04-选择性必修第三册Unit-3综合检测(人教版2019)

2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版2019)选择性必修第三册Unit3综合能力检测(100分钟120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWillyoubecrazyaboutthesenewly-builtproductsthatarenotmerelyquiteusefulbutalsogoodtotheenvironment?Comeandseethen!Eco-friendlyUmbrellaTraditionalumbrellascomewithafixedsurface.Althoughitischangeable,youcannotreplaceiteasily.Thiseco-friendlydesignismoreflexible.Itisactuallyonlyanumbrellaskeletonwithoutanysurface,whichcanbefolded,soyoucanputanythingsuchasnewspapers,plasticbagsorwhateveryouwanttoserveastheprotectingsurface.Pollution-sensitiveDressDon’tbecaughtoutsideunawareofpollutionlevelsintheair.Thepollution-sensitiveEPADressbyStephanieSandstromnoticespollutionintheairaccordingly.Thisdress—whichisactuallyquiteprettylookslikeyoupullitfromthebottomofthedirtylaundrypilewhentheairisdirty.Itmightprotectyourhealthbyadvisingyoutostayindoorsfortheday,butitwon’tdoyouanyfavorifyou’remeetingwithclients.Eco-friendlyCarRacerCanyouimageacarracerissoeco-friendlythatitstyresaremadefrompotatoes,itsbodyiscreatedfromhemp(大麻)andrapeseedoilanditrunsonfuelmadefromwheatandsugarbeet?TheoneseaterracingcarcalledEcoOneisbuiltbyexpertsfromWarwickUniversity,whohopethatEcoOnewillbeadoptedbytheautomotiveindustry.Itissoldat$51,000.Eco-friendlyMoss(苔藓)CarpetDoyouknowitissaidthatwalkingonfreshgrasscanreallyincreaseyourbloodcirculation?TheMossCarpet,createdbyNguyenLaChanh,looksatgettingthegrasstoyourfeet.Thematincludesballmoss,islandmossandforestmoss.Thehumidity(湿度)ofthebathroomensuresthatitgrowswell.Andthat’swhyyouneedtoplaceitthereandnotanywhereelse.1.TheEPADressisdesignedto______.

A.discouragepeoplefromgoingoutB.helpmeetwithclientsC.improvepeople’sappearanceD.informpeopleofairquality2.WhatcanweknowaboutEcoOne?A.Itcanseatonepassengerandonedriver.B.Itcan’tbeaffordedbythepublicatpresent.C.Itismainlymadefromsomekindsofplants.D.Itwilltaketheplaceofthetraditionalcarindustry.3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencereport.B.Apersonalblog.C.Ahealthreport. D.Anofficialdocument.BAttheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingtheirpocketmoneyonunimportantthingslikecandyandtoys,Josewasbusysavingmoneyformorenecessarythings.Totrytogethispeerstodothesame,theyoungsterfromPerucameupwiththenewideaofaneco-bank,whichallowskidsofallagestobecomeeconomicallyindependentandfinanciallyintelligent—whilealsohelpingtheenvironment.Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld’sfirstcooperativebankforkids.Possiblemembershavetobringinatleast5kilogramsofsolidwasteandsetasavingsgoal.Onceaccepted,allbankpartnersarerequiredtobankatleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasis.Thewasteissoldtolocalrecyclingcompanies.Thefundsreceivedareplacedintheindividual’saccountwheretheycollectuntilhis/hersavingsgoalisreached.Theaccountholdercanthentakeouthis/hermoney,orchoosetoleaveitandcontinuetogrowforabiggergoal.

