寒假复习专题03+非谓语动词+写作指导2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级

年八上寒假——八上要点复习+非谓语动词语法复习（3）一．考点拓展考点1while的用法Whileshewasfalling,shewasthinkingabouthercat,Dinah.当她往下坠落时，她在想她的猫，黛娜。while和when都可以引导时间状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句既可以指时间点，又可以指时间段，其谓语既可以用延续性动词，也可以用非延续性动词。1．WhileI______________（write）,theteachercamein.2．WhileI________________（watch）TV,myfather______________（read）anewspaperatthesametime.3．你喜欢数学，而我更喜欢英语。__________________________________________________4．昨晚，当我正在写日记时，我的姐姐正在读书。（while）________________________________________________________________________________5．当我回家时，我的妈妈正在做饭。（when）______________________________________________________________1．waswriting 2．waswatching；wasreading3．Youlikemath,whileIpreferEnglish.4．Lastnight,whileIwaswritingadiary,mysisterwasreadingabook.5．MymotherwascookingwhenIreturned/gothome.考点2prepare的用法I'mpreparingareportcalled“Theworld'spopulation”.我正在准备一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告。1．我正准备离开。（preparetodosth.）______________________________2.TomanyChinesepeople,theprocessof____________（prepare）theSpringFestivaldinnertogetherismoreimportantthanthedinneritself.3.Someparents________________（prepare）almosteverythingfortheirchildrensincetheywereborn.1.I'mpreparingtoleave.2.preparing3.haveprepared考点3stop的用法Itwasn'tgoingfast,butitdidn'tstop.它虽然速度不快，但没有停下。1.Myfatherwassurprisedatmyattitude.Atoncehe________（stop）whathewasdoingtotalktome.2.Thegreen-coloredavocado（牛油果）toastforbreakfastbecomesmanyyouths'favorite.Theyjustcan'tstop________（eat）it.1.stopped2.eating考点4fall的用法Alicefolloweditandfelldownaholeintheground.爱丽丝跟在它的后面，掉进一个地洞里。1.—What'sthematterwithyou,Tony?—Ifell______mybikeandhurtmylegs.A．of B．off C．from D．down2.Thefirstyearhadgonesmoothly.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedto______behind.A．walk B．fall C．step D．move1．B2．B考点5too...to...句型的用法Itwastoodarkforhertoseeanything.里面太暗，她什么也看不见。1.Hewastoo________________（disappoint）tofeelanything.2.Nomatterwhereyouare,whatyou'vedone,andhowyoufeelaboutyourself,it'snever____latetostart.1．disappointed2．too一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1．Ifpeopleuselesswaterandplantmoretrees,Ibelievetherewillbeless____________（pollute）.2．After________（hear）this,theemperorimmediately____（set）thefamilyfree.Fromthenon,peoplebegantopastethecharacterFuupsidedownforthepurposeofhopingforluckandhonoringEmpressMa.3．Onthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthin278BC,Quthrew________（he）intotheMiluoRiveranddiedforhishomeland.4．Even______（bad）,studentsofdifferentageswereinthesameclassroom.5．SotheyhadtofindthePsammeadagainandaskedforonelastwish__________（solve）theproblem.1．pollution2．hearing；set3．himself4．worse5．tosolve二、翻译句子。1．尝试想想那些令你开心的时光。（thinkabout）________________________________________________________________2．直至我们死去，我们的大脑才会完全停止思考。（stop）________________________________________________________________________3．幸亏，警察及时赶到了。____________________________________________4．听的时候把重点记录下来。（while）____________________________________________________________________________5．请下了飞机就给我电话。（assoonas）________________________________________________________________6．我们学校五分之四的教师是女教师。________________________________________________________________________________7．如果你在考试中足够认真，你将会成功。（enough）_____________________________________________________________________1．Trytothinkaboutthedaysthatmakeyouhappy.2．Ourbrainswon'tstopthinkingcompletelyuntilwedie.3．Luckily,thepolicecameintime.4．Writedowntheimportantpointswhile（youare）listening.5．