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课时作业19BodylanguageⅠ.阅读理解(2021·湖北省荆州市质检Ⅰ)Ifyouaresendingatext,watchingtheTVorlisteningtotheradio,youmaywanttostopandgivethisyourfullattention.Multitaskingshrinks(萎缩)thebrain,researchsuggests.Astudyfoundthatmenandwomenwhofrequentlyusedseveraltypesoftechnologyatthesametimehadlessgreymatterinakeypartofthebrain.UniversityofSussexresearcherssaid:“simultaneouslyusingmobilephones,laptopsandothermediadevicescouldbechangingthestructureofourbrains.”Worryingly,thepartofthebrainthatshrinksisinvolvedinprocessingemotion.Thefindingfollowsresearchwhichhaslinkedmultitaskingwithashortenedattentionspan(持续时间),depression,anxietyandlowergradesatschool.Theresearchersbeganbyasking75healthymenandwomenhowoftentheydividedtheirattentionbetweendifferenttypesoftechnology.Thiscouldmeansendingatextmessagewhilelisteningtomusicandcheckingemail,orspeakingonthephonewhilewatchingTVandsurfingtheweb.Thevolunteerswerethengivenbrainscanswhichshowedtheyhadlessgreymatterinaregioncalledtheanteriorcingulatecortex(ACC).Thestudy,publishedinthejournalPLOSONE,isthefirsttomakealinkbetweenmultitaskingandthestructureofthebrain.ResearcherKepKeeLohsaid:“Mediamultitaskingisbecomingmoreprevalentinourlivestodayandthereisincreasingconcernaboutitsimpactsonourcognitionandsocialemotionalwellbeing.”“Headdedthatmoreresearchisneededtoprovethatmultitaskingshrinksthebrain.ThisisbecauseitisalsopossiblethatpeoplewithlessgreymatterintheACCaremoredrawntousinglotsofgadgetssimultaneously.”Expertshavealsowarnedoftheharmfulimpacttechnologycanhaveonourmemoryandattentionspan.TheUniversityofCaliforniateamcommissionedasurveyofmorethan18,000peopleagedbetween18and99andfound20percenthadproblemswithmemory.Researchersweretakenabackbythe14percentof18to39yearoldswhoalsoworriedabouttheirmemories.Multitaskingwithgadgetsmayshortenattentionspan,makingithardertofocusandformmemories,theresearcherssaid,addingthatyoungstersmaybeparticularlyaffectedbystress.1.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Multitaskingshortensattentionspan.B.Multitaskingmakesyourbrainsmaller.C.Multitaskinghasharmfuleffectsonourmemory.D.Multitaskingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simultaneously”(inParagraph3)mean?A.frequently B.nowandthenC.inthemeantime D.foralongtime3.What'stheopinionofKepKeeLohonmediamultitasking?A.peoplewithlessgreymatteraremorewillingtousegadgetslots.B.Whethermultitaskingshrinksthebrainremainstobestudiedfurther.C.Multitaskingwithgadgetsmakesithardertofocusandformmemories.D.Mediamultitaskingaffectsonourcognitionandsocialemotionalwellbeing.4.Researchersbelievethatmultitaskingmaycausepeopletobe________.A.attentive B.addictedC.absentminded D.intelligent答案与解析1.B主旨大意题。从全文内容归纳可知B项正确。2.C词义猜想题。从画线后的usingmobilephones,laptopsandothermediadevices...可知simultaneously的含义为inthemeantime(与此同时)。3.B细节理解题。从倒数其次段中Headdedthatmoreresearchisneededtoprovethatmultitaskingshrinksthebrain.可知B项正确。4.C细节理解题。从最终一段中Multitaskingwithgadgetsmayshortenattentionspan,makingithardertofocusandformmemories...可知C项正确。Ⅱ.阅读填句(2021·辽宁省沈阳二中月考)Britain'sHighStreetsareDyingSlowlyTwentyyearsago,theprosperoushighstreet(繁华商业区)wastheheartofmostcities.Itwascrowdedwithcustomers.__1__Nowadays,highstreetsaredeclining,withveryfewshopsandshoppers.Withabout14shopsdowneveryday,Britain'shighstreetsaredyinglittlebylittle.__2__It'sfairlyeasytounderstand.Tostartwith,peoplearespendinglessbecauseoftheeconomicrecession(衰退).Ontopofthat,moreandmorepeopleareusingtheInternettodotheirshopping.Anditisnoteasyforshopkeepersinthehighstreets,either.__3__Finally,therearetheoutoftownretailparkswithfreecarparkingthatselljustabouteverythingatverylowprices.Whatcanbedone?PrimeMinisterDavidCameronhashiredMaryPortas,aBritishbusinesswomanandstarofTVshowMaryQueenofShops,tobringsomelifebackintoBritain'shighstreets.She'stalkedaboutcreating“magnets(磁石)”toattractpeoplebacktothecentre.__4__Inonetown,abicyclerickshaw(人力车)serviceisdeliveringpeople'sshoppingtotheirhomes.__5__,wherechildrencanbecaredforwhileparentsareshopping.Membersofthepublichavealsovoicedtheiropinions.“Myidealshoppingcenterisonewherethere'sawideselectionofattractivelookingshops,withcheapparkingandgoodpublictransportlinks,”saida28yearoldman.