2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题04-形容词和副词(解析版)

【母题再现】题型介绍：恰当地使用形容词和副词，能使我们更精确、更形象的表达我们想表达的意思，因此，形容词和副词的用法显得越来越重要。形容词和副词词义辨析考点，是英语高考命题的热点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：形容词、副词词义辨析、形容词作伴随状语、形容词作定语、副词作评注性状语和形容词、副词的比较等级的用法等。命题形式：本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.语法填空（短文填空）（毁灭在全国卷中）3.短文改错；4.完形填空中。高考选题：题型1：1.【2022·全国大纲卷】34.Henrywasawayfromhomeforquiteabitand_______sawhisfamily.A.frequently B.seldom C.alwaysD.usually2.【2022·安徽卷】27．MygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftmeaboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A.puzzledB.sensitiveC.optimisticD.embarrassed句意选C。题型2：【2022·新课标全国卷Ⅰ】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969，thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It__61__(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit__62__(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof__63__mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalclean­up.Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays__64__evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork__65__(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris__66__(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit__67__isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation，don'tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare__68__(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe__69__(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe__70__(patience).点评：形容词和副词在本题中考查4处之多题型3：【2022·全国新课标I】短文改错（10分）Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedSomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethenforalltheseyearwehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!题型4：【2022·天津卷】完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给A,B,C,D的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Onenight,whenIwaseight,mymothergentlyaskedmeaquestionIwouldneverforget.“Sweetie,mycompanywantsto16mebutneedsmetoworkinBrazil.Thisislikeyourteachertellingthatyou’vedone17andallowingyoutoskipagrade(跳级),butyou’llhaveto18yourfriends.Wouldyousayyestoyourteacher?”Shegavemeahugandaskedmetothinkaboutit.Iwaspuzzled.Thequestionkeptme19fortherestofthenightIhadsaid“yes”butforthefirsttime,Irealizedthe20decisionsadultshadtomake.Foralmostfouryears,mymotherwouldcallusfromBrazileveryday.EveryeveningI’d21waitforthephonetoringandthentellhereverydetailofmyday.Aphonecall,however,couldneverreplaceher22anditwasdifficultnottofeellonelyattimes.Duringmyfourth-gradeChristmasbreak,weflewtoRiotovisither.Lookingatherlarge23apartment,Ibecame24howlonelymymothermusthavebeeninBrazilherself.Itwasthen25Istartedtoappreciatethetoughchoicesshehadtomakeon26familyandwork.27difficultdecisions,sheusedtotellme,youwouldn’tknowwhetheryoumaketherightchoice,butyoucouldalwaysmakethebestoutofthesituation,withpassionanda28attitude.Backhome,I29myselfthatwhatmymothercoulddo,Icould,too.Ifshe30toliveinRioallbyherself,I,too,couldlearntobe31.Ilearnhowtotakecareofmyselfandsethighbutachievable32.Mymotherisnowbackwithus.ButIwillneverforgetwhatthe33hasreallytaughtme.Sacrifices34intheend.Theseparationbetweenushasprovedtobe35【小题1】A.attractB.promoteC.surpriseD.praise【小题2】A.littleB.muchC.wellD.wrong【小题3】A.leaveB.refuseC.contactD.forgive【小题4】A.explainingB.sleepingC.wonderingD.regretting【小题5】A.poorB.timelyC.finalD.tough【小题6】A.eagerlyB.politelyC.nervouslyD.curiously【小题7】A.patienceB.presenceC.intelligenceD.Influence【小题8】A.ComfortableB.ExpensiveC.EmptyD.Modern【小题9】A.InterestedinB.awareofC.doubtfulD.satisfiedwith【小题10】A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that【小题11】A.abandoningB.balancingC.comparingD.mixing【小题12】A.DependingonB.suppliedwithC.FacedwithD.Insistingon【小题13】A.differentB.friendlyC.positiveD.general【小题14】A.criticizedB.informedC.warnedD.reminded【小题15】A.managedB.offeredC.attemptedD.expected【小题16】A.gratefulB.energeticC.independentD.practical【小题17】A.examplesB.limitsC.rulesD.goals【小题18】A.questionB.experienceC.historyD.occasion【小题19】A.payoffB.comebackC.runoutD.turnup【小题20】A.blessingB.gatheringC.failureD.pleasure点评：完形填空中的第2、5、6、8、13、16共6小题涉及形容词和副词的辨析。解题技巧：形容词与副词是高考考查的热点,高考英语中单项填空、完形填空、书面表达，任何一项题目中都有可能涉及到形容词等级、辨析和在句中的位置。关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面：在具体的语境中考查不同形容词意义的区分；考查形容词做状语；考查比较级的用法尤其是隐性比较；考查一些习语搭配；与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区分；多个形容词作定语时的排列挨次等。解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：1.形容词，副词的主要功能：形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和补语，但有时也作状语，表示伴随缘由等。副词作状语主要是用作修饰性状语、评注性状语及连接性状语。其中后两种状语是现在考查的重点。2．多个形容词修饰同一个名词的挨次：多个形容词作定语排列的挨次。3.形容词和副词比较等级的基本句型句型（1）as+adj./adv.原级+as

