2024届北京市延庆区高三一模英语试题

延庆区2023-2024学年第二学期统测试卷

高三英语

2024.03

本试卷共11页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无

效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

笔试(共三部分10()分)

第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)

第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑，

Weliveinatown,abouthalfamilefromthebanksoftheAhrRiver.Ithadbeenrainingbucketsthatweekand

therewere]warningsforsomeofthenearbyareas,butnotwhereIwas.

Asaprecaution,Td2sandbagsoutsidemygardendoorandpiledelectronicsandclothingontablesand

thecouchjustincasewatermanagedtoseepthrough.

AsIfellasleep,Iwas3hythesoundofrushingwater.WhenIswungmylegsoffthebed,Twas4

tofeelcoldwateralreadyuptomykneesandrisingfast.Shiveringandindarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneand5

itsflashlight.Waterwascomingfromthegardendoor,andchairs,bookshelvesandpiecesofmydrumsetwere

floatingallovermylivingroom.TheAhrmusthave6burstitsbanksandbreachedthesandbags.Andnow

Ihadtogetout—fast!

Withthewaternowuptomywaist,inbarefeetIstartedtopaddletomyonly7:thedoorleadingto

upstairs.FinallyImadeittothatdoorandtriedtopullitopen,butthewater,spressurewashigh.Imanagedto

makea8ofabout30centimeterswithallmystrengthandeffort,enoughformetosqueeze

through.Rushingdownoutside,I9thatifIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.

Theexperiencemademegratefulanddeterminedtoliveeachdaytoitsfullest.Iwillrememberwhatmy

mothertoldme:"Don'trememberthedaywhenyou10everything.Remenberthedayyousurvived?'

1.A.floodB.earthquakeC.droughtD.sandstorm

2.A.cleanedB.liftedC.recoveredD.placed

3.A.threatenedB.awakenedC.weakenedD.tightened

4.A.excitedB.shockedC.depressedD.exhausted

5.A.showedupB.lookedupC.turnedonD.wenton

6.A.carefullyB.graduallyC.violentlyD.constantly

7.A.escapeB.mindC.problemD.stage

8.A.gapB.depthC.heightD.cut

9.A.pretendedB.promisedC.imaginedD.realised

10..A.lackedB.foundC.lostD.gained

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

ShenzhouXVIIcrewmemberscompletedtheirfirstspacewalkon22ndDecember,2023,completingahostof

tasksoutsidetheTiangongspacestation.It^asthe14thspacewalk11(conduct)byChinese

astronauts.Therearealotofscienceandtechnologyassignmentsforthem12(perform)duringthe

remainingdaysoftheirstayinorbit.Sincetheirarrival,theastronauts13(examine)andmaintained

equipmentandmadepreparationsfortheirspacewalk.

B

Asamothertothreeboys,Fmusedtoreceivingmyfavoritesoapasagiftforeveryoccasion.Itdoesn'trequire

mucheffort,andmysonsknowthatIloveit.OnedaymysonsawamagazineonmydeskwithJaneGoodall14

thecover.Isaid,"She'smyfavoriteperson/ThenextChristmas,Iwasexpectingmysoap15mysons

handedmeanenvelope.Insidewas/acopyofNationalGeographicsignedbyJaneGoodall.I16(move)

totears.Iwillalwayscherishthemagazineandthoughtfulnessofmyboysfindingmetheperfectgift.

C

Whenthe48-year-oldUzbekgymnast,OksanaChusovitina,17(participate)intheAsiadwomen's

gymnasticsqualificationonMonday,thousandsofspectatorschantedforuQiuMa,"18translatesto“Mother

Chusovitina^^.Whenhersonwasdiagnosedwithleukemiain2002,sheadoptedGermancitizenshiptocompeteat

globaleventsforahigherincomeand19(good)medicaltreatment.Aftenherson's20(recover),

Chusovitinacontinuedhergymnasticsjourneyoutofsheerlovefbrthesport.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡_L将该项涂黑。

A

Livingbeyondlimits

GrowingupinthehotLasVegasdesert,allIwantedwastobefree.Iwoulddaydreamabouttravelingthe

world,livinginaplacewhereitsnowed.

