2024年山东省潍坊市中考英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2024年山东省潍坊市中考英语试卷一、阅读理解阅读下列语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1．（6分）Pete：Goodbook？Debbie：Yeah，itis，andatthesametimeithelpsyoufindoutmoreaboutyourself.Pete：Oh，oneofthose.Ineverreadthatkindofthing.It'snotworthit.Debbie：No，sometimesthey'rereallygood.Thisquestionnaire，forexample.It'saboutyourhiddentalents（才能）.Pete：Hiddentalents？That'sridiculous.Debbie：Well，Pete.Ithinkit'sashamethatyoufeelthatway.Pete：Well，OK.Letmehavealook.Pete：Sorry，Debbie.It'snogood.Debbie：Why？Pete：Itsays，"You'reexcellentatdesignandatmanualthings，"Me!I'mnotexcellentatall.Itjustgoestoshow.Debbie：What？Thatschooldoesn'thelpyoudiscoveryourrealtalent？Pete：No，thatyoucan'tjudge（判断）abookbyitscover.（1）Debbieisreadingabookabouthowto.A.chooseabookB.makeaquestionnaireC.discoverthehiddentalentsD.beexcellentatmanualthings（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ridiculous"inPicture2probablymean？A.Silly.B.Harmful.C.Fantastic.D.Interesting.（3）WhichisTRUEaccordingtotheconversation？A.Peteisgoodatdesign.B.Petethinksthebookuseless.C.Debbiegoestoshowherself.D.Debbiejudgesthebookbyitscover.2．（8分）Flemingsawmanysoldiersdiefrominfections（感染）intheirwoundsasheworkedinahospitalduringWorldWarI.ThismadeFlemingdecidetofindawaytohelpthebodyfightinfections.InSeptember1928，Flemingleftsomeglassdishesonabenchinhislaboratoryfortwoweeks.Whenhecameback，henoticedsomethingpuzzling.Bacteria（细菌）weregrowingonalltheglassdishesexceptone.Onthisdishmould（霉菌）hadstartedtogrow﹣thekindfoundonoldbread.Themouldseemedtobegivingoffsomethingthatstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing.Flemingcalledit"mouldjuice".Hetrieditonotherbacteria，anditkilledthem，too.Flemingbecamewildwithjoyandnameditpenicillin.Unfortunately，Fleming'sbossthoughthewaswastinghistimeanditwasimpossibletokillbacteriaatthattime.Flemingdidafewmoreexperimentswithpenicillin，andhealsowroteaboutitsootherscientistscouldlearnaboutit.However，becausenooneseemedinterestedinhisdiscovery，heforgotaboutpenicillinandstartedtoworkonotherthings.In1939，ErnestChain，ascientist，andhisboss，HowardFlorey，werelookingformedicinesthatcouldkillbacteria.TheydiscoveredFleming'snotesanddecidedtotestpenicillin.In1940，theygavepenicillintosomesickmice，whosurvivedlater.Butthosewhodidn'tgetitdied.Floreydeclared："Itlookslikeamiracle!"By1943，thefinaltestsonhumanswerefinishedsuccessfullyandtheworldhaditsfirstantibiotic（抗生素）medicine.（1）Whydidbacteriastopgrowingononeofthedishes？A.Themouldjuicekilledthem.B.Someoldbreadwasonthedish.C.Therewassomethingspecialinthelab.D.Thedishwasonthebenchfortwoweeks.（2）Fleminghadtogiveuphisstudyonpenicillinbecause.A.somethingelsewasworthdoingB.doingexperimentscostmuchmoneyC.noscientistsshowedaninterestinitD.hisbossdidn'tbelievehisnewdiscovery（3）WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？A.Thediscoveryofpenicillin.B.ThegreatworkofChainandFlorey.C.Thetestsonsickmiceandhumans.D.ThevalueofFleming'snotesaboutpenicillin（4）Whichmightbethebesttitleofthetext？