广东省深圳2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

深圳2024—2025学年第一学期期末测试题高二英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。考试时间120分钟，满分130分。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AATravelGuideWhetheryou'retravellingtotheislandsorthemountainsofThailand,you'relikelytospendatleastonenightinitscapitalcityontheway.Bangkokmightbenoisyandpollutedbutit'salsoanexcitingcitywithplentyofthingstoseeanddo.Whynotmakeitalongerstay?WheretostayTheKhaoSanRoadwasafamoustravellerspotevenbeforeLeonardoDiCaprio'scharacterinthefilmTheBeachstayedthere.Butit'snoisy,notveryprettyandnotveryThai.Forsomethingmoreauthentic,PhraKanongoffersanalternativeplacetostay,withitsfantasticstreetmarketswhereeverydayBangkokpeopleeat,workandlive.It'snotasconvenientforthemaintouristsites,butithasaSkytrainstationsoyoucanbeattheGrandPalacein20minutes.HowtogetaroundBangkok'strafficcanbeanightmare.Sure,youcaneasilytakeataxi——ifyouwanttospendhoursstuckintrafficjams—buttherearetwomuchbetterwaystogetaroundthecity.Toexplorethetemplesandhistoricalsites,catchanexpressboatrivertaxioralong-tailboatalongtheChaoPhrayariverandthecanals.Forthemodernpartofthecity,theSkytrainisafast,cheapwaytotravelfromtherivertotheshoppingmallsandnightlifeofSukhumvit,andthefamousChatuchakstreetmarket.WheretoeatThesimpleansweris:everywhere!Thaistreetfoodisamongthebestintheworld,andforaround$5youcaneatafillinganddeliciousmeal.Somefoodstandshavelittleplasticseatswhereyoucansitandeatandtheycookthesamedishoverandover,likefriedchickenonriceorPadThainoodles.HeadforChinatown-YaowaratStreet-andchoosewhateverlooksmostinterestingfromthemanyexcellentChineseandThairestaurantsandfoodstands.WhattodoAfteryou'veseenthemainsitesliketheGiantBuddhaatthetempleofWatPhoandthespectacularGrandPalace,andshoppedatChatuchakmarket,checkoutthesnakefarmandwatchthelivesnakeshow.Youcaneventouchasnakeyourselfifyouwantto!1.WhatcanweknowaboutaccommodationinBangkok?A.KhaoSanRoadiswell-knownforitscomfortablelivingconditions.B.PhraKanongprovidesanauthenticThailivingexperience.C.Areasclosetotouristsitesgenerallyhavenoiseproblems.D.TheaccommodationneartheSkytrainstationsisinsufficient.2.Whatisthemostefficientwaytoreachmodernshoppingareas?A.Takingtaxis. B.Catchinganexpressboat.C.TakingtheSkytrain. D.Catchingalong-tailboat.3.Basedonthetext,whichoneofthefollowingcouldbethebestadvicefortravelingBangkok?A.OnenightisenoughtofullyexperienceBangkok.B.Avoidexpressboatrivertaxisastheyoftengetyoustuckintraffic.C.Selectdiningplacescarefullysincenotallareofgoodquality.D.TrytoexploreBangkok'sdiversespotsforfun.BThecoldnorthernwindhereinthestreetsofPetersburgstrengthensmynervesandfillsmewithdelight.IcannotthinkofthePoleascoldandempty;inmyimaginationitisaregionofbeautyanddelight.Whoknowswhatstrangelandscapesandcreatureswemayfindthere?Ishallsatisfymycuriositywiththesightofanunknownpartoftheworld,andwalkwherenomanhasbefore.Thinkingofit,Ifeelthesamejoyachildfeelswhenhesailshislittleboatonavoyageofdiscoveryuphisnativeriver.Thisvoyagewasthefavoritedreamofmyearlyyears.Myeducationwasneglected,yetIwaspassionatelyfondofreading.UncleThomas'slibrarycontainedonlybooksaboutexploration,whichIreaddayandnight.Finally,mythoughtscometotheideaofmakingavoyageofdiscovery.SixyearshavepassedsinceIdecidedonthepresentvoyage.Ican,evennow,rememberthehourwhenIcommittedmyselftothisgreatenterprise.Ibeganbymakingmybodyusedtohardship.IwentonwhalehuntingvoyagestotheNorthSea;Ivoluntarilyenduredcold,hunger,thirst,andlackofsleep.Ioftenworkedharderthanthecommonsailorsduringtheday.Then,atnights,Istudiedmathematics,thetheoryofmedicine,andsciencesofpracticalimportanceforasea-goingadventurer.TwiceItookjobsasanofficeronaGreenlandwhalingship.Ifeltalittleproudwhenmycaptainaskedmetoremainwiththeship,sovaluabledidheconsidermyservices.Andnow,doInotdeservetoachievesomegreattask?Mylifemighthavebeenpassedineaseandcomfort,butIpreferredglorytoeverypleasurethatwealthplacedinmypath.4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthePole?A.Itremindshimofhischildhood.B.Itmustbearegionfullofsurprises.C.Itwouldfulfilhisdreamofbeinganadventurer.D.It'stoocoldadestinationwithalmostnothing.5.Whatdoesthebold-letteredword“enterprise”inthelastparagraphmean?A.career B.adventure C.business D.service6.Torealizehischildhooddream,theauthorgot.A.physicallypreparedbyexperiencinggreatsufferingB.spirituallypreparedbygaininghiscaptain'srecognitionC.academicallypreparedbyreadingbooksonexplorationD.financiallypreparedbyservingonawhalehuntingship7.Accordingtothetext,theauthorisdefinitelyapersonfullof.A.courage B.fancy C.pride D.perseveranceCIn1960,DouglasMcGregor,aprofessorattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,introducedTheoryXandTheoryYinhisbookTheHumanSideofEnterprise.Heheldthatwhenitcomestomotivatingemployees,specificassumptionsabouthumannaturemustbefactoredin.TheoryXassumesthattheaveragepersonnaturallydislikesworkandwillavoiditwheneverpossible.Italsosuggeststhatmostpeopleareeasilyinfluenced,notveryintelligent,resistchange,avoidresponsibility,andprioritizepersonalsecurityoverorganizationalgoalswhilebeingself-centred.Basedonthese,managementistaskedwithorganizingallelementsofaproductivecompany.Theymustdirectemployees,motivatethemthroughrewardsandpunishments,andtightlycontroltheiractions.Thistraditionalapproachoftenleadstoautocratic(独断的)leadershipwithinorganizations.Forinstance,employeesarecloselysupervised,anddecisionsaremadefromthetop-downwithlittleinputfromtheworkforce.McGregor,noticingtheshortcomingsofTheoryX,cameupwithTheoryY.Thistheorysuggeststhatunderfavorableworkingconditions,workcanbeasnaturalasrelaxation.People,whencommitted,canexerciseself-controlandself-direction.Theyarewillingtotakeonresponsibilityandarebrimmingwithimaginationandcreativity.OrganizationsthatfollowTheoryYtypicallyfeaturedecentralizedauthority,two-waycommunicationsystems,andparticipativeleadership.Insuchworkplaces,employeesaregivenmoreautonomy,likebeinginvolvedindecision-makingprocessesthataffecttheirwork.ThesetwotheorieshavebeensignificantincrystallizingthefindingsoftheHawthroneExperiments.However,theyhavefacedcriticism.Theytendtooversimplifyhumannatureandmanagerialstyles,wronglyassumingthatthejobitselfisthesolekeytomotivation.Also,TheoryYcanseemoverlyidealistic.Intherealworld,noteveryjobcanbemadeinternallyrewarding,andsomelevelofexternaldirectionisoftennecessary.Intheend,neithertheorysuitsallsituations.Acombinationofboth,knownasthecontingencyapproach,isthemostfittingfordiverseorganizationalscenarios.Thisapproachallowsmanagerstoadapttheirmotivationalstrategiesbasedonthespecificcontext,employeecharacteristics,andthenatureofthetasksathand.8.WhichofthefollowingassumptionsmaycomefromTheoryX?A.Peopleareeagerforjobvariety. B.Peopledisliketoworkbynature.C.Peopleconstantlyseektochange. D.Peoplearealwayscooperative.9.What'slikelytohappeninacompanythatfollowsTheoryY?A.Workershelpplantheirownwork.B.Therearestrictrulesforeverythingtheydo.C.Workersarepushedbythefearoflosingtheirjobs.D.Bossestellworkerswhattodoforeverytask.10.Accordingtothetext,whatisNOTareasontocriticizeMcGregor'stheories?A.Theyassumethatallemployeesrespondidenticallytomotivation.B.Theypaintasimplisticpictureofhowpeoplethinkandactatwork.C.Theysetanunrealisticstandardforwhatmakesajobengaging.D.Theyfailtoaccountfortheneedforsomeleadershipguidance.11.