Theyoungster’sdeterminationpaidoff,andby2013,theBartselanaStudentBankhadover200members.Thingshaveonlyimprovedsince.Today,theeco-bankisproudofteneducationalcenters.Theyaredesignedtoteachover3,000teenagerstobecomeeconomicallyindependent,invest(投资)wisely,andhelptheenvironment.NowtheBartselanaStudentBankbeganacceptingapplicationsfromkidsallacrossPeru.Notsurprisingly,Jose’seffortshaveearnedtheyoungsterseveralnationalandinternationalawards,whichwonhimabout$5,500.“Jose’seco-bankisabrilliantwayoflinkingeconomyandclimateeffect,bothinthoughtandpractice.Thesystemclearlyshowsthattheplanet’scommonresourcesarelimitedandthatwemustrecycletheproductswenolongeruse,”ajudgesaid.“Itcreatesviewpointofconsumption(消费).Thiswaycaringabouttheenvironmentbecomesaninvestment,asystemthatgiveschildrenbotheconomicindependenceandpowertoinfluencetheclimate.Thepotentialimpactisamazing.”4.InwhichaspectdoesJosestandoutfromotherkids?A.Hedidbetteratstudies.B.Hedidn’tlikecandyandtoys.C.Hemanagedhispocketmoneymorewisely.D.Hecamefromawealthyfamily.5.Whatdoes“allbankpartners”inParagraph2referto?A.Localrecyclingcompanies.B.Thekidsbringinginrecyclables.C.Thebankstaffworkinginthebank.D.Thecustomerssavingmoney.6.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusbytheexamplesinParagraph3?A.Jose’spioneeringeffortswererichlyrewarded.B.Josehelped3,000teenagerspayofftheirdebts.C.Josecontributedtotheenvironmentalprotection.D.Jose’sideahelpedhimwinaprizeworth$5,500.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.KidsinPeruAreChangingTheirConsumptionHabitsB.PeruKidsLearnedtoBecomeEconomicallyIndependentC.Jose’sIdeaIsRaisingViewpointsofEnvironmentalProtectionD.APeruEco-BankTeachesKidsAboutFinanceAndRecyclingCIndiahastheworld’sworstairpollution.Hometo21oftheworld’s30mostpollutedcities,itspoisonousairkillsmorethanonemillionpeopleeachyear.That’spartlybecausetheSouthAsiannationistheworld’ssecondlargestbrickproducer.Brickkilns(砖窑)—whichaccountfor20%ofblackcarbonemissionsglobally—makeasignificantcontributiontoitsterribleair.IndianarchitectTejasSidnalwasshockedtodiscovertheconstructionindustry’sroleinthepollutioncrisis.“Thatwasacrazyeyeopener,”hesays,“Asarchitects,weshouldtakeresponsibilityforsomuchairpollution.”DeterminedtomakeconstructionmoresustainableandtackleIndia’sairpollution,SidnallaunchedCarbonCraftDesignin2019.“Wefoundawaytoaddvaluetothisrecoveredcarbonbyusingitasapigment(颜料,色素)incarbontiles(瓷砖,瓦片),”hesays.Tocreatethecarbontiles,CarbonCraftDesignpartneredwithGravikyLabs,anIndiancompanythatpreviouslycreated“AirInk”,atechnologythatcapturescarbonsootfromcarsandfactories,andconvertsitintoinkandpaint.“GravikyLabsviewspollutionasaresource,”companyfounderAnirudhSharmatellsCNN.“Weareoneofonlyafewcompaniesintheworldtocapturethesecarbonemissionsandturnthemintonewmaterials.”Sincelaunchingitsfirsttilesayearago,CarbonCraftDesign’scustomershaveincludedglobalfashionbrandsandarchitecturefirmsinIndia.InNovember2020,thecompanyretrofittedanAdidasstoreinMumbai,coveringthewallsandthefloorwithitscarbontiles.ArchitectMananGala,whosefirmBombayContractorsdesignedtheAdidasstore,describesthecarbontileasa“winner”fortheconstructionindustry.“Aswellasbeingsustainable,theproducthasbetterstrengththanconventionalcementtilesduetothecarboncontent,andtherawandrusticfeeladdstotheoverallcharm,”hesays.“CarbonCraftDesigniscurrentlyrisinginvestmentandhopestostartdistributioninEuropethisyear.”saysSidnal,addingthat“WearefloodedwithinquiriesfrominandoutofIndia.”8.