Pleasecallmeassoonasyougetofftheplane.6．Fourfifthsoftheteachersinourschoolarewomenteachers.7．Ifyouarecarefulenoughinthetest,you'llsucceed.二．语法考点非谓语动词01考标导向化近几年对非谓语动词的考查主要是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语，动名词作主语、宾语、宾语补足语，及个别分词的用法。预计年中考对非谓语动词的考查，不定式仍是考查的热点。我们应该牢固掌握一些动词固定搭配的用法。02概念清晰化非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。考点一动词不定式1.不定式作宾语(1)一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：wouldlike，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening?你今晚想去看一场电影吗?(2)在find，think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.我发现每天读英语很容易。(3)常见的一些不带to的动词不定式：whynotdo…，hadbetter(not)do…，wouldratherdo，could/would/willyouplease(not)do…Iwouldratherstayathome.我宁愿待在家里。2.不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.露西让他将收音机的音量调低。tell，ask，want，allow，get，wouldlike，encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：MymotherencouragesmetolearnJapanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listento)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(lookat，see，watch，notice)。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.老板让他们工作了一整夜。3.不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。(2)如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如：Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没有什么可担心的。特殊结构的不定式结构例句too…to结构Shewastoosurprisedtoseehowangryherfatherwas.not+不定式Theteachertoldthestudentsnottoplaysoccerontheroad.疑问词+不定式作主语Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.作宾语Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.作表语Thequestioniswheretofindthewater.for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式Itisnecessaryforustolearnfromeachother.of+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式ItisverykindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.1.动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It+be+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+动词不定式。如：TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.→ItisusefultolearnEnglishwell.It’simportantforustoprotecttheenvironment.注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真是太好啦。It’sverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那样做真是太聪明啦。2.不定式常和疑问词what，which，when，where，how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。如：Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.老师正告诉学生要做什么。Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.他不知道去哪里。(wheretogo=whereheshouldgo)考点二动词-ing形式1.英语中一些词后常跟动名词作宾语，初中阶段这类词有：finish(完成),mind(介意),beworth(值得),bebusy(忙于),practice(练习),havefun(玩得高兴),feellike(想要),beusedto(习惯于),consider(考虑),enjoy(喜欢)。2.主语+be+happy(glad,pleased,angry,sorry,careful,ready等)+todosth.如：I’mgladtoseeyouagain.我很高兴再次见到你。I’msorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我感到遗憾。3.几组动词接不定式及动名词辨析：(1)stopdoing/stoptodostopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停止、中断做某事后去做另一件事(2)forgetdoing/forgettodoforgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已做)forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事(事情没做)(3)rememberdoing/remembertodorememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(事情已做)remembertodosth.记着去做某事(事情没做)(4)trydoing/trytodotrydoingsth.尝试着去做某事trytodosth.设法或努力去做某事(5)goondoing/goontodogoondoingsth.继续不停地做同一件事情goontodosth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事(6)allowdoingsth./allowsb.todosth.allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(7)regretdoing/regrettodoregretdoingsth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)(8)meandoing/meantodomeandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算、想做某事一.