2021年高考英语考点总动员系列-专题05-动词和动词短语(解析版)

【母题再现】题型介绍：动词短语和动词词义辨析考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析。命题形式：本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.单选填空（毁灭在自主命题区）；2.完形填空。高考选题：题型1：【2022·天津卷】9.Myparentsalways_______greatimportancetomygettingagoodeducation.A.haveB.attachC.acceptD.pay题型2：【2022·江西卷】27.Anyway,we’reherenow,solet’s___someseriouswork.A.comeupwithB.getdowntoC.doawaywithD.liveupto题型3：【2022·山东卷】完形填空CharlotteWhiteheadwasborninEnglandin1843,andmovedtoMontreal,Canadaattheagefivewithherfamily.While21herilleldersisterthroughouttheyears,Charlottediscoveredshehada(an)22inmedicine.At18shemarriedand23afamily.Severalyearslater,Charlottesaidshewantedtobea24.Herhusbandsupportedherdecision.25,Canadianmedicalschoolsdidnot26womenstudentsatthetime.Therefore,CharlottewenttotheUnitedStatestostudy27attheWomen’sMedicalCollegeinPhiladelphia.Ittookherfiveyearsto28hermedicaldegree.

Upongraduation,Charlotte29toMontrealandsetupaprivate30.Threeyearslater,shemovedtoWinnipeg,Manitoba,andthereshewasonceagaina31doctor.Manyofherpatientswerefromthenearbytimberandrailwaycamps.Charlotte32herselfoperatingondamagedlimbsandsetting33bones,inadditiontodeliveringallthebabiesinthearea.ButCharlottehadbeenpracticingwithoutalicense.Shehad34adoctor’slicenseinbothMontrealandWinnipeg,butwas35.TheManitobaCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,anall-maleboard,wantedherto36herstudiesataCanadianmedicalcollege!Charlotterefusedto37herpatientstospendtimestudyingwhatshealreadyknew.Soin1887,sheappearedtotheManitobaLegislatureto38alicensetoherbutthey,too,refused.Charlotte39topracticewithoutalicenseuntil1912.Shediedfouryearslaterattheageof73.In1993,77yearsafterher40,amedicallicensewasissuedtoCharlotte.ThisdecisionwasmadebytheManitobaLegislaturetohonor“thiscourageousandpioneeringwoman.”【小题1】21.A.raising B.teaching C.nursing D.missing【小题2】22.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice【小题3】23.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started【小题4】24.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist【小题5】25.A.Besides B.Unfortunately C.Otherwise D.Eventually【小题6】26.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept【小题7】27.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law【小题8】28.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn【小题9】29.A.returned B.escaped C.spread D.wandered【小题10】30.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab【小题11】31.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky【小题12】32.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined【小题13】33.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak【小题14】34.A.putaway B.takenover C.turnedin D.appliedfor【小题15】35.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired【小题16】36.A.display B.change C.preview D.complete【小题17】37.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure【小题18】38.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show【小题19】39.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed【小题20】40.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation点评：本题有11出考查动词及动词短语的辨析。解题技巧：动词短语和动词词义辨析是高考的必考点。在高考试题中常以1.单项填空；2.完形填空。解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：动词及其词组的机敏运用是英语的特色之一，也是同学学习中的难点，因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用。其考点主包括:1、考查动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析，近义词辨析，词形相近词辨析，用法相近词辨析。2、考查动词短语词义辨析。主要包括同根动词短语的辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词+副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，毁灭频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外,更留意动词短语的新义和引申意，如:polish抛光，磨光（本意）→修正，文饰（引申）；sniff嗅，闻（本意）→鄙视地说，嗤之以鼻（引申）；stir移动，搅拌（本意）→煽动（引申）；breakdown发生故障，失灵，失效（本意）→坍塌；崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止（引申），同时还有“恸哭”之意；lookinto向里面看（本意）→调查；争辩（引申），同时还有“扫瞄”之意；再如：workout的基本词义为“解决；算出；制定出”，较生词义为“熬炼”。3、考查系动词、半系动词用法。动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有：appear,become,feel,look,sound,seem,taste,prove,remain,stay,smell,grow,turn,go,come,fall,stand,lie,exist等。此外，一些无被动语态形式的“共性”动词也是学习的重点，如belongto（属于）,witness（见证，目击）等。2021年高考命题照旧会坚持结合语境考查考生对动词短语意义的理解和运用力气，尤其是动词短语的新义、动词的一词多义等【考点揭秘】高频考点一：考查动词词义辨析【2022届广西桂林十八校其次次月考】—Howmuchdoesthisstoreoften_______forsuchlargeeggs?—Only$65UScentsadozen.Itwasarealbargain.A.demandB.costC.payD.charge高频考点二：考查动词短语辨析【2022届广西桂林十八中第六次月考】Withthecollegeentranceexaminationapproaching，studentsshould________tostayenergetic.A．workoutB．pulloutC．giveoutD．figureout【直击高考】动词和动词短语1.【2022·全国大纲卷】31.Carolinedoesn’thaveagiftformusic，butshe______itwithhardwork.A.goesbackon B.takesawayfrom C.makesupforD.catchesupwith2.【2022·天津卷】13.Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeetto_______somebarrierstotradebetweenthem.A.makeupB.useupC.turndownD.breakdown3.【2022·浙江卷】19.

