黑龙江省大庆市名校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

黑龙江省大庆市名校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解（共15题，37.5分）阅读理解ProblemsCauses(起因)AdviceFeelstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findtimetorelax.Getshort-Sighted(近视)Toomuchhomework.Badstudyhabits.Dohomeworkorreadinacorrectway.Doingeyeexerciseseveryday.FightwitheachotherDon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Don'tliketostudyThebadinfluenceofcomputergames.Playcomputergamesjustforashorttime.GetfatHavemorepocketmoneytobuysnacks.Don'tliketodoexercise.Usepocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningfulanddoexerciseeveryday.1．Whoisthisformabovemostprobablywrittenfor?A．Students. B．Doctors. C．Parents. D．Teachers.2．Accordingtotheinformationgivenintheform,whydotheygetfat?A．Becausetheyspendtoomuchtimedoingtheirhomework.B．Becausetheydon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.C．Becausetheyeattoomanysnacks.What'sworse,theydon'tliketodoexercise.D．Becausetheydon'tsleepwell.3．Fromtheaboveadvice,weknowthat________canhelpusgetonwellwithclassmates.A．doingexercisetogether B．makingaplanforstudyC．sharingsnacks D．understandingeachother阅读理解Oneoftheimprov(即兴表演)classesIattendedregularlywastaughtbyJimCrannaeverySaturdayafternoon.Sometimes,asmanyastwenty-fivetosixty-plusfolksshowedup.Jimmadesuretofiteveryoneinsotheycouldimprovetheirskills.Theclasslastedforthreehours.Theusualcastofcomicactorsplayedimprovcomedygames.Andwewouldgotothenearestminimarketlocatedinthebuildingandgetasnackorcoffeeduringbreaks.Onedaythreeofuswerestandingoutsidethebuilding,whenRobinWilliams-aninternationallyfamousactorandcomicwalkedby,enjoyingthefreshbayair.Completelyfrozen,myfellowcomicscouldn'tsummonupthecouragetojustsay"hi"toRobin,whowaswithafriend.Ifrozeforamoment,butthenIcomposedmyself.Itoldthem,"Hey,ifyouguyscan'thandleit,thenIwillaskhimtocomeandjoinusforthesecondhalfofclass."Icouldhearthemmumbleundertheirbreath,"Yeah,sure,right.You'regoingtoaskRobinWilliamstocometoourcomedyclass.Goodluckwiththatone!"SoIwentuptoRobinandhisfriendandaskedhimtojoinus."We'rehavinganimprovcomedyclass.We'reonbreaknow,butwewouldbemosthumbledandhonoredifyouwouldjoinusforthesecondhalfoftheclass."Robinlookeddirectlyinmyeyesandsaidwithlittlehesitation,"Okay."Itwaslikeagrown-upchildbeingaskedtocomeandplay.Withthat,heandhisfriendfollowedmeuptotheclass.WhenhesawRobin,Jimsaid,"Ohmygoodness,lookwhoMichelineisbringingtoclass."Jim'seyeswereallreddeninginastonishmentanddelight."Why,it'sRobinWilliams!"Robinandhisfriendstayedtherestoftheclassandattheendoftheclasses,RobinandJimperformedaskit(滑稽短剧).Weactuallywatchedhimshape-shiftashepreparedphysicallyandmentallyforhismade-upcharacter.Hegaveithisall.Itwastrulymagical.WhatadelightforallofusthatSaturdayafternoon!AllIknowisthatifIhadn'tmusteredupthecouragetoaskRobintojoinus,noneofuswouldhavehadthatexperience.4．Whatdidtheauthorwanttoshowbytellingtheexperience?A．Everycloudhasasilverlining. B．It'snevertoolatetomend.C．