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbythefiguresinParagraph1?A.Globalpollutioncrisis.B.Brickkilns’sideeffectsinairpollution.C.Benefitsofbricksproduction.D.Significanceofenvironmentprotection.9.WhatcanweinferaboutSidnalfromParagraph2?A.Hecaresaboutcrises.B.Heprefersprofits.C.He’saresponsiblearchitect.D.He’scrazyaboutconstruction.10.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.Carbontilesarestrongerthantraditionalcementtiles.B.“AirInk”wasspeciallycreatedtoproducecarbontiles.C.GlobalfashionbrandsandarchitecturefirmsjoinGravikyLabs.D.Manycompaniescantransformcarbonemissionsintonewmaterials.11.WhatisSidnal’sattitudetowards“CarbonCraftDesign”?A.Cautious. B.Doubtful.C.Self-critical. D.Hopeful.DInAustraliaandotherdevelopedcountries,consumption(消耗)isviewedasimportantforeconomicgrowth.Inrecentyears,however,concernhasgrownabouttheincreasingnumberofpeopleconsuminglimitedresourcesatashockingrate.TheUnitedStateshasonlyabout5percentoftheworld’spopulation,yetconsumesabout35percentoftheworld’senergy.Impressivepackagingandstoragesuchasrefrigerationisaluxury(奢侈)thatconsumersindevelopedcountriestakeforgranted(认为理所当然).Inmanypartsoftheworldwhererefrigerationiseitherunavailableortooexpensive,freshfoodisboughtdailyfromopen-airmarkets.Thesemarketsmakelittleinfluenceontheenvironment.Theydonotuseenergytostorefoodandbecausetheymostlyoperateduringdaylighthours,noelectricityisusedforlighting.Packagingismostlyunnecessary,andwhenneeded,isoftenmadefrombiodegradable(可生物降解的)vegetablematter.Thesemarketsstillexistinmanypartsofthedevelopedworld,butareanalternative(供选择的)formofshopping.Evenindevelopingcountries,shopsarefastbecomingthemainplacesforconsumers.Commercial(商业的)packagingisbecomingasmuchapartofconsumptionindevelopingcountriesasitisindevelopedcountries.Plasticbags,drinkcans,andhamburgercontainersarenowthrownintorubbishpilesalongwithbananaleaveswhichareamoretraditionalformofpackaging.Inmostcases,itallendsupatthelocalgarbagedisposalplantandisnotrecycled.Manypeoplearestartingtonoticetheinfluenceofconsumerismontheenvironment.Itisaffectingnotonlytheearth,butalsoourhealth.Somescientiststhinkthatthegreenhouseeffecthasincreasedduetotheproduction,useanddisposalofmanyoftheproductsweuse.12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpackagingandrefrigeration?A.It’squitenecessary.B.It’sacostlyprocess.C.It’stheprogressofsociety.D.It’sdifferentfromconsumerism.13.Whatcanbeknownabouttheopen-airmarketsindevelopingcountries?A.Theyarenotchanging.B.Theycan’tbeseennow.C.Theyaregettinglesspopular.D.Theyareappearinginmoreplaces.14.Whatarerarelyusedaspackagingaccordingtotheauthor?A.Drinkcans. B.Plasticbags.C.Bananaleaves. D.Hamburgercontainers.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DifferentWaysofPackagingB.TechnologyVs.theEnvironmentC.MarketsinDevelopingCountriesD.ConsumptionVs.EconomicGrowth第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Carbondioxideisreleasedwhenoil,coal,andotherfossilfuelsareburnedforenergy—theenergyweusetopowerourhomes,cars,andsmartphones.Byusinglessofit,wecanlimitourowncontributiontoclimatechangewhilealsosavingmoney.16.

Buyenergy-efficientappliancesSincetheywerefirstsetin1987,efficiencystandardsfordozensofappliancesandproductshavekept2.3billiontonsofcarbondioxideoutoftheair.That’saboutthesameamountastheyearlycarbonpollutioncoughedupbynearly440millioncars.Whenshoppingforrefrigerators,washingmachines,andotherappliances,lookfortheEnergyStarlabel.17.

ReducewaterwasteSavingwaterreducescarbonpollution,too.That’sbecauseittakesalotofenergytopump,heat,andtreatyourwater.18.Turnoffthetapwhilebrushingyourteeth.Andswitchtowater-efficientequipment.Ifoneoutofevery100Americanhomesdidthis,about100millionkilowatt-hoursofelectricityperyearwouldbesaved,avoiding80,000tonsofglobalwarmingpollution.

19.