Howcouldyou______suchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths.

A.turnoff

B.turnin

C.turndown

D.turnto4.【2022·浙江卷】9.

Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecan_____whentheunexpectedwillhappen.

A.prove

B.imply

C.demand

D.predict5.【2022·江西卷】29.Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucanproveit,youmaybeableto__-me.A.convinceB.informC.guaranteeD.refuse6.【2022·福建卷】25.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeintermsofoverallquality.A.supportedB.matchedC.evaluatedD.controlled7.【2022·福建卷】33.Asagrassrootssinger,shereadseverythingshecanconcerningmusic,andtakeseveryopportunitytoimproveherself.A.catchsightofB.getholdofC.takechargeofD.makementionof8.【2022·湖北卷】Seeingthebigcrowdcomingtowardshim,hestartedtorundownthehill，but____ andwentdownonhishandsandkneesinthemeltingsnow.A.slipped B.skied C.signalled D.sank9.【2022·湖北卷】Theoldruleshavetobe _____becausetheyonlyappliedtothecircumstancesthatexistedwhentheyweremadeahundredyearsago.A.developed B.established C.observed D.revised10.【2022·湖北卷】I’vebeentryingtophoneCharlesallevening,buttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththenetwork;Ican’tseemto_____.A.getthrough B.getoff C.getin D.getalong11.【2022·湖北卷】Isthisyournecklace,Mary?I____ itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.A.cameacrossB.dealtwith C.lookedafterD.wentfor12.【2022·江苏卷】25.Topgraduatesfromuniversitiesare________bymajorcompanies.A.chased B.registered C.offered D.compensated13.【2022·江苏卷】30.—Dad,Idon’tthinkOlivertherightsortofpersonforthejob.—Isee.I’llgorightawayand________.A.payhimback B.payhimoff C.puthimaway D.puthimoff14.【2022·江苏卷】33.LegendhasitthattheoriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalisto________thesoulofQuYuan.A.remember B.remind C.recover D.recall15.【2022·陕西卷】18.RalphW.Emersonwouldalways______newideasthatoccurredtohim.A.setoff B.setabout C.setup D.setdown16.【2022·安徽卷】26．Terry,pleaseyourcellphonewhenGrandmaistalkingtoyou.A.lookupfromB.lookintoC.lookbackonD.lookthrough17.【2022·安徽卷】28．Whenthesportsheroatourparty,hewaswelcomedwithopenarms.A.turnedupB.leftoffC.movedonD.gotaway18.【2022·安徽卷】34．Shakespeare'swritingisstillpopulartoday.Ithasreallythetestoftime.A.failedB.stoodC.takenD.conducted19.【2022·浙江卷】7.

Lastweekatennisballhitmeonthehead,butItriedto_______thepain,believingthatitwouldgo

awaysoonerorlater.

