高一须掌握的非谓语动词知识点(完美版)

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词的使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时不定式（to+do）主语表语不定式宾语宾语补足语定语状语主语：TostudyEnglishwellisdifficult.=ItisdifficulttostudyEnglishwell.动词不定式作主语时，常用it做形式主语如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者，则有两种情况：It后形容词为easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等修饰todo这个动作的或词组agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。Itis+形容词+forsb+不定式短语。Itisrightforrichpeopletohelppoorpeople.如果表语是kind,nice,clever,wise,foolish,careless等描述动作执行者的性格品质的形容词时,则句型结构为:Itis+形容词+ofsb.+不定式短语。It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmymath.表语：Hisjobistocleantheclassroom.宾语：下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语：agree;choose;fail;intend;learn;manage;offer;plan;pretend;promise;prefer;refuse;．want,arrange,,hesitate(犹豫),determine,decide,attempt,hope,wish,expect,,long,hate等。④宾补：下列这些词后常跟todo补足语：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,persuade,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,invite，allow,advise,call,enable,get,have(有）,invite,teach,有些动词与不带to的不定式连用（但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to）一感(feel)二听(hear,listento)三让(let,have,make)四观看(see,observe,watch,lookat)⑤定语⑥状语表示行为的目的、结果、原因、独立成分等不定式的形式

主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动名词主语表语动名词宾语定语主语：Learnnewwordsisveryimportantforme.特殊用法:用it做形式主语Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.用动名词的句型：It+is+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间Itisnogood/usedoing做……是没用处的Thereisnousedoing干……没有用Thereisnodoing做…是不可能的Thereisnosense(in)doing做……没有道理Thereisnopoint(in)doing干……无意义itisfundoing做…是高兴的havedifficulty\trouble\problem\funindoinghaveagoodtime\ahardtime+(in)doing.bebusydoingondoingthereis/wasnoneedtodo做….没必要表语：Hishobbyispainting.③定语置于名词前，说明所修饰词的性质以及用途，具有名词性质。aswimmingpool=apoolforswimmingdrinkingwater=waterfordrinking宾语1、只接动名词作宾语的动词和词组advise,admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,mind,miss,keep,permit,practise,risk,suggest,beworthdoing,feellike,setabout,giveupdevote…todoing,lookforwardto,insiston,2、接不定式和动名词做宾语有区别的短语goondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来开始做别的事rememberdoing记着做过了某事remembertodo记着要去做某事forgetdoing忘记做过某事forgettodo忘记要去做某事regretdoing后悔做过某事regrettosay/tell/announce/inform对即将要做的事表示遗憾trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事meandoing意味着meantodo打算做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事like/love/hatedoing经常的行为like/love/hatetodo具体的一次行为3、AFu'sCap（阿福的帽子）阿福的帽子，代表七动词，宾补不定式，宾语动名词advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,+doingallow,permit+sbtodoWedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon‘tallowanybodytosmokehere4、某物需要被做need/require/want/deserve(值得)+doing/tobedoneThewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．动名词形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone三、分词现在分词的时态和语态同动名词过去分词一般只有一种形式：done1、作表语(与动名词的区别）2、作宾补（能跟现在分词作宾补的动词）现在分词3、作定语（与动名词的区别）4、作状语1、作主语2、作表语(与现在分词的区别）3、作宾语（能跟动名词作宾语的动词）动名词4、作定语（与现在分词的区别）①作表语1）动名词Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.（2）现在分词Theplayisexciting.≠Excitingistheplay.Thestoryhetolduswasveryinteresting.≠Interestingwasthestoryhetoldus.②做宾补：能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词：lookat、see、watch