Abraveattemptishalfsuccess. D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"compose"meaninparagraph2?A．Lookdown. B．Makeup. C．Pickup. D．Calmdown.6．WhatdidRobinWilliamsdoinourclass?A．Heperformedaromanticcomedywithhisfriend.B．Hewenttogreatlengthstolookseriousandrigid.C．Heimpresseduswithhiswonderfulperformance.D．Hegavealectureonplayingimprovcomedygames.7．WhatkindofpersonwasRobinWilliamsmostlikelytobe?A．Strictbuthelpful. B．Popularbutvain.C．Outgoingbutsensitive. D．Well-knownbutapproachable.阅读理解ForSchultz,a77-year-oldman,thisisachanceofalifetime.Schultzispartofagroupofaround50GermanswhoareonabusjourneyalongtheancientSilk(丝绸)Road.Speakingofhisjourney,hesays:"IhavebeendeeplyinterestedintheSilkRoadsinceIwasachild,butnowIfinallyhaveachancetoexperience(体验)it."Thetwo-monthbusjourneywilltakethegroupthroughGermany,Russia,andother4Europeancountries.TheywillthenenterChinafromthecountry'swesternpart.Itwillbeanunforgettablememoryforthem.Nearlyhalfofthe13,000-kilometertripwillbeinsideChina.FromXinjianginthewesttoShanghaiintheeast,theGermanvisitorswillseemorethan20Chinesecities."WehavemanagedthetripoftheSilkRoadforaround10years.Anincreasingnumberofpeople,notonlyfromGerman-speakingcountries,havebeenjoiningus,"saysLiuGuoqiangfromChinaTours.Almost26millionforeignerstraveledtoChinain2015,andabout5millionofthemwerefromEurope.Beijing,Xi'an,ShanghaiandtheChangjiangRiveraretraditionalChinesetraveldestinationsforEuropeantourists.Speakingofwherehewantstogo,Schultzsays,"Comparedwithmoderncities,thecultureinwesternChinaattractsmemore.AsShiXiang,headoftheChinaTours,says,"Beinganewbrand(品牌)toattractforeignvisitors,theSilkRoadisgoodforpeopletoknowmoreaboutChina,especiallythenorthwesternpartofthecountry."8．Howwillthegroupofaround50Germanshavethetour?A．Bycar. B．Bytrain. C．Bysubway. D．Bybus.9．WherewilltheGermangroupenterChina?A．FromBeijing. B．FromthewesternpartofChina.C．FromtheeasternpartofChina. D．FromShanghai.10．AccordingtoLiuGuoqiang,howlonghasChinaToursmanagedthetrip?A．Foraround10years. B．For26months.C．For2months. D．Forabout20years.11．What'sthemeaningoftheword"destinations"inPart5?A．标志 B．道路 C．目的地 D．品牌阅读理解Duringthepandemic,millionsofpeoplereplacedtheirlargeopen-planofficeswiththeirlivingrooms.Now,somecompaniessaytheiremployeesneednevercomebackin.BrynnHarrington,VicePresidentofFacebook,said,"Facebookbelievesthatremoteworkisthefuture.Wewanttobeabletogiveouremployeeschoicetoliveandbuildlivesinplacesthattheylove,andwewanttoincreaseourabilitytohirefromplacesaroundtheworld,notjustplaceswherewecurrentlyhaveoffices."Noteveryoneapprovesofworkingfromhome.Somepeopleareeagertogetbackintotheoffice.Facebookestimatesthatmorethanhalfofitsstaffcouldworkremotelyinthecomingyears,butitinsiststhemoveisnotaboutsavingcosts.Anditsaysit'scommittedtokeepingitsofficesopen.OthertechgiantssuchasMicrosoftandTwitterhavealsoindicatedstaffcouldstayremote—evenafterlockdownsease.OnWallStreet,theyseemlessenthusiasticabouttheidea.ThebossofGoldmanSachsrejectedworkingfromhomeasanewnormal—labellingitan"aberration"instead.Therearealsofearsthatitcouldcreatemoreinequality.Formanycompanies,theanswerprobablyliessomewhereinthemiddle—withworkersdividingtheirtimebetweenofficeandhome.TusharAgarwalfromHubblesaid,"Theofficedoeshaveafuture.Webelievethefutureishybrid(混合).Webelievethefutureisflexible.Thedemandforflexibleworkspacehasjustgonethroughtheroof.JustinthemonthofMarch,we'rebacktoaboutsixtytoseventypercentofpre-Covidlevels,andactuallyhugeamountsofcompaniesthataredemandingflexiblespaceusedtobeintraditionalrentspace,sonowpeoplewantmoreandmoreflexibilitythaneverbefore."Onething'sclear—theworldofworkwilllookverydifferenttohowitdidbeforethiscrisis.12．Whydosomecompaniespreferhome-working?A．Itcansavecost.B．Itcreatesmoreequality.C．Itdecreasesinterpersonalconflicts.D．Itoffersmorepossibilitiesforcompanies.13．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothechangeofworkingplace?A．Objective. B．Varied. C．Intolerant. D．Favorable.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinparagraph4mean?A．Anormalthing. B．Aflexiblething.C．Aninterestingthing. D．Anuntypicalthing.15．WhichcanpresentTusharAgarwal'sviewofthefutureoffice?A．Itwillremainunchanged.B．Itwillmainlyberemotework.C．Itwillmixdifferenttypesofworkingplaces.D．Itwillhaveanopenspaceinalargebuilding.二、任务型阅读（共5题，12.5分）任务型阅读Americansareproudoftheirvarietyandindividuality(个性),yettheyloveandrespectfewthingsmorethanauniform,whetheritistheuniformofaliftoperatorortheuniformofafive-stargeneral(将军).16．Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Peopleexpecthigherqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform.17．Faithintheskillofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,ahairdresser,orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity(职业身份)thantostepoutofuniform?18．Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmorelastingthancivilianclothes.Amongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandthelossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartypeisgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.19．20．Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitial(最初的)expenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.A.Americansthinkhighlyofuniforms.B.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?C.Whenpeoplewearthesameuniforms,theyarelikelytothink,speak,andactsimilarlyonthejobatleast.D.UniformsalsohavemanypracticalgoodpointsE.Somepracticalproblemswithuniformsarise.F.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsauniformislikelytoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.G.People'sidentitycanberecognizedmoreeasilybytheiruniforms三、完形填空（共15题，共15分）完形填空In2007,agroupofresearchersbegantestingaconceptthatseemsasifitwouldneverneedtesting:Ismorehappinessalwaysbetterthanless?Theresearchersaskedcollegestudentstoratetheirfeelingsonascalefrom"unhappy"to"veryhappy"andcomparedtheresultswithacademicandsocialoutcomes.Althoughthe"veryhappy"participantshadbrilliantsociallives,theyperformed21．