2024-2025学年河南省高三上学期11月期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中联考英语试题第一部分听力（略分）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACallforPapers:ResearchinHospitalityManagement(酒店管理)Theleadingpeer-reviewedjournal,ResearchinHospitalityManagement,hasissuedaCallforPapersforVolume14,Issue2.Thisissueaimstopublishoriginalresearcharticles,reviews,andcasestudiesfromscholars,researchers,andindustryprofessionals.Thejournalfocusesonrapidchangesinthehospitalityindustry,includingtourismandleisure,businessandleisurevisitors,andresidents’leisurepursuits.Keythemesinclude:·Submissionsareencouragedthatdigintotherapidtransformationsshapingthehospitalityindustry.·Thejournalseekscontributionsthatexplorethecurrentlandscapeandimmediatefutureofhospitality.·Practicalapplicationsandimplicationsforindustrypracticesarehighlyencouraged.·Thejournalwelcomesdiverseperspectives(看法)andmethodologiesthatcontributetoacomprehensiveunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.·Submissionsthatintegrateperspectivesfromvariousdisciplines(学科)toprovideatotalunderstandingofthechallengesandopportunitieswithinthehospitalityindustryareencouraged.ImportantDates:·SubmissionDeadline:June17,2025·Notification(正式通知)ofAcceptance:July15,2025·RevisedManuscript(手稿)Due:August15,2025·PublicationDate:September30,2025SubmissionGuidelines:Allmanuscriptsshouldbesubmittedthroughemail(info@),followingtheauthorguidelinesavailablehere.Submittedpaperswillundergoastrictdouble-blindpeerreviewprocesstoensurethehighestqualityofscholarship.ContactInformation:Forinquiriesorfurtherinformation,pleasecontacttheeditorialteamatinfo@.Thejournaleagerlyanticipatessubmissionsthatadvanceknowledgeandunderstandingoftheevolvinglandscapeofhospitalitymanagement.1.Whattypeofcontributionsdoesthejournalprioritizeforitsupcomingissue?A.Long-termhistoricalreviews.B.Generaltourismpromotionalmaterials.C.Originalresearchpapersandcaseanalyses.D.Hospitalitymanagementtextbooksummary.2.WhatisakeythemeforsubmissionstoVolume14,Issue2?A.Rapidchangesintheprintingindustry.B.Detailedhistoricaltimelinesofhotelchains.C.Effectandimportancetothefieldofmanagement.D.Cross-disciplinaryinsightsonhospitalitydifficulties.3.Whatshouldyouavoiddoingwhencontributingtothejournal?A.Revealingyouridentitytothereviewers.B.SubmittingyourpapersonJune17,2025.C.Emailingyourpaperstoaspecificaccount.D.Followingthespecificguidelinesbythejournal.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个学术杂志的征文投稿活动，主要包括其关注点、关键主题、时间节点、投稿指南和联系信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thisissueaimstopublishoriginalresearcharticles,reviews,andcasestudiesfromscholars,researchers,andindustryprofessionals.(本期杂志旨在发表学者、研究人员和行业专业人士的原创研究文章、评论和案例研究)”可知，在即将出版的这一期中，该杂志将优先考虑原创研究论文和案例分析。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Keythemesinclude部分最后一点“Submissionsthatintegrateperspectivesfromvariousdisciplines(学科)toprovideatotalunderstandingofthechallengesandopportunitieswithinthehospitalityindustryareencouraged.