2021承德市高考英语信息匹配类、阅读类五月选练及答案5

阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。Sheiswidelyseenasproofthatgoodlookscanlastforever.But，atnearly500yearsofage，timeiscatchingupwiththeMonaLisa.Thehealthofthefamouspicture，paintedbyLeonardodaVinciin1505，isgettingworsebytheyear，accordingtotheLouvreMuseumwhereitishoused.“Thethin，woodenpanelonwhichtheMonaLisaispaintedinoilhaschangedshapesinceexpertscheckedittwoyearsago.”themuseumsaid.Visitorshavenoticedchanges，butrepairingtheworld'smostfamouspaintingisnoteasy.ExpertsarenotsureaboutthematerialstheItalianartistusedandtheircurrent(现在的)chemicalstate.Nearly6millionpeoplegotoseetheMonaLisaeveryyear，manyattractedbythemysteryofhersmile.“It'sveryinterestingthatwhenyou'renotlookingather，sheseemstobesmiling，andthen，youlookatherandsheslops.”saidProfessorMargaretLivingstoneofHarvardUniversity.“It'sbecausedirectvision(视觉)isexcellentatpickingupdetail，butlesssuitedtolookingatshadows.DaVincipaintedthesmileinshadows.”However，theactualhistoryoftheMonaLisaisjustasmysteriousasthesmile.DaVincihimselfloveditsomuchthathealwayscarrieditwithhim，untilitwaseventuallysoldtoFrance'sKingFrancisIin1519.In1911，thepaintingwasstolenfromtheLouvreMuseumbyaformeremployee，whotookitoutofthemuseumhiddenunderhiscoat.HesaidheplannedtoreturnittoItaly.ThepaintingwassentbacktoFrancetwoyearslater.DuringWorldWarII，FrenchmenhidthepaintinginsmalltownstokeepitoutofthehandsofGermanforces.Likemanyoldladies，theMonaLisahassomeinterestingstoriestotell.1．TheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmeanstheMonaLisa________.A．islosingitsvalueB．isbeingdamagedaftersomanyyearsC．isgettingmorevaluablewithyearspassingD．willrotaway答案：B细节理解题。首先，由转折词But推断，本句的意思应和文章前面所说“美貌是永恒的”在意义上相反。后面又介绍说“蒙娜·丽莎”的健康状况随着岁月的消逝而恶化，画的木板变形，因此断定此处的意思是指随着岁月的消逝，名画《蒙娜·丽莎》受到了损坏。2．ThesmileoftheMonaLisacanonlybeseen________.A．byindirectvision B．atadistanceC．bydirectvision D．inshadows答案：A细节理解题。文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到“蒙娜·丽莎”的微笑，缘由是当时达·芬奇是在暗处画得画，因此只有人们“不正视”时，才能看到她的微笑。3．Fromthelastparagraph，wecaninferthat________.A．manyinterestingstorieshavebeenwrittenabouttheMonaLisaB．peopleareinterestedinthestoriesabouttheMonaLisaC．somemysteriesstillremaintobesolvedabouttheMonaLisaD．manymorestorieswillbetoldabouttheMonaLisa答案：C推理推断题。文章前面提到“蒙娜·丽莎”的历史像她的微笑一样是个谜，因此最终一段的意思是她还有一些隐秘未被人知。4．Expertshaven'thadanyrepairsontheMonaLisabecause________.A．itisnowinapoorchemicalstateB．theydon'tknowhowtoreplacethewoodenpanelC．theydon'thavethematerialsDaVinciusedD．theyareafraiditwillbedonefurtherdamage答案：D推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句可知，专家对于达·芬奇所用的材料及材料现在的化学状态没有把握，也就是说担忧盲目修补会更加损坏此画。A项讲此画状况极差，观点过激与本文不符；B项本文未提及；C项与第三段最终一句不符。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。AMynewly-rentedsmallapartmentwasfarawayfromthecentreofLondonanditwasbecomingessentialformetofindajob,sofinallyIspentawholemorninggettingtotownandputtingmynamedowntobeconsideredbyLondonTransportforajobontheunderground.Theywerelookingforguards,notdrivers.Thissuitedme.Icouldn’tdriveacarbutthoughtthatIcouldprobablyguardatrain,andperhapscontinuetowritemypoemsbetweenstations.ThewritersKeatsandChekhovhadbeendoctors.T.S.EliothadworkedinabankandWallaceStevensforaninsurancecompany.I’dbeasubwayguard.Icouldseemyselfbeingcheerful,useful,agoodmaninacrisis（困难危急时期）.ObviouslyI’dbeoverqualifiedbutIwaswillingtoforgetaboutthatinreturnforasteadyincomeandtravelprivileges—thosebeingparticularlywelcometosomeonelivingalongwayfromthecitycentre.ThenextdayIsatdown,withalmostahundredothercandidates,fortheintelligencetest.Imusthavedoneallrightbecauseafterabouthalfanhour’swaitIwassentintoanotherroomforapsychologicaltest.Thistimetherewereonlyaboutfiftycandidates.Theinterviewersatatadesk.Candidatesweresignaledforwardtooccupytheseatoppositehimwhenthepreviousoccupanthadbeendismissed,afteragreaterorshortertime.Obviouslythelonginterviewswerethemoresuccessfulones.Someoftheinterviewswereasshortasfiveminutes.Minewastheonlyonethatlastedaminuteandahalf.Icanrememberthequestionsnow:“Whydidyouleaveyourlastjob?”