题型05 任务型阅读之阅读填表（讲义）

►第05讲任务型阅读之阅读填表【复习目标】掌握阅读填表类题型的考查方式明确阅读填表题型解题技巧【考情分析】阅读填表命题规律任务型阅读题型大多采用填表形式。该题型往往对答案的字数有所限制，空格里通常要求填入1个最恰当的单词，当然有时也会要求考生填入不超过3个或4个单词，因此，同学们在答题时，不仅要读懂文章，知道在哪里寻找答案，还要注意“言简意赅、切中要害”，用规定的字数答出所需要点，以确保答案在拼写、人称、单复数、时态等方面“无懈可击”。由于此题型要求高、难度大，往往成为中考英语的拉分题。若想在中考中获得理想的成绩，对该题型务必做到读懂文章，掌握主旨，仔细推敲，寻找关键词，学会组织语言写出适当的词汇。阅读填表题型命题方式夯基·必备基础知识梳理表格挖空处是根据原文中的关键词句来设置的，因而答案往往是与原文中出现的词语或意思相近的词语，通常情况下有四种设题方式：1.标题归纳题：一般位于表格的上栏或左栏，考生可根据表格下栏或右栏的内容及文章段落中主题句和文章大意进行分析，加以概括总结。2.细节理解题：利用表格中所给的信息定位至原文，仔细辨别，寻找答案。3.推理判断题：对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语境和逻辑推理得出答案。同义转换题：对比表格内容与原文内容的差异，根据语法结构进行词形的转换，即：名词⇌动词、名词⇌形容词、主动⇌被动、肯定⇌否定★标题归纳文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。1.阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。2.寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考生加以总结提炼，得出答案。★细节理解此类题目需要采用关键信息定位法，根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句。★同义替换根据题干中的关键信息定位到文章中的具体语句，分析原文句子并结合题干句子结构，确定空格处在句中所承担的句子成分，根据语法结构和语义进行适当转换。★推理判断此类题目要求考生对文中某一细节或写作意图给出合理判断或推理，运用逻辑推理能力得出蕴含在文中没有明确说出的事实或暗示的含义。阅读填表题型解题技巧1.阅读文章时,要学会理清文章的写作思路和篇章结构,这通常是很重要的设题线索。(1)特别注意表格前的小标题,它通常是文章的主题。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意。(2)分析表格的项目内容,根据所提供的表格内容提示理清表格的设计原理。(3)学会查读。要带着问题有意识地在文章中寻找与答案相关的关键词语,或概括、归纳出关键词语。2.做题时要充分利用解题的微技能。(1)词形转换能力任务型阅读中好多答案都需要通过词形转换来完成。如:原文中用besurprisedtodosth.,根据表格题目设计,转换为Itissurprisingthat...。(2)英英释义能力任务型阅读中有些题目需要通过英英释义来解决。如:原文中用了keepyourattention,根据表格题目设计,要用listen。(3)逆向思维能力所谓逆向思维,即从另一个角度来思考问题。如:原文中用了...andmostpeoplewillstayawayfromanangryface.表格中的题目设计成:Peopledon’tliketheonewithanangryface.提升·必考题型归纳（一）（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）Theteenageyearsareusuallythemoststressfulyearsinaperson’slife.Asteensgothroughgreatchangesinbody,mindandsoon,theyareofteneasytogetangryandfullofstrongfeelings.Teensoftodayfacemorechallengesthanbefore.Technologicalimprovementsandevenclimatechangearebringingnewchangesandcausingmoretroubleforteenstodealwith.Onenewchallengeisaboutnewtechnologiesandwaysofworking,suchasAIthatwillchangethefuturejobs.Thechallengeforateentodayispreparingforanunknownfuture.Inthepast,ateencouldprepareforonlyonecareerpathandbequitecertaintostayinthesameareaofworkforalongtime.ThesituationisdifferenttodayasAIcontinuestotakeawayjobsthatdependonhumans.Teenswillhavetomeetthischallengebydevelopingasenseoflifelonglearning,beingwillingtolearnskillsthatmatchrealneedsandkeepingupwithtechnology.Finally,teenswillalsohavetoprepareforcareerpathsofmorepossibilities.Inaddition,astheeffectsofclimatechangebecomemorecommoninrecentyears,manyteensaroundtheworldareinfearoranger.Disastersandtheriseinsealevelshavedestroyedhomesandtakenawaylives.Manypeoplehavebeenhurtbytheseterribleclimaticevents,andevenifateenhasnotsuffered,heorsheisoftenworriedaboutwhatmayhappeninthefuture.Tomanagethegreatchallengesofthe21stcentury,teensshouldtreatchallengesaschances.Tokeepupwithtechnologicalimprovements,theyshouldcontinuetolearnnewskills.Asfordealingwiththeclimatechange,theycancometogethertothinkofnewwaystoacceptchangesandhelpcreateamoresustainable（可持续的）future.阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的表格，每空一词。Theorigins（来源）ofthechallenges●Oneisfromteenagers’ownchanges.