(鼓励提交整合不同学科观点的报告，以提供对酒店业的挑战和机遇的全面了解)”可知，关于酒店行业困难的跨学科见解是这一期投稿的一个关键主题。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据SubmissionGuidelines部分中“Submittedpaperswillundergoastrictdouble-blindpeerreviewprocesstoensurethehighestqualityofscholarship.(提交的论文将经过严格的双盲同行评审过程，以确保最高质量的学术)”可知，作者和评审的身份都应保密，因此应避免向评审透露身份。故选A项。BForsomepeople,themostextraordinarylightsourcetobeseeninsummerisfromthefireflies.“Itisawonderfulsight,”saidBenCooke,theNationalTrustarearanger(护林员)forPurbeckinDorset,whosejobincludesmonitoringthefirefliesandcaringfortheirhabitat.“Seeingfirefliesshouldbeoneveryone’smust-dolist.There’snothingelselikeit.Ifyoustartoutearlyenoughandthelightgraduallyfades(逐渐消失),itplaystricksonyoureyes.Peopleseeawhiteflowerandthink:‘Oh,isthatone?’Orraindropsonaleafcatchabitoflight.Butwhenyouactuallyseethelight,youcan’tmistakeitforanythingelse.”TheNationalTrustisrunningaprojectinPurbeckinvolvingvolunteerspotterscountingthenumbersoffireflies.Itisworkingonprovidingtheidealconditionsforthemtothrive(茁壮成长)andmaylookatintroducingmoreintothearea.Cooketookafireflywalkthisweek.Closetohim,twofemaleswereglowingbrightlytoattractpassingmales.Alittlefurtheralongthepath,Cookesetupa“trap”—abikelightunderaplasticbowl—toattractothermales.Withinafewminutes14hadappeared.“Arecordforme,”hesaid.Themales,whichflyastheysearchforfemales,donotsendoutthesamebrightgreenlight.ThefirefliesarejustoneoftheanimalstheNationalTrustisencouraginginthearea.Twoyearsago,itacquiredthreecoastalcavesthatarehometoawidevarietyofbats.AtitsWestonFarmsiteithasplanstoattractbirds.Butitisthefirefliesthatoftengrabvisitors’imaginations.“Theyaresoattractive,”saidCooke.4.AccordingtoCooke,whatvisualeffectdoesthefadinglighthasonobservers?A.Theymaymistakesomeotherthingsforfireflies.B.Theyseebrightgreenlightsentoutbymalefireflies.C.Theynoticereflectionsoffriversurfaceslikefireflylight.D.Theycanobservefireflieseasierduetodarkersurroundings.5.HowcanthevolunteersoftheprojectinPurbeckhelpfireflies?A.Bycatchingfirefliesforobservation.B.Bycollectingdataonfireflybehaviour.C.Byfiguringoutthenumberoffireflies.D.Byacquiringnewhabitatssuitableforfireflies.6.WhatdidCookefindduringhisrecentwalk?A.Evidenceoffireflyfeedingbehaviour.B.Ahiddencavewherefireflieswerehiding.C.Arecordnumberofmalesattractedtohistrap.D.Twomalesfirefliesglowingbrightlytoattractfemales.7.Whyarebatsandbirdsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tohighlighttheireffectsonfireflies.B.Todiscusstheiruniquebiologicalfeatures.C.Tocomparetheirbehaviourwiththatoffireflies.D.ToshowtheconservationeffortsoftheNationalTrust.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了英国多塞特郡珀贝克的国家信托公司对于萤火虫开展的保护计划。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ifyoustartoutearlyenoughandthelightgraduallyfades(逐渐消失),itplaystricksonyoureyes.Peopleseeawhiteflowerandthink:‘Oh,isthatone?’Orraindropsonaleafcatchabitoflight.(如果你开始得足够早，光线逐渐减弱，就会对你的眼睛造成影响。人们看到白色的花会想：‘哦，那是一只吗？’或是雨滴落在树叶上，捕捉到一丝阳光)”可知，如果开始得足够早，当光线逐渐减弱时，会欺骗眼睛，人们可能会把其他东西误认为萤火虫。