2019届高考英语大一轮复习-第1部分-基础知识考点-Unit-2-Growing-pains讲义-牛津译林版必修

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用1．核心词汇 ①________adj.不高兴的，失望的

vt.使不高兴，使失望；打乱，搅乱 ②_____________n．突发事件；紧急情况 ③________vt.值得；应得；应受 ④________vt.处理；应付；操纵；搬动 ⑤________________vt.误解，误会upset

emergencydeserve

handle

misunderstand

⑥____________adj.受惊的；害怕的→___________adj.令人恐惧的→________vt.使惊吓，使惊恐 ⑦________n．耐心→patientn．病人

adj.有耐心的 ⑧distantadj.不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的→________n．距离 ⑨________adj.愤怒的，生气的→________adj.使人恼怒的，使人生气的→annoyvt.使……不悦；惹恼 ⑩________adj.困惑的，不解的→________adj.令人困惑的→confusevt.使迷惑；混淆→__________n．困惑 ⑪balancev．平衡；抵消；权衡

n．平衡；抵消；余额；天平，秤→________adj.均衡的，平衡的frightenedfrighteningfrighten

patience

distance

annoyedannoying

confusedconfusingconfusion

balanced2．常考词汇 ①defendvt.________________________ ②starvevi.________vt.______________ ③sinkn．____________________vi._____________ ④scenen．______________________________________ ⑤bendvi.______________vt.___________ ⑥toleratevt.______________ ⑦cashn．________

⑧clinicn．________

⑨psychologicaladj.________ ⑩adolescencen．________辩解，辩白；防御，保护挨饿;饿死使挨饿水池，水槽，洗碗池下沉，沉没(戏剧的)一场；场面；景色；地点，现场弯腰，屈身(使)弯曲容忍；允许现金诊所心理的青春期用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Sittingonasofainherroom，Welty，aslimfigureinasimplegraydress，lookedpleasedwiththis____________(explain).(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读B)2．Theauthorusesaconversationatthebeginningofthepassagetopresentan__________(argue).(2016·浙江，阅读A)3．Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility，_____________(independent)，confidenceandcompetence.(2016·天津，阅读C)explanation

argument

independence

4．Idon'tseeitasalawlessland.ButratherIseeitasanareaof________(free)．(2016·四川，阅读C)5.__________(guide)andsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.(2016·北京，阅读D)6．WheneverImademistakes，theteacherpointedthemoutwith________(patient)．7．Asuddenstopcanbeavery__________(frighten)experience，especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.(2016·浙江，13)8．Fish­keepingisawidespreadhobbyandthekeepercanobservetheir________(behave)intheglasstankandstudyitsentirelifecycle.freedom

Guidance

patience

frighteningbehavior【联想·积累】❶“能说会道”四姐妹①argue争吵，辩论②quarrel争吵，口角③discuss讨论，商讨④debate辩论，讨论❷巧记英语“词中词”①hand→handle

处理②serve→deserve

值得；应受③tend→attend

参加，出席④ant→distant

遥远的⑤plain→complain

抱怨，发牢骚⑥nation→explanation

解释❸“v.­ed与v.­ing”形容词对对碰①worried担心的，担忧的

worrying令人担心的②terrified害怕的

terrifying令人害怕的③frightened恐惧的

frightening令人恐怖的④excited兴奋的

exciting令人兴奋的⑤surprised吃惊的

surprising令人吃惊的⑥interested感兴趣的

interesting有趣的❹聚焦mis­前缀动词①misunderstand误解②mistake误解③mistrust不信任④mislead误导⑤miscount算错开心词场→核心单词串记