●Theothersarefromtheimprovementsin___1___andclimate.The___2___broughtbythenewtypesofchallenges●TheriseofAImakesteenagersunsureoftheirfuture.Theyhavetodevelopthesenseoflifelonglearning,bewillingtolearnskillsthatmatchrealneeds.Theyalsohavetogiveuptheideaofpreparingfora___3___careerpath.●Theeffectsofclimatechangeleadteenagerstobeafraidorangry.Payingtoomuchattentiontothemmakesteenagers___4___staypeaceful.Thesolutionstothenewchallenges●Teensshouldtreatchallengesaschancesto___5___technologicalimprovement.●Theyshouldworktogethertoacceptchangesandcreateamoresustainablefuture._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2023·江苏泰州·校考三模）阅读下面短文，请根据短文内容，在文后表格中填入恰当的单词，每空一词。Mostpeoplehavethegoodfortunetoberaisedbycaringparents,whogivethemnotonlytheirlovebutalsotheirtimespentindoingvariousthingsforthem.However,manywholovetheirparentshavetroublefindingthetimetospendwiththemthattheyknowtheydeserve(值得).Well,herearesomeideas.●AfamilymealForthosewholivewithinlessthananhour’stravellingdistancefromtheirparents,aweeklygettogetheraroundthedinnertableisreallynottoomuchtoask.Itcanbeatyourplaceortheirs,oryoucanhaveotherchoices.Takethechancetochataboutdailyhappenings,andrepayjustalittleofthetimetheygladlyspentonyou.Iftheylivereallycloseby,youcouldevendropinonthewayhomefromworkattimes.●AweeklyplannedphonecallForthosewholiveatagreaterdistancefromtheirparents,thereisnopossibilityofregularcontactinperson,butthisdoesnotmeananendtopersonalcontact.Yourparentswillbegladtohearthesoundofyourvoice,soplantocallthemonthetelephoneatleastonceaweek.Ifpossible,chooseapropertimewheneveryoneismorelikelytobeathome.Yourparentswillbeevenhappierifthiscouldbeavideocall.●E-mail,textandsocialnetworksIfyourparentsfeelquitecomfortableinthecyberworld,well,spendsometimewiththeminthatlocation.Exchangee-mails,photos,andevenFacebookfriendswiththem.Youdon’thavetoshareeverydetailofyourlifewiththem,justthebitsyouknowtheywillhaveinterestin.●Askforyourparents’adviceWhateverproblemsyoumaybehaving,largeorsmall,it’sasafebetthatyourparentshavebeenthroughitallbefore.Sotalktothemandaskfortheiradvice,andiftheymakethewayclearerforyou,itmightjustturnouttobethebestfewminutesyoueverspent.●SharerelaxationtimeThatis,plantimetogetherdoingsomethingyoubothenjoy.WomenpreparingforashoppingtriportotakeinafilmcouldeasilydothesamethingtogetherwithMum.Sometimesfathersandsonscouldenjoygolforfishingtogether.Goingoutforamealcanbeatimeforeveryonetohavefun,oryoucangettogetherforaweekendonceortwiceayearifdistanceseparatesyou.Thoughmostparentsdonotexpecttoplayaleadroleinthelivesoftheiradultchildren,theiryearsofloveandgladly-giventimedeserveafewthoughtfulminutesinreturn.Sospendtimewithyourparentsandmakethemclosertoyou.Find____6____forParentsProblem●Mostpeoplebroughtupbycaringparentsfindit____7____topaybacktheirparents.WaysHavedinnertogether●Gettogethertohavemealsweekly____8____atyourplacesorotherplaces.●Chataboutwhathashappenedinthepastfewdays.Makeaphonecall●Whenregularcontactinpersonis____9____becauseofthegreatdistance,makesureyourparentscanhearyourvoiceas____10____aspossible.●Chooseatime____11____forbothofyou.Thiswillgreatlymakeyourparentshappy.Contact____12____●Sharesomethinginterestingwithyourparentsthroughe-mail,textorsocialnetworks.Turntoyourparentsforadvice●Yourparentscanhelpyouwithdifferent____13____ofproblems,becausetheyaremoreexperiencedthanyouinonewayoranother.