A.ThelifeofFlemingB.ThestoryofErnestChainC.ThescienceoffightinginfectionsD.Thebirthoftheworld'sfirstantibioticmedicine3．（8分）Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，eachstudentwouldbegivenaspecialjobforwhichtheywouldberesponsible（负责任的）forthewholeterm.Rita，aquietandhardworkinggirl，hopedforanexcitingtask，liketakingcareoftheclassplants.Instead，shereceivedasmallboxwithsandandasmallant.Eventhoughtheteacherexplainedthatthistaskwasveryspecial，Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.However，shedecidedtodoherbestwithhernewjob.Shebegantostudyandcarefortheant，learningaboutitshabitat（栖息地）andneeds.Shemadetheboxacomfortablehomefortheant，anditgrewmuchbiggerthananyoneexpected.Rita'seffortscaughttheattentionofherscienceteacherMr.Thompson.Heturnedherworkintoaclassproject，andRitabecametheclassexpert（专家）onants.Herhardworkhelpedthewholeclasslearnaboutantbehaviorandhabitats.Theyevenbuiltasmallantfarmintheclassroomtoobservetheantclosely.Gradually，Rita'sclassmatesbecamemoreandmoreinterestedintheantproject.Theystartedaskingherquestionsandobservingtheant'sbehaviorthemselves.Ritaorganizedapresentationwhereshesharedherfindingswiththewholeschoolduringthesciencefair.Attheendoftheyear，Rita'sclasswasrecognizedasthebestoftheyear.Ritawasaswellpraisedforherhardworkandhowsheturnedasmalltaskintosomethingbig.Ritalearnedthateverytask，nomatterhowsmall，couldmakeabigdifference.Shealsolearnedthatsometimesthemostunexpectedthingscanleadtogreatsuccess.（1）WhatwasRita'sjobthisterm？A.Tolookafterplants.B.Toraiseanant.C.Tobecomeanexpert.D.Tobuildanantfarm.（2）HowdidRitafeelaboutreceivingthetaskatfirst？A.Cool.B.Bored.C.Angry.D.Unhappy.（3）WhatwasthefinalresultofRita'sspecialjob？A.HerclassbecameNo.1oftheyear.B.Shegaveareporttothewholeschool.C.Theclasslearnedmuchknowledgeaboutants.D.Shecaughttheattentionofthescienceteacher.（4）WhatcanwelearnfromRita'sstory？A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Theharderyouwork，theluckieryou'llbe.C.Asmalltaskcouldmakeabigdifference.D.Greatsuccessdependsonthemostunexpectedthings.4．（8分）AfriendadvisesmetosaynomoreoftensoIcanfixmyeyesonwhatmattersmost.Personally，I'veusedhisadvicetogreatadvantage.（1）I'venoticedafewareawherepeoplehesitate（犹豫）tosayyes.Here'swhatIsuggestyousayYESto：Sayyestochallenge（挑战）.（2）Whyaddanymorechallengetoyourlifethanyoualreadyhave？Althoughthereareafewchallengesyoumighthavegoodreasonstosaynoto，sayyestothechallengesthatstretchandgrowyou.MydadhaswiselypointedoutthatImaydobestwheninachallengingsituation.Challengecanbringoutthebestinyou.（3）It'struethattoomuchfuncanbefrivolous（无聊的）.However，insomecases，itisalsoeasytogetsofocusedonourworkthatweforgettoenjoyitandhavefun.Sometimesyoucanhavefun，butyoucanmakethesituationfunbytheattitudeandenergyyoubringtoit.Sayyestoopportunity（机会）.Putyourselfintheplacefullofopportunities.Sometimesopportunityfindsyou，butmoreoftenyouhavetosearchforit.（4）Communicatewithpeoplewhoaremakingthingshappen.Andwhenyoudofindopportunity，don'tpassitbybecauseoflaziness.