/notas/so+adj./adv.原级+as留意：当as…as中间出名词时接受以下格式。句型（2）adj./adv.比较级+than

/less+adj./adv.原级+than留意：比较级后面跟出名词时，有时需要加适当的冠词。句型（3）the+最高级+of/among+同类名词/in+范围、地点等名词/定语从句(…haveever…)留意：①当没有比较的范围时，most表示格外,相当于very，此时没有比较概念。②"否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+so…as"结构表示最高级含义。句型（4）the+比较级，the+比较级。表示“越…越…”

句型（5）表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”的结构表示。句型（6）不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的转变时，用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构，意思是“越来越……”。4.比较等级的修饰语①强调一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even、alot、abit、alittle、still、much、far、yet、byfar等修饰。留意：byfar通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。②最高级可被序数词以及much、byfar、nearly、almost、bynomeans、notquite、notreally、nothinglike等词语所修饰。③原级可被very,too,so,enough,rather,quite,fairly等等修饰。5.倍数的表达的常用句型英语中表达倍数常用下列句型:句型（1）Aisthree/four...timesthesize/height/length/width...ofB.如：句型（2）Aisthree/four...timesasbig/high/long/wide...asB.如：句型（3）Aisthree/four...timesbigger/higher/longer/wider...thanB.如6.考查特殊结构和固定搭配问题形容词、副词部分有很多特殊结构和表达方式，归纳与考点有亲热联系的部分如下：特殊结构(1):too…to句型的两个意义：表示否定意义，意为“太…而不能”。表示确定意义，意为“格外，很，极”。当too后面接easy,ready,eager,inclined,willing,thankful,delighted等形容词时，too表示“很，格外”之意，与very表达“很”的意思相同。当too前有all,but,only等词时,形成onlytoo/but/alltoo…todo结构，照旧表达“格外，很，极”之意。特殊结构(2):AistoBwhatCistoD.“A之于B就如C之于D。”特殊结构(3):than的习惯短语morethan“超过，多于；格外，格外；不仅仅”more...than“与其┉不如”ratherthan“而非，不”“宁愿┉也不”（would/hadrather....than）otherthan常译为“除…之外”“不同于”；在否定结构中，形成no/not/nothing/otherthan的结构搭配。常译为“正是、恰好是”，“除了…别无”。【考点揭秘】高频考点一：形容词词义辨析【浙江省宁波市2022届高三其次次模拟】MissWhitewasa______customerhereuntilthesupermarketnextdooropenedacoupleofweeksago.A.common B.typical C.normal D.regular高频考点二：副词词义辨析【浙江省宁波市2022届高三其次次模拟】Thereisstillmuchtodiscuss.Weshall,______,returntothisissueatournextmeeting.A.however B.otherwise C.therefore D.instead高频考点三：考查形容词修饰名词的排列挨次【浙江省余姚中学2022届高三上学期第一次质检】Itissaidthatthe_______buildingwasdesignedbyafamousFrencharchitect,whohashundredsofexcellentworksthroughouttheworld.A.redstonebeautifulB.stonebeautifulredC.beautifulredstoneD.beautifulstonered高频考点四：考查比较级的特殊句型.【浙江省余姚中学2022届高三上学期第一次质检】Thiselectricbicycleis________thatone;I’dliketobuyneitherofthem.A.nolighterthanB.notaslightasC.aslighterasD.notlighterthan高频考点五：考查不定+比较级=最高级的用法【浙江省江山试验中学2022届高三上学期第一次阶段性测试试题】—Areyousatisfiedwithwhatshehasdone?—Notalittle.Itcan’tbe______.anyworseB.anybetterC.sowellD.sobad高频考点六：考查修饰形容词、副词比较级的词【浙江省瑞安中学2022届高三上学期期中考试】Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsis_____________morecomplicated.A.very B.far C.fairly D.quite高频考点七：倍数句型的表达【浙江省六校（省一级重点校）2022届高三三月联考】Rightnowyoucanpay______youhadtoseveralyearsagoforacoolcomputer.A.onethirdasmuchasB.asonethirdmuchasC.asmuchasonethirdD.asmuchonethirdas【直击高考】形容词和副词1.【2022·全国大纲卷】27.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohave_______possibleeducation.A.good B.betterC.bestD.thebest2.【2022·浙江卷】12.