“I'dliketoseeNightShoppingeveningswhereshopsareopenthroughto10p.m.orlater,”saida22yearoldgirl.A.Theyhavetopayincreasinghighrents.B.Butheisnottheonlyonetosolvetheproblem.C.Butthat'sallchanged.D.Inanothertown,theysetupnightshoppingcenters.E.Inanothertown,theysetupanursery.F.Theycanmakeafortuneovernight.G.Whyarehighstreetsinsuchadesperatesituation?答案与解析本文叙述的是英国繁华的商业区正走向衰落。1.C依据上文提到Itwascrowdedwithcustomers.布满了顾客,再依据下文提到Nowadays,highstreetsaredeclining,withveryfewshopsandshoppers.没有几个人和商店可知已经发生转变,故选C项。2.G依据下文提到Tostartwith,peoplearespendinglessbecauseoftheeconomicrecession(衰退).可知在问为什么如此萧条,故选G项。3.A依据上文提到Anditisnoteasyforshopkeepersinthehighstreets,either对于店主来说也不简洁,故选A,他们不得不支付高额的租金。4.B依据上文提到She'stalkedaboutcreating“magnets(磁石)”toattractpeoplebacktothecentre.她提到制造磁石来吸引人们回来,故选B,但这不是唯一的需要解决的问题。5.E依据上文提到Inonetown,abicyclerickshaw(人力车)serviceisdeliveringpeople'sshoppingtotheirhomes一个小镇,用人力车把人们送回来,故选E,另外一个小镇建立了幼儿园。Ⅲ.语法填空(2021·山西高校附中月考)Scientistshavefoundthatpesticides(农药)harmtheabilityofbeestofindfood.Beesmustlearnwhichflowerscontaintheirfoodfromthesmellsoftheflowers.__1__thebeesdonotlearnwhichsmellsmeanfood,theywillstarve.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatpesticides__2__(use)byfarmersandgardenerscanswitchoffthepartofabee'sbrainthatisresponsible__3__associatingsmellswithfood.LeadresearcherDr.GeraldineWrightsaidpesticidescouldseriouslyimpactthe__4__(survive)ofhoneybeecolonies.Shesaid,“Beesthatcannotlearnwillnotbeabletofindfood.”Thisalso__5__(mean)beenswillnotpollinate(给……授粉)cropsandwildplants.Beepopulationsaroundtheworldhavebeendeclining.Scientistshavesearchedforalongtimeforareason__6__somanybeesaredisappearing.Thisnewresearchmaybe__7__importantclue.However,theBritishgovernmentdoesnotwanttostoptheuseofthepesticidesthatmaypreventbeesfromlearning.__8__wantstocarryoutmoreteststomakesurepesticidesaretherealreasonforthedecreaseinthenumberofbees.AspokeswomanfromtheFriendsofTheEarthcharitysaidthegovernmentmustact__9__(soon)ratherthanlater.“Beehealthisfartoourgenttowait__10__moreresearchhasbeencompleted.Controlsshouldbeplacedonthesepesticidesuntilbeesafetycanbeguaranteed,”shesaid.答案与解析1.Ifif引导条件状语从句,意为“假如”。2.usedpesticides与use之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。3.forberesponsiblefor对……负责。4.survival名词作宾语。5.means依据上下文时态可知用一般现在时。6.why先行词为reason,定语从句中缺状语,故用why引导。7.an表示“数量一”,用不定冠词。8.Itit代替theBritishgovernment.9.sooner依据than可知用比较级。10.untiluntil引导时间状语从句,意为“直到……为止”。Ⅳ.短文改错MynameisJulie.AsanurseIworkinaschooltomakesurethatourchildrenarehealthandabletolearn.Iworkwithteachers,schooldoctorsandothertoofferthemsomeadvicesandhelpthemwhentheyhaddifficulties.IenjoymyjobbecauseIlovebeingwithchildren.Theyareveryactiveandlovely.IamverygladstaywiththemsoIfeelmuchyoungthanbefore.Theyarehonestaboutwhattheyfeel—gladorsad.Whenchildrenareill,Itrymybesttotakeagoodcareofthem.Whentheyaresad,Ialwaysmakethemhappy.Theyalsolovemebutsometimesgivemeapplesandcandiesbyreturn.答案MynameisJulie.AsanurseIworkinaschooltomakesurethatourchildrenareeq\o(health,\s\do14(healthy))andabletolearn.Iworkwithteachers,schooldoctorsandeq\o(other,\s\do14(others))toofferthemsomeeq\o(advices,\s\do14(advice))andhelpthemwhentheyeq\o(had,\s\do14(have))difficulties.IenjoymyjobbecauseIlovebeingwithchildren.Theyareveryactiveandlovely.Iamverygladeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))staywiththemsoIfeelmucheq\o(young,\s\do14(younger))thanbefore.Theyarehonestabouteq\o(what,\s\do14(how))theyfeel—gladorsad.Whenchildrenareill,Itrymybesttotakeeq\o(a,\)goodcareofthem.Whentheyaresad,Ialwaysmakethemhappy.Theyalsolovemeeq\o(but,\s\do14(and))sometimesgivemeapplesandcandieseq\o(by,\s\do14(in))return.Ⅴ.书面表达随着互联网的进展和流行,网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了。某英文报近期开拓专栏,争辩中同学网上购物的问题。请结合实际,按以下提示,用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件,谈谈你对中同学网购的看法。1.网上购物的好处(比如便利快捷,节省时间,价格低等)。2.网上购物的缺点(比如快递比较耗时,无法试穿试用,质量得不到保证等)。3.中同学对网购应当持什么样的态度。留意:1.词数100左右,开头结尾已为你写好;2.网购的好处与缺点至少各两点;3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;4.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。DearEditor,WiththedevelopmentandpopularityoftheInternet,onlineshoppinghasbecomemoreandmorecommoninChina.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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