●Sharingyourtroublesandplansisagreatwaytoshowyourlove.Shareyoursparetime●____14____timetogetheranddothingsyoubothenjoy.Conclusion●Spendingtimewithyourparentsisagoodwayto____15____themfortheirdevotion._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2023·江苏无锡·校考二模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。HaveyouevervisitedLongmenGrottoes（石窟）orYungangGrottoes?Around1,800yearsago,Chineseartistsmadestatuesinmountains.Overtheyears,thesestatueshavegonethroughearthquakes,floodsandwars.Nowinthe21stcentury,however,theyarefacinganevenbiggerproblem:tourism.Toomanytouristsgotovisitthosegrottoeseveryyearandthiscertainlydoesharmtothegrottostatues.How?Overmanycenturies,thesegrottostatuesslowlycorrode（侵蚀）becauseoftheacidiccontent（酸性物含量）ofair,waterandsoon.Butwhentheyareopentothepublic,thecorrosionprocessspeedsup.Accordingtoastudy,thecarbondioxidethatvisitorsbreatheouthasmadetheairmoreacidic.Also,visitorsbringinmicroorganisms（微生物）.Eventheirbodyheatcanincreasethegrottoes’temperature.Badbehaviourcancauseharmtothegrottostatuesaswell.Toomanyvisitorstouchthegrottostatuesandcausetheirsurfacestochangecolour.Whenwevisitthegrottoes,wecanoftenseeasignsaying,“NoFlash!”or“NoPhotos!”Thisisbecausethestronglightcanbebadforthestatues,especiallythosewithcolour.Thelightcaneasilymakethemlosecolour.Toprotectthoseancientculturaltreasures,recentlyChinahasaskedtheworkerswhotakecareofthosegrottoesnottoallowtoomanyvisitorstocomeeveryday.Andtokeepabalancebetweenprotectingreliesandeducatingthepublic,somegrottositeshavealsocreatedtheirowndigital（数字的）museums.Title:GrottoStatuesArein___16___ProblemsThegrottoescorrode___17___whentheyareopentothepublic.→Thecarbondioxidethatvisitorsbreatheout,themicroorganismsvisitorsbringinandvisitors’bodyheatmakethegrottoenvironmentmoreacidic.→Touristsbehavebadly.●Theytouchthegrottostatueswiththeirhands.●Thestronglightofcamerasmakesthegrottostatueslosecoloureasily.___18___→Controlthe___19___ofdailyvisitors.→___20___touristswithonlinetoursindigitalmuseums._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（四）（2023·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考三模）Howimportantismusic?Whentheyareaskedthisquestion,studentsandparentsusuallyanswerthatmusicisnice,butnotveryimportant.Itisoftenconsideredonlyasentertainment,butnotthefirstchoiceforeducation.Thisopinionisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationisnecessaryandimportantforallstudents.Musictellsuswhoweare.Musicreflects（反映）thecreators’thinkingandvalues,aswellasthesocialenvironmentitcamefrom.Forexample,justasMozartmusicrepresentsalifestyle,rockmusicrepresentsalifestyletoo.ThejazzinfluencethatGeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecauseitcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicprovidesakindofabilitytoknowtheworldinadifferentway.Scienceexplainshowthesunrisesandsets.Musicexplorestheemotive（情感的）meanings.