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Sayyestofun.B.Sayingnoisaskillbutsoissayingyes.C.Joingroupsthatchallengeandencourageyou.D.It'seasytothinkyou'renotabletodealwithit.E.Improvingrelationshipsisalwayssomethinggoodtosayyesto.二、语言知识运用阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。5．（15分）Thereareoverfiftydifferenttypesofplastics.Manyofthemareused（1）packaging（包装）.Mostplasticsdonotbreakdownandalotofthemarenotrecyclable.Whentheyare（2），theycanpollutetheairandmakeitverydangerous.OneofthemostpopularplasticsusedinmakingbottlesiscalledPET.Thiscanberecycled.Plastics（3）PETneedtobelabeledsotheycanbecollectedeasilyforrecycling.InAmerica，PETisrecycledandusedtomake（4）things，suchasflowerpotsandmilkcrates.InGermanysomebottlesaremadefromatypeofplasticwhichbreaksdowninstrong（5）orwhenburied，（6）thisisexpensiveandthebottlesmightbreakwhiletheyarebeingused.Nearlyallthethingsyoubuyfromthesupermarketarewrappedinsomething.（7）fruitandvegetablesarewrappedinplasticorinplasticbags.Whenweusethesethings，weusually（8）thepackaging.Packagingkeepsfood（9）.Itprotectsthefoodandalsogivesusinformationabouttheproduct.Butisitallnecessary？Ifyouaddupallthepackaging，itcomestoalot.Trynottobuythingsthatusealotofplastic.You'dbetter（10）youroldplasticcontainersforkeepingthings.（1）A.atB.onC.toD.for（2）A.burntB.heatedC.boughtD.used（3）A.asB.byC.likeD.with（4）A.dryB.newC.heavyD.natural（5）A.windB.smellC.stormD.sunlight（6）A.OrB.SoC.ButD.And（7）A.YetB.EvenC.StillD.Always（8）A.putupB.pickupC.giveawayD.throwaway（9）A.warmB.clearC.freshD.delicious（10）A.reuseB.returnC.repairD.reduce阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。6．（20分）TheElmoreBankhadjustputinanewsafeandvault（金库）.Mr.Adamswasvery（1）（pride）ofit.Hegladlyexplaineditsworkingstoeveryone.RalphSpencerlistened（2）（polite），butdidnotseemveryinterested.Thetwochildren，MayandAgatha，werevery（3）（excite）toseetheseshiningthings.Atthistime，BenPrice，apolicemanfromLittleRock，walkedinsidethebankhall.Hetoldtheclerkthathewasjustwaitingforamanhe（4）（know）.Suddenlytherewasascream（尖叫）.MaylockedAgathainthevault.Theoldbankercried，"Oh，thedoorcan't（5）（open）.AndtheclockIhadn'tstartedyet."Duringthefollowingsilencetheycouldjusthearthegirlwildly（6）（shout）inthedarkvault."OnlyonemaninLittleRockcanopenthisdoor，"saidMr.Adams."Ralph，thechildcan'tstanditlonginthere.Thereisn'tenoughair，andbesides，she（7）（die）offear.Whatshallwedo？"Ralphthrewoffhiscoatandpulleduphisshirtsleeves.WiththatactRalphSpencerdisappearedandJimmyValentinetook（8）（he）place"Getawayfromthedoor，allofyou，"hesaid.Thenhesethissuitcaseonthefloorandlaidoutallthetools.Intenminutes，breakinghisownburglarious（入室盗窃的）record，heopenedthedoor.Jimmyputonhiscoatandwalkedtowardsthefrontdoor.Abigmanstoodinhisway，"Hello，Ben!"saidJimmy，withastrangesmile."Well，let's（9）（go）."AndthenBenPriceactedratherstrangely."Guessyou'remistaken，sir，"hesaid."Idon'tthinkwe'vemeteachotherbefore.Yourcarriage（10）（wait）foryou，isn'tit？"三、翻译句子用括号内所给的单词或短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。7．（3分）人们常说，众口难调。（it's...；satisfy）8．（3分）自从两千多年前，诗歌就已经是中国文化的一部分了。