2022高考英语完形类和阅读类训练(4)及答案

完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Peter’sjobwastoexaminecarswhentheycrossedthefrontiertomakesurethattheywerenotsmugglinganythingintothecountry.Everyeveninghewouldseeafactoryworkercoming__1__thehilltowardsthefrontier,__2__abikewithapileofgoodsofoldstrawonit.Whenthebike__3__thefrontier,Peterwouldstopthemanand__4__himtakethestrawoffanduntieit.Thenhewouldexaminethestrawvery__5__tosee__6__hecouldfindanything,afterwhichhewouldlookinalltheman’spockets__7__helethimtiethestrawagain.Themanwouldthenputitonhisbikeandgooffdownthehillwithit.AlthoughPeterwasalways__8__tofindgoldorothervaluablethings__9__inthestraw,heneverfound__10__.Hewassurethemanwas__11__something,buthewasnot__12__tothinkoutwhatitcouldbe.Thenoneevening,afterhehadlooked__13__thestrawandemptiedtheworker’spockets__14__usual,he__15__tohim,“Listen,Iknowyouaresmugglingthings__16__thisfrontier.Won’tyoutellmewhatitis?I’manoldman,andtoday’smylastdayonthe__17__.TomorrowI’mgoingto__18__.IpromiseIshallnottell__19__ifyoutellmewhatyou’vebeensmuggling.”Theworkerdidnotsayanythingfor__20__.Thenhesmiled,turnedtoPeterandsaidquietly,“Bikes.”名师点评这篇完型填空叙述了身为边防检查员的彼得明知一个工厂工人在走私货物却无法抓住对方的把柄。在退休的前一天，彼得恳请其说出真相，结果令彼得恍然大悟。(D)1.A.towards B.down C.to D.up【解析】D。依据下文这个工人越过边界后，走下山坡，所以到达边界之前应在朝山上走。故选up。(C)2.A.filling B.pulling C.pushing D.carrying【解析】C。这名工人是在推着一辆装有稻草的自行车，故选动词pushing。(D)3.A.arrived B.appeared C.came D.reached【解析】D。这里表达的是到达边界之意arrive,come为不及物动词不行直接接thefrontier，故选reached。(C)4.A.ask B.order C.make D.call【解析】C。ask与order后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前应有to,make后接不定式的复合结构时，动词前to要省去。依据下文应选make。(A)5.A.carefully B.quickly C.silently D.horribly【解析】A。彼得想发觉这个工人在走私什么，所以应认真地检查。故选carefully。(D)6.A.that B.where C.how D.whether【解析】D。这里依据文意，应选择表示“是否”之意的whether作宾语从句的引导词。(A)7.A.before B.after C.first D.so【解析】A。依据常理，彼得应先检查这个工人的口袋才能让他捆起稻草走人，故选before。(B)8.A.lucky B.hoping C.thinking D.wondering【解析】B．依据文意，彼得心中始终怀着查获走私物品的期望，故选hoping。(B)9.A.hadbeen B.hidden C.hiding D.havebeen【解析】B。这里things和hide之间是被动关系,现在分词hiding作定语时表示主动，所以应用过去分词hidden作后置定语表被动。(D)10.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything【解析】D。本句中否定词never及文意打算了这里应选anything。(B)11.A.taking B.smuggling C.stealing D.pushing【解析】B。四个选项从语法上讲都可以，只能从文意上进行区分，smuggling意为“走私”，是正确选项。(C)12.A.possible B.strong C.able D.clever【解析】C。固定结构beabletodosth.意为“能够干某事”。(A)13.A.through B.thoroughly C.upon D.up【解析】A。习惯用语lookthrough意为“彻底检查”。(D)14.A.like B.more C.then D.as【解析】D。“asusual”为固定短语，意为“象平常一样”。(D)15.A.told B.cried C.ordered D.said【解析】D。tell,order后面应直接接人作宾语表示告知某人和命令某人，而用say应为saytosb.故said为正确选项。(C)16.A.cross B.past C.across D.into【解析】C．这里应选择一个介词构成介词短语在句中做状语。介词past表“经过”；across强调“从一边到另一边”；而into表示“进入到……里面”。依据文意across应为正确选项。(C)17.A.thing B.work C.job D.duty【解析】C。“onthejob”为一常用短语。意为“执行公务”。(C)18.A.rest B.back C.retire D.retreat【解析】C。由于今日是彼得最终一天上班说明明天他就要退休retire。(B)19.A.everyone B.anyone C.noone D.someone【解析】B。依据句中否定词not及文意应选anyone。(D)20.A.moment B.longtime C.sometime D.sometime【解析】D。本句说明这个工人回答彼得的问题之前缄默了一会儿。A选项应用amoment；C选项表示某一点时间；D选项表示一段时间或一会儿，为正确选项。语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】A:Hello,Bobby,ItseemsthatI__1__arriveatyourhomeby12o'clock.B:Whathappened?We'reallexpectingyou,Hans,Dick,Archie...A:I'msosorry,I'vebeen__2__(hold)upbythedamntrafficjamforhalf__3__hour.I'd__4__(arrive)butforthat.B:Isee.__5__areyounow,Li?A:ThirtymetersaheadistheWaterlooB:It'snotfarawayfromhome,it's—letmesee—about20minutes'walk,Canyouwalkhere?A:I'vethoughtofthat,butwhatcanIdo__6__mycar？__7__onlyIhadtakenataxi!B:That'stoobad,butdon'tworry.We'llput__8__dinnertilloneo'clock.A:I'mso__9__(terrible)sorrytokeepyou__10__(wait)．B:Itdoesn'tmatter.Bye.A:Bye.