A.share

B.realize

C.ignore

D.cause【课后反馈】夯实基础：1．【2022届广西贵港市5月模拟冲刺】Muchoftheworkto_______things_______hashappenedinthebrowser,whichpeopleusetoloadaspecificwebsitequickly.A.bring;outB.turn;downC.speed;upD.take;off2．【2022届广西桂林中学2月考】Youcan’texpectababyto________yourexistingroutine. A.fitinwithB.fiton C.fitupwithD.fitin3．【2022届广西南宁市马山中学12月考】Sincethe1980s,thescientistshavedevotedthemselvestotheresearch_______findinganewcureforthedisease.A.settingfootinB.endedupwith C.startingwith D.aimedat4．【2022届广西桂林十八中第三次月考】Believeitornot,one’spersonalitycanbe_______byone’shandwriting.A.resembledB.strengthenedC.reflectedD.shaped5．【2022届浙江省金华十校4月模拟】15．Asaleadingproducerofgreenhousegases,ChinatheUnitedStatesasthelargestconsumersofenergy．A．describes B．joins C．controls D．influences力气拓展：6．【2022届浙江省五校其次次联考】19.—Ihadthecomputersrepairedyesterday. —Howmuchdidthey_________forthat? A.cost B.spend C.take D.charge7．【2022届浙江省五校其次次联考】13.Ahorriblethought_________himwhenhewaswaitingforTomintheairport:whatiftheplanefromMalaysiahadbeenhijacked（劫持）?A.attacked B.struck C.beat D.occurred 8．【2022届江苏南京市、盐城市二模】31.Iwasonceashamedtoadmitmyweakness,butnowIhavenosuchfeelingandI________myselfmuchdiscomfort.A.bringB.offerC.saveD.promise9．【2022届广西南宁市马山中学12月考】Ithasbeenrainingeverydaysofar.Ihopetomorrowwill______fine.A.turnout B.turnover C.turnup D.turninto10．【2022届广西柳州铁路一中9月考】Amazing!Toomanyprivatecarsaretrappedonthehighwayswhichisfreeofchargeforthefirsttime,causingheavytrafficjams,someeven_______forseveralhours.A.heldup B.brokenupC.takenup D.givenup自我提升：11．【2022届广西桂林十八校其次次月考】Youwillbesurprisedhowquicklyyou_____themoney,soitisworthwhiletomakeaplaninadvance.A.putawayB.getthroughC.runoutD.endup12．【2022届广西桂林十八校第一次月考】25.AfterseveralroundsoftheVoiceofChinaCompetition,JiKeJunYi_______becauseofherexcellentvoiceandperformance.A.putout B.pickedout C.brokeout D.stoodout13．【2022届江西省新余一中高三第十一次模拟考试试题】Trynottocoughmorethanyoucan_____sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A．helpB．allowC．stopD．check14．【2022届九江市高三其次次模拟统一考试试题】Assoonasthegatewasopened,thepeoplearoundcrowdedintothesupermarketandIgot_____frommyfriend. A.divided B.separated C.lost D.missed15．【2022届江西省南昌其次中学高三第一次月考英语试题】Intheclinic,IaskedifMichaelcouldberetested,sothespecialisttestedhimagain.Tomy_36_,itwasthesamescore.Laterthatevening,I_37_toldFrankwhatIhadlearnedthatday.Aftertalkingitover,weagreethatweknewour_38_muchbetterthananIQtest.We_39_thatMichael’sscoremusthavebeena_40_andweshouldtreathim_41_asusual.WemovedtoIndianain1962,andMichaelstudiedatConcordiaHighSchoolinthesameyear.Hegot_42_gradesintheschool,especially_43_biologyandchemistry,whichwasagreatcomfort.Michael_44_IndianaUniversityin1965asapre-medicalstudent,soonafterwards,histeacherspermittedhimtotakemorecoursesthan_45_.In1968,hewasacceptedbytheSchoolofMedicine,YaleUniversity.Ongraduationdayin1972,FrankandI_46_theceremonyatYale.Aftertheceremony,wetoldMichaelaboutthe_47_IQscorehegotwhenhewassix.Sincethatday,Michaelsometimeswouldlookatusandsay_48_,“MydearmomanddadnevertoldmethatIcouldn’tbeadoctor,notuntilafterIgraduatedfrommedicalschool!”Itishisspecialwayofthankingusforthe_49_wehadinhim.Interestingly,Michaelthen_50_anotherIQtest.Wewenttothesameclinicwherehehad_51_thetesteighteenyearsbefore.ThistimeMichaelscored126,anincreaseof36p