Facinguptoyourproblems____runningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.alongwith

D.orrather3.【2022·全国大纲卷】35.—Whatdidyoudolastweekend?—Oh，nothing________.A.much B.else C.everD.yet4.【2022·江西卷】23Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefoundit___.A.nowhereB.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead5.【2022·福建卷】24.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasa(n)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.A.temporaryB.complexC.accurateD.efficient6.【2022·湖北卷】Whatwasso_____aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed.A.awful B.essential C.impressive D.obvious7.【2022·湖北卷】Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima ______smileandlethimgo.A.cautious B.grateful C.tolerant D.wild8.【2022·湖北卷】HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid___ ，“Don’tbesomean，’’pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfully B.guiltily C.indirectly D.sharply【答案】D9.【2022·江苏卷】28.Theidea“happiness,”________,willnotsitstillforeasydefinition.A.toberigid B.tobesure C.tobeperfect D.tobefair10.【2022·江苏卷】32.Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbe________occupied.A.also B.just C.nevertheless D.otherwise11.【2022·浙江卷】13.

Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers______.

A.blindly

B.unwillingly

C.closely

D.carefully12.【2022·安徽卷】31．Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardhardlyworking.A.lessthanB.ratherthanC.aswellasD.asmuchas13.【2022·安徽卷】33．It'sourhopethatwewillplayagreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,,supplymorejobs.A.howeverB.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise14.【2022·浙江卷】4.

Joeisproudand______,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.