（beapartof）9．（3分）艾灸（moxibustion）简单、有效（effective），很多人能自己在家做。（so…that.）四、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。10．（16分）Inavillagenearadesertlivedayoungandsuccessfulbusinessman，namedJames.Butheoftenfeltunhappybecauseoftheendlesschallengeshefaced.Oneday，awiseoldmancametothevillagewith100camels.Jameswenttoseehimandsaid，"Ialwayshavebusinessworries，familytroublesandhealthproblems.Pleasetellmehowtomakethemdisappear."Theoldmansmiledandsaid，"I'llgiveyouananswertomorrowmorning.Butfirst，canyoudoasmallthingforme？"Jamesagreed.Theoldmanaskedhimtotakecareofthe100camelsforthenight，makingsurethattheyallsatdownandrestedbeforehecouldgotosleep.Thenextmorning，theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamessaidsadly，"Ididn'tsleepatall.NomatterhowhardItried，Icouldn'tgetallthecamelstosittogether.EvenifImanagedtogetsomecamelstositononeside，afewotherswouldstandontheotherside.""That'strue.Asnoticedlastnight，somecamelssatdownontheirown，whileothersrequiredsomeeffort，andyetmanycamelsdidnotsitevenafterlotsofeffort.Ifyouhadcomebacklater，youwouldhaveseenthatsomeofthecamels，eventhoughtheydidn'tsitatfirst，finallysatdownontheirown，"theoldmansaid.Jamesnodded.Theoldmancontinued，"Problemsarejustlikecamels—someproblemsgetsolvedbythemselves，somegetsolvedwhenyouputinsomeeffort，andsomedonotgetsolvedevenafteryouhavetriedyourbest.Leavesuchproblemstotime.Attherighttime，theseproblemsthemselveswillcometoanend."Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itcompletelychangedthewayhesawlife'schallenges.根据短文内容回答小题。（1）WhatwasJameslike？Hewas，but.（每空一词）（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto？（3）DidJamesfinishthesmallthing？Whydoyouthinkso？（15词以内）（4）TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.（将文中划线句子翻译成汉语）（5）CompletethemindmapaccordingtoParagraph5.（根据第5段内容，完成思维导图；用自己的话概括，照抄原文原句不得分）①②五、写作11．（20分）TeensAroundtheWorld是一个国际青少年交流网站，近日有人发了一个帖子。假设你是李华，请阅读原帖后，结合自己的经历，用英语跟帖。注意：（1）80词左右；（2）不要出现考生本人信息；（3）禁止抄袭本试卷中所有语篇内容。TeensAroundtheWorldSubject：problemsandsolutionsHey，guys!Wehavetofaceallkindsofproblemsinourdailylife.However，differentproblemshavedifferentsolutions.Whatproblemdidyoumeetandhowdidyousolveit？Pleaseshareyourstorywithus.Harry，Australia_____LiHua，China

2024年山东省潍坊市中考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、阅读理解阅读下列语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1．（6分）Pete：Goodbook？Debbie：Yeah，itis，andatthesametimeithelpsyoufindoutmoreaboutyourself.Pete：Oh，oneofthose.Ineverreadthatkindofthing.It'snotworthit.Debbie：No，sometimesthey'rereallygood.Thisquestionnaire，forexample.It'saboutyourhiddentalents（才能）.Pete：Hiddentalents？That'sridiculous.Debbie：Well，Pete.Ithinkit'sashamethatyoufeelthatway.Pete：Well，OK.Letmehavealook.Pete：Sorry，Debbie.It'snogood.Debbie：Why？Pete：Itsays，"You'reexcellentatdesignandatmanualthings，"Me!I'mnotexcellentatall.Itjustgoestoshow.Debbie：What？Thatschooldoesn'thelpyoudiscoveryourrealtalent？Pete：No，thatyoucan'tjudge（判断）abookbyitscover.