inschoolthanthosewhoweremerely"happy".Theresearchersthenexaminedadatasetfromanotherstudythatratedcollegefreshmen's"cheerfulness"and22．theirincomenearlytwodecadeslater.Theyfoundthatthemost23．werenotthehighestearners.Thatdistinction(荣誉)onceagainwenttothesecond-highestgroup,whichratedtheircheerfulnessas"aboveaverage."Aswitheverythinginlife,happinesshasits24．.Pursuinghappinesstotheexclusionofothergoals-knownaspsychologicalhedonism(享乐主义)—is25．.Itgivesalifewhereyoudonotreachyourfullpotential,whereyouare26．totakerisks,whereyouchoosetemporarypleasuresoverchallengingexperiencesthatgivelifemeaning.WhenItalkwithpeopleabouttheirfearofnegativeoutcomesinlife,theirtruesourceoffear,inmanycases,27．howtheywillfeelabouthavingfailed,notabouttheconsequenceofthefailureitself.Thisissimilartothewaythatdiscomfortwith28．causesmoreanxietythanguaranteedbadnews.To29．thesebadfeelings,peoplegiveupkindsofopportunitiesthatinvolvethepossibilityoffailure.However,bringinggoodthingsintoyourlife,whetherloveorcareersuccess,usuallyinvolvesrisk.Riskdoesnot,ofcourse,30．makeushappy.Ariskylifewillverylikelybringdisappointment,butitcanbringgreater31．thanalifeplayedsafe,asthestudiesabovesuggested.Noneofthisistosaythatwearefoolishforwantingtobehappy.32．,thedesireforhappinessisnaturalandnormal.Makingthepursuitofpositivefeelingsyourhighestoronlygoal,however,isacostlylifestrategy.Endlesshappinessisimpossibletoachieve,anddoingso33．manyoftheelementsofagoodlife.AstheCanadian-AmericanpsychologistPaulBloomwrote,"It'sthe34．wechoosethataffordsthemostopportunityforpleasure,meaning,andpersonalgrowth."Thoughpainshouldneverbeanyone'sgoal,eachofuscanstriveforarichlifeinwhichwenotonlyseekthesunshinebutfully35．therainthatinevitablyfallsaswell.Thisistheparadox(悖论)ofbeingfullyalive.21．A．unwillingly B．unpleasantly C．admirably D．incredibly22．A．generated B．increased C．tracked D．drained23．A．joyful B．wealthy C．successful D．distinctive24．A．advantage B．balance C．opportunity D．preference25．A．fruitful B．significant C．priceless D．rewardless26．A．desperate B．hesitant C．likely D．tempted27．A．centerson B．workson C．takeson D．passeson28．A．performance B．discipline C．uncertainty D．ignorance29．A．conceal B．create C．tolerate D．avoid30．A．necessarily B．inevitably C．similarly D．deliberately31．A．fascination B．rewards C．depression D．challenges32．A．Onthecontrary B．ThatistosayC．Forinstance D．Inturn33．A．harvests B．encounters C．designs D．sacrifices34．A．happiness B．wealth C．dishonor D．suffering35．A．escape B．predict C．experience D．produce四、语法填空（10题，共15分）语法填空ToBeJoyful,ToBeYoungWhatreallyworkstomakesustainablechangesindietandlifestyle?It'sprobablynotwhatyouthink.Inthepast30yearsofconductingclinicalresearch,I36．(learn)thatrealkeysarepleasure,joyandfreedom.Joyoflivingissustainable;fearofdyingisnot.Why?Becauselifeistobeenjoyed.There'snopoint37．(abandon)somethingyouenjoyunlessyougetsomethingbackthat'sevenbetter,andquickly.Whenpeopleeatmorehealthfully,38．