Attheageof19,thedayafterIgraduatedfromhighschool,ImovedtoaplacewhereitsnowedandIfoundmy

dreamjob.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Ifeltfree,independentandcompletelyincontrolofmylife.Thalis,until

mylifetookadetour(转折点).IwenthomefromworkearlyonedaywithwhatIthoughtwastheflu,andless

than24hourslaterIwasinthehospitalonlifesupportwithlessthana2%chanceofliving.

OverthecourseoftwoandahalfmonthsIlostthehearinginmyleftearandbothofmylegsbelowtheknee.I

thoughttheworstwasoveruntilweekslaterwhenIsawmynewartificialleasforthefirsttime.Theywereso

painfulthatallIcouldthinkwas,howamIevergoingtotraveltheworldinthesethings?AndhowwasIgoingto

snowboardagain?

ButIknewthatinordertomoveforward,IhadtoletgooftheoldSelfandlearntoembracethenewSelf.And

thatiswhenitdawnedonmethatifIsnowboardedagain,myfeetaren'tgoingtogetcold.

FourmonthslaterIwasbackuponasnowboard,althoughthingsdidn'tgoquiteasexpected:Mykneesandmy

ankleswouldn,tbend.ButIknewthatIwouldbeabletodothisagainifIcouldfindtherightpairoffeet.

Ididayearofresearch,stillcouldn'tfigureoutwhatkindoflegstouse.SoIdecidedtomakeapair

myself.MylegmakerandIputrandompartstogetherandwemadeapairoffeetthatIcouldsnowboardin.Then

in2005Icofbundedanonprofitorganizationforyouthwithphysicaldisabilitiessotheycouldgetinvolvedwith

actionsports.

Elevenyearsago,whenIlostmylegs,Ihadnoideawhattoexpect.Butifyouaskmetoday,ifIwouldever

wanttochangemysituation,Iwouldhavetosayno.Becausemylegshaven'tdisabledme.They'veforcedmeto

relyonmyimaginationandtobelieveinthepossibilities.

21.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawhernewlegsforthefirsttime?

A.Astonished.B.Hopeful.C.Desperate.D.Delighted.

22.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangeherthoughttowardhersituation?

A.Herpositiveattitude.B.Inspirationfromresearch.

C.Herlovefbrsnowboard.D.Helpfromanonprofitorganization.

23.Theauthot'sattemptcooldhelpherandotheryouthswithphysicaldisabilitiesto.

A.travelaroundtheworldB.takepartinactionsports

C.bendtheirkneesandanklesD.recoverfromtheirdisabilities

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

C.Youcan*1judgeabookbyitscover.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart

B

Intern(实习生)：UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)

JobTitle:DigitalBusinessSolutionsIntern

Worklocation:Remote/Beijing

Duration:Sixmonths

TheDigitalBureauSolutionisresponsiblefbrICToperationswithinUNESCO,andreportstotheAssistant

DirectorGeneraltoAdministration(ADG/ADM).TheteamoverseestheimplementationofUNESO'sdigital

strategy,withthedeliveryofmoreintegratedandproperlydesignedprojectandknowledgemanagementinsupport

ofprogrammedelivery;thesupplyofaflexibleITinfrostructure(基础建设)，andbest-in-classservicemanagement

toenableeffectiveprogrammedelivery;andthesupplyofstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.

Jobresponsibilities

NetworkMonitoringandArrangement:Assistinmonitoringnetworkperformanceanddiagnosingconnectivity

issuesusingnetworkmonitoringtools;whilegaininghands-onexperiencewithnetworkdevicearrangement,

includingrouters,switches,andfirewalls;

,CloudPlatformFamiliarity:Gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbysettingupandarrangingcloudresources;

assistinplanningthemigrationofpre-storedapplicationsandworkloadstothecloud:

•ServerandNetworkTroubleshooting:Learntotroubleshootnetworkproblems,suchasslowconnectionsor

connectionlost;

•Documentation:Helpupdateandmaintainnetworkdocumentation,includingnetworkdiagramsanddevice

inventories;,UserSupportandTroubleshooting:Providebasicusersupport,includingpasswordresetsandaccount

creation,andlearnabouthelpdeskticketingsystems;

Requirements

,Youmustbeatleast20yearsoldtoapply.