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Acertaintheorycanfixproblemsinbigcompanies.B.Knowingthesetheorieshelpswithemployees’officework.C.Amixofthetheoriesshouldbeuseddependingonthesituation.D.Gettingemployeesmotivatedisveryimportantforacompany'ssuccess.DThetechnologyforspeech-recognitionsystemshasadvancedgreatlysinceitsappearanceinthe1950s.Manyvoicesystemscanunderstandthelanguagewhenspokenatanormalconversationalrate.Buteventheadvancedhuman-machineinterfaces(人机交互)usedtodayareunabletotrickthelistenersintothinkingacomputerisahuman.Whyisthis?Simplyput,it'sbecausehumanbeingsrelyonmorethanwordstoconveyideasorinterpretmessages,suchastones,facialexpressions,bodymovements,andobjectsintheworldaroundthem.Onesignificantrecentachievementinthefieldoftalkingcomputersisvirtualpersonalassistants(VPAs)onmobilephones.IfyoutellamobilephoneVPAthatyouwanttoschedulealunchwithafriend,itcansettheappointmentinyourphoneinseconds.TheVPAcanalsoholdabasic“conversation”andhasearnedfameforitselementarysenseofhumour.Still,thehumourispreprogrammedandcanbetriggeredonlywhenhumanusersspeakcertainkeywords.Whilethepotentialfor“real”communicationbetweenahumanandamachinemayseemexciting,thispossibilityconcernssomepeople.Someexpertsworryaboutpeople'sattachmenttothesemachinesandfearthattheartofsuccessfulhuman-to-humanconversationwillbeundevelopedinyoungergenerations.Theyworrythatpeoplewon'tbeabletodisplaytherightemotionortoneinconversationsbecausetheyhaven'tbeenpractisingthoseskills.Othersfearthatmachineswilltakeoverfunctionsthatweretraditionallyperformedbyhumans,suchascustomerservice.Anotherconcernoftenassociatedwiththedevelopmentofnewtechnologyistheinvasionofprivacy(侵犯隐私).Whenpeopleusecertainspeech-recognitionapplications,theyleavebehindanaudiotrackoftheirspeech.WhenyouaskaVPAfordirections,yourspeechissentandsavedtoaremoteserverforprocessing.Thisdigitaltrailmayleadtodatamining,orthecollectionoflargequantitiesofpersonaldata.Fornow,however,thecontinuingevolutionofspeech-recognitionsoftwareisworthexpecting.Leadingcompaniesinthefieldhopetomakehumancommunicationwithmachinesasseamlessaspossible,justlikecommunicatingwithanotherhuman.12.Accordingtothetext,whatcanaVPAdo?A.Entertainuserswithitsoriginaljokes. B.Enablepeopletoregarditasahuman.C.Holdpreprogrammedconversations. D.Displaytherighttonesinconversations.13.Whichsituationreflectstheconcernsmentionedinthetext?A.OneVPAservicewaspricedhigherforprotectingusers'privacy.B.AnairlineborehighcostsforapplyingVPAstoitsonlineservice.C.Anappfailedtooffertherightdirectionwhengivenspokeninstructions.D.SometeenagersbecamemoresociallyawkwardduetotheaddictiontoVPAs.14.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinformreadersofthedouble-edgedqualityofanewtechnology.B.Toinspirereaderstoexplorethefutureofanewtechnology.C.Topromotetheapplicationofanewtechnology.D.Tostresstheconvenienceofanewtechnology.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.TheworriesoverVPAs. B.Listeningto“arealperson”.C.Theworldoftechnology. D.Talkingtotechnology.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TalkingwithYourDoctorTalkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don'tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.16●Staypositive.Gotoyourdoctor'svisitswithagoodattitude.17Thinkteamwork!Thinkpositive!●Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.18Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms(症状)andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou'vefeltthatway.