Fredisselfishanddistant.Heoftenmisunderstandsotherpeople'skindness，whichannoysthem.What'smore，hecan'tgiveareasonableexplanation，too.His

behaviorisabnormalandrudesopeoplehavenopatiencewithhim.Theycan'ttoleratehimanymoreandforbidhimtoplaywiththem.Hisparentsareveryworriedabouthimandhopethatsomeonecanguidehimtolearntogetonwellwithothers.Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用1．动词＋(副词)＋介词 ①keepup________跟上；与……保持联系 ②getalong________与……相处；进展 ③do________处理，对付 ④insist________坚持，坚持认为 ⑤go________经历；仔细检查with

with

with

on

through2．动词＋副词 ①stay________不睡觉，熬夜 ②give________放弃 ③turn________原来是；证明是；结果是 ④go________(灯)熄灭 ⑤fit________适应 ⑥mix________混淆，弄乱；搅匀up

up

out

out

in

up3．介词短语 ①out________control失去控制 ②________present现在4．其他 ①be____________to应该……，应当…… ②can't________todosth

迫不及待地做某事 ③behard________对……苛刻/严厉of

atsupposed

wait

on用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1．IwassosorryformyselfthatIwrotetomyparents.ItoldthemIwas___________andcomingbackhome.IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.(2016·浙江，完形)2．Inmynewschool，theteachersarefriendlyandthestudentsareeasy__________________.3．Thebigfire_____________whenthefiremengotthere.4．Expertssayitmayhaveto________howourbrainswork.(2016·北京，七选五)givingup

togetalongwith

hadgoneout

dowith

5．Having____________thelongprocesswithart，rockclimbing，andreadingandwriting，nowI'vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown，hard，butinteresting.(2016·天津，阅读表达)6．Theinspections_________________beasurprise，butkeeperssometimeshadadvancenotice.(2015·湖南，阅读C)7．Wewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyouting，butit__________tobeahugedisappointment.8．Inthosedays，Ihadto________towatchtheWorldCup.gonethrough

weresupposedtoturnedout

stayup【联想·积累】❶“动词＋on”短语集中营①insiston坚持；主张②dependon依靠；取决于③walkon继续往前走④takeon雇用；呈现⑤workon从事⑥concentrateon集中精力于⑦passon(to)传递⑧tryon试穿❷take短语随手包①takedown取下②takeaway拿走③takeout拔掉，拿出④takeapart拆开⑤takeoff脱掉；(飞机)起飞⑥takein收留；欺骗⑦takeback撤销，收回⑧take...forgranted认为……是理所当然的❸go构成的短语知多少①godown下落，下降②goout出去；熄灭③goover复习，检查④goahead前进；做吧(口语)⑤gobackto回到；追溯到⑥goby(时间)过去；从旁边经过Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用原句背诵感悟1．Theroomisinamess，withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.

房间内一团糟，地上堆放着许多比萨饼盒子，水槽内有一些脏盘子。2．Listentome，youngman—weleftyouinchargeofthehome.

听我说，年轻人——我们将这个家委托你负责。3．Danielhashisarmscrossedandlooksupset.

丹尼尔双臂交叉看上去很不高兴。4．Ihateitwhenthathappens!

我不喜欢那事发生。5．Also，everytimeIwatchaDVDhesendsmetobedortellsmetospendmoretimestudying.

还有，每次我看DVD，他就催我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我多花些时间学习。句型公式仿写1．with复合结构

_____________________sofast，wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物价猛涨，我们买不起高档商品。2．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语

Fourdaysofriots__________________，thousandsfacingcriminalcharges.

四天的骚乱造成5人死亡，数千人面临犯罪的指控。Withpricesgoingup

leftfivepeopledead

3．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语

Inmyopinion，you'dbetter_____________________atthemoment.

你最好现在就把相机送去修理。4．hateit＋从句

Ihate________________singingandlaughing.

我不喜欢他上班时又唱又大声笑。5．everytime＋从句

___________________________，shewassohappybecauseshethoughtIwasherdaughter.每次我进她的房间，她是那么高兴，因为她以为我是她的女儿。havethecamerarepaired

itwhenheworksEverytimeIcameintoherroom【联想·积累】❶“have＋宾语＋分词”全覆盖①have＋宾语＋现在分词•使(让)某人(某物)一直做某事Hehadthelightburningallnight.他让灯亮了一整夜。•容忍或允许某人做某事(尤与won't，can't连用)Hewon'thaveboysarrivinglate.他不允许孩子们迟到。②have＋宾语＋过去分词•请(让)某人做某事Wehadthemachinerepaired.我们请人修理了机器。•经历或遭遇某情况Ihadmywatchstolenyesterday.我的表昨天被人偷去了。❷with复合结构快捷键①with＋名词/代词＋形容词②with＋名词/代词＋副词③with＋名/代＋介词短语④with＋名/代＋动词不定式⑤with＋名词/代词＋分词1．deservevi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；值得做…… Afterallthathardwork，youdeserveaholiday.