YouhaverecentlygraduatedwithaMaster'sdegreeorPhD,12monthspriortothestartoftheinternship;You

shouldhaveanexcellentcommand,bothwrittenandspoken,ofEnglishorFrench.Aworkingknowledgeofthe

otherlanguage(EnglishorFrench)isanadvantage;

,Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofcomputersystemsandoffice-relatedsoftware.

ApplicantsneedtoregisteranaccountforUNESCDandentertheapplicationprocessaftercompletingtheir

personalinformationresume.IntheApplicationinformation,ifyouwanttodothisjoboffline,selectdutystation:

China,Beijing.

25.TheDigitalBureauSolutionisto.

A.controltheAssistantDirectorGeneraltoAdministration

B.improvemoreintegratedprojectandknowledgemanagement

C.createaflexibleITinfrastructure,andgoodservicemanagement

D.offerstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.

26.BeinganinterninUNESCO,onewillhelpto.

A.monitornetworkperformanceanddiagnoseconnectivityissues

R.gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbyplanningtheapplications

C.updateandmaintainnetworkdocumentationfornetworkdiagrams

D.providebasicusersupportbylearningabouthelpdeskticketingsystems

27.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?

A.Beingyoungerthan20yearsoldwhenapplying.

B.HavingaMaster'sdegreeorPhDwhileapplying.

C.CommandingEnglishandFrenchexcellently,bothwrittenandspoken.

D.Havingarichknowledgeofcomputersystemsandoffice-relatedsoftware.

C

EVsareinthemiddleofanobesityepidemic

Fisker,anelectricvehicle,unveiledthefutureline-uponAugust3rd.Itincluded:asouped-up,off-roadversion

oftheOcean.ThoughFiskersayssustainabilityisoneofitsfoundingprinciples,itisindulginginatraitalmost

universalamongcarfirms:buildingbigger,strongercars,evenwhentheyareelectric.

Therearetworeasonsforthis.Thefirstisprofit.Aswithconventionalcars,biggerEVsgeneratehigher

margins.Thesecondisconsumerpreference.Fordecades,drivershavebeenoptingforSUVsandpickuptrucks

ratherchansmallercars,andthisnowappliestobattery-chargedones.EVdrivers,whoworryabouttheavailability

ofcharginginfrastructure,wantmorerange,hencebiggerbatteries.Thatmayhelpmakeforamorereassuring

ride.Buieventually(hebupcibizinglicndwillpiovc(ubeuiisublainablcandunsafe.

Fornow,carmakerscanarguethathoweverbigtheelectricrigs,theyhaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.

ThoughmanufacturingEVs—includingsourcingthemetalsandmineralsthatgointothem—generatesmore

greenhousegasesthanaconventionalcar,theyquicklycompensatefbrthatthroughtheabsenceoftailpipeemissions.

Butinthelongrunthetrendfbrbiggerbutteriesmaybackfire,foreconomicandenvironmentalreasons.First,

thebiggerthebattery,themorepressuretherewillbeonthesupplychain.Ifbatterysizesincreasetherearelikelyto

beloomingseareitlesoflithiumandnickel.Thatwillpushupthecostoflithium-ionbatteries,undermining

carmakers'profitability.Second,tochargebiggerbatteriesinacarbon-neutralwayrequiresmorelow-carbon

electricity.Thatmaycreatebottlenecksonthegrid.Third,themorepressureonscarceresourcesvitalforEV

production,theharderitwillbetomakeaffordableelectriccarscriticalforelectrifyingthemassmarket.Thalwill

slowtheoveralldecarbonisationoftransport.Finally,thereissafety.Notonlyisabattletankthatdoeszeroto100

kilometresperhourintheblinkofaneyealiabilityforanyonethathappenstobeinitsway.