●19Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic(过敏)toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.●Askquestions.Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.20Remember—there'snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon'tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion,askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand.A.Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B.Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C.Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon'twork.D.Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.E.Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.F.Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G.Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.第二部分完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Ifafterthefirst50pagesofabookyoudon'tgetengaged,you'reallowedtostopreadingandtryagainlaterwhenyoufeelreadyforit,”myfathertoldme.Myfatherholdsthis21responsibleforhislifelongloveofliterature.Asabusylabourer,hehasregardedreadingbooksasanalmostsacred22.Hefeelsastrong,perhaps,irresistible23toreadfrequentlyandalot.Idon'tthinkmyfather24tohandtheadvicedowntome.He'snotthesorttogiveadviceandI'mnotthesortto25it.ButIfindit'sbecausetheadviceisdelivered26thatitismostlikelytobelistenedto.Ilikethisadvice“readingfirst50pages”,forthegenerosityandrespectitextendstoabook’s27andhisorhercraft.Areader,itsuggests,needsalittle28toadapttoabook'sparticulartoneandvoice.Meanwhile,thisadvicegivesapersonpermissionto29reading.Nobody,itimplies,needforcethemselvestostrugglethroughabookthey'renot30.Iparticularlylikethe31advicetoreturntoabook“whenyoufeelreadyforit.”It'sa32thatreadingisnaturallyrelationalandthatthereadersneedtime.EvenwhenI'mmorethanreadytostopreadingbypage50,33theexercisefeelsworthdoing.Justlikestoppingswimminghalfwaymakesthemusclesinmylegsache34itusestheminadifferentwayfromcycling.Butinbothcases,it'sasatisfyingkindofhurtbecauseit'sa35ofgettingstronger.21.A.warning B.advice C.guarantee D.request22.A.debate B.protest C.beg D.escape23.A.trend B.view C.urge D.influence24.A.dared B.forgot C.hesitated D.intended25.A.ask B.write C.drop D.support26.A.safely B.quickly C.indirectly D.personally27.A.reader B.author C.critic D.publisher28.A.patience B.luck C.help D.grace29.A.finish B.teach C.love D.stop30.A.referringto B.talkingabout C.connectingwith D.commentingon31.A.gentle B.strong C.common D.timely32.A.duty B.recognition C.pity D.wonder33.A.thus B.just C.then D.still34.A.unless B.because C.once D.before35.A.sign B.rule C.question D.goal第三部分语法选择题(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)36.Wemustalltakeactiontoreduceourcarbonfootprint,andprotectwildlifehabitatsitistoolate.A.since B.until C.after D.before37.Thisistheancienttree,branchesprovideacoolshelterforpeopletorestunderduringhotsummers.A.which B.that C.whose D.who38.Thequestionoursmalltownwillhostafamoussinger'sfreeconcertnextmonthhasbeenoneveryone'slips.A.if B.whether C.what D.which39.Theexperiencedguidemadethetouristsacloserlookattherareplantsinthenaturereservetoappreciatetheiruniquebeauty.A.do B.done C.todo D.doing40.inthesuddenrainstormwhilehikinginthemountainswasanunpleasantexperiencefortheoutdoorenthusiasts.A.Beingcaught B.Caught C.Catching D.ToCatch41.Itwasinthatsmall,cozycoffeeshopbytheriverthetwooldfriendsreunitedafteryearsofseparation.Theysharedmanymemoriesandlaughedalot.A.where B.which C.when D.that42.——Thisprojectischallenging,withitstightdeadlinesandcomplexrequirements.