A.strict

B.sympathetic

C.stubborn

D.sensitive【课后反馈】夯实基础：1.【山东省淄博第五中学2022届高三10月份第一次质检】.Be_______—youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.A.reasonable B.confident C.creative D.grateful【答案】A2.【山东省淄博第五中学2022届高三10月份第一次质检】．WhenIwaslivinginLondon,therewasachurchwhichwaseasily________frommyhome. A．accessible B．convenient C．available D．possible3.【山东省淄博第五中学2022届高三10月份第一次质检】AtfirstIinsistedtogowithRoseandPeter,butwhenIrealizedtheywantedtobealonetogethersoIfeltvery_______anduncomfortable.A.amazed B.curious C.amused D.awkward.4.【山东省师大附中2022届高三第三次模拟考试】Johnhadplannedtomakeacompromise，buthechangedhismindatthelastminute.A.anyhow B.otherwise C.therefore D.somehow5.【山东师大附中2021届12月检测】Manynewspapersclaimtobepoliticallyneutral,butfew________are.A.seriouslyB.actuallyC.immediatelyD.anxiously力气拓展：6．【山东师大附中2021届12月检测】Doyouthinkshoppingonlinewill________taketheplaceofshoppinginstores?A.especiallyB.frequentlyC.merelyD.finally7．【山东省枣庄市2022届高三上学期期中检测】Dividethecakeintoquartersandshareit______.A.equallyB.usuallyC.directlyD.regularly8.【山东省郯城一中2022届高三12月月考】—Haveyoufinishedyourexperimentsreport,Jane?—Oh,mygod.I’ve________forgottenallaboutthat!A.frequentlyB.extremelyC.entirelyD.willingly【答案】C9．【山东省德州市重点中学2022届高三上学期期中考试】I'minterestedinaone-bedroom．Doyouhaveany_____? A.convenient B.possible C.availableD.personal10.【山东省烟台二中2022届高三10月月考】一Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?一Notatall.Ican'thave_______.A.aworseoneB.abetteroneC.theworstoneD.thebestone自我提升：11．【山东省济宁市曲阜师大附中2022届高三上学期期中考试】.Fathersaidhewouldcometomygraduationceremony,hedidn't,_______.A.thoughB.personallyC.indeedD.anyway12．【山东师大附中2021届12月检测】MsAliceisconsidereda________ladybyus,forsheoftenhelpsthepoorshemetwith.A.selfishB.hopefulC.meanD.generous13．【2022届甘肃天水一中一诊】文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线﹨划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.DearSir，ThankyouforyouofferofinvitemetothesummerEnglishcourseinyourschool.Asforyourchoicebetweenthetwocourses,Ipreferthefour-weekcoursefor60hoursofstudy.Becauseofthiswouldallowmemoretimestodosometravellingandmakeafewnewfriendseither.OfallthesubjectsI’mlearningatschool,IlikeEnglishbest.IhadbeenlearningEnglishfor6yearsbutmyspokenEnglishremainspoorly.SoIhopetotakethischancetoimproveit.Ifispossible,I’dliketostaywithafamilyforacoupleofdaysinorderIcanknowsomecustomsinEngland.IbelieveIwillhavewonderfultimethissummer.Yourstruly,LiHua14．【2022届甘肃张掖市五诊】Rachel:Wewillgoonanoutingnextweekend.Wouldyouliketogowithus?Michael:Iwillbefreethen.41areyougoing?Rachel:Ithinkwe'llgototheWesternHill.Yousee,it'sspringnow.Therearewildflowerseverywhere.Michael:Goodidea.That'sa___42___(love)place.Wecanalsoenjoyfreshairhere.Thereisabeautifulriver.AndIheartherearealotoffishinit.Itwillbeaniceplacefor_____43____(fish).Rachel:Soyoucangofishing___44_____yougetthere.Michael:Wonderfulidea!Rachel:Bytheway,____45___doyouthinkweshouldgothere?Michael:Ithinkwe'd__46_____(good)gotherebybikesothatwecanrelaxbetter.Youknowweare____47____(stress)allthetime.Whenshallwestartoff?Rachel:48(person),IthinkweshouldsetoutathalfpastsevenonSaturdaymorningiftheweatherisfine.Michael:I'lltell____49_____wholeclassaboutitthisafternoonsothatmoreclassmateswilljoin_____50____.Rachel:Goodidea.Ithinkmanymorestudentswouldlovetogo.Michael:Ithinkso.15．【2022届甘肃张掖市五诊】YearsagoIhadtheopportunitytomeetagirlwhostrengthenedmyunderstandingofthepowerofbelief.Shewas21themostpowerfulindividualIhadevermet.ImetChrisforthefirsttimewhiletakingtheDaleCarnegie22inCaliforniaOurclasshadalreadybeengoingforquitesometimewhen23，supportedbymetalcrutches(拐杖),24herselfin.Chrishadcerebralpalsy(脑瘫).Shehadmuch25incommunicatingwithothers.Thiswasnotdueto26ofdesire,butbecausemostofhertwenty­oneyearsoflifeshehadbeenkeptinaroomwithnomorethanElvisrecordsandtapesto27her.Noonehadtakenthetimetoassistherindevelopingtheabilityto28.ItwasBonnie,herpresentcaretaker,who29Whenaskedbytheinstructorwhathergoal30thetwelve­weekcoursewas,Chrisstruggledtorespondandbecamefrustratedand31intheprocess.Formostofher32，nobodywouldlistentoher.Theonlywaysheknewtogetsomeoneto33wasthroughtemperoutbursts(发脾气).WithBonnieasherinterpreter,Chrisconveyedthather34Onthetwelfthweek,Chrisstoodinfrontofth