英语(全国甲卷B卷)-2023年高考第一模拟考试卷(含听力)

英语（全国甲B卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第一模拟考试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchdidtheman’swifepayforhercoat?A.$240. B.$200. C.$120.2.Whodoesthemanwanttosee?A.Dr.Lester. B.Dr.White. C.Dr.Pepper.3.Whatistheman’sattitudeaboutthesuggestion?A.Hethinksthatisagoodidea. B.Heacceptsitwillingly.C.Heacceptsitunwillingly.4.What’sthewomangoingtodo?A.Goshopping. B.Gotothepostoffice.C.Writetheaddressontheenvelope.5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknow?A.Whyshedoesn’tgowithhim. B.Whenhe’sgoingtoChicago.C.Howlonghe’llbeaway.二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Hudson’smother?A.Shewasill. B.Shewenttoseehersonlastnight.C.Shehasbeenseriouslyillandwasinhospital.7.WhatisMr.Hudson?A.Anexcellentworker. B.Anangryteacher. C.Astrictfather.8.WhatmadeMr.Hudsonsosad?A.Hismother’sillness. B.Hisson’sperformance. C.Hisproblematwork.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atashop. B.Intheroom. C.Inthelibrary.10.Whatkindofbookdoesthemanwanttoborrow?A.Anovel. B.Amagazine. C.Atextbook.11.Whenshouldthebookbereturned?A.OnMay18th. B.OnMay8th. C.OnMay10th.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Customerandmechanic. C.Customerandsaleswoman.13.Whathappenedwhenthemanwasdriving?A.Thecarsuddenlystopped. B.Thecarrandownthehill.C.Thecarsuddenlycaughtfire.14.What’sprobablywrongwiththecar?A.Something’swrongwiththebattery.B.Itrunsoutofpetrol.C.Something’swrongwiththedistributor(配电器).听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whatcolorarethetrousersthewomanwantstobuy?A.Pink. B.Black. C.Brown.16.WhichseasonwillitbewhenthewomanarrivesinEurope?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter.17.Whatwillthewomanbuy?A.Awhitesweater. B.Blacktrousers. C.Acottonjacket.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydoesthespeakersuggestmakingalistofideasinadvance?A.Becauseitcanhelpyouincaseyoudon’tknowwhattosaytoothers.B.Becausemanypartiesaskpeopletodothis.C.Becauseyoucanshowittoothersattheparty.19.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoufeelnervous?A.Keepsilent.B.Lookforthepeoplewhoarealsonervous.C.Takeadeepbreathandtrytoforgetyournervousness.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkaboutentertainers?A.Theyalsofeelshysometimes.B.Theycanovercomeshynesscompletely.C.Theycannotfacethecamerasandthepublic.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATryingtobookaholidaythatwillattracteveryoneinthefamilyissodifficult.CheckoutthefullguidetothebestUKholidayparksbelowanditwillgiveyouahelpinghand.Yorkshire:ThornwickBayHolidayParkActivitiesincludeSegwayrides,footballandanall—weatherActivityBarnthat’ssuretobeahit(成功)withthekids,andtheheatedindoorpoolwithwaterslidesneverfailstobeahiteither.Howmuch?Eachnightbreakstartsfrom￡179.55forthewholefamily,basedonatripinJuly.Dorset:WarmwellHolidayParkFancyatriptotheslopes(斜坡)?Thisaward—winningresortnearWeymouthhasitsowndryskislope,andyou’llfindskiinglessons,snowboardingaswellasanindoorpoolwithaflume(水滑道)andawavemachine.Howmuch?Two-nightbreakstartsfrom￡329basedonatripinJuly.Porthcawl:TreccoBayHolidayParkKidswilllovetheoutdoorwetplayareaatParkdeanResorts’TreccoBayHolidayPark.On-siteattractionsincludeanindoorpoolwiththepirateship,adventuregolfandakids’playarea.Intheeveningtherearediscosandbingo.Howmuch?Threetofournightbreaksstartfrom￡305basedonatripinJuly.Hampshire:SandyBallsHolidayParkOntheedgeoftheNewForest,thisfamily-ownedparkallowsyoutogetclosetonature,withcycletrails,horse-riding,andthenwelcomesyoubackintothewarmthwithapizzarestaurant,indoorplayfacilities(设施),includingapoolplusaspa.Howmuch?Campingtentsusuallystartfrom￡40eachnightinAugust.21．