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“TheNationalTrustisrunningaprojectinPurbeckinvolvingvolunteerspotterscountingthenumbersoffireflies.(国家信托基金在珀贝克开展了一个项目，包括志愿观察人员计算萤火虫的数量)”可知，珀贝克项目的志愿者通过计算萤火虫的数量来帮助萤火虫。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Closetohim,twofemaleswereglowingbrightlytoattractpassingmales.Alittlefurtheralongthepath,Cookesetupa“trap”—abikelightunderaplasticbowl—toattractothermales.Withinafewminutes14hadappeared.“Arecordforme,”hesaid.Themales,whichflyastheysearchforfemales,donotsendoutthesamebrightgreenlight.(在他身边，两只雌性萤火虫发出明亮的光芒，吸引路过的雄性。沿着小路往前走一点，库克设置了一个“陷阱”——一个塑料碗下面的自行车灯——来吸引其他雄性。几分钟之内，14个出现了。“这对我来说是一项纪录，”他说。雄性萤火虫在寻找雌性萤火虫时，不会发出同样明亮的绿光)”可知，最近，Cooke发现许多雄性萤火虫被他的陷阱吸引，这创下了记录。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThefirefliesarejustoneoftheanimalstheNationalTrustisencouraginginthearea.Twoyearsago,itacquiredthreecoastalcavesthatarehometoawidevarietyofbats.AtitsWestonFarmsiteithasplanstoattractbirds.(萤火虫只是国家信托基金在该地区鼓励的动物之一。两年前，它获得了三个沿海洞穴，那里是各种各样蝙蝠的家园。在韦斯顿农场，该公司计划吸引鸟类)”可知，最后一段提及蝙蝠和鸟类是为了表明国家信托基金在保护动物方面的努力，它们不仅仅保护了萤火虫，还有蝙蝠和鸟类。故选D。CIt’seasytomakequalityfacilitiesequalizequalityeducation.However,focusingentirelyonfacilitiesoverlooksthecriticalroleofteachersinachild’seducation.Asthesayinggoes,“Greatteacherscanteachinatent.”Therefore,evenaschoolwithexcellentfacilitiesmightprovideinferioreducationifitsteachersareuninterestedorprioritizerankingsoverstudentdevelopment.Thekeytoqualityeducationliesinexceptionalteachers.Sinceschoolsrarelyshowcasetheirteachers,parentsfinditchallengingtoevaluateschoolqualityandoftentendtoassessfacilitiesinstead.Let’sdigdeeperintowhatconstitutesqualityeducation.Qualityeducationiswidelyacknowledgedasessentialforahealthy,successfullife.TheUnitedNationsrecognizesitsmagnitude,positioningitasaSustainableDevelopmentGoal,notingthat“Educationenablesupwardsocioeconomicmobilityandiscrucialforpovertyalleviation(扶贫).”Teachersplayacrucialroleinqualityeducation.Top-tierteachersunderstandtheirsignificantinfluenceonstudents’lives,partneringwiththemthroughouttheireducationaljourney.Numerousstudiesemphasizethecorrelationbetweenpositiveteacher-studentrelationshipsandacademicsuccess,attributingthissuccesstoteachers’intentionaleffortstofoster(促进)theseconnections.Inessence,qualityeducationheavilydependsonoutstandingteaching,shiftingclassroomdynamicsfromauthoritariantocollaborativepartnershipsthatencourageacademicgrowthandpersonaldevelopment.ProfessorJohnHattierevealsthatteacher-studentrelationshipsarethemostinfluentialfactorinstudentachievement,surpassingsubjectknowledge,training,curriculum(课程),andhomeandschooleffects.Onthecontrary,negativeinteractionscanholdbackprogress.Researchindicatesthatearlynegativerelationshipscanaffectacademicandbehaviouraloutcomesyearslater.Studentswhofeelvaluedbytheirteachersaremoreengaged,eagertolearn,andwillingtoseekhelpwhenneeded.AngelaMaiers,aneducationalexpert,pinpointstwocrucialelementsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.Qualityteachersgenuinelycareabouttheirstudents