“Whydidyouleaveyourjobbeforethat?”“Andtheonebeforethat?”Ican’trecallmyanswers,exceptthattheywereshortatfirstandgrewprogressivelyshorter.Hisclosingstatement,Ithought,revealedalackofsensitivitywhichhelpedtoexplainwhyasapsychologist,hehadrisennohigherthantheundergroundrailway.“You’vefailedthepsychologicaltestandweareunabletoofferyouaposition.”Failingtogetthatjobwasmylowpoint.OrsoIthought,believingthattheworkwaseasy.Actually,suchjobs—beingapostmanisanotheroneIstilldesire—demandexactlythesortofelementaryyetresponsibleawarenessthatthehabitualdreamerisleastqualifiedtogive.ButIwasstillfarshortoffullself-understanding.Iwasalsoshortofcash.1．Thewriterappliedforthejobchieflybecause_________.A．hewantedtoworkinthecentreofLondonB．hecouldnolongeraffordtolivewithoutoneC．hewasnotinterestedinanyotheravailablejobD．hehadreceivedsomesuitabletraining2．Thewriterthoughthewasoverqualifiedforthejobbecause_________.A．heoftentraveledunderground B．hehadwrittenmanypoemsC．hecoulddealwithdifficultsituations D．hehadworkedinacompany3．Thelengthofhisinterviewmeantthat_________.A．hewasnotgoingtobeofferedthejobB．hehadnotdonewellintheintelligencetestC．hedidnotliketheintervieweratallD．hehadlittleworkexperiencetotalkabout4．Whatdoesthewriterrealizenowthathedidnotrealizethen?A．Howunpleasantordinaryjobscanbe. B．Howdifficultitistobeapoet.C．Howunsuitablehewasforthejob. D．Howbadlyhedidintheinterview.5．What’sthewriter’sopinionofthepsychologist?A.Hewasveryaggressive（有进取心的）. B.Hewasunhappywithhisjob.C.Hewasquiteinefficient. D.Hewasratherunsympathetic.【参考答案】1—5、BCACD阅读理解。NapoleonBonapartediedonMay5,1821,ontheislandofSt.HelenaoffthecoastofAfrica.Hewas51yearsoldatthetime.WhendoctorsexaminedNapoleon'sbody,theysaidthattheformeremperorofFrancehaddiedfromcancerofthestomach.Thatwasthecauseofdeathrecordedintheofficialreport.However,otherdoctorsdisagreed.OnedoctorwhowaspresentduringtheexaminationofthebodysaidthatNapoleondiedofhepatitis（肝炎）.OtherhistoriansandmedicalexpertshavesuggestedthatNapoleondiedofsyphilis（梅毒）,tuberculosis（肺结核）,orperhapsmalaria.Now,aftercarefulresearch,aBritishchemistthinksthatNapoleonmighthavebeenpoisoned--notbyaperson,butbyhiswallpaper.NapoleonwassenttotheislandofSt.Helenain1815afterhelostthebattleofWaterloo.Hewasaprisonerontheisland.Althoughhehadservantstoattendtohim,hehadtoliveinonesmallbuilding.St.Helenaisaverywetisland,sothewallsofthebuildingwerealwayscoveredwithmold.Napoleonbecameillfromspendingtoomuchtimeinsidehishouse.Almostconstantlyhehadafever,chills,andfeltsicktohisstomach.Heoftenfeltpaininhisshouldersandinhisside.Hisskinturnedyellow.Hegotfrequentheadaches,andhewouldbecomedizzyandvomit.NoneofthemedicinethatthedoctorsgaveNapoleonseemedtohelp.Theywerenotsurewhatwasthematter.Finally,Napoleonwastooweaktoleavethehouse.Onenight,whilehewassleeping,hewentintoacoma（昏迷）anddied.ManydoctorswholaterreviewedthereportsofNapoleon'sillnessfoundthatthesymptomsdidnotshowamanwhosufferedfromstomachcancer.ItseemedobviousthatNapoleonhaddiedfromsomeothercause.In1961,aSwedishdoctorexaminedsomeofNapoleon’shairandfoundahighlevelofarsenic（砒霜）,achemicalpoison.WasNapoleonmurdered?Itisdoubtful.ArsenicwasusedinmanytypesofmedicineduringNapoleon’stime,sohemighthavetakenthearsenicasacureforhisillness.Then,in1982,Dr.DavidJonesfromEnglandbegantolookintothemysteryandsuggestedthatNapoleonmighthavebreathedinarsenicwhichwasintheairofhishouse.Inthe1700sand1800s,arsenicwasusedtomakeakindofgreenpaintusedonclothandwallpaper.Ifthepaintwasusedonawetwall,thearsenicwouldgointotheair.Apersonintheroommightbreathethatair.AfterstudyingthewallpaperintheroomwhereNapoleondied,Dr.Jonesfoundhighlevelsofarsenicinthegreenpaintonthewalls.6.Thepassagesaysthat.A.aBritishdoctorthinkshehasfoundthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathB.manydoctorshavetriedtoguessthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathC.NapoleoncouldhavediedfrompoisonD.alloftheabove7.WhydidNapoleonliveonSt.Helena?A.Heownedtheisland.B.Hewasaprisonerthere.C.Hisfamilylivedthere.D.Helikedtheisland.8.Napoleonsufferedfromthefollowingsymptomsexcept__________.A.chillsB.feverCdizzinessD.bleeding9.TheofficialreportsaidthatNapoleondiedof____________.A.cancerB.acomaC.moldD.poison10.AccordingtoDr.Jones,howdidthearsenicprobablygetintoNapoleon'sbody?A.Heateit.B.Hebreatheditin.C.Hetouchedit.D.Hedrankit.【参考答案】6—10、DBDAB【2021高考复习】任务型读写AstudypublishedMondayfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplesstendtobefat，andexpertssaidit’stimetofindoutifmoresleepwillfightfatness.“We’veputsomuchemphasisondietandexercisethatwe’vefailedtorecognizethevalueofgoodsleep，”saidFredTurek，aphysicianatNorthwesternUniversity.Monday’sstudyfromEasternVirgniaMedicalSchoolinNorfolkcovered1,000peopleandfoundthattotalsleeptimedecreasedasbodymassindex－ameasureofweightbasedonheightincreased.“Mensleptanaverageof27minuteslessthanwomenandoverweightandfatpatientssleptlessthanpatientswithnormalweights，”itsaid.Ingeneralthefattersubjectssleptabout1.8hoursaweeklessthanthosewithnormalweights.“Americansexperienceinsufficientsleepandfatbodies.Cliniciansareawareoftheburdenoffatnessonpatients，”thestudysaid.“Ourfindingssuggestthatmajorextensionsofsleeptimemaynotbenecessary，asanextra20minutesofsleeppernightseemstobeassociatedwithalowerbodymassindex，”itadded.“Wecautionthatthisstudydoesnotsetupacause­and­effectrelationshipbetweenrestrictedsleepandfatness，butinvestigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship.”ThestudywaspublishedintheArchivesofInternalMedicinealongwithaneditorialbyTurekandNorthwesterncolleagueJosephBasscommentingonitandrelatedresearch.Inaninterview，Tureksaidsomestudieshaveshownthelackofsleepcausesdeclinesinanappetiteholdingbackproteinhormone，andincreasesinanotherhormonethatcausealongingforfood.“Inadditionneuropathies(神经疗法)inthebraingoverningsleepandfatnessappeartooverlap(部分重叠)，”hesaid.“Fatnesshasbeenrisingdramaticallyindevelopedcountriesandreachedepidemic(流行病)levelsintheUnitedStates，”itadded，“leadingtoavarietyofhealthproblems.”Anewstudyhavingbeen20.________21._______inthepastdietand22.________thistimesleepAstudyfromEasternPeople1,000were23.________differenceMenslept27mslessthanwomenon24.________Americans'problem25.________sleepandfatbodiesconclusionWeightlosssetup26.________betweensleep&fatness.ReasonLesssleepcausesproteinhormoneto27.________concerndevelopingcountriesrisingwith28.________speedintheUSAquite29.______20．published[在第一段提到这个争辩已经成为公众所知。]21．Emphasis[在其次段第一句说到人们以前把争辩肥胖缘由的重点放在饮食和熬炼上。]22．exercise[以前争辩的重点是饮食和熬炼，现在是争辩睡眠。]23．covered[这里的covered与第三段第一句话里的一样，意为“采访”。]24．average[anaverageof“以……的平均数”，onaverage“平均为”。]25．insufficient[本文争辩的就是睡眠不足与肥胖之间的关系。]26．relationship/connection[依据文中的“investigationsindicatingsuccessinweightlossviaextensionsofsleepwouldhelpgreatlytosetupsucharelationship”可知，减肥在确定程度上印证了这个观点。]27．reduce/decline[睡眠不足使得某种荷尔蒙削减。]28．high[依据最终一段可知在进展中国家，这个问题很突出，可以猜想出dramatically这个副词是个程度副词，意为“极度地，明显地”。]29．common[在美国这个问题几乎到了流行病的程度，说明这已是普遍现象。]【上海市黄浦区2022模拟】任务型阅读Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.applicationsB.devotedC.easy-goingD.efficientlyE.increasinglyF.interactG.freshH.publicizeI.respectJ.traditionalK.wildfireWhenUS’Duke

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