单项选择。1．—Howaboutgoinghikingthisweekend?—Sorry.Iprefer______ratherthan______.A．tostayathome；goout B．togoout；stayathomeC．stayingathome；goout D．goingout；stayathome2．—CouldyoutellmehowtoimprovespokenEnglish?—Well,justtakeeverychancetopractice______anddon’tbeshy.A．speak B．tospeak C．speaking D．spoke3.Hepretended______mewhenhewalkedby.A．notsee B．nottosee C．don'tsee D．tonotsee4．Listen!Theremustbesomeone______throughthejungle.A．trek B．treking C．trekking D.totrek5．Shewritesslowlysoshehastrouble______notesinclass.A．taken B．taking C．totake D.took6．MyEnglishteacheriseasy______sowealllikeher.A．togetalongwithB.getalongwithC．togetalongD.gettingalongwith7．Peterisbusy________atschool，butheneverforgets________exerciseeveryday．A．working；doing B．working；todoC．atwork；doing8．IsawaUFO________onthesquareinmydream．A．todrop B．land C．wear D．tofly9．Tom’smotheraskedhim________somewashingafterdinner．A．todo B．does C．doD．did10．—Doyoulikeplayingthepiano?—Yes，butIdon’tknow________playitwell．A．what B．how C．whatto D．howto11．Hemadesometoys________hislittleson．A．please B．toplease C．pleasing D．pleased12．Teenagersshouldnot______.A．allowedtodrive B．beallowtodrivingC．bealloweddriving D．beallowedtodrive13．I’mvery______andIreallyneedan______vacation.A．tired,exciting B．tired,excitedC．tiring,exciting D．tiring,excited14．He'sverygoodatEnglish.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______newwords.A．remember B．rememberingC．remembers D．remembered15．—Whenareyouleavingfortheconcert?—I'mnotsure.Ihaven'tfinished______thedishes.A．Do B．todo C．doing D．done16．—Whydidyoubuyaradio?—______English.A．Learn B．Learning C．Tolearn D．Belearning17．ThebestwaytolearnEnglishis______you______inanEnglish-speakingenvironment.A．let;live B．tolet;toliveC．letting;living D．tolet,live18．Theboyisoftenseen______playbasketballafterschool.A．play B．toplay C．toplaying D．played1.A2.C3.B4.C5.B6.A7．B8．B9．A10．D11．B12.D13.A14.B15.C16.C17.D18.B二.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Jennysawawallet______（lie）ontheground.2.Theheavysnowstoppedthemfrom______(go)outforawalkthedaybeforeyesterday.3.Don’tyouhearsomeone______(sing)inthenextroom?4.Thelittlegirlreallyfeelslike_______(eat)eggs.5.Keep______(try).Youaresuretogetagoodresult.6.Lilyfinished______(read)thebookyesterday.7.MrLeemadeus______(laugh)8.—Thechildrenshouldbetold_____(notbreak)thetrafficrules.—That’sright.9.Hefoundithard____(catch)upwithhisclassmates,becauseallhisclassmatesworkedveryhard.10.Thisisthebestway_____(work)outthisproblem.1.lying2.going3.singing4.eating5.trying6.reading7.laugh8.nottobreak9.tocatch10.towork三．阅读拓展一Oneday,Joshandhisfriendstalkedaboutthingsthatbringthemluck.“Ihavearabbit’sfoot,”saidLarry.“Ihavealuckycent,”saidRoger.“Whataboutyou,Josh?”askedRoger.“Mybluesocks.”“Bluesocks!”theboyssaidtogether,“Howcanbluesocksbringyou1?”Joshsaidthatwhenhetookatestinhisbluesocks,hegotagoodgrade.Oncehe2hisbrownsocks,andhedidn’tdowellinhistest.ThenextdayJoshhadamathtest.Hewassad3hecouldn’tfindhisbluesocks.“Mom!”criedJosh“4aremybluesocks?Ihaveatesttoday!”“Don’tbesilly,”Momsaid,“Thosesocksareinthewash.”“Whyareyousoworried?Didyoustudyforyour5?”askedMom.“Yes.”“Thenyouhave6toworryabout.Justdoyourbest.”ItwastimeforJoshtotakehismathtest.Hewasverynervous,buthethoughtto7,“Justdoyourbest!”Joshtookhistimeandansweredallthequestions.Heevenwentbacktocheckhiswork8tobesurehedidhisbest.“Thatwasn’tsobad!”Joshsaidtohimself.Josh’steachertoldhimlaterthathescored95onhistest.“Wow!”shoutedJosh.“Ididn’tevenwearmy9bluesocks.”