Whichparkmightattractthefamilywhoenjoymusic?A．Porthcawl:TreccoBayHolidayPark.B．Hampshire:SandyBallsHolidayPark.C．Yorkshire:ThornwickBayHolidayPark.D．Dorset:WarmwellHolidayPark.22．HowmuchwillyourfamilyspendatleasttravellingforaweekinJuly?A．￡379.55. B．￡610. C．￡329. D．￡1，151.5.23．Whatactivitymightthefourholidayparkshaveincommon?A．Skiing. B．Playingfootball.C．Horse-riding. D．Swimming.BInAugustof2008,adeadlyepidemicmanifesteditselfinZimbabwe.Aseverehealthhazardtriggeredtheoutbreak.Therewasalackofcleandrinkingwaterintheovercrowdedurbanareas.Garbageandchemicalsgotintothepublicwatersuppliesandpoisonedthem.Sincepeopledidnothaveaccesstoothersources,theyhadtodrinkthedirtywater.Theoutbreakspreadrapidlyandinfectedalmost16,000people.Theillnesscausedextremepaininpeople’sintestines.Italsocausedadeficiencyofimportantfluidsinsickpeople’sbodies.Withouttheproperfluidsandminerals,theirbodiesstoppedworkingcorrectly.Peoplewereunabletodigestfoodproperlyorreplenishtheirlostnutrients.Withoutviabletreatment,theywoulddie.Itwasimperativetoreservethesituation.However,thegovernmentofZimbabwewasunabletoprovidehelptoitspeople.Thegovernmentdidn’thaveaplantostopthespreadofcholera.Inaddition,thecountrywastoopoortogetcleanwaterormedicationforthesick.Thepeopleseemedtobedoomed.Luckily,manyothercountriesrecognizedtheneedtocontaintheoutbreak.DozensofvoluntarypractitionersfromBritain,France,theUnitedStates,andothercountrieswenttoZimbabwetotreatthedisease.Throughtheprovisionofsteriledrinkingwaterandmedication,peoplefinallygotthetreatmenttheybadlyneeded.Thecompassionatedoctorswereabletosavethelivesofthousands.ByJanuaryof2009,theepidemicwasalmostcompletelycontained.Today,theZimbabweangovernmentisinvestinginmeasurestoavoidfutureepidemicsandplacinganemphasisonprevention.Theyarecleaningupthewatersupplyandmakingchangestoreducehealthhazards.Thesystemusedtofilterwaterisbeingupgraded.Thegovernmentnowadministersthewatersupplyplantsandmakessurethattheyadheretostrictsafetyguidelines.Hopefully,futureinstancesofcholerawillbetreatedbeforetheystartdeadlyepidemics.24．WhatcausedthedeadlyepidemicinZimbabwein2008?A．Garbageandchemicalsfilledthecity.B．Therewasalackofcleandrinkingwater.C．Theurbanareaswereovercrowded.D．Someonepoisonedthepublicwatersupplies.25．WhichwasNOTthereasonwhytheepidemicwasalmostcompletelycontained?A．DozensofvoluntarypractitionerswenttoZimbabwetotreatthedisease.B．ThegovernmentofZimbabweprovidedgreathelp.C．Theprovisionofsteriledrinkingwaterandmedication.D．Thecompassionatedoctorsdideffectivetreatmenttothesickpeople.26．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsepidemiccontrolandtreatmentofZimbabweaninthefuture?A．Indifferent. B．Pessimistic.C．Worried. D．Optimistic.27．Whatispurposeofthepassage?A．ToshowthelackofcleanwaterinZimbabwe.B．Tointroducewaystostopthespreadofcholera.C．ToillustratehowcholerainZimbabwewassuccessfullycontained.D．