Gas-smartcars,suchashybridsandfullyelectriccars,savefuelandmoney.Andonceallcarsandlighttrucksmeet2025’scleancarstandards,whichmeansaveraging54.5milespergallon,they’llbeamainstay.Forgoodreason:Comparedwiththe2011standards,Americanswillspend$80billionlessatthegasstationeachyearandcuttheiremissionsbyhalf.Beforeyoubuyanewsetofwheels,comparefuel-economyperformance.Rethinkplanes,trains,andcarsChoosingtoliveinwalkablesmart-growthcitiesandtownswithqualitypublictransportationleadstolessdriving,lessmoneyspentonfuel,andlesspollutionintheair.20.Airtransportisamajorsourceofclimatepollution.Ifyoucantakeatraininstead,dothat.

A.SotakeshortershowersB.Driveafuel-efficientcarC.CutdownonyourwaterconsumptioncompletelyD.ItwilltellyouwhicharethemostefficientE.ChangeonlyhappenswhenindividualstakeactionF.Lessfrequentflyingcanmakeabigdifference,tooG.Herearesomeeffectivewayseachoneofuscanmakeadifference第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihatedrivingdownthehighway,watching21ofsmokefrompowerplantsriseintotheclearsky,seeingrubbish22thestreetsinmyneighborhood,catchingmyfriendsthrowingawaytheirplasticbottles23recycling.Infact,Iam24bytheslightestpieceofpaperonthesurfaceofthepondnexttomyhouse.

Attimes,myfriendshavequestionedmyintentions:whyIwantthe25ofourglobe,thepurityofourwater,the26beautyofourplains.Itrytoanswerthemwithaclearanswer,yetattimesIdon’tknowhowto27;seeingrubbishonthefloor,smoke28theskylikeathickblanketfeelssounnaturalforme.OneSaturdaynight,forexample,whenIwaswalkingbackhome,I29apileofbeerbottlesattheentranceofthewoodsnearmyneighborhood.Agroupofdeersteppedintothe30butdidn’tstaylong—theywere31bythestrongsmellofrubbish.Ilookedatthetalltreesfirstandthenatthesettingsun.Therubbishseemedlikesomething32thebeautyofnature.Idecidedtocleanupthepile.Iwentbackhomeandfoundalargeplasticgarbagebag.Iranintothegrassandtriedto33allthebottlesintothesinglebag.FinallyIhadtogobackhometogetanotherbag.Draggingthewastebehindmeonmywaytothecommunitydump,Ithought,IwanttohelptheenvironmentbecauseIwanttoowna34globe.Ihatelitterand35becausethat’sjustwhoIam—sortofanenvironmentalfreak(着迷的人).

21.A.movements B.cloudsC.sights D.signs22.A.turn B.crossC.line D.lead23.A.exceptfor B.becauseofC.alongwith D.insteadof24.A.persuaded B.brokenC.attracted D.angered25.A.cleanliness B.colorfulnessC.safety D.honor26.A.natural B.seasonalC.unexpected D.obvious27.A.return B.replyC.act D.talk28.A.following B.touchingC.covering D.changing29.A.spotted B.collectedC.put D.treated30.A.mess B.pondC.home D.dump31.A.takenup B.setupC.drivenaway D.takenaway32.A.understanding B.showingC.attacking D.destroying33.A.damage B.orderC.destroy D.stuff34.A.lonely B.friendlyC.healthy D.big35.A.trouble B.pollutionC.argument D.danger第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinawasoncetheworld’sbiggestrecipientofoverseastrash.Becauseofa36.__________(short)ofenoughrawmaterials,Chinabeganimportingsolidwastein1980.Therecyclingof37.