2024-2025学年江西省高一上学期多校联考期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省2024-2025学年高一上学期多校联考期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATravellingbyTraminEdinburghTakethetram(有轨电车),andwindyourwayfromthecitycentreallthewaytotheareaofLeith.PicardyPlaceStartatthetramstopatPicardyPlace,aremodelledpublicoutdoorsquareatthetopofLeithWalk.LookoutforthestatueofSherlockHolmes,andhavealookattheareawhereSirArthurConanDoyle,authorofthefictionaldetective’sadventures,wasborn.Ifit’saclearday,walktoCaltonHillforaviewoftheroutedowntoLeithandtheFirthofForth,aswellascityhighlightsincludingArthur’sSeat,thePalaceofHolyroodhouseandEdinburghCastle.TheFootoftheWalkGetoffthetramhere,onthenorthernreachesofLeithWalk,andexploretheleafygroundsofLeithLinks,originallydesignedasagolfcourseandnowapublicpark.MakeaplantoreturntotheareaatsundowntocheckoutLeithDepot,amuch-lovedartsandcultureplace.Aswellasofferinggreat-valuefoodanddrinks,itstageslivemusicandclubnights,includingamonthlyresidencybyawell-knownradioDJ.NewhavenThejourneycomestoanendwiththeseasaltintheairandthesoundofseabirdsoverhead.NowanareaofEdinburgh,thehistoricharbourwasonceanindependentfishingvillage,andshellfishboatscanstillbeseenmovingonitswaters.TryfishandchipsfromTheFishmarket,ortakeshellfishatLochFyne.21.WhatcantouristsvisitatPicardyPlaceduringthistour?A.TheoutdoorgolfcourseofLeith.B.ThestatueofSirArthurConanDoyle.C.ThebirthplaceofSirArthurConanDoyle.D.ThemusicclubofthePalaceofHolyroodhouse.22.Whichofthefollowingcanattractartistsmost?A.LeithLinks. B.LeithDepot. C.Arthur’sSeat. D.EdinburghCastle.23.WhatdoweknowaboutNewhaven?A.Itusedtobeasaltmarket. B.Itusedtobeafishingvillage.C.Itiswell-knownasapublicpark. D.Itiswell-knownasaradiostation.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡的交通情况，为计划访问该城市的游客提供了实用的交通指南。【21题详析】细节理解题。由文章PicardyPlace部分中“LookoutforthestatueofSherlockHolmes,andhavealookattheareawhereSirArthurConanDoyle,authorofthefictionaldetective’sadventures,wasborn.(留意SherlockHolmes的雕像，看看这位虚构侦探冒险故事的作者ArthurConanDoyle出生的地方)”可知，游客可以在这里参观ArthurConanDoyle出生的地方。故选C。【22题详析】推理判断题。由文章TheFootoftheWalk部分中“MakeaplantoreturntotheareaatsundowntocheckoutLeithDepot,amuch-lovedartsandcultureplace.(计划在日落时返回这个区域，参观LeithDepot，这是一个深受喜爱的艺术文化场所)”可知，LeithDepot是一个深受喜爱的艺术和文化场所，因此它最能吸引艺术家。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“NowanareaofEdinburgh,thehistoricharbourwasonceanindependentfishingvillage,andshellfishboatscanstillbeseenmovingonitswaters.(这个历史悠久的港口现在是Edinburgh的一部分，曾经是一个独立的渔村，现在仍然可以看到贝类船在它的水域上行驶)”可知，Newhaven曾经是一个独立的渔村。故选B。BCesareMencariniisateenager.Hisfocuswasonmath,chemistryandphysics.Cesare’smotherisanarchitectandhisfatherisanelectronicengineer.Asachild,Cesarebecameinterestedinelectronics.Helovedtoexperiment.HelearnedtoprogramcomputersandequipmentliketheArduinoandRaspberryPi.Healsoworkedwitha3Dprinter.Afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor(核聚变反应堆),Cesaredecidedhewoulddosomethingmeaningful,too.Theschoolwasn’tsoexcitedabouttheidea.ButCesareworkedtopersuadehisteachers.Finally,afteracompletesafetyreview,andwithanextraadvisorofferingtohelpout,theschoolagreed.Cesarewasastrongstudent,buthisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentrytosolvetheproblem.Healsovisitedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.Stepbystep,workinglonghourswithhisphysicsteacherandhisadvisor,Cesarebuiltthereactor.LastJune,attheveryendoftheschoolyear,thereactorwasfinished.Overayearhaspassedsincethen.Cesarehascontinuedtoimprovethereactor.Hehasbuiltcomplicatedequipmenttocontrolthepressureandtobetterseeandunderstandwhat’sgoingoninsidethereactor.He’soneoftheyoungeststudentstohavebuiltsuchanadvancedfusionreactor.ButforCesare,itwasn’tjustaboutthereactor.Itwasalsoaboutlearningbydoing,andaboutmakingconnectionswithotherpeopledoingsimilarthings.CollegeisthenextstopforCesare—perhapsinEngland,perhapsinItaly.Nomatterwherehegoes,he’llprobablycontinuetochangepeople’sideasabouthowmuchyoungpeoplecanachieve.24.WhatmadeCesaredeterminetobuildafusionreactor?A.Hisinterestinvideos. B.Hisparents’influence.C.Thesupportfromhisschool. D.Theinspirationfromsomeone.25.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutCesare?A.Hedependedheavilyonusefulvideos.B.Heworkedwithexperiencedscientists,C.Hestruggledtoprepareforthereactor.D.Hehaddifficultyingettinginformation.26.WhatisCesareexpectedtodointhefuture?A.Buildanotherreactor. B.Learnthroughdoing.C.Makegreaterprogress. D.Contactafamouscollege.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ATeenagerMadeIttoaReactor B.HowtoPutTheoryintoPracticeC.CesareBecameanInternetStar D.VideosActasaTeacher【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.A【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了青少年CesareMencarini对科学（特别是核聚变反应堆）的热爱、自学过程以及最终成功建造核聚变反应堆的经历。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor(核聚变反应堆),Cesaredecidedhewoulddosomethingmeaningful,too.(在看了一个关于建造核聚变反应堆的视频后，Cesare决定他也要做一些有意义的事情)”可知，Cesare是受到一个视频里的人的启发才决定建造一个聚变反应堆。故选D项。【25题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Cesarewasastrongstudent,buthisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentrytosolvetheproblem.Healsovisitedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.(Cesare是一个优秀的学生，但他的常规课程并没有教他如何建造一个聚变反应堆。为了了解这一点，他花了无数的时间做研究，在网上查找信息，看视频。他会阅读，看10到15个视频，然后尝试解决问题。他还访问了一个网站，从更有经验的科学家那里得到建议)”可知，本段主要告诉我们关于Cesare努力为反应堆做准备。故选C项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nomatterwherehegoes,he’llprobablycontinuetochangepeople’sideasabouthowmuchyoungpeoplecanachieve.(无论他走到哪里，他可能会继续改变人们对年轻人能取得多大成就的看法)”可知，Cesare将来会继续改变人们对年轻人能取得多大成就的看法，也就是会取得更大进步。故选C项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“CesareMencariniisateenager.Hisfocuswasonmath,chemistryandphysics.(CesareMencarini是一名青少年。他专注于数学、化学和物理)”以及第三段“Afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor(核聚变反应堆),Cesaredecidedhewoulddosomethingmeaningful,too.Theschoolwasn’tsoexcitedabouttheidea.ButCesareworkedtopersuadehisteachers.Finally,afteracompletesafetyreview,andwithanextraadvisorofferingtohelpout,theschoolagreed.(在看了一个关于建造核聚变反应堆的视频后，切萨雷决定他也要做一些有意义的事情。校方对这个想法并不怎么感兴趣。但Cesare努力说服他的老师。