(quit)smoking,andmanagestressbetter,theyfindtheyfeelsomuchbetter,soquickly.Itreconstructsthereasonformakingthesechangesfromfearofdyingtojoyofliving.Whenyouexerciseandeatright,yourbrainreceivesmorebloodflowandoxygen,soyoubecomesmarter,havemoreenergy,andneedlesssleep.Twostudiesshowedjustwalkingforthreehoursperweekforonlythreemonthscausedsomanyneurons(神经细胞)39．(grow)thatitactuallyincreasedthesizeofpeople'sbrains!Yourfacereceivesmorebloodflow,soyourskinglowsmoreandwrinklesless.Youlookyoungerandmoreattractive.Incontrast,anunhealthydiet,lastingemotionalstressandsmokingreducebloodflowtoyourface40．youagemorequickly.Smokingspeedsupagingbecausenicotinecontributestoyourbloodvesselbecomingnarrower,41．decreasesbloodflowtoyourfaceandmakesitwrinkleprematurely.Thisiswhysmokerslookyearsolderthantheyreallyare.Oneofthemostinterestingfindingswasthatthemothers'awarenessofstresswasmoreimportantthan42．wasobjectivelyoccurringintheirlives.43．(give)aquestionnaire,thewomenwereaskedtorateonathree-pointscalehowstressedtheyfelteachday.Thewomenwhorealizedtheywereunderheavystresshadsignificantlyshortenedanddamagedtelomeres(染色体端粒)comparedwith44．whofeltmorerelaxed.Contrarily,someofthewomenwhofeltrelaxed45．raisingadisabledchildhadmorenormal-appearingtelomeres.Inotherwords,ifyoufeelstressed,youarestressed.五、读后续写（共1题，25分）46．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mylittlesister,Donna,turnedsix,andshestartedcopyingwhateverIdid—everymove!"Whatareyoudoing?"sheaskedmyfriendMayaandmeoneSaturdaymorning."We'remakingearrings,"Mayasaid,pointingtoaphotointhecraftpageofhermagazine.Donnaplopped(扑通)downnexttousatthetable."MayImakeonetoo?""Um…"Ipaused."Sure!"Mayasaid.DonnasqueezedinsoclosetomethatIcouldhardlyseewhatIwasdoing."Canyougivemealittlemoreroom?Youareblockingmefromthebeads."Isaidalittleangrily."I'mjusttryingtoseewhatyou'redoing."Donnasaid."Well,youdon'tneedtoseeexactlywhatI'mdoing."Itoldher."Youcanmakeyourowndesignjustoverthere,Donna.""Iam!"shesaid.ShewasusingthesamecolorsofbeadsandstringandeverythingthatIwasusing.Havingfinishedtheearrings,Mayasuggestedwegetherguitartomakeupsongsforourband."Anexcellentidea!"Isaid."Let'sgotothebackyardwherewecanhavesomeprivacy."WhenDonnadidn'tsayanything,IthoughtshemusthaveunderstoodwhatImeant.Nevertheless,10minuteslater,sheshowedupbeforeme."SorryI'mlate,butIcouldn'tfindmytambourine(铃鼓)."saidDonna."ItwasinthebasketthatmyHelloKittywassleepingin.Isn'tthatsofunny?Maybe,weshouldinviteKittytobeinourband!""Ourband?"Iasked."Sincewhenisthisourband?You'reconstantlyfollowingmelikeashadow,andI'msotiredofit.Pleaseleavemealone,OK?"注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。HearingwhatIsaid,Donnagotasuper-surprisedlook.……IcameupwithaplanthatIhopedwouldhelp.六、作文（共1题，15分）47．假定你是李华。你校开设了英语选修课—英语电影赏析(EnglishFilmAppreciation)，现英语组针对这门选修课向同学们征集意见。请你根据以下内容用英语给你校英语教研组写一封信。内容主要包括：1）说明你对该课的喜爱；2）赞赏该课的优点；3）对该课的内容或授课方式提出两点建议。注意：1）词数100左右；2）信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam,……Sincerelyyours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些学生中可能遇到的问题，起因以及给出的建议。