__________(import)wastehelpedtofillthatgap.RecyclingforeigntrashhassupportthedevelopmentofChina’smanufacturingsectorandfurtherboosteditseconomy.After38.__________(process),garbagecanbeturnedintomaterialsthatcanbeusedtomakeproducts,suchaschairsandbags.However,importingthiswastehasbrought39.__________(many)risksthanbenefits.Wastethatcan’tbe40.__________(proper)usediseitherburnedorburied,41.__________processingrecyclablesalsoleadstorivers,airandlandpollution,aswellas42.__________(vary)diseases.ButfromJan.1,2021,Chinamakesasweepingban43.__________allimportsofsolidwaste.AccordingtoChinaDaily,thebantakingeffectin2021isthefinalstageofpoliciesintroducedin2017,since44.__________,thevolumeofforeignwaste45.__________(fall)by68percent,from42millionto13milliontonsin2019.“Thevictoryofrealizingthegoalofzeroimportsofsolidwasteisinsight,”saidQiuQiwen,fromtheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华,是学校的学生会主席,你校即将开展为期一个月的“环保节”(theEnvironmentalProtectionFestival)活动,请你在学校的英文报上对全体学生发出倡议,号召大家积极参加这个活动。内容包括:1.活动的目的和意义;2.活动的主要内容;3.发出号召。注意:写作词数应为80左右。Dearfellows,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Althoughitwasautumn,thesnowwasalreadybeginningtofallinTibet.Ourlegsweresoheavyandcoldthattheyfeltlikeblocksofice.Haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles?That’swhatwelookedlike!Alongthewaychildrendressedinlongwoolcoatsstoppedtolookatus.Inthelateafternoonwefounditwassocoldthatourwaterbottlesfroze.However,thelakesshonelikeglassinthesettingsunandlookedwonderful.WangWeirodeinfrontofmeasusual.SheisveryreliableandIknewIdidn’tneedtoencourageher.Toclimbthemountainswashardworkbutaswelookedaroundus,weweresurprisedbytheview.Weseemedtobeabletoseeformiles.Atonepointweweresohighthatwefoundourselvescyclingthroughclouds.Thenwebegangoingdownthehills.Itwasgreatfunespeciallyasitgraduallybecamemuchwarmer.Inthevalleyscolorfulbutterfliesflewaroundusandwesawmanyyaksandsheepeatinggreengrass.Atthispointwehadtochangeourcaps,coats,glovesandtrousersforT-shirtsandshorts.Intheearlyeveningwealwaysstoptomakecamp.Weputupatentandthenweate.AftersupperWangWeiputherheaddownonherpillowandwenttosleepbutIstayedawake.Atmidnighttheskybecameclearerandthestarsgrewbrighter.Itwassoquiet.Therewasalmostnowind—onlytheflamesofourfireforcompany.注意:续写词数应为150左右。AsIlaybeneaththestarsIthoughtabouthowfarwehadalreadytraveled.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WewillreachDaliinYunnanProvincesoon,whereourcousinsDaoWeiandYuHangwilljoinus.Wecanhardlywaittoseethem!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)A【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四种新型的环保产品,并详细说明了各种产品的特色。1.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据Pollution-SensitiveDress部分中的第二句“Thepollution-sensitiveEPADressbyStephanieSandstromnoticespollutionintheairaccordingly.斯蒂芬妮·桑德斯托姆设计的对污染敏感的EPA服装相应地注意到了空气中的污染”可知,EPADress这种衣服可以提醒人们外面空气的污染情况。故选D。2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Eco-friendlyCarRacer部分中的第一句“你能想象一辆赛车是如此的环保吗?它的轮胎是用土豆做的,车身是用大麻和菜籽油做的,行驶的燃料是用小麦和甜菜做的。”可知,EcoOne的部件主要是由一些植物做成的。