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.can't2.held3.an4.havearrived5.Where6.with7.If8.off9.terribly10.waiting语法填空。阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(原创)TheNobelPrizeinLiteraturefor2021isawardedtotheCanadianauthorAliceMunro,“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”.Canada’sAliceMunro—1(call)the“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”—wonthe2021NobelPrizeinLiterature,theSwedishRoyalAcademyofSciencesannouncedThursday.Theprizecommitteecomparedthe82-year-oldauthor2AntonChekhov,the19thcenturyRussian3isconsideredoneofthegreatestshortstorywritersinhistory.She’sthefirstCanadian-basedwriter4(win)theliteratureaward.SaulBellow,whowonitin1976,wasborninQuebecbutmovedtotheUnitedStatesasachildandisregardedas5U.S.author.Munroisthe13thwomantoreceivetheliteratureprize.“OnbehalfofallCanadians,”CanadianPrimeMinisterStephenHarpersaidinatweet,“6(congratulation)toAliceMunro.”Aftertheprestigiousaward7(announce),theNobelcommitteesaidonTwitterthatithadn’tbeenabletocontactMunroandleftaphonemessagetotell8thegoodnews.ButTheCanadianPresscontactedher,andshewasquotedassayingtheawardwas“quitewonderful”andshewas“9(terrible)surprised”.“IknewIwasintherunning,yes,10IneverthoughtIwouldwin,”shesaid,accordingtoaTorontoStarstoryquotingTheCanadianPress.【文章大意】诺贝尔奖官方宣布,2021年诺贝尔文学奖授予加拿大女作家爱丽丝·门罗,颁奖词称其为“当代短篇小说大师”。1.【解析】called。考查过去分词。call和规律主语AliceMunro之间是被动关系,应用被动语态作定语。2.【解析】to。考查介词。compare...to...把……比作……。本句句意是:组委会把这位82岁的女作者比作19世纪俄国作家契诃夫。3.【解析】who。考查关系代词。who引导定语从句修饰AntonChekhov,the19thcenturyRussian,并在从句中作主语。4.【解析】towin。考查不定式。thefirst/second...后要接不定式作定语。5.【解析】a。考查冠词。此处是泛指一位美国作家,应用不定冠词表泛指。6.【解析】congratulations。考查名词。表示庆贺时,应用congratulation的复数形式。7.【解析】wasannounced。考查被动语态。announce和award之间是被动关系,且是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态。8.【解析】her。考查人称代词。指代上文中提到的Munro。9.【解析】terribly。考查副词。修饰形容词(surprised),应用副词。10.【解析】but。考查连词。句意:我知道我有期望,但我从来没想过会获奖。上下文之间是转折关系,应用but连接。【2021高考复习】阅读理解Theinterviewhadbeengoingonforabout20minutesandeverythingseemstobegoingwell.Then，suddenly，theinterviewerasksanunexpectedquestion，“Whichismoreimportant，laworDove？”JobapplicantsintheWestincreasinglyfindthemselvesaskedstrangequestionslikethis.AndthesignsarethatthisisbeginningtohappeninChina.Employerswantpeopleskilled，enthusiasticanddevoted.Sothesearethequalitiesthatanyreasonablyintelligentjobapplicantswilltrytoshownomatterwhathisorheractualfeelingsare.Inresponse，employersareincreasinglyusingquestionswhichtryandshowtheapplicant’struepersonality.ThequestioninthefirstparagraphcomesfromatestcalledtheKeirseyPersonalitySorter.Itisanattempttodiscoverhowpeoplesolveproblems，ratherthanwhattheyknow.Thisisoftencalledanaptitudetest(力气倾向测验)．AccordingtoMarkBaldwinmanyjobapplicantsinChinaarefindingthistypeofquestionsdifficult.WhenaChinesepersonfillsoutanaptitudetestheorshewillthinkthereisarightanswerandtheymayfailbecausetheytrytoguesswhattheexaminerwantstosee.Thisissometimescalledtheprisoner’sdilemma.Applicantsaretryingtoactcleverlyintheirowninterest.Buttheyfailbecausetheydon’tunderstandwhattheinterviewerislookingfor.Rememberthatinanaptitudetest，thecorrectanswerisalwaysthehonestanswer.【语篇解读】本文叙述了现代企业聘请面试中的力气倾向测试并为求职者供应了回答此类问题的技巧。1．Thewriterwrotethepassageto________.A．giveyouapieceofadviceonajobinterviewB．tellyouhowtomeetajobinterviewerC．describetheaptitudetest D．adviceyouhowtofindajob解析写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文意在为面试者供应建议。答案A2．Whydotheinterviewersasksuchquestions?A．Theywanttodiscoverwhattheintervieweesknow.B．Theyarecuriousabouttheanswers.C．Theytrytodiscovertheabilityoftheintervieweessolvingproblems.D．Theyjustaskquestionswithoutthinkingmuch.解析细节理解题。依据第四段中的“Itisanattempttodiscoverhowpeoplesolveproblems，ratherthanwhattheyknow.”可知答案为C项。答案C3．