（1）DebbieisreadingabookabouthowtoC.A.chooseabookB.makeaquestionnaireC.discoverthehiddentalentsD.beexcellentatmanualthings（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ridiculous"inPicture2probablymean？AA.Silly.B.Harmful.C.Fantastic.D.Interesting.（3）WhichisTRUEaccordingtotheconversation？BA.Peteisgoodatdesign.B.Petethinksthebookuseless.C.Debbiegoestoshowherself.D.Debbiejudgesthebookbyitscover.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据andatthesametimeithelpsyoufindoutmoreaboutyourself（同时也能帮助你更好地了解自己），以及后文Thisquestionnaire，forexample.It'saboutyourhiddentalents（才能）（例如，这份调查问卷是关于你隐藏的才能），可知这本书是关于如何发现隐藏才能的书。故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据Debbie的后文回复"Well，Pete.Ithinkit'sashamethatyoufeelthatway（Pete，我觉得你这样想很可惜）"，可知Pete对书的评价是消极的，认为很"愚蠢"，即Silly。B有害的，C很棒的，D有趣的。B，C，D与前后文不符。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据Pete说的"Sorry，Debbie.It'snogood（抱歉，Debbie，这本书不好）"，可知BPetethinksthebookuseless（Pete认为这本书没用）正确。故选B。2．（8分）Flemingsawmanysoldiersdiefrominfections（感染）intheirwoundsasheworkedinahospitalduringWorldWarI.ThismadeFlemingdecidetofindawaytohelpthebodyfightinfections.InSeptember1928，Flemingleftsomeglassdishesonabenchinhislaboratoryfortwoweeks.Whenhecameback，henoticedsomethingpuzzling.Bacteria（细菌）weregrowingonalltheglassdishesexceptone.Onthisdishmould（霉菌）hadstartedtogrow﹣thekindfoundonoldbread.Themouldseemedtobegivingoffsomethingthatstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing.Flemingcalledit"mouldjuice".Hetrieditonotherbacteria，anditkilledthem，too.Flemingbecamewildwithjoyandnameditpenicillin.Unfortunately，Fleming'sbossthoughthewaswastinghistimeanditwasimpossibletokillbacteriaatthattime.Flemingdidafewmoreexperimentswithpenicillin，andhealsowroteaboutitsootherscientistscouldlearnaboutit.However，becausenooneseemedinterestedinhisdiscovery，heforgotaboutpenicillinandstartedtoworkonotherthings.In1939，ErnestChain，ascientist，andhisboss，HowardFlorey，werelookingformedicinesthatcouldkillbacteria.TheydiscoveredFleming'snotesanddecidedtotestpenicillin.In1940，theygavepenicillintosomesickmice，whosurvivedlater.Butthosewhodidn'tgetitdied.Floreydeclared："Itlookslikeamiracle!"By1943，thefinaltestsonhumanswerefinishedsuccessfullyandtheworldhaditsfirstantibiotic（抗生素）medicine.（1）Whydidbacteriastopgrowingononeofthedishes？AA.Themouldjuicekilledthem.B.Someoldbreadwasonthedish.C.Therewassomethingspecialinthelab.D.Thedishwasonthebenchfortwoweeks.（2）FleminghadtogiveuphisstudyonpenicillinbecauseD.A.somethingelsewasworthdoingB.doingexperimentscostmuchmoneyC.noscientistsshowedaninterestinitD.hisbossdidn'tbelievehisnewdiscovery（3）WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？BA.Thediscoveryofpenicillin.B.ThegreatworkofChainandFlorey.C.Thetestsonsickmiceandhumans.D.ThevalueofFleming'snotesaboutpenicillin（4）Whichmightbethebesttitleofthetext？DA.ThelifeofFlemingB.ThestoryofErnestChainC.ThescienceoffightinginfectionsD.Thebirthoftheworld'sfirstantibioticmedicine【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"Themouldseemedtobegivingoffsomethingthatstoppedthebacteriafromgrowing.Flemingcalledit"mouldjuice".Hetrieditonotherbacteria，anditkilledthem，too."