,creatingasupportiveenvironmentthatenhancesschooladjustmentandperformance.Theyalsobelieveintheirstudents’potential,pushingthemtoachievewhileprovidingsupport.Inconclusion,qualityeducationreliesonthedevotionandexpertiseofteacherswhocaredeeplyabouttheirstudentsandactivelyfosterapositive,nurturinglearningenvironment.8.Whatmainlydeterminethequalityofeducationaccordingtothetext?A.Advancedfacilities. B.Outstandingteachers.C.Competitiverankings. D.Extensivecurriculums.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“magnitude”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Existence. B.Complexity.C.Significance. D.Stability.10.Whatcontributestostudents’academicsuccessmostaccordingtoJohnHattie?A.Focusingonsubjectknowledge.B.Establishingpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.C.Prioritizingtrainingandcurriculum.D.Emphasizinghomeandschooleffects.11.Whatkeyfactorsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationshipsdoesAngelaMaiersidentify?A.Careandpush. B.Disciplineandstructure.C.Autonomyandchoice. D.Motivationandreward.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了优质教育的关键在于优秀的教师，而非仅仅依赖于先进的设施，强调了教师在学生教育中的重要作用。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thekeytoqualityeducationliesinexceptionalteachers.(优质教育的关键在于优秀的教师)”可知，文章主要认为优质教育的决定因素是优秀的教师。故选B项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“positioningitasaSustainableDevelopmentGoal,notingthat“Educationenablesupwardsocioeconomicmobilityandiscrucialforpovertyalleviation(扶贫).”(将其定位为可持续发展目标，指出“教育使社会经济向上流动，对减贫至关重要。”)”可知，此处是在强调教育的重要性和意义。由此可知，划线词magnitude意为“重要性；重大”，与Significance同义。故选C项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ProfessorJohnHattierevealsthatteacher-studentrelationshipsarethemostinfluentialfactorinstudentachievement,surpassingsubjectknowledge,training,curriculum(课程),andhomeandschooleffects.(约翰·哈蒂教授指出，师生关系是学生成绩最有影响力的因素，超过了学科知识、培训、课程以及家庭和学校的影响)”可知，约翰·哈蒂认为建立积极的师生关系对学生学业成功贡献最大。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“AngelaMaiers,aneducationalexpert,pinpointstwocrucialelementsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.Qualityteachersgenuinelycareabouttheirstudents,creatingasupportiveenvironmentthatenhancesschooladjustmentandperformance.Theyalsobelieveintheirstudents’potential,pushingthemtoachievewhileprovidingsupport.(教育专家安吉拉·梅尔斯指出了积极师生关系的两个关键因素。优秀的教师真正关心他们的学生，创造一个支持性的环境，促进学生的学校适应和表现。他们还相信学生的潜力，在提供支持的同时鼓励他们取得成就)”可知，安吉拉·梅尔斯认为积极的师生关系的关键因素是关心和鼓励。故选A项。DSapiaisanAItoolforHR(HumanResources)inwhichjobapplicantsinteractwithPhai,achatbot.“It’sawholenewcapability:theabilitytounderstandpeoplethroughashortconversation,”saysfounderandCEOBarbHyman.“Oursmartchatbotasksfivequestionsviatextandfromtherewecanfigureoutthingsaboutyouthatorganisationswanttodiscoverwhenthey’rerecruiting(招聘).”TheAIalgorithm(算法)processestheanswerstoevaluatequalitieslikecommunicationskills,teamworkorleadershipability,andlearningadaptability.