最后，经过全面的安全审查，并有一位额外的顾问提供帮助，学校同意了)”根据第四段“Cesarewasastrongstudent,buthisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentrytosolvetheproblem.Healsovisitedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.(Cesare是一个优秀的学生，但他的常规课程并没有教他如何建造一个聚变反应堆。为了了解这一点，他花了无数的时间做研究，在网上查找信息，看视频。他会阅读，看10到15个视频，然后尝试解决问题。他还访问了一个网站，从更有经验的科学家那里得到建议)”和通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年CesareMencarini自学过程以及最终成功建造核聚变反应堆的经历，所以A项“ATeenagerMadeIttoaReactor(一名青少年成功建造核聚变反应堆)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。CWeknowthatfruitscanhelptokeepourbodieshealthy.Accordingtoanewstudy,eatingfruitsinmiddleagecouldalsohelptoreducethechancesofdevelopingdepression(抑郁)laterinlifethoughweshouldpayattentiontotheamountoffruitsweeat.ResearchersfromChinaandSingaporewantedtofindoutmoreaboutwhethereatingfruitsandvegetablescouldhaveaneffectonourmentalhealth.Theylookedatmorethan13,700ChineseadultswhowerelivinginSingapore.Thestudyperiodbeganbetween1993and1998whentheChineseadultswereagedbetween45and74.Everyonewasaskedaboutthefruitsandvegetablestheylikedtoeat.14fruitsand25typesofvegetableswereincludedinthequestionnaire(问卷).TheChineseadultswerefollowedforanaverageofalmost20years.Bythistime,theywereagedbetween61and96.Theywereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairethatcoulddecidewhetherolderpeopledevelopdepression.Attheendofthestudyperiod,almost3,200peoplehadthefeelingofdepression.Theresearchersfoundthathigherconsumptionoffruitsduringmiddleagewasconnectedwithalowerprobabilityofdevelopingdepressioninlatelife.Thosewhoatethemostfruitswere29%lesslikelytodevelopdepressioncomparedtothosewhoatetheleast.However,theydidn’tfindanyconnectionbetweeneatingvegetablesanddevelopingdepression.Itwassuggestedthatthereasonforthismaybethatfruitsareusuallyeatenraw,whilevegetablesareoftencooked.Cookingvegetablesmightlimitthe“protectiveeffects”ofthenutrients(营养物)inthefoods,theresearcherssuggested,althoughtheysaidmoreresearchwasneeded.Alltypesoffruitswerefoundtohaveaneffect,especiallyoranges,bananas,papayasandwatermelons.28.Howisthestudyconducted?A.Bycomparingfruitstovegetables. B.Byfillinginthequestionnaireinalab.C.BytalkingwithpeoplelivinginChina. D.Bytrackingthesubjectsforalongtime.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consumption”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Contact. B.Eating. C.Advancement. D.Concentration.30.Whatdoweknowabouttheinfluenceofvegetablesondepression?A.Researchershavegotnoproof. B.Theyprovetobebetterthanfruits.C.Theyarethekeytotreatingdepression. D.Cookingthemsurelyinfluencesmentalhealth.31.Whatmightbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Whyfruitscoulddecreasedepression. B.Thecorrectmethodsofcookingvegetables.C.Differentfruitsrecommendedbythedoctor. D.Howvegetablesdamagenutrientsinthefoods.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国和新加坡研究人员关于吃水果与晚年抑郁症发病率关系的研究发现，说明了吃水果对中年以后减少抑郁症风险的作用，并提到了可能的原因及有效水果的种类。