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespond（回应）toourworldbecausenoonewaycangetitall.Musicisaformofthought,aspowerfulasscience.Itisawaywehumanbeings“talk”toeachother.Throughthelanguageweexpressourfeelings,ourdiscoveries,ourideas,ourimaginationandourhopessothattheycanbesharedwithothers.Whenwedonotletourchildrenreceivegoodmusiceducation,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.Sciencedoesnottelluswhatitmeanstobehuman.Musicdoes.Somusiceducationismuchmoreimportantthanpeoplegenerallyrealize.Title:MusiceducationisofgreatimportancePassageoutlineDetailedinformationIntroduction●Shortsightedopinion:Musicisonlyawayofentertainment,notthetopchoiceforeducation.●____21____:Musiceducationisimportantandnecessaryforallstudents.MainBodyAwaytotellwhoweareMusicnotonlyreflectsthesocialenvironmentitcamefrombutalsoexpressespeople'sthinkingandvalues.AwaytoknowtheworldWecan’tdiscoverandrespondtoourworldinjustoneway.●Scienceexplainshownature____22____.●Musicexplorestheemotivemeaningsofnature.Awayto____23____witheachother●Weusemusicto____24____ourfeelings,discoveries,ideas,imaginationandhopeswithothers.●Music,____25____fromscience,tellsuswhatitmeanstobehuman.ConclusionMusiceducationisimportant._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（五）（2023·江苏镇江·统考二模）Oneday,whenIwakeup,Ifindmyselftheruleroftheworld…Wewouldhavehalfanhourof“keepfit”everyday,awayfromtheInternet.MytheoryisthatalmostallInternetfightswouldbesolvedifwewereallforcedtowalkawayfromcomputersanddosomeexerciseinfreshair.Ithinkalotofourangercomesfromthefactthatwe’rejustnotgettingenoughofit.Wemustbekindtoanimals.Onceayear,wewouldhaveadaycompletelydevotedtoanimals;everybodywouldbeallowedtohavethedayoffandjustspendtheirtimewiththeirdog,catormouse.Sometimespeoplearetooshytosaythattheyloveanimalsasmuchastheylovehumans.AndIguessthatIamaswell.IwishIcouldtalkaboutthatmorefreely.I’malwayshappywhenImeetotherpeoplewhofeelthesameway,anddevotetheirlivestotakinginhomelesscatsanddogs,andraisingmoneyforanimalcharities.EverybodywouldhaveafreeMichelin-starred（米其林星级）dinner.Weliveinaworldwherewehearabouttheseplacesalot.It’sconsideredasthepinnacle（巅峰）ofexperiencetogoandenjoyfoodthere.Butinfact,foralmost99percentofpeopleinmycitydon’tgetthechance.It’sveryexpensiveandmightbefaraway,sopeoplejustdon’tgo.TheymightwatchitonTV,buttheyneverwitnessatwo-Michelin-starrestaurantforthemselves.SinceIcometopower,everybodywillgetafreeticketandenjoythemselvesintherestaurant.AllpeoplewouldspeakgoodEnglish.IstudiedEnglish—reallybadly—fornineyears,inaschoolinsouth-eastofChina,Iwasn’tveryhard-working,IjustdiditbecauseIkindofhadto.AndIreallyfeelsorryforthat,becausenowI’mcircledbybusinesspeoplespeakingEnglishallthetime.So,whenIcometopower,allpeoplewouldspeakEnglishwell,andthingswillworkout.阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面的表格，每空一词。A/An____26____aboutRulingtheWorld“Keepfit”project●Wespend30minutesdoingsportsinsteadofworkingbeforecomputers.●Allonlinefightswouldbeendedandwewon’tbe____27____anymore.NationalAnimalDay●Wecanhaveadayoffto____28____forpets.●Peoplearetooshytospeakouttheirloveforanimals.●Beingkindtoanimalsmakesmehappy.FreeMichelindinner●____29____peoplehavethechancetogotoaMichelin-starredrestaurantbecauseofthehighpriceandlongjourney.●Everyonecanenjoyadinnerwithoutpaying.Englishlearning●Mynine-yearlearningofEnglishisafailure.I____30____laterbecauseIfindituseful.●Thingswillgowellifwe’reallgoodatEnglish._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（六）（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Whenitcomestofootball,amancalledLionelAndresMessientersourminds.Messistartedtoplayfootballwhenhewasayoungchild.Then,sixyearslater,hedevelopedaseriousillnessattheageof11.Luckily,FootballClubBarcelonaofferedtopayforhismedicalbills.MessiandhisfathermovedtoBarcelonawhereMessijoinedtheclub.In2003,henotonlytookpartinhisfirstmatchbutalsowonit.Messiishighlycreative,andhastheskillstoplayeitherinthemiddleoronthetwowings.Asotherpeoplesay,Messiisthemosttalentedfootballplayerinnearly20years.MessihaswonFIFA’sGoldenBallaward(奖)andtheWorldCupchampionssuccessfully.In2022,MesiplayedinhisfifthandfinalWorldCupandwonfinally.However,asthemostexcellentfootballstar,Messiiskindandhelpful.In2007,Messisetupacharity(慈善组织)tosupportchildrenwithmedicaldifficulties.In2010,Messiworkedasanambassador(大使)forUNICEF.Also,Messialwaystriestoencouragehimselftobebetterandneverfeelstired.Heisonthewayto“TheKingofSoccer”.根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。Messi’sWayto“TheKingofSoccer”Backgrounds•Hestartedtoplayfootballattheageof___31___•In2003,hetookpartinhisfirstmatchas___32___aswonit.•In2022,heplayedinhisfifthandfinalWorldCupandwonfinally.Achievements•Hehasthe___33___toplayeitherinthemiddleoronthetwowings.•HehaswonFIFA’sGoldenBallawardandtheWorldCupchampionssuccessfully.Spirits•Heiskindand___34___•Hetriestoencouragehimselftobebetterallthe___35___._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（七）（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）Carspoweredbygasoline（汽油）weresoldformanyyearsbeforecarsthatuseelectricity.Carcompaniesarenowmakingcarsthatarefullypoweredbyelectricityonly.Howdotheseelectriccarsmeasureupto（符合标准）traditionalgasolinecars?Electricandgasolinecarslooksimilarontheoutside.Theyhaveverydifferentpartsundertheirhoods（引擎盖）,though.Electriccarshaveonemainmovingpart:themotor.Butgasolinecarshavehundredsofparts,oftenrequiringfrequentmaintenance（保养）.Havingfewerpartsmakestheelectriccarcheapertomaintainandlesslikelytohavemechanical（机械的）problems.Electriccarsareenergyefficient（高效的）,alsomakingthemcheapertooperate.Itcostsabout$1.00totravel43milesinanelectriccar.Butitcostsabout$1.25togo18milesinagasolinecar.Basically,anelectriccarcangotwiceasfarasagascarforthesameprice.Electriccarsdonothavetailpipeemissions（尾气排放）,makingthemmorefriendlytotheenvironment,too.Whilesomedetailsmakeelectriccarsseemattractive,otherdetailsaren’tasfavourable.Forexample,someelectriccarscantravelonly60to120milesonafullcharge（充电）.Mostgascarscandrivehundredsofmilesonafulltank（油箱）.Anelectriccarhastostopmoreoftentogetrecharged.Therefore,agascarwouldbeabetteroption（选择）ifyouhavefartodrive.Andelectriccarsaren’tasconvenient（方便的）topowerupasgascarsare.Thereareplentyofgasstations,butnotmanychargingstationsforelectriccars.Then,onceanelectriccarreachesachargingstation,itcantakeuptosixhourstocharge.Therearecertainlyadvantagestobothelectriccarsandgasolinecars.It’sgoodtoknowthatthereisachoice.Whichonedoyouprefer?It’suptoyou.※Introduction:Withtheappearanceofelectriccars,peoplewonderwhetherelectriccarscanreachthesame____36____asgasolinecars.