ToappealtomorecountriestohelppeopleinZimbabwe.CPeoplewhogrowupoutsideofcitiesarebetteratfindingtheirwayaroundthanurbanites,alargestudyonnavigationsuggests.Theresults,describedonlineonMarch30inNature,hintthatlearningtohandleenvironmentalcomplexityasachildstrengthensmentalmusclesforspatialskills.Nearly400,000peoplefrom38countriesaroundtheworldplayedavideogamecalledSeaHeroQuest,designedbyscientistsandgamedevelopersasafunwaytocollectdataaboutpeople’sbrains.Playerspilotedaboatinsearchofvarioustargets.Onaverage,peoplewhosaidtheyhadgrownupoutsideofcities,wheretheywouldhaveprobablyencounteredlotsofcomplicatedpaths,werebetteratfindingthetargetsthanpeoplewhowereraisedincities.What’smore,thedifferencebetweencityresidentsandoutsiderswasmostobviousincountrieswherecitiestendtohavesimplelayouts(布局),suchasChicagowithitsstreetslaidoutat90-degreeangles.Thesimplerthecities,thebiggertheadvantageforpeoplefrommoreruralareas,cognitivescientistAntoineCoutrotofCNRSandhiscolleaguesreport.Still,fromthesevideogamedata,scientistscan’tdefinitivelysaythatthechildhoodenvironmentisbehindthedifferencesinnavigation.Butit’spossible.“Asakid,ifyouareexposedtoacomplexenvironment,youlearntofindyourway,andyoudeveloptherightcognitiveprocessestodoso,”Coutrotsays.Otherfactorshavebeenlinkedtonavigationalperformance,includingage,gender,educationandevenasuperiorsenseofsmell.Figuringoutthesedetailswillgivedoctorsamoreprecisebaseline(基准)ofaperson’snavigationalabilities.That,inturn,mighthelprevealwhentheseskillsweaken,astheydoinearlyAlzheimer’sdisease,forinstance.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“urbanites”inParagraph1referto?A．Thosewholiveclosetourbanareas.B．Thosewhoarefromruralareas.C．Thosewhoareraisedincities.D．Thosewholongforurbanlife.29．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A．ByplayingagamecalledSeaHeroQuest.B．Bygatheringdatafromthevideogame.C．Byrecordingelectricalactivitiesinbrains.D．Bycomparingvarioustargetsofthegame.30．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3and4?A．Cityoutsidersperformednobetterthancityresidentsinthestudy.B．Cities’simplelayoutsgavecityresidentsanadvantageinthegame.C．Therewasnosignificantdifferencebetweencityresidentsandoutsiders.D．Theplayers’performancehadsomethingtodowiththeirearlierexperience.31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowenvironmentimpactsearlychildhooddevelopmentB．WhyisearlychildhoodeducationimportantforourfutureC．WhenisthebesttimetoobtainyournavigationalskillsD．WhereyougrewupmayshapeyournavigationalskillsDWoulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatthevastmajorityofadults—around75percent—telluptotwolieseveryday?That’saccordingtoarecentUSstudy.Whatthissuggeststhenisthatyou’veprobablytoldalieortwointhepast24hoursandchancesareyou’vealsobeenliedto.Beforeyoustartprotestingyourinnocenceorconfrontinglovedonesandcolleagues,though,it’sworthnotingthatthebulkoftheseliesfallintothe“hardlyworthmentioning”category.Thinklittlewhiteliessuchasattemptingtosparesomeone’sfeelingsorgentlytwistingthefactstoavoidlookingbad.Peopletellliesforavarietyofreasons,saytheUSresearchers.Justover20percentaretoldinabidtoavoidotherpeople;afurther20percentarejokes;14percentaretoldinself-protection;13percentareattemptstomakeagoodimpression;11percentaretoldtoprotectothers;and9percentareforpersonalgain.Still,lessthan12percentofliescanbecategorizedas“biglies”—andtheseareusuallytheonesthatreallymatter.Anexampleofabiglie,accordingtothestudy’sauthors,wouldbesaying“Iloveyou”withoutbeingsincere.So,arethereanybodylanguagegiveawaysthatcanhelp“out”someonewho’slying?Backin2015,UniversityofMichiganresearchersidentifiedsomecommonbehaviorsamongliars,includingfrowningorgrimacing(扮怪相),lookingdirectlyatthequestionerinabidtoappeartrustworthy,andovercompensatingbygesturingwithbothhands.Amorerecentstudy,fromErasmusUniversityinRotterdam,foundthatliarsmayunconsciouslymimicthebodylanguageofthosearoundthemwhiletheirbrainsareotherwiseengagedintellinglies.It’salsoworthlookingoutforthe“eyedart”:whenweglancetotheleft,we’reattemptingtorecallfactsandevents;whenwelooktotheright,we’rethinkingmorecreatively.Vocalfactorscanofferagoodclue,too.Peoplewhoarebeingdeliberatelydishonest—orwholackcertaintyinwhatthey’resaying—tendtospeakslowerandplacelessemphasisonthemiddleofwords,accordingtoastudyattheSorbonneUniversityinParis.Interestingly,theresearchersalsofoundthatlistenersautomaticallyregisteredthesevoicechangesasasignofdishonesty,evenwhentheyweren’tbeingaskedtodoso.Earlierstudieshavesuggestedthatwemayknowintuitivelywhensomeoneislying.It’simportanttorememberthoughthatnoneofthesepointersofferundeniableevidencethatyou’redealingwithaliar.Afterall,somepeoplejustgrimacemoreorspeakslowerthanothers.32．Whichofthefollowingliesarenotcategorizedas“hardlyworthmentioning”?A．“Iloveyournewhaircut.”B．“Relax.Itmakesnodifferencetome.”C．“Iamsointoyou.”D．“Mytrainwascancelled”insteadof“Ioversleptandmissedmytrain”.33．Howdoesaliar’sbodylanguagegiveawayhimself?A．Helooksdirectlyatthequestionertoshowhistrustinhim.B．Heunintentionallyrepeatsthegesturemadebythepersonhetalksto.C．Hekeepsglancingtotheleftfromtimetotimewhenhetalks.D．Hespeaksslowerandemphasizesthemiddleofthewordsless.34．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Onaverage,allofusareliedtoonceortwiceaday.B．Mostoftheliesaretoldforthebenefitofothers.C．Aliartendstogesturetoomuchwithbothhandswhenhelies.D．Adishonestmanlackscertaintyinwhathe’ssaying.35．Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthoragreewith?A．Weshouldrelyonourintuitionwhenspottingaliar.B．Bodylanguagealonecanserveasasignofdishonesty.C．Thosewhogrimacemorewhilespeakingmustbealiar.D．Thereisnoreliablepointertoidentifyaliar.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Overpopulationisabigproblemineveryregionoftheworldtoday.____36____Earth’spopulationisabout6.5billionpeople.Thisnumberisgrowingeveryday.Despiteimprovementsinbirthcontrol,injust50years,thepopulationwillbealmost9billion.ManypeopleworrythattheEarthwon’thaveenoughresourcestosupportsomanypeople.Onemajorreasonforthisisthatwastingresourcesandpollutinghavebecomehabitualbehaviors.Industrialoutputresultsinpollutingtheairwithdangerousfumes.____37____It’spossiblethattheEarthmaybecomesodamagedthatitcannotsupportalargepopulationofhumans.____38____Eventoday,manypeoplefeedonmerescrapsoffoodandlittlewater.In50years,manyexpertsworrythathugenumbersofpeoplewillstarvetodeath.Peoplearerealizingtheycannolongerjustifytheirwastefulbehaviororputoffactiontofixit.Manycarcompaniesalreadyhavepatents(专利)forveryefficientcars.____39____Aconversiontocleancarsmeansthatpetrolcanbesavedforthefuture.Inaddition,theenvironmentalsectorsofmanygovernmentsaresettingstrictrulesforindustriesthatpollutetoomuch.Ifcompaniesdonotkeepthesestandards,theyarepenalizedwithhighertaxes.Foodisalsoanissuethatisbeingtackled.Manycountriesarenowapprovingofthepointofviewthatimmediateactionisneeded.Theyaredeterminingwaystoexportgoodstopeopleinneed,sothatnoonegoeshungry.