故选C。3.【解析】选A。推理判断题。本文介绍了四种新型的环保产品,并详细说明了各种产品的特色。与“个人博客、健康报告和政府文件”无关,只可能是科学报告。故选A。B【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了Jose创立了一家秘鲁生态银行,向孩子们教授金融和循环利用的故事。4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Attheageofseven,whilehisfriendswerespendingtheirpocketmoneyonunimportantthingslikecandyandtoys,Josewasbusysavingmoneyformorenecessarythings.”可知,Jose比其他孩子突出的点在于可以更明智地管理零花钱。故选C。5.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld’sfirstcooperativebankforkids.”及画线的第三句“Onceaccepted,allbankpartnersarerequiredtobankatleastoneadditionalkilogramofrecyclablesonamonthlybasis.”可知,“allbankpartners”指的是带来可回收垃圾的儿童。故选B。6.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Theyoungster’sdeterminationpaidoff,andby2013,theBartselanaStudentBankhadover200members.”和最后一句“Notsurprisingly,Jose’seffortshaveearnedtheyoungsterseveralnationalandinternationalawards,whichwonhimabout$5,500.”可知,第三段主要通过事例讲述了Jose的努力所得到的回报。故选A。7.【解析】选D。标题归纳题。根据第二段“Foundedin2012,theBartselanaStudentBankistheworld’sfirstcooperativebankforkids.”及最后一段“Thiswaycaringabouttheenvironmentbecomesaninvestment,asystemthatgiveschildrenbotheconomicindependenceandpowertoinfluencetheclimate.”及全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了秘鲁的一家生态银行向孩子们教授金融和循环利用。故选D。C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。印度是世界上空气污染最严重的国家,污染源是砖窑。文章叙述了砖窑对空气污染的副作用并介绍了解决的方法。8.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者想通过第一段中的数字告诉我们“砖窑对空气污染的副作用”。故选B。9.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Asarchitects,weshouldtakeresponsibilityforsomuchairpollution.作为建筑师,我们应该对这么多的空气污染负责。”可以推断出Sidnal是一个负责任的建筑师。故选C。10.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Weareoneofonlyafewcompaniesintheworldtocapturethesecarbonemissionsandturnthemintonewmaterials.”和第四段最后一句“Aswellasbeingsustainable,theproducthasbetterstrengththanconventionalcementtilesduetothecarboncontent,andtherawandrusticfeeladdstotheoverallcharm,”可知,“碳瓦比传统水泥瓦更坚固。”故选A。11.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“CarbonCraftDesigniscurrentlyrisinginvestmentandhopestostartdistributioninEuropethisyear.”可知,CarbonCraftDesign目前正在增加投资,并希望今年开始在欧洲销售。所以Sidnal对“CarbonCraftDesign”持“希望的”态度。故选D。D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是随着人类科技的发展,人们的消费主义对环境的影响越来越大。12.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Impressivepackagingandstoragesuchasrefrigerationisaluxurythatconsumersindevelopedcountriestakeforgranted”可知,令人印象深刻的包装和储存,如冷藏,是一种奢侈品,发达国家的消费者认为这理所当然,所以包装和冷藏很昂贵。故选B。13.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Evenindevelopingcountries,shopsarefastbecomingthemainplacesforconsumers.”可知,即使在发展中国家,商店也正迅速成为消费者的主要消费场所。可推知,发展中国家的露天市场越来越不受欢迎。故选C。14.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Plasticbags,drinkcans,andhamburgercontainersarenowthrownintorubbishpilesalongwithbananaleaveswhichareamoretraditionalformofpackaging.”可知,香蕉叶被扔进了垃圾堆,而香蕉叶是一种更传统的包装形式,可推知香蕉叶很少被用来包装。故选C。15.【解析】选B。标题归纳题。