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theylookedatmorethan13,700ChineseadultswhowerelivinginSingapore.Thestudyperiodbeganbetween1993and1998whentheChineseadultswereagedbetween45and74.Everyonewasaskedaboutthefruitsandvegetablestheylikedtoeat.14fruitsand25typesofvegetableswereincludedinthequestionnaire(问卷).(他们调查了超过13700名居住在新加坡的中国成年人。研究开始于1993年至1998年，当时中国成年人的年龄在45岁至74岁之间。每个人都被问及他们喜欢吃的水果和蔬菜。调查问卷包括14种水果和25种蔬菜)”可知，这项研究是通过长时间跟踪研究对象进行的。故选D项。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据后文“Thosewhoatethemostfruitswere29%lesslikelytodevelopdepressioncomparedtothosewhoatetheleast.(与吃最少水果的人相比，吃最多水果的人患抑郁症的可能性要低29%)”可知，多吃水果的人患抑郁症的可能性要低29%，所以中年时多吃水果与晚年患抑郁症的可能性较低有关，推知consumption应是“摄入，食用”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“However,theydidn’tfindanyconnectionbetweeneatingvegetablesanddevelopingdepression.(然而，他们并没有发现吃蔬菜和患抑郁症之间有任何联系)”以及第五段“Itwassuggestedthatthereasonforthismaybethatfruitsareusuallyeatenraw,whilevegetablesareoftencooked.Cookingvegetablesmightlimitthe“protectiveeffects”ofthenutrients(营养物)inthefoods,theresearcherssuggested,althoughtheysaidmoreresearchwasneeded.(有人认为，造成这种现象的原因可能是水果通常是生吃的，而蔬菜通常是煮熟的。研究人员表示，烹饪蔬菜可能会限制食物中营养物质的“保护作用”，尽管他们表示还需要更多的研究)”可知，研究人员表示并没有发现吃蔬菜和患抑郁症之间有任何联系，但是还需要更多的研究，所以他们还没有证据。故选A项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Alltypesoffruitswerefoundtohaveaneffect,especiallyoranges,bananas,papayasandwatermelons.(研究发现，所有类型的水果都有这种功效，尤其是橙子、香蕉、木瓜和西瓜)”可知，研究发现，所有类型的水果都可以降低抑郁，所以在下一段中可能会讨论为什么多吃水果可以减少抑郁。故选A项。DHeatwavesdon’tjustmakebumblebees(大黄蜂)hot.Hightemperaturesalsoseemtoseriouslyreducetheirsenseofsmell,whichcanbeverybadfortheirsurvival.Forbumblebees,beingabletosmellflowersisamatteroflifeordeathbecauseithelpsthemfindfood.Bumblebeesarealreadyknowntosufferfromclimatechange.So,aninsectecologistfromtheUniversityofWürzburginGermanyandherteamwantedtounderstandifheatwavescouldinfluencebumblebees’abilitytosmellflowers.Theresearchersputaround190bumblebeesfromtwocommonspeciesintosmallspecialroomsforalmostthreehoursattemperaturesof40°Ctosimulate(模拟)heatwaves.Somebumblebeeswerealsoputinadryenvironment;somehadwaystosugaryresources;someweregiventimetorecoveratnormaltemperaturesfor24hoursaftertheheattreatment.Afterthesimulatedheatwaves,theresearcherscutoffthebumblebees’antennae(触须),whichtheyusetosmell,andmeasuredwhethertheolfactorysensoryneurons(thecellsthathelpthemsmell)intheantennaecouldstilldetectflowerscents.Theheatwavesreducedthebumblebees’abilitytosmellbyupto80percent.Workerbumblebees,whichareallfemale,weremoreaffectedthanmalebumblebees.Evenworse,theantennaeofthebumblebeesthathad24hourstocooloffstilldidn’trecovertheirsenseofsmellafterthattime.“Thatwassurprising,”saidtheinsectecologist.Thissuggeststhebumblebeesdon’trecoverquickly,whichmeanstheymighthavetroublefindingfood.“Itcouldbeonereasonwhyweseesomanybumblebee’spopulationdrops,”sheadded,alongwithotherfactorslikehabitatloss.“Thestudyseemsprettyreliable,”saidabumblebeeecologistfromtheUniversityofSussexinBrighton,England,whodidn’ttakepartinthestudy.“Theantennaearequitesimilaracrossbeespecies,”headded.