“TheCV(简历)isunnecessaryindecisionsaboutpeopleanditbringsinbias(偏见).WedoitwithAI—it’sascalable(可扩展的),bias-freesolutiontohelpcompaniesdeterminethebestpeopleforroles,inunder24hours.Ourtechnologysolvesforhiringefficiencybutalsodiversityandtalent,intelligenceandleadershipcapability,”saysBarbHyman.HymanwasalawyerwhoswitchedtostrategyconsultingwithBostonConsultingGroup,takingonHRroleswhenherthreechildrenweresmall.“Icouldseetheincredibleinvisiblecostofhiring—andthebias,”shesays.In2018,whenPredictiveHirewasanearly-stagestartup,shecameinasCEO.ItrebrandedasSapiathisyear.Hymansaystheproductandmessagingwasn’trightbackthenand,astheoriginalfounderdeparted,shesetabouthiringanewteamandraisingmoney.“Mykeybrilliancewashiringbrilliantpeople,startingwithDrBuddhiJayatilleke,ourchiefdatascientist.Wewantedtodeliverasolutionthatworkedforcompaniesandwasalsofairforpeople,”saysHyman.“Wehadtoprovewecouldbuildsomethingthatpeopletrusted,inaworldwheretherearelotsofmythsandfearsaboutAI,”Hymansaystransparencyiskey.“Sapiahasnowbeenusedformorethantwomillioncandidatesin47countries.We’reusedbyalotofAustralia’stopbrands,includingBunnings,WoolworthsandSuncorp,andtheUnitedStatesisnext.”ShesaysconsumerbrandsareSapia’ssweetspot,particularlythosewhosepublicchampioningofdiversityisnotreflectedintheirworkforce.“Theopportunityforustoreallymakeadifferencethere,veryfast,issignificant.”12.WhatdoesSapia’sAItechnologyofferthattraditionalCV-basedhiringlacks?A.Immediatefeedbackforapplicants.B.Ascalableandbias-freeevaluationprocess.C.Personalizedcoachingtipsforallcandidates.D.Aplatformtoshowcaseapplicants’diversity.13.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.WheretheideaofSapiaoriginatedfrom.B.HowchatbotPhaiworksinthehiringprocess.C.HowSapia’salgorithmevaluatescandidates’answers.D.WhyhumanresourcesmanagementbenefitsfromSapia.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSapia’sapproachtohiring?A.Itisprimarilydesignedforsmallbusinessesandstartups.B.Itonlyfocusesontechnicalskillsandignoressoftskills.C.Itentirelygetsridofhumaninteractionsinthehiringprocess.D.Itvaluestransparencyasameanstobuildtrustwithitsusers.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactofAIonRecruitmentandEmployees.B.HowSapiaisUsingAItoTransformRecruitingandHR.C.Sapia’sAITechnology:CompletelySolvingProblemsinHR.D.WhatRoleSapiaHasintheFutureofHumanResources.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Sapia这一应用于人力资源领域的AI工具，它通过聊天机器人与求职者互动，能够在24小时内对公司所需人才进行无偏见、可扩展的评估，提高了招聘效率，同时也注重多样性和人才的智能与领导能力。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheCV(简历)isunnecessaryindecisionsaboutpeopleanditbringsinbias(偏见).WedoitwithAI—it’sascalable(可扩展的),bias-freesolutiontohelpcompaniesdeterminethebestpeopleforroles,inunder24hours.(简历在人事决策中是不必要的，它会带来偏见。我们用AI来做——这是一个可扩展的、无偏见的解决方案，可以在24小时内帮助公司确定最适合职位的人选)”可知，Sapia的AI技术提供了一个可扩展且无偏见的评估过程，这是传统基于简历的招聘所缺乏的。故选B项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“HymanwasalawyerwhoswitchedtostrategyconsultingwithBostonConsultingGroup,takingonHRroleswhenherthreechildrenweresmall.