期末复习2024-2025学年人教版高二英语第一学期期末复习卷（含答案）

期末复习卷2024-2025学年人教版高二英语第一学期期末复习卷（含答案）试卷满分：120分第一部分阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALet’sexplorethesplendidbotanicgardensoftheworld.RoyalBotanicGarden,London,EnglandTheRoyalBotanicGardenisthoughttobethelargestoneintheworld,a121-hectaresiteontheedgeofLondon,hometotheworld’sbiggestcollectionoflivingplantsandmorethan8.5millionpreservedplantspecimens(标本).ItsmissionistoprotectplantsforthefutureofalllifeonEarth.DesignedbyartistWolfgangButtress,itfeaturesathousandLEDsthatlightupandcreateamusicalpiece!JardimBotanicodoRiodeJaneiro,BrazilThegardenstandsasasymbolofBrazil’srichdiversityofwildlife,containingover6,000speciesoftropicalplantsandtrees.40percentofthesiteisfarmed;therestisAtlanticForestspreadingupthemountains.ItishometoCapuchinmonkeys,alongwithover140speciesofbirds,includingtoucansandwhite-neckedhawks.JardindesPlantesdeMontpellier,FranceThegardenwasoriginallyintendedforthemedicaleducationofstudentdoctors.Lostandremademorethanonceoverthecenturies,itdoesnotreducetheimportanceofeitherthesiteorthevisionofthosewhohavecreatedit,stillfaithfultoitsearlypurposeasateachinggarden.KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden,SouthAfricaItscollectionofmorethan7,000speciesmainlyconsistsoflocalplantsinsouthernAfrica.FamousforitsProteaGarden,italsohasaMedicinalGarden,focusingonAfricanandnativeusesofplants.Today,thegarden’sprimaryconcernisto“defendtheexploration,conservationandappreciationofSouthAfrica’sexceptionallyrichbiodiversityforallSouthAfricans.”1．WhatmakestheRoyalBotanicGardensstandout?A．Itsfounder. B．Itslocation. C．Itslargesize. D．Itslonghistory.2．Whichgardenwouldyouvisitifyouareinterestedinanimals?A．RoyalBotanicGarden. B．JardimBotanicodoRiodeJaneiro.C．JardindesPlantesdeMontpellier. D．KirstenboschNationalBotanicalGarden.3．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainthescienceofgrowingplants.B．Todiscussthehistoryofbotanicalgardens.C．Todisplayfeaturesoffamousbotanicalgardens.D．Todescribethearchitectureofgardenbuildings.BThenewe-skinimprovestasksrequiringaccuracyandforcecontrol,overcomingabigchallengeinadvancingtechnology.Unliketraditionale-skins,thisnewe-skinstaysaccurateevenwhenitstretches.“Muchlikehumanskinhastostretchandbendaswemove,sodoese-skin,”explainsNanshuLu,aprofessorintheCockrellSchool.ThebreakthroughliesinaninnovativehybridresponsepressuresensorthatLuandherpartnershavedevelopedoveryears.Luseesthestretchablee-skinasanimportantpartofarobothandthatcanmirrorthesoftnessandsensitivityofahumanhand.Thisnewe-skintechnologysensespressurefromcontact,lettingtheattachedmachineknowhowmuchforcetouseto,forexample,holdacuportouchaperson.Indemonstrations,thenewe-skinallowedtherobothandtoadapttovarioussensitivetasks,suchasaccuratelymeasuringhumanpulse(脉搏)andpulsewaves,securelyholdingobjectswithoutdroppingthemandevenhandlingunexpecteditemslikecoinsinsideaglassorpressingonapotatochipwithoutbreakingit.Luandherteamarecurrentlyexploringpotentialapplications,includingpartneringtobuildaroboticarmequippedwiththee-skintechnology.Theyhavealsoappliedforabasicpatentforthee-skin,indicatingitspotentialforbusinessuse.Inaworldwheretheagingpopulationexceeds(超过)thenumberofcaregivers,theneedforefficientandgentlecaresolutionsisnecessary.Lubelievesrobotsequippedwithadvancedtechnologieslikethestretchablee-skincouldplayavitalroleindealingwiththisglobalchallenge.Beyondmedicine,human-caringrobotscouldbeusedindisasters.Theycouldsearchforinjuredandtrappedpeopleinanearthquakeoracollapsedbuilding.Fromhealthcaretodisasterresponse,thepotentialissignificant.Withfurtherdevelopmentandcooperationwithroboticscompanies,Luhopestoseethise-skintechnologymakeitswaytothemarket,markingthebeginningofaneweraofhuman-robotinteractionandcare.4．