干了那么多重活儿，你该休假了。A[单

词

点

睛]

高考必备词汇——精讲精练

deservedoing/tobedone应受，值得getwhatyoudeserve罪有应得deserveareward应受奖励

deserveapunishment应受惩罚

【特别提醒】

deserve和need，require等动词一样，后接动名词时用主动表示被动，也可以用动词不定式的被动形式。 单句语法填空/写作句式训练 ①Yoursuggestiondeserves________(consider)． ②Thelittleboyalwaysmadetroublesaroundanddeserved________(beat)． ③Ateacher'sdevotiontoeducation____________ofthewholepublicbecauseitbringsbenefitstothedevelopmentofsociety.

教师对教育的奉献应该受到全社会的尊重，因为它能给社会发展带来很大的好处。 答案①tobeconsidered/considering/consideration

②beating/tobebeaten

③deservesgreatrespect2．forbidvt.(forbade/forbad，forbidden/forbid)禁止；不许；阻止；妨碍；不让(某人)进入(或使用等) HehasevenforbiddenmefrommeetingmyfriendsonlineattheInternetcafé！ 他甚至禁止我去网吧会见我的网友！(1)forbidsbtodosth禁止某人做某事forbiddoingsth禁止做某事(2)forbidsb

sth禁止某人某事forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事(3)It'sforbiddentodosth做某事是禁止的

【联想发散】常见的和forbid一样可接动名词作宾语又可接不定式作宾补的动词有：permit，allow，admit，advise，encourage等。 单句语法填空/同义句改写 ①Iwillforbidyou________(leave)unlessyouapologizeforwhatyouhavedone. ②Theteacherforbids________(talk)loudlyintheclassroom. ③________isforbiddentohuntwildanimalsthatareunderStateprotectionintheforestareas. ④Theheavyrainforbadeustogoout，sowehadtostayathomeaimlessly.(改为独立主格结构) _____________________________ ⑤Wewereforbiddenfromgoingout，sowehadtostayathomeaimlessly.(改为分词作状语) _____________________________

答案①toleave

②talking

③It

④Theheavyrainforbiddingustogoout，wehadtostayathomeaimlessly.

⑤Forbiddenfromgoingout，wehadtostayathomeaimlessly.3．frightenedadj.害怕的；受到惊吓的

Thatlittlegirlwasfrightenedthathermotherwouldn'tcomeback.

那个小女孩害怕妈妈不再回来。(1)befrightenedof...害怕……befrightenedtodo...吓得不敢做……(2)frighteningadj.令人恐惧的，可怕的frightn．恐惧，害怕frightenvt.使惊恐；吓唬

vi.惊恐；害怕；受惊吓frightensb/sthaway/off把某人(物)吓走frightensbinto/outofdoingsth吓得某人做/不做某事

[妙语助记]

Seeingthefrighteningdog，thegirlwasfrightenedandshesaidshenearlydiedoffright.

看到这只令人害怕的狗，小女孩很害怕，她说她都快被吓死了。 单句语法填空/单句改错 ①Marywastoo________totellherfamilythe________scenebecauseit________hertodeath.(frighten) ②Hefrightenedtheoldlady________signingthepaper. ③Hethreatenedtheintruderswithagunandfrightenedthem________. ④They'refrightened________losingpower. ⑤Hetoldusthewholestorystillinafrighteningvoice.

答案①frightened；frightening；frightened

②into

③off/away

④of

⑤frightening→frightened(1)be/getannoyedwithsb对某人生气beannoyedabout/at/with...为……生气beannoyedtosee/hear/discover...因为看到/听到/发现……而懊恼beannoyed(that)...恼怒的是……(2)annoyingadj.令人生气的annoyvt.使恼怒4．annoyedadj.愤怒的；生气的

Hewasannoyedatthewayshetriedtotakeoverthewholemeeting.