‘Icouldseetheincredibleinvisiblecostofhiring—andthebias,’shesays.In2018,whenPredictiveHirewasanearly-stagestartup,shecameinasCEO.ItrebrandedasSapiathisyear.(海曼曾是一名律师，后来转行到波士顿咨询公司从事战略咨询，在她的三个孩子还小的时候，她担任了人力资源的角色。‘我看到了招聘带来的令人难以置信的隐形成本和偏见，’她说。2018年，当PredictiveHire还处于初创阶段时，她担任了首席执行官。今年，它更名为Sapia)”可知，本段主要讲述了Sapia的创始人Hyman的职业经历以及她创办Sapia的初衷，即看到了传统招聘中的偏见和成本问题，由此可推断出本段主要介绍了Sapia这一想法的起源。故选A项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Wewantedtodeliverasolutionthatworkedforcompaniesandwasalsofairforpeople(我们希望提供一种既适用于公司又对人们公平的解决方案)”和“‘Wehadtoprovewecouldbuildsomethingthatpeopletrusted,inaworldwheretherearelotsofmythsandfearsaboutAI,’Hymansaystransparencyiskey.(海曼说透明度是关键，“我们必须证明，在一个对人工智能有很多谬见和恐惧的世界里，我们可以创造出人们信任的东西。”)”可知，Sapia在招聘过程中重视透明度，以此作为与用户建立信任的手段。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中“SapiaisanAItoolforHR(HumanResources)inwhichjobapplicantsinteractwithPhai,achatbot.(Sapia是一个应用于人力资源领域的AI工具，求职者可以与聊天机器人Phai进行互动)”和第二段中“TheAIalgorithm(算法)processestheanswerstoevaluatequalitieslikecommunicationskills,teamworkorleadershipability,andlearningadaptability.(AI算法处理答案，以评估沟通能力、团队合作或领导能力、学习适应能力等素质)”可知，本文主要介绍了Sapia这一AI工具如何应用于人力资源领域，通过聊天机器人与求职者互动，利用AI算法对求职者进行评估，从而改变传统招聘方式。B项“HowSapiaisUsingAItoTransformRecruitingandHR(Sapia如何利用AI改变招聘和人力资源领域)”最能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouwanttobenoticedbyyourbossinagoodway,there’snoneedtoplotdetailedstrategiesorclimboveryourcolleagues.____16____.Herearefourthingsyoucansaythatwillendearyoutoanyboss:·“Ihaveasolution.”____17____.They’reusuallytheoneswhohavetocomeupwithallthesolutions.Thenexttimethere’sanissuethatyouneedtobringtoyourboss’sattention,comepreparedwithasolutioninhand.Whetherit’simplemented(执行)ornot,findingasolutiononyourownshowsinitiative,thoughtfulengagement,andcreativity.·“Itookcareofit.”Whenyoumakeamistake,findawaytocometoyourbossandsay,“ImadeamistakeandItookcareofit.”____18____.Thatwaywhat’smostmemorableisnotthemistake,butratheryourresponsibilityandaccountability.·“Icanhelp.”Offeringtohelpaworkmatewho’sstuck,overburdened,orunexpectedlycalledawayshowsinterestandwillingnesstodomore.____19____.Andit’llcastyouasanagentoffriendshipandteamwork.·“I’lldoit.”Especiallywhenyou’realreadyinahigh-pressureposition,nobodywantstotakeonmoreresponsibility.Butifyoulookatitfromadifferentperspective,it’sreallyanopportunitytoshowyourbossthatyou’reactive,willingtopitchin,ateamplayer,andreliable—establishingyouasanatural“go-to”person.____20____,butthepayoffishuge.Allofthesearepartoftheoveralljobofbuildingandmaintainingagoodrelationshipwithyourboss.Thewordsdon’thavetobeclosetobeeffective.A.Sure,it’salittleextraworkB.BosseshearlotsofproblemsalldayC.SaythethingsyourworkmateslovetohearD.ItshowsthatyouputyourheartintowhatyouaredoingE.SometimesitreallydoescomedowntothesimplethingsF.Ifpossible,alsosharewhatyou’redoingtopreventitfromhappeningagainG.Italsodemonstratesyourfocusonthebigpictureratherthanyourownrole【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.G20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了工作中的人如何获得老板关注的四条建议。