※____37____:Electriccarsandgasolinecarslooksimilarintheirlooks.1.Havingfewerpartsreducesthecostoftheirmaintenanceandthe____38____ofhavingmechanicalproblems.2.Comparedwithgasolinecars,electriccarsaremoreenergysaving,makingthemcheapertooperate.3.Havingnotailpipeemissions,theydonoharmtotheenvironment.4.Gascarscancovera____39____distanceonafulltankthanelectriccarsonafullcharge.5.Therearemanygasstationsbuiltforgascarswhilenotenoughchargingstationsareprovidedforpeopletochargetheirelectriccars.※Conclusion:Bothgascarsandelectriccarshavetheirownadvantages.Yourchoicedependsonyour____40____._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（八）（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）完成表格。阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。Doyoufindithardtosaynowheneversomeonecomestoyouforhelp?Doyoufeelguilty(内疚的)whenyouhavetotellpeoplethatyoucan’thelpthem?Anddoyouoftensay“yes”whileyourtrueansweris“no”?Ifyouansweredyes,youmaybea“people-pleaser”.Beingfriendlyandhelpfulisagoodthing.Ithelpsyoubuildlastingfriendships.However,goingtoofar—tryingtopleaseothersevenatthecostofyourownhappiness—canleaveyoufeelingstressed.Luckily,therearesomestepsthatyoucantaketostopbeingapeople-pleaser.Tostartwith,it’simportanttocreate“boundaries(边界)”inyourlife.Beclearaboutwhatyoureallyliketodo.Youcanalsotellothersthattheycanonlycometoyouduringacertainperiodoftime.Whensomeoneasksyouforhelp,tellhimorherthatyouneedsometimetothinkaboutit.Usethistimetoaskyourself:Doyoureallywanttodothis?Howmuchtimewillittake?Bygivingyourselfafewminutes,you’llbebetterabletodecide.Somepeoplealwaystrytopleaseothersbecausetheyhavelittleconfidenceinthemselves.Theyplacealowvalueontheirownhappiness.Inthiscase,trypositiveself-talk.Remindyourselfthatyouhavedreams,too.Youdon’thavetogiveawayyourtimeandenergytodothingsthatdon’tbringyoujoy.Makingasuddenandbigchangecanbehard,butyoucanbreakhugetaskupintopieces.Youmay,forexample,texttosayno.Then,gostraighttothepersonandsayno.Practicethisinlessdifficultsituationsfirst,suchastalkingtoasalespersonororderingatarestaurant.Thentryrefusingyourfriendsorrelatives.Stoppingbeingapeople-pleaserdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogiveupbeingkindandhelpful.Youcanstilldogoodthings—butdon’ttakeawayyourownhappiness.People-pleasersDefinitionPeoplewhotrytopleaseothersevenatthecostoftheirownhappiness.☆Peoplewhofindithardtoturndownothers’request.☆Peoplewhofeelashamedandbadbecauseofdoingnothinghelpful.☆Peoplewhoagreewithotherseventhoughtheythink___41___.RiskPeople-pleasersmayendupputtingalotofpressureonthemselves.___42___onstoppingbeingapeople-pleaser◆Setlimitsinyourlife.a.Knowyourlikesanddislikes.b.Tellothersyouareonly___43___foracertainperiodoftime.◆Sparesometimetothinkbeforereplyingtoothersandmakingthefinaldecision.◆___44___confidence.a.Trypositiveself-talk.b.It’sunnecessarytowastetimeandenergydoingsomethingwhichyoudon’tlike.◆Startbytakingsmallsteps.a.Fromtextingtosaynotorefusingothers___45___.b.Fromstrangerstopeopleyouknow._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________真题感悟（一）（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，每空不超过3个单词。