她试图操控整个会议，这使他很恼火。 单句语法填空 ①Beingconstantlyexposedtoadvertisementsis________(annoy)，butitcanbepleasantsometimes. ②I'msorry，butImerelysuggestedyoushoulddoitagain.There'snoneedtoget________(annoy)． ③Hewasannoyed________theboyforhisbadbehavior. ④Shewasannoyed________(find)hisdoorunlocked.

答案①annoying

②annoyed

③with/at/about

④tofind5．confusedadj.困惑的；不解的

Afterwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime，Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.(2016·上海，阅读A)

过了好像是一段安全时间之后，我又读这首诗感到迷惑。(1)beconfusedby被……弄混、糊涂beconfusedabout对……糊涂、不解confusingadj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(2)confusevt.使困惑；把……弄糊涂；混淆confuse...with/and...混淆；辨别不清inconfusion处于混乱状态 单句语法填空 ①I'mstillconfused________whathappened. ②Ithinkit'saseriousmistake________(confuse)bookswithlife. ③Don'tconfuseAustria________Australia. ④What________memostwashis________explanation.(confuse)

答案①about

②toconfuse

③with/and ④confused；confusing6．insistvt.&vi.坚持；坚持说；坚决认为

Recently，hehasbeenrefusingtodohishomework，andinsteadinsistsonwastinghistimewatchingDVDsandlisteningtoforeignmusic.

最近，他一直拒绝做家庭作业，相反的是，他硬要把时间浪费在看碟片和听外国音乐上。(1)坚持；坚决要求；一定要•接on或upon短语•接从句[从句谓语动词用“(should)＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气](2)(接从句)坚持说；坚决认为(宾语从句用陈述语气) 单句语法填空/单句改错 ①Themaninsisted________findingataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby. ②Expertsinsistthatsteps________(take)nowtoprepareforthefuture. ③Heinsiststhathe________(do)nothingwrongsofar. ④Sinceherbloodpressureismuchhigherthanitshouldbe，herdoctorinsiststhatshewillnotsmoke. ⑤TheArabinsistedthathehaveneverseenthecamel.

答案①on/upon

②(should)betaken

③hasdone ④will→should

⑤have→had1．arguevi.主张；争论；争辩

vt.(常接从句)说服；主张；认为B常考必会词汇——理解辨认

arguewithsbabout/oversth就……和某人争论arguesbinto/outofdoingsth说服某人做/不做某事(不跟不定式)argueagainst反对arguefor支持 单句语法填空 ①Doyoueverargue________yourfamily________whichTVprogrammetowatch? ②Weallfoundhis_______(argue)convincingandinteresting. ③I'lltrytoarguehiminto________(go)alone. ④Alotofenvironmentalistsargue________astrongcontroloverthepoultryindustryinordertopreventfurtherBirdFlucases.

答案①with；about

②argument

③going

④for2．actvi.&vt.①做事；行动

②演戏；扮演

n．[C]

①行动；行为

②法令；条例

③(戏剧)一幕 写出下列句子中加黑词的含义 ①Thedrugactsonthestomach. ②Thinkbeforeacting. ③Shewasjustactingandwasn'treallysorry. ④Sometimes，asmallkindactwillbeofgreatbenefittoothers. ⑤TheactwaspassedbyCongressandwentintoeffectinAugust,1950. ⑥Weespeciallyenjoyedthethirdactoftheplay. ⑦Thefindingshelpshowhowclimatehasactedasoneofthemanyfactorsthathavechangedpeople'slives.

答案①有影响②行动③演戏，装样④举动

⑤法令⑥(戏剧)一幕⑦充当，起……作用3．patiencen.[U]耐心；容忍；耐性；忍耐(力)losepatiencewith对……失去耐心havenopatiencewith对……没有耐心withpatience耐心地patientadj.有耐心的

n.[C]病人bepatientwith对……有耐心patientlyadv.耐心地 单句语法填空 ①Bepatient________herforshe'sveryyoung. ②Theyansweredallmyquestions________patience. ③________(patient)hasneverbeenoneofmystrengths.