“Ifbumblebeessufferinthisway,Ithinkit’sprobablethatotherbeeswouldtoo.Butwewon’tknowforsureuntilsomeonedoesresearchonit.”32.Whatproblemmightbumblebeesfaceintheendbecauseofheatwaves?A.Habitatloss. B.Deathrisk. C.Foodshortage. D.Sensoryfailure.33.Whyweresomebumblebeesgiven24hourstorecoverafterthetreatment?A.Tocounttheirnumberandspecies.B.Topreventtheresearchersmakingmistakes.C.Tomakesuretheycanadapttotheenvironment.D.Toproveifhotwavesdamagetheirsenseofsmell.34.Whatdoestheinsectecologistthinkoftheresearchresult?A.Itleadstoagoodmethod. B.Itgoesbeyondhercontrol.C.Itlimitsthescientificresearch. D.Ittakesresearchers’doubtsaway.35.Whatcanwelearnaboutotherbeesaccordingtothebumblebeeecologist?A.Thereisstillalottostudy. B.Theywillsufferfromdeath.C.Theywillbewellprotected. D.Moreresearchersarestudyingthem.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了热浪对大黄蜂嗅觉的影响。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Heatwavesdon’tjustmakebumblebees(大黄蜂)hot.Hightemperaturesalsoseemtoseriouslyreducetheirsenseofsmell,whichcanbeverybadfortheirsurvival.Forbumblebees,beingabletosmellflowersisamatteroflifeordeathbecauseithelpsthemfindfood.(热浪不仅会让大黄蜂变热。高温似乎也严重降低了它们的嗅觉，这对它们的生存非常不利。对于大黄蜂来说，能够闻到花的气味是生死攸关的问题，因为这可以帮助它们找到食物)”可知，由于热浪降低了大黄蜂的嗅觉，这意味着它们可能找不到食物，所以大黄蜂最终可能面临死亡的风险。故选B项。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Somebumblebeeswerealsoputinadryenvironment;somehadwaystosugaryresources;someweregiventimetorecoveratnormaltemperaturesfor24hoursaftertheheattreatment.Afterthesimulatedheatwaves,theresearcherscutoffthebumblebees’antennae(触须),whichtheyusetosmell,andmeasuredwhethertheolfactorysensoryneurons(thecellsthathelpthemsmell)intheantennaecouldstilldetectflowerscents.(一些大黄蜂也被放在干燥的环境中；有些有办法获得含糖资源；一些在热处理后24小时在常温下恢复。在模拟的热浪之后，研究人员切断了大黄蜂用来嗅觉的触角，并测量了触角中的嗅觉感觉神经元（帮助它们嗅觉的细胞）是否仍然可以探测到花香)”可知，研究人员给一些大黄蜂24小时恢复，是为了验证热浪是否会损害它们的嗅觉，并观察它们是否能在正常温度下恢复嗅觉。故选D项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““Thatwassurprising,”saidtheinsectecologist.Thissuggeststhebumblebeesdon’trecoverquickly,whichmeanstheymighthavetroublefindingfood.“Itcouldbeonereasonwhyweseesomanybumblebee’spopulationdrops,”sheadded,alongwithotherfactorslikehabitatloss.(昆虫生态学家说：“这太令人惊讶了。”这表明大黄蜂不会很快恢复，这意味着它们可能很难找到食物。“这可能是我们看到这么多大黄蜂数量下降的原因之一，”她补充说，此外还有栖息地丧失等其他因素)”可知，研究结果让昆虫生态学家知道了黄蜂数量下降的原因，消除了研究人员的疑虑。故选D项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thestudyseemsprettyreliable,”saidabumblebeeecologistfromtheUniversityofSussexinBrighton,England,whodidn’ttakepartinthestudy.“Theantennaearequitesimilaracrossbeespecies,”headded.“Ifbumblebeessufferinthisway,Ithinkit’sprobablethatotherbeeswouldtoo.Butwewon’tknowforsureuntilsomeonedoesresearchonit.”(“这项研究似乎相当可靠，”英国布莱顿萨塞克斯大学的一位大黄蜂生态学家说，他没有参加这项研究。“各种蜜蜂的触角都非常相似，”他补充说。“如果大黄蜂以这种方式受苦，我认为其他蜜蜂很可能也会这样。但在有人对此进行研究之前，我们无法确定。”)”可知，根据大黄蜂生态学家的说法，其他蜜蜂很可能也会这样，但是还有很多东西需要研究。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youwanttolearn,youwanttolistentoyourteacher,andyouwanttoabsorballofthatinformationinclass.However,sometimesyoufindtheyaresoboring!Itcanbehardtofocusonalecturewhenyourmindwanders.