Whatadvantagedoesthenewe-skinhaveovertraditionale-skins?A．Itkeepsaccurateevenwhenstretching. B．Itenablesrobotstomoveatafastspeed.C．Itallowsrobothandstobendintoallshapes. D．Ithelpsrobothandscontrolwithlessforce.5．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thewideapplicationsofthenewe-skin.B．Theimportantdevelopmentofthenewe-skin.C．Themajorchallengeofthepressuresensor.D．Thestrongfunctionofthepressuresensor.6．Whatcanrobotswiththenewe-skindofortheglobalchallengeofagingpopulation?A．Reducehealthcarecosts. B．Limitglobalbusinessuse.C．Replacehumancaregivers. D．Improvemedicalcareefficiency.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureofthenewe-skin?A．Doubtful. B．Unclear C．Positive. D．Disapproving.CFor78-year-oldWangGaiying,theremoteancientbuildinginGaoping,ShanxiProvince,isnotonlyahiddenarchitecturaltreasurebutalsoherhomeforthepast58years.Its24vividlydetailedstatueshavebecomepopularonlinerecently.Withthemainhallbuiltin1168,thestructurewasrepairedandexpandedduringtheMingandQingDynasties(1368-1911).Thankstoitsrecentpopularity,theonce-damagedbuildingwasrestoredandopenedtothepubliconAug.24.Nowmanypeoplecometoadmireiteveryday.Asmorepeoplevisit,Wang’sdevotiontopreservingthestructurehasgoneviralandhitnationalheadlines,givingalotofpublicitytothesecaretakersofthecountry’sculturalheritage.WhatmakesWangstandoutisthatherfamilyhasbeenguardingthebuildingforfourgenerations-cleaningit,keepingpeoplefromenteringandpreventingtheft.Sincegettingmarriedat20,Wangbeganassistinghermother-in-lawwhobecametheguardianofthebuildinginthe1950s.Whenshepassedawayin1988,Wangtookovertheresponsibility.Withthepassingyears,ithasbeenachallengeforhertopreservethestructure.Afterdiscussionswithherdaughterandherson-in-law,thecouplemovedfromtheirnearbyhometothebuildingtohelpWangGaiying.Justaspromised,herdaughtertookontheroleofpart-timetourguideaftergraduatingfromcollege,joininghergrandmotherandmotherinsafeguardingit.InsomeancientbuildingsthatarenotopentothepublicinthequietmountainsandcountrysideofShanxi,morethan3,000grassrootsprotectorslikeWangGaiyingcarefortheserarelyknownancientstructures.Thelocalscallthemculturekeepers,whowatchoverthestructuresdayandnight.Likeunsungheroes,theyhavebeenpreservingthepastandensuringthattheculturaltreasuresofShanxiareprotectedforfuturegenerations.8．Whatcanwelearnabouttheancientbuilding?A．Ithasbeenopentothepublicsince1168.B．ItwasfirstbuiltintheMingDynasty.C．Itislocatedinafarawayregion.D．Ithasbeenwellmaintainedthroughoutitshistory.9．WhatmakesWang’sworkuniqueaccordingtothepassage?A．Herfamily’sjointefforts. B．Herselflessdevotion.C．Herhardwork. D．Herearlier-onparticipation.10．WhatisthefocusofWang’swork?A．Toguidethevisitors. B．Toattractmorevisitors.C．Topreservethestructure. D．Tomakeitknowntothepublic.11．