Joshcouldn’twaittotellhismomhowgreathedidonhistest.Momsaid,“Whenyoustudyandalwaysdoyourbest,youwillgetagoodgrade.Thesocksdonotmakeyoudowell,onlyyoucanmakeyourselfdowell.Youneedto10yourself.”1．A．luck B．advice C．feel D．taste2．A．took B．left C．made D．wore3．A．because B．so C．but D．or4．A．Which B．What C．How D．Where5．A．socks B．tests C．friends D．cents6．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something7．A．itself B．himself C．herself D．yourself8．A．carefully B．bravely C．quickly D．easily9．A．lost B．dirty C．lucky D．clever10．A．hate B．protect C．trust D．lose【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．D5．B6．C7．B8．A9．C10．C二Travelcanmakeusfeelbetter.Newplacesbringexcitementanditturnsoutthatthereisasciencebehind—“dopamine(多巴胺)andserotonin(血清素)”.Travelexpertsexplain(解释)thatdopamineandserotoninlevelsgoupwhenwetravel.Dopamineisoneofthekeychemicals.Itcanmakeusfeelhappy.Whenwejoininactivitiesthatweenjoy,ourbrainswillrelease(释放)itandit’llgiveusasenseofjoyandsatisfaction.Serotoninisanotherkeychemical.Itisimportanttoourmood,sleep,anddiet.Ourserotoninlevelswilldropwhenwegetlessdaylightinwinter.Inshort,themoredopamineandserotoninwehave,thehappierwewillfeel.Here’showitactuallymakesushappier:VitaminDcanbeboostedAsweknow,vitaminDisnaturallymadebytheskinwhenwe’reinthesun.WhenvitaminDboosts(增强)fromsunlight,itwillhelptheproductionofserotonin,toimproveoursleepquality,andevenreduceourstress(减少压力).Negativeionsare______thingsNegativeions(负离子)aremostfoundinfreshair,especiallynearbodiesofwaterlikeoceansandwaterfalls,andinforests.Theyhavebeenshowntoincrease(升高)serotoninlevels,energylevels,boostimmunesystems(免疫系统),andreducestresslevels.Ifwespenttimeonthebeach,listeningtothesoundofcrashingwavesandfeelingourstresswashaway,thatmightthanktothenegativeions.TravellingmakesyousocialSocialinteraction(社交互动)alsohelpsthereleaseofbothdopamineandserotonin.Ifwetryagrouptour,thenewexperiencesandactivitieswillalsoboostourdopamineandserotoninlevels.ClosetowildlifeThebeautyofnaturecanhaveacalmingeffectonthemindandbody,andspendingtimeinnaturehasbeenshowntoreducestresslevelsandpromoterelaxation.Watchingthewondersofnatureandseeinganimalsintheirnaturalhabitcanboostdopamineandserotoninlevels.Andthephysicalactivitieslikewalkingandhikingalsohaveamood-boostingeffect.1．What’sthepurposeofParagraph2?A．Toasksomequestionsaboutthetopic. B．Toexplaintheimportanceofthetopic.C．Toshowtheresultofdiscussingthetopic. D．Tointroducesomeknowledgeaboutthetopic.2．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeputin________?A．bad B．good C．useless D．expensive3．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrue?A．Acampfirepartyoftenmakesyoufeeldown.B．Walkingonthebeachisagoodwaytoreducestress.C．Themoresunlightyouget,thebettersleepyoumayhave.D．Goingbirdwatchinginforestscanmakeyoufeelrelaxed.4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theproblemswemayhaveduringourtrip.B．Thesciencebehindhowtravelmakesushappier.C．Thetipsonhowtohaveahappiertravelexperience.D．Thestepstoreleasedopamineandserotonininourbody.【答案】1．D2．B3．A4．B三阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thisisastoryaboutwhatafatherdidinanearthquake.An8.2earthquake1(hit)thecityin1989.Inles