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇教育类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查推理判断。根据表格中Problems部分的"Feelstressed”感到有压力；以及Causes部分的"Toomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.”作业太多了。没有足够的时间从事自己的爱好；和Advice部分的"Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findtimetorelax.”为学习和爱好制定计划。找时间放松。可推知，上面这张表格最有可能是写给学生的。故选A。2．考查细节理解。根据表格中Problems部分的"Getfat”变胖；以及Causes部分的"Havemorepocketmoneytobuysnacks.Don'tliketodoexercise.”有更多的零花钱买零食。不喜欢运动，可知，根据表格中给出的信息，他们会变胖是因为他们吃了太多的零食；更糟糕的是，他们不喜欢做运动。故选C。3．考查细节理解。根据表格中Causes部分的"Don'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.”不知道如何与同学相处；以及Advice部分中的"Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.”多交朋友，互相了解。可知，从上面的建议，我们知道相互理解可以帮助我们和同学相处得很好。故选D。【答案】4．C5．D6．C7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次经历，作者在上即兴表演课程时，在休息的偶遇著名的喜剧演员并鼓起勇气邀请他来为作者他们上喜剧课。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，作者和同学们偶遇著名喜剧演员却都不敢上前打招呼，最后作者鼓起勇气开口打招呼，并邀请这名喜剧演员为他们上戏剧课。结果该喜剧演员不仅同意了作者的请求，还给了他们精彩的表演。可推知，文章想告诉我们的是尝试就有可能成功。故选C。5．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Ifrozeforamoment”我愣了一会儿；以及"Itoldthem，‘Hey，ifyouguyscan'thandleit，thenIwillaskhimtocomeandjoinusforthesecondhalfofclass.'"我告诉他们，"嘿，如果你们搞不定，那我就叫他来和我们一起上下半节课。"可知，作者一开始也不太敢上前邀请Robin，但是后来还是开口了，说明作者是稳定了一下情绪。可推知，划线词compose与calmdown(镇定)意思接近。故选D。6．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Robinandhisfriendstayedtherestoftheclassandattheendoftheclasses,RobinandJimperformedaskit(滑稽短剧).Weactuallywatchedhimshape-shiftashepreparedphysicallyandmentallyforhismade-upcharacter.Hegaveithisall.Itwastrulymagical.”Robin和他的朋友留下来上了剩下的课，在课结束时，Robin和Jim表演了一个滑稽短剧。我们真的看到了他在身体和精神上为他虚构的角色做准备时的变化。他为此尽了全力。这真的很神奇。可知，作者及其同学们对Robin的表演印象很深刻。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Onedaythreeofuswerestandingoutsidethebuilding,whenRobinWilliams-aninternationallyfamousactorandcomicwalkedby,enjoyingthefreshbayair.”有一天，我们三个人站在大楼外面，国际著名演员兼喜剧演员RobinWilliams走过，享受着海湾的新鲜空气，可知，RobinWilliams很出名；以及第三段中的"Robinlookeddirectlyinmyeyesandsaidwithlittlehesitation，‘Okay.'"Robin直视着我的眼睛，毫不犹豫地说："好的。"可知，Robin是个平易近人的人。故选D。【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路之旅，并且它已经成为很多欧洲人的旅游热点。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Schultzispartofagroupofaround50GermanswhoareonabusjourneyalongtheancientSilk(丝绸)Road.”舒尔茨是大约50名德国人中的一员，他们正在沿着古丝绸之路乘坐巴士旅行。可知，他们是乘巴士旅行。故选D。9．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Thetwo-monthbusjourneywilltakethegroupthroughGermany,Russia,andother4Europeancountries.TheywillthenenterChinafromthecountry'swesternpart.”这段为期两个月的巴士旅程将带他们穿越德国、俄罗斯和其他四个欧洲国家。然后他们将从中国西部进入中国。可知，这个德国团将从中国西部进入中国。故选B。10．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘WehavemanagedthetripoftheSilkRoadforaround10years.Anincreasingnumberofpeople,notonlyfromGerman-speakingcountries,havebeenjoiningus，'saysLiuGuoqiangfromChinaTours.”"我们已经经营丝绸之路之旅大约10年了。越来越多的人加入我们的行列，不仅来自德语国家，"中国旅行社的刘国强说。可知，中国经营丝绸之路之旅已经有10年了。故选A。11．