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheculturekeepers?A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Unclear.DInthevastanddiverseworldofanimals,thereexistsoddgesturesthatoftenleaveushumanspuzzledandamazed.Thesegestures,whichmayseemstrangeorunusualtous,areactuallyfascinatingglimpsesintotheuniquebehaviorsandcommunicationstylesofourpets.Animalswantourattention,andsometimesthey’requiteobviousaboutaskingforit.Oddgestureareoftenourpets’wayoftellingustostopwhatwe’redoingandplaywiththem.It’swhyFidoconstantlyfollowshistailandwhyKittykeepsrollingaround.Anextremelyboredpetmaychoose“bad”behaviorstocauseareaction!Sure,yourdoglovesyou,butthat’snotwhyhe’slicking(舔)yourface.Alittledoglearnstolickhismother’smouthtoobtainalittlefood,soSpotisn’tkissingyouinoursenseoftheword;hejustwantsasnack.Catownersalsomisinterprettheirpets’kisses.Whileacatmightlickyoutoshowlove,sometimesshe’lldoittocomfortherself.Onewaytotellifherlickingisstress-relatediswhetheritgoesonforalongperiodoftime.Atsomepointyou’veprobablytoldthesewordstosomeonewhomadeyouangry.Dogsthinksimilarly,avoidingeyecontactwithanyonewhoinjurestheirfeelings.Anothersignofanger:yawning(打哈欠).Ayawningdogmaynotbetiredbutanxious,notboredbutstressed.Similarly,lip-licking—whenthereisn’tfoodaroundtobringaboutit—isanothersignofthreat.Youmightthinkyourdogisrunningaroundthebackyard,havingthetimeofhislifewhileyou’reaway.Buttherealityisthathe’smostlikelyjustsittinginonespotforhours,waitingforyoutoreturnwithanxiety.Dogsactuallyprefertobeinside,ideallywiththeirowners.12．Ifadogintendstoeatfood,whichactionwillittake?A．Itstretchesitslegs,yawning.B．Itmakesaneyecontactwithitsowner.C．Itlicksitsowner’sfacewithasofttongue.D．Itrunsaroundthebackyard,followingitstail.13．Whatdowelearnaboutthegestureifacatconstantlykissesitself?A．Itfeelsamused. B．Itfeelsstressed.C．Itfeelsangry. D．Itfeelstired.14．Whenthedogsitsforalongtimewithoutmoving，itreveals________.A．thedogiseagerlyawaitingyourreturn B．thedogdisplaysasignoftirednessC．thedogisextremelyboredtoplaywithyou D．thedogdisplaysasignofembarrassment15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Pets:LovelyAnimals B．Dogs:OddgesturesC．WhatYourPetIsTryingtoTellYou D．WhatShouldWeDoWithOurPets第二节七选五(根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。).Althoughmostemptyplasticbottlesarethrown,thereareactuallymanyotherwaysyoucanreusethemotherthandrinking.16.Herearesomeinterestingtipstousewithemptyplasticbottles.CutoffthebiscuitsWhenmakingbiscuits,didyoujustrealizeyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.Firstcutthebottleintohalf.17.SeparateeggsDoyoufinditchallengingtoseparateeggs?18.Breaktheeggsintoabowl.Removethelid,pressthebottle,puttheendsintotheeggyolk(蛋黄)andstopthepressure.Thisway,theeggyolkwillbetakenintothebottlewhiletheeggwhitewillremainontheplate.Inthisway,separatingeggsisn’tachallengingproblem.19Wanttoremovefliesinyourgardensafely?Useplasticbottles.Cutthebottleintohalfandplaceasweetsyrup(糖浆)atthebottom.Thenplacethetopinthebottomsothatthebottlemouthfacesdown.Theflywillbeattractedtothesmellandflyintothebottlehole.Onceinthebottle,theflywillclimbthroughanarrowopeningwithoutthinkingabouthowtogetoutandeventuallydies.AirconditionerSometimes,thefanremoveshotairanddoesnotcooltheroombutnowwehaveasolution!20Then,placethebottlewithiceonthefloorforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthebottlewithicecausesthetemperaturetobelower.A．ThetrapB．TheharmoffliesC．PourthewateroutfromthelargebottlesD．YoucansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottlesE．FilltwolargebottleswithwaterandturnintoiceF．AndthenyoujusttakeoneoftwopartstocutthecookiesG．