（霉菌似乎释放出某种东西，阻止了细菌的生长。弗莱明称之为"霉菌汁"。他把它用在其他细菌身上，结果也杀死了它们。）可知，"霉菌汁"杀死了它们。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第3段"Unfortunately，Fleming'sbossthoughthewaswastinghistimeanditwasimpossibletokillbacteriaatthattime."（不幸的是，弗莱明的老板认为他是在浪费时间，而且当时不可能杀死细菌。）可知，弗莱明的老板不相信他的新发明。故选D。（3）段落大意题。根据第4段"In1939，ErnestChain，ascientist，andhisboss，HowardFlorey，werelookingformedicinesthatcouldkillbacteria.TheydiscoveredFleming'snotesanddecidedtotestpenicillin.In1940，theygavepenicillintosomesickmice，whosurvivedlater.Butthosewhodidn'tgetitdied.Floreydeclared："Itlookslikeamiracle!"By1943，thefinaltestsonhumanswerefinishedsuccessfullyandtheworldhaditsfirstantibiotic（抗生素）medicine."（1939年，科学家欧内斯特•钱恩和他的老板霍华德•弗洛里正在寻找能够杀死细菌的药物。他们发现了弗莱明的笔记，并决定测试青霉素。1940年，他们给一些生病的老鼠注射青霉素，这些老鼠后来活了下来。但那些没有得到它的老鼠就死了。弗洛里宣布："这看起来像个奇迹!"到1943年，最后的人体试验成功完成，世界上第一种抗生素药物问世。）可知，本段主要讲述了欧内斯特•钱恩和他的老板霍华德•弗洛里发现了弗莱明的笔记并决定测试青霉素，最终成功地进行了实验，证明了青霉素的有效性。故选B。（4）标题归纳题。根据第4段"In1939，ErnestChain，ascientist，andhisboss，HowardFlorey，werelookingformedicinesthatcouldkillbacteria.TheydiscoveredFleming'snotesanddecidedtotestpenicillin.In1940，theygavepenicillintosomesickmice，whosurvivedlater.Butthosewhodidn'tgetitdied.Floreydeclared："Itlookslikeamiracle!"By1943，thefinaltestsonhumanswerefinishedsuccessfullyandtheworldhaditsfirstantibiotic（抗生素）medicine."（1939年，科学家欧内斯特•钱恩和他的老板霍华德•弗洛里正在寻找能够杀死细菌的药物。他们发现了弗莱明的笔记，并决定测试青霉素。1940年，他们给一些生病的老鼠注射青霉素，这些老鼠后来活了下来。但那些没有得到它的老鼠就死了。弗洛里宣布："这看起来像个奇迹!"到1943年，最后的人体试验成功完成，世界上第一种抗生素药物问世。）和通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了青霉素的发现和发展过程，最终成为世界上第一种抗生素药物。因此，最合适的标题是"世界上第一种抗生素药物的诞生"。故选D。3．（8分）Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，eachstudentwouldbegivenaspecialjobforwhichtheywouldberesponsible（负责任的）forthewholeterm.Rita，aquietandhardworkinggirl，hopedforanexcitingtask，liketakingcareoftheclassplants.Instead，shereceivedasmallboxwithsandandasmallant.Eventhoughtheteacherexplainedthatthistaskwasveryspecial，Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.However，shedecidedtodoherbestwithhernewjob.Shebegantostudyandcarefortheant，learningaboutitshabitat（栖息地）andneeds.Shemadetheboxacomfortablehomefortheant，anditgrewmuchbiggerthananyoneexpected.Rita'seffortscaughttheattentionofherscienceteacherMr.Thompson.Heturnedherworkintoaclassproject，andRitabecametheclassexpert（专家）onants.Herhardworkhelpedthewholeclasslearnaboutantbehaviorandhabitats.Theyevenbuiltasmallantfarmintheclassroomtoobservetheantclosely.Gradually，Rita'sclassmatesbecamemoreandmoreinterestedintheantproject.Theystartedaskingherquestionsandobservingtheant'sbehaviorthemselves.Ritaorganizedapresentationwhereshesharedherfindingswiththewholeschoolduringthesciencefair.Attheendoftheyear，Rita'sclasswasrecognizedasthebestoftheyear.Ritawasaswellpraisedforherhardworkandhowsheturnedasmalltaskintosomethingbig.Ritalearnedthateverytask，nomatterhowsmall，couldmakeabigdifference.Shealsolearnedthatsometimesthemostunexpectedthingscanleadtogreatsuccess.（1）WhatwasRita'sjobthisterm？