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Beijing,Xi'an,ShanghaiandtheChangjiangRiver”北京、西安、上海和长江，可知，这些都是旅游的目的地。可推知，划线词destinations意为"目的地"。故选C。【答案】12．D13．A14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了疫情之后办公场所的未来。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段"BrynnHarrington,VicePresidentofFacebook,said,‘Facebookbelievesthatremoteworkisthefuture.Wewanttobeabletogiveouremployeeschoicetoliveandbuildlivesinplacesthattheylove,andwewanttoincreaseourabilitytohirefromplacesaroundtheworld,notjustplaceswherewecurrentlyhaveoffices.'"布琳·哈灵顿，脸书（Facebook）副总裁，说"脸书认为未来将是远程工作的时代。我们想让员工选择在他们热爱的地方安居乐业、创造生活；另外，我们想提高在世界各地招聘的能力，而不仅仅是在目前设有办公室的地方招聘。"可知，一些公司更喜欢在家办公是因为它可以为公司提供更多的可能性。故选D。13．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段"Formanycompanies,theanswerprobablyliessomewhereinthemiddle—withworkersdividingtheirtimebetweenofficeandhome.”对许多公司来说，答案可能介于二者之间，即员工们把时间分在办公室和家中；以及最后一段"Onething'sclear—theworldofworkwilllookverydifferenttohowitdidbeforethiscrisis.”有一点显而易见，未来的职场万象将与这场危机前的情况截然不同。可知，作者列举了一些公司的做法，并客观的陈述了在家办公的现实情况，并没有发表个人观点，因此推断对于在家办公的态度是客观的。故选A。14．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的"OnWallStreet,theyseemlessenthusiasticabouttheidea.”在华尔街，他们似乎不那么热衷于这个想法；以及"Therearealsofearsthatitcouldcreatemoreinequality.”也有人担心允许员工在家办公会造成更多的不平等。可知，上下文都讲述反对在家办公，因此“ThebossofGoldmanSachsrejectedworkingfromhomeasanewnormal—labellingitan‘aberration'instead.”句意为：高盛集团（GoldmanSachs）的老板拒绝将在家办公视为新常态——称其为"反常态"。与D项"不典型的事情"意思相近。故选D。15．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"TusharAgarwalfromHubblesaid,‘Theofficedoeshaveafuture.Webelievethefutureishybrid(混合).Webelievethefutureisflexible.Thedemandforflexibleworkspacehasjustgonethroughtheroof.JustinthemonthofMarch,we'rebacktoaboutsixtytoseventypercentofpre-Covidlevels,andactuallyhugeamountsofcompaniesthataredemandingflexiblespaceusedtobeintraditionalrentspace,sonowpeoplewantmoreandmoreflexibilitythaneverbefore.'"来自Hubble的图沙尔·阿加瓦尔（TusharAgarwal）说"办公室还是有未来的，我们认为未来的办公场所是混合的。我们相信未来是灵活的。人们对灵活办公空间的需求已经猛增。仅在三月份，我们就回到了疫情前水平的60%到70%，其实，很多现在要求灵活空间的公司过去都是在传统租赁空间内办公的，所以现在人们比以往任何时候都更需要灵活变通。"可推断，图沙尔·阿加瓦尔认为未来的办公空间是灵活的，多种多样的。故选C。【答案】16．B；17．F；18．D；19．C；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论美国人对于制服的不同观点。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空后"Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessionalthancivilian（百姓的）clothes"首先，在大多数人眼里，他们看起来比平民服装更专业。可推断下文是对选项的回答。B.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnitedStates?"为什么制服在美国如此受欢迎"符合语境，故选B。17．根据空前"Peopleexpecthigherqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform"人们对穿制服的人有更高的要求。所以此处承接上文具体说明。F.Thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsauniformislikelytoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes."穿制服的电视修理工可能比穿便服的电视修理工更能赢得信任"符合语境，故选F。18．根据空后"Theyareoftenmorecomfortableandmorelastingthancivilianclothes."制服通常比便服更舒适、更耐穿。所以本段主要在说制服有很多实用的优点。D.Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalgoodpoints"制服也有很多实用的优点"符合语境，故选D。19．