答案①with

②with

③Patience1．keepupwith跟上，不落在后面；保持接触

Ireadthepaperstokeepupwithwhat'shappeningintheoutsideworld.我读报以便跟上外界的形势。[短

语

点

拨]动词＋upwith构成的短语：comeupwith提出，想出endupwith以……结束messupwith因……弄乱mixupwith和……混淆 用上面的短语填空 ①DayafterdayIkept________solutions，butnoneofthemworked.(2016·天津，阅读D) ②Dashan，whohasbeenlearningcrosstalk，theChinesecomedictradition，fordecades，wantsto________it________theWesternstand­uptradition.(2016·江苏，29) ③Ourclass________theideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.(2016·北京，书面表达二) ④Asthequalityofrisk­takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext，humans________asenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.(2016·北京，七选五) ⑤Youareonlyoneperson，andyoudonothavetimetowasteonpeoplewhowouldrathercausedramaor________yourpurpose.(2016·浙江，六选五)

答案①comingupwith

②mixup；with

③cameupwith

④endedupwith

⑤messupwith2．giveup放弃；抛弃；表示对……不抱希望；认输

He'sgivenupdrivingsincehisillness.

他自从生病后就不再开车了。giveaway送掉；分发(奖品等)；放弃(机会等)；泄露(秘密等)；出卖giveback归还；使返回；恢复givein屈服；让步；交上(考卷等)giveout①分发；发出(气味、热等)；发表；公布

②耗尽；精疲力竭givevoiceto表露心声；发表意见 单句语法填空/写作句式训练 ①Marywassilentduringtheearlypartofthediscussionbutfinallyshegavevoice________heropiniononthesubject.(2016·天津，8) ②ItannoysWeltythat，at78，herleftearhasnowgiven________.(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读B) ③Well，ifyoudon'twanttoreadit，giveit________.(2016·四川，完形) ④那个周末我们去了一个附近的社区并把它们分发给了人们。(2016·北京，书面表达二) _____________________________

答案①to

②out

③back ④Thatweekend，wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeople.3．getalong/on(with)过活；生活；相处融洽；进展

Inaddition，everystudentcanbeinharmonywithforeignfriends，whichmakesiteasyforyoutogetalongwiththem.(2014·天津，书面表达)

此外，每个学生与外国朋友要和睦，这使你们容易与他们相处。(1)getalong/on(well/nicely)withsb

与某人相处得(好)getalong/on(well/nicely/smoothly)withsth某事进展得(好/顺利)(2)getabout/around/round(尤指病后)走动；旅行；(消息、谣言等)传开来getacross使通过；被理解；(把……)讲清楚getdownto开始认真对待；开始认真考虑getthrough到达；办完；花光(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；(打电话时)打通；使明白 单句语法填空/单句改错 ①Yourthesiswouldn'tget________ifyouusedtoomanytechnicaltermsinit. ②Didyouhavetoget________anentranceexamination? ③Whenyougetdown________it，itisn'tsodifficult. ④Weshouldgetdowntosolvetheproblems. ⑤Heishonestandeasytogetalong.

答案①across

②through

③to

④solve→solving ⑤along后加with4．goout出去；出远门；(灯火等)熄灭

Thelightgoingout，wewereallleftinthedark.

灯灭了，我们都处于黑暗之中。goahead前进；进行；可以；往下说goback回去；追溯；回忆起goover仔细检查；从头至尾温习；再读一遍goround/around四处走动，参观；绕道走；(病、消息等)流传gothrough经历；仔细检查；浏览；翻阅；做完(工作等)；(提案等)被通过；穿过gowith陪……一起去；伴随；与……相配gowithout没有，缺乏，将就；不言而喻，理所当然 单句语法填空/单句改错 ①Youshouldneverdosuchthingsasgo________thetrafficregulations. ②Hewantstobuyahatthatgoeswell________hissuit. ③Sheissaidtohavegone________untoldhardshipsinherchildhood. ④HehasgonetoBeijingforaweek. ⑤Theywenton