____40____Andtheseideaswillhelptosupportthegrowingpopulation.A．Anotherissueisthelackofusefullandforcultivatingcrops.B．Insomecases,theiroperationsmightbesuspendedaltogether.C．Suchcarswastenoresourcesandproducenopollution.D．Expertswillcontinuetocomeupwithideasforthefuture.E．Toomanypeoplearepackedintocitiesandtownsaroundtheglobe.F．Also,carsandmachineswasteimportantnaturalresourceslikeoilandwater.G．So,whatisbeingdonetoprepareforthefuture?第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasanormalmorninginMarch.SondraArtishadjust___41___thelaststudentonherroute.Asheadingtowardstheschool,Sondranoticedaburningsmell.She___42___thebuswindowtoseeifitwasfoggingupfromcondensation（凝结）orifitwas___43___.Whenastudentaskedherwhatwas___44___,shedidherbesttohidehergrowing___45___.Sondrapulledintoaparkinglotandturnedtofacethe20studentson___46___.Sheremindedthemoftheevacuation（疏散）___47___theyonceperformedanddirectedthemtoleavethroughthedoors.“Itoldthekidsthat,‘Youknow,we___48___atthebeginningoftheyear,butthisisgoingtobe___49___,soIneedyoutobecalm,’”saidSondra.Thestudentshurriedtothe____50____assmokebegantofillthebus.Theywere____51____,butSondraremainedcalm.Whentheywereout,shewentbackontothebustomakesureeveryoneleft____52____.Secondsaftertheyall____53____,thebuscaughtfire.Anotherbuscametothe____54____totakethechildrenaway,andSondrawasleft____55____thateverythingworkedoutokay.Thebuscanbe____56____,buthumanlifecannot.Theparentswereincredibly____57____forhergraceunderfire.She'sbeingconsideredasa____58____,andmanyofherstudentswouldliketoseeher____59____forherheroism.“Sondraisaverygoodbusdriver，”saidastudent.“She____60____areward.”41．A．sentaway B．turneddown C．seenoff D．pickedup42．A．repaired B．wiped C．tapped D．opened43．A．steam B．smoke C．fog D．dust44．A．wrong B．lucky C．necessary D．urgent45．A．anger B．curiosity C．embarrassment D．worry46．A．duty B．guard C．board D．vacation47．A．advantages B．drills C．signals D．secrets48．A．met B．separated C．promised D．practiced49．A．early B．amazing C．real D．new50．A．exits B．teacher C．windows D．lifesaver51．A．excited B．tired C．scared D．optimistic52．A．hurriedly B．safely C．firstly D．actively53．A．hid B．landed C．sat D．escaped54．A．scene B．school C．park D．destination55．A．searching B．studying C．thanking D．counting56．A．replaced B．exchanged C．burnt D．controlled57．A．eager B．famous C．grateful D．qualified58．A．student B．leader C．driver D．hero59．A．rewarded B．excused C．apologized D．forgiven60．A．offers B．deserves C．demands D．establishes第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AfterorbitingEarthforsixmonths,thethreecrewmembersofChina’sShenzhouXIIImissiondepartedfromtheTiangongspacestationandreturnedtothemotherplanetonSaturdaymorning,finishingthenation’s____61____(long)mannedspaceflight.MajorGeneralZhaiZhigang,____62____wasthemissioncommander,SeniorColonelWangYapingandYeGuangfu____63____(breathe)freshairforthefirsttimeafterthehalf-yearspacejourneyasthehatchofthecapsulewasopenedat10:03am.Groundcrewapplaudedasthe____64____(astronaut)tookturnstoreportthattheywere

____65____goodphysicalcondition.“Iamfeelingverygood.Wewanttoreporttothemotherlandandthepeoplethatwehave____66____(successful)completedtheShenzhouXIIImission.WewishtothankPresidentXiforhiscareand