BA.Tolookafterplants.B.Toraiseanant.C.Tobecomeanexpert.D.Tobuildanantfarm.（2）HowdidRitafeelaboutreceivingthetaskatfirst？DA.Cool.B.Bored.C.Angry.D.Unhappy.（3）WhatwasthefinalresultofRita'sspecialjob？AA.HerclassbecameNo.1oftheyear.B.Shegaveareporttothewholeschool.C.Theclasslearnedmuchknowledgeaboutants.D.Shecaughttheattentionofthescienceteacher.（4）WhatcanwelearnfromRita'sstory？CA.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Theharderyouwork，theluckieryou'llbe.C.Asmalltaskcouldmakeabigdifference.D.Greatsuccessdependsonthemostunexpectedthings.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"Instead，shereceivedasmallboxwithsandandasmallant."（相反，她收到了一个小盒子，里面装着沙子和一只小蚂蚁。）可知，Rita的特殊工作是照顾小蚂蚁。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"Eventhoughtheteacherexplainedthatthistaskwasveryspecial，Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed."（尽管老师解释说这个任务很特别，Rita还是忍不住感到失望。）可知，Rita一开始接到任务时感到不开心。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第5段"Attheendoftheyear，Rita'sclasswasrecognizedasthebestoftheyear."（年底，Rita的班级被认为是本年度最好的班级。）可知，Rita的班级被评为年度最佳班级，这是她特殊任务的最终结果。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据第5段"Ritalearnedthateverytask，nomatterhowsmall，couldmakeabigdifference.Shealsolearnedthatsometimesthemostunexpectedthingscanleadtogreatsuccess."（Rita认识到，每一项任务，无论多么小，都可能产生巨大的影响。她还了解到，有时候最意想不到的事情也能带来巨大的成功。）可知，一个小任务可以产生很大的影响。故选C。4．（8分）AfriendadvisesmetosaynomoreoftensoIcanfixmyeyesonwhatmattersmost.Personally，I'veusedhisadvicetogreatadvantage.（1）BI'venoticedafewareawherepeoplehesitate（犹豫）tosayyes.Here'swhatIsuggestyousayYESto：Sayyestochallenge（挑战）.（2）CWhyaddanymorechallengetoyourlifethanyoualreadyhave？Althoughthereareafewchallengesyoumighthavegoodreasonstosaynoto，sayyestothechallengesthatstretchandgrowyou.MydadhaswiselypointedoutthatImaydobestwheninachallengingsituation.Challengecanbringoutthebestinyou.（3）AIt'struethattoomuchfuncanbefrivolous（无聊的）.However，insomecases，itisalsoeasytogetsofocusedonourworkthatweforgettoenjoyitandhavefun.Sometimesyoucanhavefun，butyoucanmakethesituationfunbytheattitudeandenergyyoubringtoit.Sayyestoopportunity（机会）.Putyourselfintheplacefullofopportunities.Sometimesopportunityfindsyou，butmoreoftenyouhavetosearchforit.（4）ECommunicatewithpeoplewhoaremakingthingshappen.Andwhenyoudofindopportunity，don'tpassitbybecauseoflaziness.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。A.Sayyestofun.B.Sayingnoisaskillbutsoissayingyes.C.Joingroupsthatchallengeandencourageyou.D.It'seasytothinkyou'renotabletodealwithit.E.Improvingrelationshipsisalwayssomethinggoodtosayyesto.【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文AfriendadvisesmetosaynomoreoftensoIcanfixmyeyesonwhatmattersmost.（一位朋友建议我多说"不"，这样我就能专注于最重要的事情。）可知此句提到了多说"不"，故"说"不"是一种技巧，但说"是"也是一种技巧"符合语境，故选B。（2）细节推理题。根据上文Sayyestochallenge（挑战）.（对挑战说是。）可知此句提到了挑战，故"加入挑战和鼓励你的团体"符合语境，故选C。（3）细节推理题。根据下文It'struethattoomuchfuncanbefrivolous（无聊的）.（诚然，太多的乐趣可能是无聊的。）可知此句提到了乐趣，故"对乐趣说是"符合语境，故选A。（4）细节推理题。根据下文Communicatewithpeoplewhoaremakingthingshappen.