一模）Ioftenpractice________thepianointhemorning,butmyneighborsdon’tmind________thesound.A．play;hearing B．playing;hearing C．playing;tohear【答案】B【详解】句意：我经常在早上练习弹钢琴，但我的邻居不介意听到声音。考查非谓语。practicedoingsth练习做某事；minddoingsth介意做某事。两空都填动名词作宾语。故选B。31．（2023·江苏南京·统考一模）Lookatthepicture.Whatgreatfunthechildrenarehaving________now!A．catchingfish B．tocatchfish C．feedingfish D．tofeedfish【答案】A【详解】句意：看这张照片。孩子们现在捕鱼多有趣啊！考查动词辨析和非谓语。catchfish捕鱼；feedfish喂鱼。根据图片可知，孩子们在捕鱼，又因为havefundoing“做某事有乐趣”，故选A。32．（2023·广西柳州·统考二模）—Jim,doyouoftenshoponline?—Seldom.Ithink________overtheInternetisn’talwayssafe.A．paying B．pays C．pay【答案】A【详解】句意：——吉姆，你经常在网上购物吗？——很少。我认为通过互联网付款并不总是安全的。考查非谓语动词。think后接宾语从句，从句缺乏主语，pay表示“付款”，是动词，应有动名词形式作主语。故选A。33．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模）—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,teaorcoffee?—Well,Iusedtodrinkcoffee.ButnowI________tea.Ithinkteaishealthier.A．usedto B．amusedtodrink C．amusedtodrinking D．usedtodrinking【答案】C【详解】句意：——你想要喝什么，茶还是咖啡？——好吧，我过去常喝咖啡。但是现在我习惯喝茶。我认为茶更健康。考查动词辨析。usedto过去常常；beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事。根据“Iusedtodrinkcoffee.Butnow...”可知，现在应是习惯喝茶，故填beusedtodoingsth.。故选C。34．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考二模）Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan________inoursparetime.A．read B．toread C．reading D．toreading【答案】C【详解】句意：我认为我们应该花尽可能多的时间在我们的业余时间。考查动名词作宾语。spendsthdoingsth“花费……做某事”，故选C。35．（2022·江苏苏州·校考一模）Hedevotedwhathepaidattention________itpossibleforwomen________bettereducation.A．tomaking;toreceive B．tomaking;toreceiving C．totomaking;toreceive D．totomaking;receive【答案】C【详解】句意：他致力于他所关注的去使得妇女接受更好的教育成为可能。考查动名词和不定式结构。第一空“payattentionto”是固定搭配，意为“注意”；devotetodoing“全身心投入到做某事”，因此第一空应是totomaking；第二空是不定式结构toreceive作真正宾语，it作形式宾语。故选C。三、语法选择（2023·广