【16题详析】前文“Ifyouwanttobenoticedbyyourbossinagoodway,there’snoneedtoplotdetailedstrategiesorclimboveryourcolleagues.(如果你想以一种好的方式引起老板的注意，就没有必要制定详细的策略或越过你的同事)”指出想被老板关注不需要非常复杂的操作，后文“Herearefourthingsyoucansaythatwillendearyoutoanyboss(这里有四句话可以让你受到老板的喜爱)”引出获得老板关注的建议，因此E项“Sometimesitreallydoescomedowntothesimplethings(有时候它真的可以归结为一些简单的事情)”符合语境，表明被老板关注其实很简单，承前启后。故选E。【17题详析】小标题“Ihaveasolution.(我有一个解决办法)”表明本段与解决办法相关，后文“They’reusuallytheoneswhohavetocomeupwithallthesolutions.(他们通常是必须提出所有解决方案的人)”指出老板要负责提出解决方案，因此B项“Bosseshearlotsofproblemsallday(老板们整天听到很多问题)”符合语境，指出老板被问题烦扰，解释了标题所给建议的原因，引出后文，其中的Bosses是后文They指代的对象。故选B。【18题详析】前文“Whenyoumakeamistake,findawaytocometoyourbossandsay,“ImadeamistakeandItookcareofit.”(当你犯了一个错误，想办法去找你的老板说：‘我犯了一个错误，我已经处理好了。’)”给出处理犯错情况的方法，后文“Thatwaywhat’smostmemorableisnotthemistake,butratheryourresponsibilityandaccountability.(这样的话，最令人难忘的不是错误，而是你的责任和担当)”评价某个做法的好处，因此F项“Ifpossible,alsosharewhatyou’redoingtopreventitfromhappeningagain(如果可能的话，也分享一下你正在做什么来防止类似的事情再次发生)”符合语境，进一步阐述如何处理犯错这个情况，和前文是递进关系，引出后文的评价，其中it的指代前文的amistake。故选F。【19题详析】前文“Offeringtohelpaworkmatewho’sstuck,overburdened,orunexpectedlycalledawayshowsinterestandwillingnesstodomore.(主动帮助陷入困境、负担过重或意外被叫走的同事，表明你有兴趣并愿意做更多的事情)”建议主动帮助遇到问题的同事，因此G项“Italsodemonstratesyourfocusonthebigpictureratherthanyourownrole(这也表明你关注大局，而不是你自己的角色)”符合语境，说明去帮助同事的积极意义，承接前文。故选G。【20题详析】小标题“

“I’lldoit.”(‘我来做’)”以及前文“Butifyoulookatitfromadifferentperspective,it’sreallyanopportunitytoshowyourbossthatyou’reactive,willingtopitchin,ateamplayer,andreliable—establishingyouasanatural“go-to”person.

(特别是当你已经处于高压状态时，没有人愿意承担更多的责任。但如果你从另一个角度来看，这确实是一个向你的老板展示你积极、愿意投入、有团队精神、可靠的机会——让你成为一个天生的‘知心人”人。)”指出主动承担更多工作的益处；A项“Sure,it’salittleextrawork(当然，这是一点额外的工作)”承接上文，指出主动承担更多的工作意味着额外的工作量，和后文“butthepayoffishuge(但回报是巨大的)”构成转折关系，符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlbertLexie,affectionatelyknownasthe“ShoeshineMan”,workedattheChildren’sHospitaloftheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCentreforover30years.Lexie____21____between2and5perpolish,earninghimjust$10,000peryear.Despitehis____22____income,Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips-____23____over$200,000-tothehospital’sFreeCareFund.Lexie____24____shiningshoesatthehospitalin1982andcontinuedhis____25____workuntil2013.Helefthishomeearlyeveryotherdayto____26____hispurpleshoeshinestandandbeganhisday.Whencustomersgavehimextra____27____,hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself.____28____,hedonatedeverylastbittothehospital.His____29____helpedensurethatallchildrenreceivedthemedicalcaretheyneeded.Whenaskedabouthiscommitment,Lexie_____30_____said,“Ihavemanykids.Ilovemykids.It’simportanttohelpmykids.”ChristopherGessner,presidentofUPMCChildren’sHospital,_____31_____Lexieforhiskindnessandgenerosity,statingthathis_____32_____farexceeded(超过)thetipshedonated.Lexie_____33_____severalawardsforhischarityworkandwashonouredbyhishometownwith“AlbertLexieDay”.In2012,heeven_____34_____achildren’sbooktitledAlbert’sKids,sharingthestoryofhisselflesswork.The_____35_____shoeshinerretiredin2013andpassedawayinOctober2018atage76.However,hislegacylivesonthroughhisenduringactsofkindness.21.A.distributed B.expected C.charged D.exchanged22.A.limited B.fancy C.raised D.stable23.A.owing B.taking C.lending D.totaling24.A.enjoyed B.started C.imagined D.admitted25.A.devoted B.formal C.demanding D.advanced26.A.pickout B.putaway C.setup D.teardown27.A.hugs B.shoes C.wishes D.tips28.