根据空前"Amongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandthelossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem"反对穿制服的理由之一是校服缺乏多样性，而且必须穿校服的人会失去个性。所以此处与上文话题一致，都在说穿制服的缺点。C.Whenpeoplewearthesameuniforms,theyarelikelytothink,speak,andactsimilarlyonthejobatleast."当人们穿着同样的制服时，他们的思维、言谈和行为至少在工作中是相似的"符合语境，故选C。20．根据空后"Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitial（最初的）expenseisgreaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldrycleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes"虽然它们经久耐用，但最初的花费往往大于便服的花费，有些制服的维护费用也很高，需要专业的干洗，而不能在家自己清洗。所以本段主要在说制服出现的一些实际问题也就是选项本段标题所要说明内容。E.Somepracticalproblemswithuniformsarise."制服出现了一些实际问题"符合语境，故选E。【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．D；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．B；32．A；33．D；34．D；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了快乐也有平衡，多一点幸福并不总是比少一点好，适当的不开心可以提高对生活的感受和解决问题的能力。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：尽管"非常快乐"的参与者有着辉煌的社交生活，但他们在学校的表现比那些仅仅"快乐"的人要糟糕。A.unwillingly“不情愿地”；B.unpleasantly“令人不愉快地”；C.admirably“令人钦佩地”；D.incredibly“难以置信地”。根据空前"the‘veryhappy'participantshadbrilliantsociallives"和表示转折关系的although可知，比起那些"快乐"的人，"非常快乐"的人在学校的表现不难么令人愉快。故选B。22．句意：研究人员随后检查了另一项研究的数据集，该研究对大学新生的"快乐"进行了评级，并在近20年后追踪了他们的收入。A.generated“产生”；B.increased“增加”；C.tracked“追踪”；D.drained“排除，使疲惫”。根据下文"Theyfoundthatthemost3werenotthehighestearners."可推知，研究人员追踪了他们近20年的收入。故选C。23．句意：他们发现最快乐的人并不是收入最高的人。A.joyful“快乐的”；B.wealthy“富有的”；C.successful“成功的”；D.distinctive“独特的”。根据上文"Ismorehappinessalwaysbetterthanless?"可知，本文研究的是"多一点幸福总比少一点好吗"，因此此处指那些快乐的人并不总是收入最高的。故选A。24．句意：和生活中的一切一样，幸福也有它的平衡。A.advantage“优势”；B.balance“平衡”；C.opportunity“机会”；D.preference“偏爱”。结合常识和空前"Aswitheverythinginlife"可知，幸福和生活中的其他事情一样，也有平衡，过多过少都是不行的。故选B。25．句意：追求幸福而不顾其他目标——被称为心理享乐主义——是没有回报的。A.fruitful“有成果的”；B.significant“重要的”；C.priceless“无价的”；D.rewardless“无报酬的”。根据空前"Pursuinghappinesstotheexclusionofothergoals-known"可知，这样做是没有回报的。故选D。26．句意：它给人的生活是，你没有充分发挥自己的潜力，你对冒险犹豫不决，你选择暂时的快乐而不是挑战赋予生活意义的经历。A.desperate“绝望的”；B.hesitant“迟疑的，犹豫的”；C.likely“可能的”；D.tempted“诱惑的”。根据空前"youdonotreachyourfullpotential"和空后"youchoosetemporarypleasuresoverchallengingexperiencesthatgivelifemeaning"可知，此处应选择负向感情色彩的词，即面对冒险时犹豫不决。故选B。27．句意：当我和人们谈论他们对生活中负面结果的恐惧时，他们真正的恐惧来源，在很多情况下，集中在他们对失败的感受上，而不是失败本身的后果。A.centerson“以……为中心，集中于”；B.workson“致力于”；C.takeson“呈现，从事”；D.passeson“传递”。根据空后"howtheywillfeelabouthavingfailed"可知，人们恐惧的来源集中在对失败的感觉上。故选A。28．句意：这类似于不确定性带来的不适会比肯定的坏消息引起更多的焦虑。A.performance“表演，表现”；B.discipline“自律”；C.uncertainty“不确定性”；D.ignorance“无知”。呼应空后"guaranteed"此处指对不确定性的不适。故选C。29．句意：为了避免这些不好的感觉，人们放弃了各种可能失败的机会。A.conceal“取消”；B.create“创造”；C.tolerate“容忍”；D.avoid“避免，避开”。根据空后"peoplegiveupkindsofopportunitiesthatinvolvethepossibilityoffailure."可知，人们为了避免不好的感觉，放弃了很多机会，尽管这些机会带来的可能是失败。故选D。30．句意：当然，风险并不一定会让我们快乐。A.necessarily“必定，必然”；B.inevitably“不可避免地”；C.similarly“相似地”；D.deliberately“故意地”。根据空前"bringinggoodthingsintoyourlife,whetherloveorcareersuccess,usuallyinvolvesrisk."和下文"Ariskylifewillverylikelybringdisappointment"可知，幸福伴随着风险，