WhentalkingaboutthesymbolsofChineseculture,lanternsmustbeoneofthem.TherearethreekindsoflanternsthatarewidelyusedinChina.HanginglanternsThemostcommontype(种类)oflanternsishanginglanterns.Incitiesandthecountryside,youcanseehanginglanternsdecorating(装饰)streetlights,publicbuildingsandshops.Afewlanternswillbehungoutsidewindows,especiallyduringfestivalseasons.It’ssaidthatlanternshungduringtheChineseNewYearcandriveawaythemonsters(怪兽)“Nian”andbringgoodluck.FlyinglanternsOnspecialfestivals,suchastheMid-AutumnFestival,youcanseeflyinglanterns.TheyareflownintotheskyalloverChina.Theyarebeautifultowatchandareoftenflownoutdoors.However,flyinglanternsmaybedangeroussometimes.Forexample,theymaycausefires.FloatinglanternsWhenpeopleholdsomecelebrationsnearriversorlakes,wecanseefloatinglanternseasily.Forexample,weoftenseefloatinglanternsduringtheDragonBoatFestival.Therearedifferentshapesoffloatinglanterns.Themostcommonshapeislikelotus(莲花).Peoplelightfloatinglanternsinordertocreateawonderfulviewonthewater.____1____oflanternsInformationHanginglanternsItissaidthatlanternshungduringtheChineseNewYearcandriveawaythemonster“Nian”and____2____.____3____lanternsTheyarebeautifultowatch,butsometimesflyinglanternsaremaybe

____4____.FloatinglanternsPeoplelightfloatinglanterns____5____abeautifulviewonthewater._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，完成表格，每空不超过三个词。Whenthefirstpersonlookeduptothesky,people’simaginationofspacebegan.InChina,therearemanystoriesabouttheexploration(探索)ofspace.Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaladynamedChang’ethatflewtotheMoonandlivedtherewitharabbit.It’sjustastoryinmyths(神话).IntheMingDynasty,amannamedWanHuusedamachinewhichwasmadeofachair,somefireworksandakiteasarockettoflytospacebutfailed.Hewasconsideredasthefirsthumanthattriedtoexplorespace.Ourexplorationofspaceneverstoppeduntilitbecamearealityinmoderntimes.Withoutdoubt,Chinesespacetechnologyhasmadegreatprogress.In2003,whenShenzhouVsetoffsuccessfully,YangLiwei’swords“Iamproudofourmotherland”broughttearstooureyes.CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese.In2008,ZhaiZhiganginShenzhouVIIhadthefirstChinesespacewalk,“Iamoutofthecapsule(太空舱),andIfeelgood,”hetoldtheworldproudly.Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinordertostepfurtheronexploringspace.Especiallyintherecentyears,ChinahassentupShenzhouXIandShenzhouXV.Sixastronautshavebeensenttospacewithtwowomenincluded.OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.From2003to2023,Chinesepeoplegofartherandfartherinspace,Inthenearfuture,ChinawillsendastronautstotheMoonandexploretheMoon.StoriesaboutChina’s____6____ThousandsofyearsagoChang’eflewtotheMooninmyths.IntheMingDynastyWanHumadeamachineandtriedtoexplorespace.In2003YangLiweistarted____7____fortheChinese.In2008ZhaiZhiganghadthefirstChinesespacewalk.InthenextyearsWeChinesepeoplekeptmakingourway____8____wecouldstepfurtheronexploringspace.On____9____ChinasentShenzhouXVIintospacesuccessfully.InthefutureChineseastronauts____10____totheMoon._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2023·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）DoyouknowabouttraditionalChineseart?TherearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalChineseartandeachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialkindsoftraditionalart.HuaguxiHuguxioriginated(起源)inHunanProvince.Someotherprovinces,likeHubei,Anhui,Henan,alsohaveHuaguxi.PeoplecouldwatchHuaguxiasearlyastheQingDynasty.Therewereonlytworolesinthe