___36___Startreadingtolearnsometipstostayfocusedinclass.Removedistractions(分心之事).Oneoftheeasiestthingsyoucandotohelpyourselfconcentrateinclassisavoiddistractionsthatkeepyoufromfocusing.Trytobemoreawareofwhatyou’redoingwhenyoustoppayingattention.___37___Eitherway,putthedistractingitemawaysoyou’renottemptedtofocusonit.___38___Writingdownimportantpartsofthelessoncanhelpyoufocusonwhattheteacherissaying.Plus,youcanusethesenoteslatertostudyanddowellinyournexttest!Asyourteachertalks,makeanoutlinewithnotesondifficulttopics.Preparebeforeclasstostayfocusedonthelesson.___39___Beforeclassstarts,trylookingoveryourhomework,readingfromyourtextbook,orreviewingthepreviousday’snotes.Thiscangetyourbraininto“classmode”,makingiteasiertofocus.Takepartinclass.Contributingtoalesson,askingquestions,oransweringtheteacher’squestionscanhelpyoustayengagedandstopyoubeingdistracted.Payattentiontotheboardandwhattheteacherissaying.___40___A.Takenotesduringclass.B.Performwellinyourtest.C.Raiseyourhandifyouhaveanyquestions.D.Maybeyou’replayingwithyourphoneorpencil.E.Beforeclassstarts,letyourmindwanderandrelax.F.Butwithafewtricks,youcanpayattentioninclass.G.Beingintherightmindsetbeforeclasscanhelpyoufocus.【答案】36.F37.D38.A39.G40.C【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了在课堂上保持注意力集中的一些技巧。【36题详析】根据前文“However,sometimesyoufindtheyaresoboring!Itcanbehardtofocusonalecturewhenyourmindwanders.(然而，有时候你会发现它们太无聊了！当你走神的时候，你很难集中注意力听讲)”以及后文“Startreadingtolearnsometipstostayfocusedinclass.(开始阅读，学习一些在课堂上保持专注的技巧)”可知，前文讲述很难集中注意力，后文是开始阅读学习技巧，所以空处应是过渡句，提到技巧，所以F项“Butwithafewtricks,youcanpayattentioninclass.(但只要掌握一些小技巧，你就能在课堂上集中注意力)”和前文构成转折关系，引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。【37题详析】根据前文“Trytobemoreawareofwhatyou’redoingwhenyoustoppayingattention.(当你不集中注意力的时候，试着更清楚地意识到你在做什么)”以及后文“Eitherway,putthedistractingitemawaysoyou’renottemptedtofocusonit.(无论哪种方式，把分散注意力的东西放在一边，这样你就不会被诱惑去关注它了)”可知，前文建议需要意识到是什么让你分心，后文提到把分散注意力的东西放在一边，所以D项“Maybeyou’replayingwithyourphoneorpencil.(也许你在玩手机或铅笔)”是讲述具体让你分心的例子，符合此处主题。故选D项。【38题详析】设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Writingdownimportantpartsofthelessoncanhelpyoufocusonwhattheteacherissaying.Plus,youcanusethesenoteslatertostudyanddowellinyournexttest!Asyourteachertalks,makeanoutlinewithnotesondifficulttopics.(写下课文的重要部分可以帮助你专注于老师所说的内容。另外，你可以在以后的学习中使用这些笔记，在下次考试中取得好成绩！当你的老师讲话时，把困难的话题写在提纲里)”可知，本段主题是在课堂上做笔记，所以A项“Takenotesduringclass.(上课时记笔记)”符合本段主题。故选A项。【39题详析】根据前文“Preparebeforeclasstostayfocusedonthelesson.(课前准备，集中注意力)”以及后文“Beforeclassstarts,trylookingoveryourhomework,readingfromyourtextbook,orreviewingthepreviousday’snotes.Thiscangetyourbraininto“classmode”,makingiteasiertofocus.(上课前，试着看看你的作业，阅读课本，或者复习前一天的笔记。这可以让你的大脑进入“课堂模式”，让你更容易集中注意力)”可知，本段主要讲述课前做好上课准备，所以G项“Beingintherightmindsetbeforeclasscanhelpyoufocus.(上课前保持正确的心态可以帮助你集中注意力)”符合本段主题，是对前文的进一步解释。故选G项。【40题详析】根据前文“Takepartinclass.Contributingtoalesson,askingquestions,oransweringtheteacher’squestionscanhelpyoustayengagedandstopyoubeingdistracted.Payattentiontotheboardandwhattheteacherissaying.(参加课堂活动。为一节课做贡献，提出问题，或者回答老师的问题可以帮助你保持专注，避免分心。注意黑板以及老师在说什么)”可知，本段讲述通过参加课堂活动来保持注意力，所以C项“Raiseyourhandifyouhaveanyquestions.