根据第二段“Impressivepackagingandstoragesuchasrefrigerationisaluxurythatconsumersindevelopedcountriestakeforgranted”可知,令人印象深刻的包装和储存,如冷藏,是一种奢侈品,发达国家的消费者认为这理所当然。结合第四段“Commercialpackagingisbecomingasmuchapartofconsumptionindevelopingcountriesasitisindevelopedcountries”商业包装就像它在发达国家一样正在成为发展中国家消费的一部分以及最后一段中“Manypeoplearestartingtonoticetheinfluenceofconsumerismontheenvironment.”可知,是随着人类科技的发展,人们的消费主义对环境的影响越来越大。所以短文的最佳标题为“科技对抗环境”。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些可以减少碳排放的有效方法。16.【解析】选G。根据上文“Byusinglessofit,wecanlimitourowncontributiontoclimatechangewhilealsosavingmoney”结合后文主要提出了一些可以减少碳排放的方法可知,此处指有一些我们每个人都能有所作为的有效方法。故选G。17.【解析】选D。根据上文可知,上文提到在购买冰箱、洗衣机和其他电器时,寻找有“能源之星”标签的商品,故本句承接上文继续说明原因:“能源之星”标签会告诉你哪些电器是效率最高的。D选项中It指代上文theEnergyStarlabel。故D选项“它会告诉你哪些是效率最高的”符合语境,故选D。18.【解析】选A。根据上文可知,本段的建议是节约用水,且本句与后文并列,都是在举例说明生活中节约用水的具体例子,故A选项“所以淋浴时间短一些”符合语境。故选A。19.【解析】选B。根据本段内容“Gas-smartcars,suchashybridsandfullyelectriccars,savefuelandmoney...Beforeyoubuyanewsetofwheels,comparefuel-economyperformance.”可知,本段的建议是驾驶省油型汽车。故B选项“开省油的车”符合语境。故选B。20.【解析】选F。根据后文“Airtransportisamajorsourceofclimatepollution.Ifyoucantakeatraininstead,dothat.”可知,本段的建议是少乘坐飞机,故F选项“不经常乘飞机也会带来很大的不同”符合语境。故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要叙述了在环境保护问题上的行动。21.【解析】选B。根据下文中的“smoke...theskylikeathickblanket”可知,此处指烟囱冒出的烟如同云一样,升入天空。movement运动;cloud云状物;sight视野;sign符号,标志。故选B。22.【解析】选B。根据内容可知,街道上随处可见的四散的垃圾,如同横跨过街道上一样。turn转动,旋转;cross横跨,横过;line沿……形成行(或列、排);lead引领。crossthestreet“横过马路”。故选B。23.【解析】选D。根据上文的“myfriendsthrowingawaytheirplasticbottles”及下文“recycling”可知,我的朋友是扔掉塑料瓶而不是回收。exceptfor除了……之外;becauseof因为;alongwith和……一起;insteadof而不是。故选D。24.【解析】选D。根据下文的“Ihatelitter”可知,我讨厌垃圾,所以此处指看到水面上飘着的纸片我很生气。persuade说服;break破坏,打破;attract吸引;anger生气。故选D。25.【解析】选A。根据下文的“thepurityofourwater”可知,此处指干净的地球。cleanliness干净;colorfulness色彩;safety安全;honor荣誉。故选A。26.【解析】选A。根据上文的“thepurityofourwater”及下文中的“Therubbishseemedlikesomething______thebeautyofnature.”可知,此处指的是平原的自然的美。natural自然的;seasonal季节性的;unexpected意外的;obvious明显的。故选A。

27.【解析】选B。根据上文的“Itrytoanswerthemwithaclearanswer”和“yet”可知,上下文是转折关系,故此处是指我有时不知道如何回答他们。return返回;reply回答;act行动;talk说话。故选B。28.【解析】选C。根据下文的“theskylikeathickblanket”可知,烟像厚厚的毯子一样笼罩着天空,“覆盖”符合语境。follow跟随;touch触摸;cover覆盖;change改变。故选C。29.【解析】选A。根据上文的“whenIwaswalkingbackhome,”及下文的“apileofbeerbottlesattheentranceofthewoodsnearmyneighborhood.”可知,在我走着回家的时候,我看到家附近的树林入口处有一堆啤酒瓶。spot看到;collect收集;put放着;treat对待。故选A。30.【解析】选D。根据下文“bythestrongsmellofrubbish”可知,此处指鹿走进了垃圾堆里。mess凌乱,脏乱;pond池塘;home家;dump垃圾场,废物堆。故选D。31.【解析】选C。根据上文的“butdidn’tstaylong”及下文“bythestrongsmellofrubbish”可知,鹿被垃圾强烈的气味熏走了。takeup占据,从事;setup建立;driveaway使离开,使不愿久留;takeaway带走。故选C。32.【解析】选D。根据上文的“Therubbish”及下文的“thebeautyofnature”可知,此处指垃圾破坏了大自然的美丽。understand理解;show表现;attack袭击;destroy破坏。故选D。33.【解析】选D。根据下文的“allthebottlesintothesinglebag”可知,此处指把所有的瓶子装进一个袋子里。stuffsth.intosth.意为“把某物装进某物里”。damage损害,伤害;order命令;destroy摧毁,毁灭;stuff塞满。故选D。34.【解析】选C。根据上文中“whyIwantthe______ofourglobe,”及“Idecidedtocleanupthepile.”可知,此处指我想保护环境,因为我想有一个健康干净的地球。lonely孤独的;friendly友好的;healthy健康的;big大的。故选C。

35.【解析】选B。根