Theyallowyoutorecyclecreativelyforavarietyofpurposes第二部分语言知识运用(共30分)一、完形填空阅读短文并选出最佳选项。(每小题1分，共15分)FarmingandGardeningAgriculturehasalonghistoryinChina.Muchofthewisdom21byearlyChinesescientistsisstillusefulforfarmersandgardenerstoday.OneofChina'searlyagriculturalscientistswasJiaSixie,wholivedinthesixthcenturyAD．Hespenthistimedoing22intoagriculture.Hecollectedinformation,didexperimentsandlearntfromthe23offarmers.Around540AD,hewroteabookcalledQiminYaoshu.Thebookisaboutbothfarmingand24.Itincludesadviceonthefollowing25：growinggreenvegetablesandfruittrees,andkeepinganimals.JiaSixie'sbookisapracticalguideforfarming.Firstly,asafarmeryoushoulddothingsattherighttimeoftheyear.Ifyousowseedsand26youngplantsinthefieldsatthecorrecttimeoftheyear,yourworkwillbelessand27willbebetter.The28ofthesoilisalsoveryimportant.Examinethesoilonyourfarm29.Iftheconditionofyoursoilisnotgood,youshouldimproveit.Beforesowingorplantingcrops,youmustcleanroughgroundand30weeds.Thebestharvestisreachedwhenfarmers31thecropsintheirfields.Forexample,donotplantrice32inthesamefield.Butifyouplantriceinafieldoneyearandwheatinthefieldthenextyear,youwill33goodcrops.Otherscientistssaidthatwheatshouldbeplantedwith34betweentheplants,butJiadidexperimentsand35thatplantingwheatclosetogetherwasbetter.,21．A．discovered B．recovered C．reported D．repeated22．A．search B．research C．experiment D．statistics23．A．adventures B．advantages C．tradition D．experience24．A．nursing B．gardening C．produce D．trade25．A．programs B．topics C．subjects D．events26．A．drop B．increase C．grow D．throw27．A．dreams B．ending C．hopes D．results28．A．application B．situation C．condition D．addition29．A．successfully B．carefully C．gradually D．frequently30．A．remove B．disturb C．kill D．reduce31．A．keep B．improve C．manage D．change32．A．oneafteranotherB．hereandthere C．nowandthen D．yearafteryear33．A．win B．collect C．harvest D．export34．A．holes B．lines C．space D．balance35．A．showed B．meant C．intended D．decided二、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YuanLongping,36(develop)ofhybridrice(杂交水稻),died37May22nd,aged91.Hewaswanderinginarice-fieldofdreams.Theplantsweretallerthanaman,andeachgrainwasasbigasapeanut(花生).Afterwalkingawhilehelaydownintheleaf-shade,quite38(hide).ThenYuanLongpingwokeup,laughing.ThericeplantshehadtendedfordecadesatAnjiangandthenChangshainHunanProvince,sowingandraisingthem,visitingdailyonhismotorbike39(inspect)them,werenotquitethereyet.Buttheystilldeservedtheirnameofsuperrice.Theleaveswerestraighterandtallerthanordinary,andthegrainslarger.Theyhadalltheadvantagesofthewildspecies40heandhisteamhadfoundinHainanin1970andhadcross-bred(使杂交),overcarefulyears,withthedomesticatedvariety.Somethoughthewaswastinghistime,41hebelievedthatcross-breedingwas42(universe)andalwaysmadetheoffspringstronger.Thefigures43(speak)forthemselves.Withhisnewhybridricetheannualproductionwas20-30%higher.Thismeantthatatleast60mmorepeoplecould44(feed)everyyear.China’sricecrophadrisenfrom57mtonnesin1950to195mtonnesin2017;fromfoodshortagetofoodsecurity.Andhiseffortsalsobenefitedtheworld.Afifthofallricegrown45(global)nowcomesfromhybridsthatwerehis.第三部分基础知识(共10分)短语填空award...to;leadto;diefrom;commit...to;graduatefrom;bychance;morethan;insiston;accordingto;otherthan46．Ithinkitisvitalthatthecompanythehighprice.47．Theoldmanwantedtoseenobodyhisgrandson.48．Eatingtoomuchfatcanheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.49．IwillmyselftheeducationcauseinChina.50．thecha