——Yes,butIthinkit'sthantheonewedidlastquarter,whichhadevenstricterrulesandalargerscope.A.morechallenging B.themostchallenging C.lesschallenging D.theleastchallenging43.Finally,thecompany—byitsnewmanager—startedtomakeaprofit.A.heading B.tohead C.washeaded D.headed44.Thegreatestgloryinlivingliesnotinnever,butinrisingeverytimewefall.A.tofall B.falling C.fallen D.fall45.Inthenewsemester,theschoolhaslaunchedaseriesofdiverseandinnovativecoursestomeetthevariousinterestsofthestudents.Thesestudentsmaychoosethecoursesthatmostinterest.A.them B.themselves C.us D.itself第四部分语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Notallfamousnationalparksareonland.Somenationalparksaremarineparks.OnegoodexampleofthisistheGreatBarrierReefMarineParkinAustralia.46(stretch)over2,300kilometers,theGreatBarrierReefisconsideredoneofthenaturalwondersoftheworld.Itisthelargeststructureintheworldmadebylivingcreatures.Awidevarietyoftropicalwildlifealso47(make)thereefitshome.SincetheGreatBarrierReefisjustbelowthesurfaceofthewater,itisanexcellentplace48(see)nature,andmillionsofpeopletravelthereeveryyear.Theparkwascreatedin1975toprotectthereef49overdevelopmentandfishing.Unfortunately,the50(big)dangertotheGreatBarrierReefissomethingpark51(manage)cannotstop——globalwarming.Risingoceantemperaturesarecausingsomecoraltodie52thecolourfulreefstoturngrey.Hundredsofyearsago,peoplecouldnotimaginethattherewouldeverbeatime53forestswouldbecutdown,oceanswouldbecome54(pollute),andwildlifewouldfaceextinction.Facingtheproblemsofenvironmentpollutionandoverdevelopment,somenationalparkshavebeensetasidetoprotectbothnaturalfeaturesandwildlife.55protectionofnaturalareashasattractedmuchmediaattention,andnowmoreandmorepeoplearesupportingtheideaofeco-friendlydevelopment.第五部分用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)56.Thepatternofinjuriesisc(和...一致,和...相符)withanattackwithaknife.57.Thedropinsupplyequatestoaboutamonthoffoodc(消费;消耗)forKenyaandSomaliacombined.58.Thetotalamountofe(接触;暴露)tothesmokealongthesurfaceareaofthelungisthoughttobehigher.59.Therecanbemoreroomintheb(预算)forbetterfoodsifmeatiskepttoaminimum.60.Researchintoageinginlargermammalsgivesani(洞察)intohumanlifeexpectancy.61.NewYorkershavebeentoldwhattheyhadlongs(怀疑)butdidnotparticularlywanttoknow.62.Witham(成熟的)andrationalmindset,shewasabletohandlethecomplexprojectwithease,carefullyconsideringallpossibleoptionsandconsequencesbeforetakinganyaction.63.Iwasfarfromc(信服,说服)aboutthis,butfeltwehadtotry.64.Herspeechmissedthemarkandfailedtog(产生)thepublicsupportshehadbeenhopingfor.65.Thisremarkabletechnologyprovidesfargreaterclaritythanc(传统的,常规的)x-rays.66.We'rerequiredtot(解决)thefundamentalcauseoftheproblem.67.Herdisappointingexamresultsaree(完全)duetoherinattentioninclass.68.Asforchemicalfertilizers,cropsgrownwiththemusuallygrowtoofasttoberichinn(营养).69.Iremaino(乐观)thatapeacefulsettlementofthedisputecanbeachieved70.Theprojectisonlyinthei(最初的)phaseasyet,butit'slookingquitepromising.第六部分完成句子(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)thankstogetinvolvedinaboveallfeelathomeforinstanceregardlessofsubscribetoinchargeofconsistofinturnpriortobreakout71.theautomobile,Americanssoonhadafreedomofmovementpreviouslyunknown.72.Eachofuscandevelophisorherown“energysavingprogramme”withalittleself-observation,criticalself-controland,,logicalconsistency.73.Theyengagecollegeundergraduatestoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whoinstructmiddleschoolstudentsonthetopic.74.Carbondioxidecarbonandoxygen.75.Sincethewar,thephonesatdonationcentreshavebeenringingoffthehook.76.Manyrenownedscientistsinthefieldofastrophysics