(有问题的请举手)”继续介绍参与课堂活动，符合本段主题。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Maryisnowa14-year-oldschoolerwithlonghair.Butinthesixthgrade,whenshe___41___swimming,anoptionalcourseatschool,sheworeshorthair.Shekeptswimmingforyears.Thisyear,shebeateveryoneelse,becomingthe___42___inherschool.However,sheplannedtogofurtherandwinmoreprizemoneyto___43___peopleinneed.The___44___sheshowedinswimmingledherto___45___withherownpersonalgoal.Thatallstartedwitha___46___shesawyearsago.Maryrecalledthatdaywhenagirl,whoshedidn’tknow,wasbeingledintothepoolbythecoach.Thegirltookher___47___off,andherbald(秃头的)headwasseen.Anditputherina(n)___48___situation.Shefeltsoembarrassedthatshecouldn’thelp___49___.Tearsofsadness___50___upinhereyes.ShetoldMarythatshehadherhaircutforbrainsurgery.Fora___51___familylikethegirl’s,itwasdifficulttoaffordahigh-qualitywig(假发).Thatmoment___52___influencedMary,soshedecidedtomakea___53___.Later,Marygrewherhairlong,whichflowedbehindherassheswam.“Despitethedrag(累赘),Ipushedthroughbecausemyhairwouldbedonatedtocharitytohelpthe___54___people,”Marysaid.Hereffortsinswimming___55___off—shewonracesandearnedprizemoneytodonate.Eachvictoryadvancedhersportandcharity.41.A.tookup B.leftaside C.commentedon D.graduatedfrom42.A.host B.champion C.volunteer D.designer43.A.support B.educate C.control D.recommend44.A.failure B.fright C.determination D.debate45.A.exchange B.register C.check D.succeed46.A.friend B.teacher C.stranger D.relative47.A.coat B.hat C.shoes D.gloves48.A.relaxing B.pleasing C.awkward D.competitive49.A.crying B.shouting C.pretending D.applying50.A.gave B.hid C.ended D.welled51.A.formal B.poor C.suitable D.civilized52.A.still B.never C.narrowly D.deeply53.A.difference B.living C.suggestion D.trade54.A.addicted B.needy C.confident D.athletic55.A.dropped B.cooled C.broke D.paid【答案】41.A42.B43.A44.C45.D46.C47.B48.C49.A50.D51.B52.D53.A54.B55.D【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Mary通过游泳赢得比赛，用奖金帮助需要的人，以及她是如何受到一个陌生女孩的影响而决定做出改变的。【41题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在六年级时，当她开始学游泳（学校的一门选修课）时，她留了短发。A.tookup开始从事；B.leftaside搁置；C.commentedon评论；D.graduatedfrom毕业。根据后文“sheworeshorthair”可知，是Mary开始学游泳，所以留了短发。故选A项。【42题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年，她打败了其他所有人，成为了学校的冠军。A.host主持；B.champion冠军；C.volunteer志愿者；D.designer设计师。根据前文“shebeateveryoneelse”可知，Mary打败了其他所有人，所以是成为了学校的冠军。故选B项。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她计划走得更远，赢得更多的奖金来支持有需要的人。A.support支持；B.educate教育；C.control控制；D.recommend推荐。根据下文“Hereffortsinswimmingoff—shewonracesandearnedprizemoneytodonate.”可知，Mary把赢得的奖金捐赠了，所以是赢得更多的奖金来支持有需要的人。故选A项。【44题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在游泳中表现出的决心使她成功实现了自己的个人目标。A.failure失败；B.fright惊吓；C.determination决心；D.debate辩论。根据前文“sheplannedtogofurtherandwinmoreprizemoneytopeopleinneed.”可知，Mary表现出了坚定的决心。故选C项。【45题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在游泳中表现出的决心使她成功实现了自己的个人目标。A.exchange交换；B.register注册；C.check检查；D.succeed成功。根据下文“shewonracesandearnedprizemoneytodonate.”可知，Mary成功实现了个人目标。故选D项。