GovernmentshavewaystoencourageEVstoshrink.Themostimportantistosupporttheexpansionof

charginginfrastructure,whichwouldreducerangeanxietyandpromotesmallercars.Taxescouldpunishheavier

vehiclesandsubsidiescouldpromotelighterones.

Ultimately,theindustryisalmostsuretorealisethefollyofpursuingsizeforitsownsake.Thepennyisstarting

todrop.Ford'sCEO,JimFarley,recentlysaidcarmakerscouldnotmakemoneywiththelongest-range

batteries.HisoppositenumberatGeneralMotors,MaryBarra,hastakentheunexpectedstepofreversingaplanto

retiretheaffordableChevyBoltEV.InEurope,carmakerslikeVolkswagenarebuildingsmaller,cheaper

EVs.TeslaissaidtobeplanningacompactmodelmadeinMexico.

28.ConsumerswantEVswithmorerangeandbiggerbatteriesbecause.

A.theycanbringmoreprofits

B.theycanreducetailpipeemissions

C.theyaremoresecure

D.thereareinsufficientchargingfacilitiesforthem

29.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.

A.Risingcostofbatterieswillincreaseprofitability

B.ConventionalcarsproducemoregreenhousegasesthanEVsinproduction

C.Biggerbatteriesmaycreatemorepressureon（hesupplychain

D.ThedemandonscarceresourcesinEVsmakeselectriccarsmoreaffordable

30.Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?

A.Lighterelectricvehiclesshouldbeencouraged.

B.Bigger,strongercarsaresaferandmoresustainable.

C.Supersizingelectricvehicleshaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.

D.EVswithbiggerbatteriesmayhelpmakeforamorecomfortableride.

D

Itisrapidlyemergingasoneofthemostimportanttechnological,andincreasinglyideological,dividesofour

times:shouldpowerfulgenerativeartificialintelligencesystemsbeopenorclosed?

Supporterssaytheybroadenaccesstothetechnology,stimulateinnovationandimprovereliabilityby

encouragingoutsidescrutiny.Farcheapertodevelopanddeploy,smalleropenmodelsalsoinjectcompetitionintoa

fielddominatedbybigUScompaniessuchasGoogle.MicrosoftandOpenAIthathaveinvestedbillionsdeveloping

massive,closedandcloselycontrolledgenerativeAlsystems.

ButdetractorsargueopenmodelsriskliftingthelidonaPandora'sboxoftroubles.Badactorscanexploitthem

tospreadpersonaliseddisinformation,whileterroristsmightusethemtomanufacturecyberorbioweapons."The

dangerofopensourceisthatitenablesmorecraziestodocrazythings,“GeoffreyHinton,oneofthepioneersof

modernAI,haswarned.

ThehistoryofOpenAI,whichdevelopedthepopularChatGPTchatbot,isitselfinstructive.Asitsname

suggests,theresearchcompanywasfoundedin2015withacommitmenttodevelop（hetechnologyasopenlyas

possible.Butitlaterabandonedthatapproachforbothcompetitiveandsafetyreasons.OnceOpenAIrealisedthat

itsgenerativeAImodelsweregoingtobe''unbelievablypotenf\itmadelittlesensetoopensourcethem,Ilya

Sutskever,OpenAFschiefscientistsaid.

Supportersofopenmodelshitback,ridiculingtheideathatopengenerativeAImodelsenablepeopletoaccess

informationtheycouldnototherwisefindfromtheinternetoraroguescientist.Theyalsohighlightthecompetitive

self-interestofthebigtechcompaniesinshoutingaboutthedangersofopenmodels,whoseintentionistoestablish

theirownmarketdominancestrongly.

Butthereisanideologicaldimensiontothisdebate,too.YannLeCun,chiefscientistofMeta,haslikenedthe

argumentsforcontrollingthetechnologytomedievalobscurantism（蒙昧主义）:thebeliefthatonlyaself^selecting

priesthoodofexpertsiswiseenoughtohandleknowledge.