（与那些让事情发生的人沟通。）可知此句提到了与人沟通，故"改善关系总是一件好事"符合语境，故选E。二、语言知识运用阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。5．（15分）Thereareoverfiftydifferenttypesofplastics.Manyofthemareused（1）Dpackaging（包装）.Mostplasticsdonotbreakdownandalotofthemarenotrecyclable.Whentheyare（2）A，theycanpollutetheairandmakeitverydangerous.OneofthemostpopularplasticsusedinmakingbottlesiscalledPET.Thiscanberecycled.Plastics（3）CPETneedtobelabeledsotheycanbecollectedeasilyforrecycling.InAmerica，PETisrecycledandusedtomake（4）Bthings，suchasflowerpotsandmilkcrates.InGermanysomebottlesaremadefromatypeofplasticwhichbreaksdowninstrong（5）Dorwhenburied，（6）Cthisisexpensiveandthebottlesmightbreakwhiletheyarebeingused.Nearlyallthethingsyoubuyfromthesupermarketarewrappedinsomething.（7）Bfruitandvegetablesarewrappedinplasticorinplasticbags.Whenweusethesethings，weusually（8）Dthepackaging.Packagingkeepsfood（9）C.Itprotectsthefoodandalsogivesusinformationabouttheproduct.Butisitallnecessary？Ifyouaddupallthepackaging，itcomestoalot.Trynottobuythingsthatusealotofplastic.You'dbetter（10）Ayouroldplasticcontainersforkeepingthings.（1）A.atB.onC.toD.for（2）A.burntB.heatedC.boughtD.used（3）A.asB.byC.likeD.with（4）A.dryB.newC.heavyD.natural（5）A.windB.smellC.stormD.sunlight（6）A.OrB.SoC.ButD.And（7）A.YetB.EvenC.StillD.Always（8）A.putupB.pickupC.giveawayD.throwaway（9）A.warmB.clearC.freshD.delicious（10）A.reuseB.returnC.repairD.reduce【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：他们很多都用来包装。A在，B在...上面，C朝，向。结合空缺处，可知需要用固定搭配beusedfordoingsth，表示"被用来做某事"，即用for。故选D。（2）考查动词。句意：大多数塑料不会分解，而且很多塑料不可回收。当它们被烧毁时，它们会污染空气，使空气变得非常危险。A燃烧，B加热，C买，D用。结合后文theycanpollutetheair（它们会污染空气），可知是当塑料被燃烧时，用动词burn，结合空缺处，需要用被动语态，结构是bedone，所以用burn的过去分词，即burnt。故选A。（3）考查介词。句意：用来做瓶子的最受欢迎之一的塑料叫做PET，它可以被回收利用。像PET这样的塑料需要贴上标签，这样就可以很容易地收集起来进行回收利用。A作为，B在...旁边，C像，D和。结合空缺处，可知它和后面的PET都是修饰前面的Plastics，需要用一个介词，表示"像"，即like。故选C。（4）考查形容词。句意：在美国，PET被回收并用于制造新的东西，如花盆和牛奶箱。A干的，B新的，C重的，D自然的。根据后文suchasflowerpotsandmilkcrates（如花盆和牛奶箱），可知PET回收后可以用于创造"新的"东西，即用new，故选B。（5）考查名词。句意：在德国，有些瓶子是由一种塑料制成的，这种塑料在强烈的阳光下或者埋在地下时会分解，但是这种塑料很贵，而且在使用时瓶子可能会破裂。A风，B味道，C暴风雨，D阳光。根据后文提到whenburied（当埋在地下时候），thisisexpensive（这种塑料很贵），可知它是在强烈的阳光下或者埋在地下时会分解，用sunlight。故选D。（6）考查连词。句意：在德国，有些瓶子是由一种塑料制成的，这种塑料在强烈的阳光下或者埋在地下时会分解，但是这种塑料很贵，而且在使用时瓶子可能会破裂。A或者，B因此，C但是，D和。前文提到breaksdowninstrongsunlightorwhenburied（这种塑料在强烈的阳光下或者埋在地下时会分解），结合后文thisisexpensiveandthebottlesmightbreakwhiletheyarebeingused.（它很贵而且在使用时瓶子可能会破裂），可知需要一个连词，表示转折，用but，故选C。（7）考查副词。句意：几乎你从超市买的所有东西都包在某种东西里。甚至水果和蔬菜也用塑料袋或塑料袋包装。A还，B甚至，C仍然，D一直。结合空缺处及其语境，可知需要用一个副词，表示"甚至"，用even。故选B。（8）考查动词短语。句意：当我们使用这些东西，我们通常会扔掉包装。A张贴，B接人，C捐赠，D扔掉。结合空缺处与语境，可知需要用固定的动词短语throwaway，表示"扔掉"。故选D。（10）考查形容词。句意：包装让食物保持新鲜。A温暖的，B清晰的，C新鲜的，D美味的。结合后文Itprotectsthefood（它保护了食物），可知空缺处需要一个形容词，表示"新鲜的"，用fresh。故选C。（10）考查动词。句意：你最好重新利用你的旧塑料容器来保存东西。A重复使用，B返还，C修理，D减少。根据前文Trynottobuythingsthatusealotofplastic（尽量不要去买那些要用很多塑料袋的东西），可知空缺处需要一个动词，表示"重复使用"，即用reuse。故选A。阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。6．（20分）TheElmoreBankhadjustputinanewsafeandvault（金库）.Mr.Adamswasvery（1）proud（pride）ofit.He