Accordingtothewriter，inanaptitudetest，Chinesejobapplicantsshould________.A．nottellthetruthB．learntotellwhattheyreallythinkC．bemoreenthusiasticD．trytofindoutwhattheexaminerreallywanttoknow解析细节理解题。依据最终一段的最终一句“Rememberthatinanaptitudetest，thecorrectanswerisalwaysthehonestanswer.”可知，在力气倾向测验中，求职者应当给出一个恳切的答案。答案B4．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．jobapplicantsarealwaysaskedsuchquestionsB．moreChineseapplicantsfailtofindajobC．applicantsshouldnotactasreasonablyasaprisonerD．theaptitudetestisbecomingpopularworldwide解析推理推断题。依据文章其次段的内容可知，西方的求职者们不断发觉他们被问到类似这样的惊异问题，而且有迹象表明这种状况在中国也开头毁灭。由此可推知D项正确。答案D阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident,myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddeterminedtorepayhimoneday.Butthenextday,heaskedmetopayhim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjury,I’dhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctor,itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.ButeverytimeIwenttoseethedoctor,Ihadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthesametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtime.Thefinalexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccident,yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.Andhemademepayhim$770.NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancecompanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime,…andIleftwithoutgettingacent.MyexperiencestaughtmetwothingsaboutAmerica:firstly,inacountrylikeAmericamoneyiseverything.Itismoreimportantthanfriendship,honororprofessionalmorality.Secondly,foreignersarestillbeingunfairlytreated.SowhenwetalkaboutAmerica,weshouldseebothitsgoodandbadsides.1.Theauthor’sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause__________.A.hefeltsorryfortheauthorB.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyC.heknewthedoctorwasaverygoodoneD.hewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyer2.Agooddoctorisessentialfortheauthorto__________.A.beproperlytreatedB.talkwiththepersonresponsiblefortheaccidentC.recoverbeforeheleavesAmericaD.eventuallygettheresponsiblepartytopayforhisinjury3.Theunderlinedword“charge“inthispassagemeans___________.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.claim4.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery___________.A.friendlyB.greedyC.professionalD.busy5.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthestory?A.GoingtocourtissomethingverycommoninAmerica.B.Onemustbeverycarefulwhiledrivingacar.C.therearemorebadsidesinAmericathangoodsides.D.MoneyismoreimportantthanotherthingsintheUS.【参考答案】1—5、BDCBD【四川省2022“联测促改”活动模拟试题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答落卡上将该项涂黑。ImustfirstthankthewritersandeditorsofScienlljicAmericanandScientificAmericanMindfortheexcellentarticlesonwhichsomuchofthisbookisbased;theyarcacknowledged(致谢)indetailintheSources.Iammostgratefultohefamousnetunscicutists(神经系统科学家)andexpertswhokindlygavetheirtimetohelprecsonoutwhatmightbeinthequitenearfuture,andwhohavecontributedmuchtoneuroscience,especiallyR.DouglasFields,Josephl.cl)oux,RichardDavidson,PhilipKennedy,andHankGreely,anexpertonthelegal,ethical,andsocialproblemssurroundingthisbravenewworldofneuroscience.Thecaptivating(有吸引力的)conceptforthisbookcamefromthecreativeandhardworkingteamatJossey-Bass.whoarcmuchappreciated.Forthesecondtime,IwanttogiveheartfeltthankstomyeditorAlanRinzlerandsenioreditorialassistantNanaTwumasi.whohavecontributedsomuchtotheshapingandcreationofthisbook;CarolHartland,productiontalent;l3evMiller,muchmorethanacopyeditor；first-ratewriterresearcherl3riannaSmith；PaulaGoldstein.whodesignedthebook'sinside;andallthemarketingpeoplewhoputmybookinyourhands:JenniferWenzel.Erin13carn.P.J.Campbell,KarenWarner.At