Inthefuture,allourinteractionswiththevastdigitalrepositoryofhumanknowledgewillbemediatedthrough

Alsystems.WeshouldnotwantahandfulofSiliconValleycompaniestocontrolthataccess.Justastheinternet

flourishedbyresistingattemptstoencloseit,soAIwillthrivebyremainingopen,LeCunargues.

WendyHall,royalprofessorofcomputerscienceatSouthamptonuniversity,sayswedonotwanttoliveina

worldwhereonlythebigcompaniesrungenerativeAl.Nordowewanttoallowuserstodoanythingtheylikewith

openmodels."Wehavetofindsomecompromise,Mshesuggests.

Weshouldcertainlyresistthetyranny（暴政）ofthebinary（二进制）whenitcomestothinkingaboutAI

models.Bothopenandclosedmodelshavetheirbenefitsandflaws.Asthecapabilitiesofthesemodelsevolve,we

willconstantlyhavetotweaktheweightingsbetweencompetitionandcontrol.

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Accessible.B.Powerful.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Itneedsbillionsofdollarstodevelopanddeployopen-sourcemodels.

B.ThefieldofgenerativeAIsystemsisdominatedbybigcompanies..

C.Onlyself-selectingexpertscanhandleopenmodelswisely.

D.Userscandoanythingtheylikewithopenmodelsatthismoment.

33.RegardingWendyHalEssuggestions,theauthoris.

A.sympatheticB.puzzledC.unconcernedD.opposed

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoKeeptheLidonthePandora'sBoxofOpenAI

B.DividesonOpenAI:technologyandideology

C.WheredoestheDebateonOpenAIEnd

D.ProsandConsofOpenAI

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Doyouwanttobeacognitivesupcragcrwhenyouarcold?Justasyoutakestepstowardsafuture-proofingbody,

youcanenhanceyourbrain'sresiliencetoage-relateddiseasebyboostingcognitivereserve.

AndrewSommerlad,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatry,discoversthepowerofcognitivereserveinstudiesof

olderpeoplewhoshowsignsofAlzheimer's（阿尔兹海默症）intheirbrains.35Actually,threeyearsago,

colleaguesofSommcrladhadalsopublishedfindingsfromStudyofAgeing.Theyshowedthathigherlevelsof

cugnilivcicscivcaicassuciulcdwithluwcilevelsufdcinciilia.

36Thestrongcognitivereserveishelpfultostaveoffsymptomsofbrainchangesassociatednotjustwith

dementiabutwithotherbraindiseases.Italsohelpsyoutofunctionbetterforlongerwhenfacingunexpectedlife

eventsasyougetolder.

Howdoyouimproveit?Theyoungeryouimplementthingsthatwillbolsterit,ihebetter.Forexample,youcan

dotasksthatchallengesyourbrainability,likecrosswords,reading,givingimpromptuspeechandcritical

thinking.37So,domind-bodypracticeslikeyoga,TaiChiormeditationtoreducestressisalsoimportant.

Thiscanhelpyoubalancetheperiodsofmentaldemandandrelaxation.

38ideally,seventoninehoursisoptimalforenhancingcognitivereserve.Startbyimprovingyour

sleephygienewithstepssuchasavoidingelectronicscreens.

Cognitivereserveisdevelopedthroughalifetimeofeducation,curiosityandpersistence.39

A.Itseffectsarewidereaching.

B.Additionally,maintainregularsleeppatterns.

C.Soplanaheadtomakesureyoukeepcognitivelybusyandengaged!

D.Therearewaysyoucanimprovesleep,forbothyoungandoldpeople.

E.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingagoodcognitivereservecanbepowerfullyprotective.

F.However,thinkingtoohardfortoolongmaywearyouout,hurtingcognitivereserve.

G.Theycopebetterwithpathological（病理上的）changes,thehighertheirpowersofcognitivereserve.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节阅读表达（共4小题：第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

Anxietyisnotdeadly,beca