【46题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都是从她多年前见过的一个陌生人开始的。A.friend朋友；B.teacher老师；C.stranger陌生人；D.relative亲戚。根据下文“Maryrecalledthatdaywhenagirl,whoshedidn’tknow,wasbeingledintothepoolbythecoach.”可知，Mary并不认识那个女孩，所以是陌生人。故选C项。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩摘下帽子，露出了她的光头。A.coat外套；B.hat帽子；C.shoes鞋子；D.gloves手套。根据后文“herbald(秃头的)headwasseen.”可知，露出了她的光头，所以应是摘下帽子。故选B项。【48题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让她陷入了尴尬的境地。A.relaxing放松的；B.pleasing令人愉悦的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.competitive有竞争力的。根据后文“Shefeltsoembarrassed”可知，她陷入了尴尬的境地。故选C项。【49题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感到很尴尬，忍不住哭了起来。A.crying哭泣；B.shouting喊叫；C.pretending假装；D.applying申请。根据下文“Tearsofsadnessupinhereyes.”可知，女孩哭了起来。故选A项。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她眼中涌出了悲伤的泪水。A.gave给予；B.hid隐藏；C.ended结束；D.welled涌起。根据前文“Shefeltsoembarrassedthatshecouldn’thelp.”可知，女孩哭了起来，所以应是眼中涌出了悲伤的泪水。故选D项。【51题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于像这个女孩这样的贫穷家庭来说，很难负担得起高质量的假发。A.formal正式的；B.poor贫穷的；C.suitable合适的；D.civilized文明的。根据后文“itwasdifficulttoaffordahigh-qualitywig(假发).”可知，女孩家庭很难负担得起高质量的假发，所以推知，女孩在一个贫穷家庭。故选B项。【52题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那一刻深深地影响了Mary，所以她决定做出改变。A.still仍然；B.never从不；C.narrowly勉强地；D.deeply深深地。根据后文“soshedecidedtomakea.”可知，Mary决定做出改变，所以应是那一刻深深地影响了她。故选D项。【53题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻深深地影响了Mary，所以她决定做出改变。A.difference差异；B.living生活；C.suggestion建议；D.trade贸易。根据后文“Later,Marygrewherhairlong,whichflowedbehindherassheswam.”可知，之后Mary不再留短发游泳，做出了改变，所以应是固定搭配：makeadifference意为“有所作为”。故选A项。【54题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mary说：“尽管困难重重，我还是坚持了下来，因为我的头发将被捐赠给慈善机构，帮助有需要的人。”A.addicted沉溺的；B.needy需要的；C.confident自信的；D.athletic运动的。根据上文“However,sheplannedtogofurtherandwinmoreprizemoneytopeopleinneed.”可知，是帮助有需要的人。故选B项。【55题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在游泳方面的努力得到了回报——她赢得了比赛，并赚了奖金来捐赠。A.dropped掉落；B.cooled冷却；C.broke打破；D.paid支付，偿还。根据后文“shewonracesandearnedprizemoneytodonate.”可知，Mary赢得了比赛，并赚了奖金来捐赠，所以是她在游泳方面的努力得到了回报。payoff意思为：得到回报。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasbeenmyhomesince1984.WhereverIwent,I___56___(prefer)tosharestoriesofChinawithpeoplefromaroundtheworld.Buttoooften,theirexcitementfocusedonmy___57___(be)fromChicago,andthetypicalreactionwouldbe:Chicago,wow!Greatmusic,architectureandfood.Ilearnedthatmanyofmyinternationalfriends___58___(obvious)knewmuchaboutChicagolikeIknewaboutChina,___59___,tome,isanamazingcountry.IbenefitedfromChina’sgenerositywhenIreceivedascholarshiptostudyinBeijing.IwasawardeditbecauseIwasamongthestudentswith___60___mostmodestfinancial(财务的)background.WhenIfirstgothere,Chinesepeopleacceptedmelikefamily,showingmegreatpatiencewhileI,asaforeignerwithnoChineselanguagebackground,struggledtoexpress___61___(I).Theyalwaysshowed___62___(curious)aboutmyinternationalbackground,askingquestionsaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenChina___63___theUSandshowingrespectfortraditionsfromothercultures.Therewasneverani