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Besides D.However29.A.generosity B.guidance C.response D.honesty30.A.definitely B.scarcely C.simply D.strangely31.A.ignored B.blamed C.accepted D.praised32.A.approaches B.contributions C.instructions D.principles33.A.received B.launched C.prepared D.provided34.A.identified B.purchased C.released D.outlined35.A.selfish B.sensitive C.qualified D.kind【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了被亲切地称为“擦鞋人”的AlbertLexie在匹兹堡大学医学中心儿童医院工作了30多年，他将自己擦鞋所得的全部收入捐给了医院的免费护理基金，他的善举和慷慨得到了人们的赞扬，他的遗产也通过他持久的善行得以延续。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lexie每次擦鞋收费2到5美元，每年收入只有1万美元。A.distributed分配；B.expected期待；C.charged收费；D.exchanged交换。根据后文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”可知，Lexie每年收入有1万美元，这是他擦鞋的收，每次收费2到5美元。故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的收入有限，但Lexie还是无私地将他所有的小费——总计超过20万美元——捐给了医院的免费护理基金。A.limited有限的；B.fancy奇特的；C.raised提高的；D.stable稳定的。根据前文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”可知，Lexie每年的收入只有1万美元，说明他的收入是有限的。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的收入有限，但Lexie还是无私地将他所有的小费——总计超过20万美元——捐给了医院的免费护理基金。A.owing欠（钱）；B.taking拿走；C.lending借出；D.totaling总计。根据前文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”和后文“over$200,000”可知，他所有小费总计超过20万美元。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lexie于1982年开始在医院擦鞋，并一直持续到2013年。A.enjoyed享受；B.started开始；C.imagined想象；D.admitted承认。根据后文“in1982”和“andcontinuedhis5workuntil2013”可知，Lexie从1982年开始在医院擦鞋，并一直持续到2013年。故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lexie于1982年开始在医院擦鞋，并且一直做着他热爱的工作直到2013年。A.devoted热爱的；B.formal正式的；C.demanding要求高的；D.advanced先进的。根据前文“Lexieshiningshoesatthehospitalin1982andcontinuedhisworkuntil2013.”和后文“Helefthishomeearlyeveryotherday”可知，Lexie从事这份工作30多年，而且一直兢兢业业，说明这是他热爱的工作。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他每隔一天就早早离开家，搭起他的紫色擦鞋摊，开始一天的工作。A.pickout挑选；B.putaway收好；C.setup搭建；D.teardown拆除。根据后文“hispurpleshoeshinestand”可知，Lexie搭起他的紫色擦鞋摊。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当顾客给他额外的小费时，他一分也不留给自己。A.hugs拥抱；B.shoes鞋子；C.wishes愿望；D.tips小费。根据前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”和“Whencustomersgavehimextra...”可知，顾客给他额外小费，而且Lexie将它们全部都捐给了医院。故选D。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他把每一分钱都捐给了医院。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead相反；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根据前文“hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself”可知，Lexie没有给自己留下一分钱，相反，他把每一分钱都捐给了医院。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的慷慨确保了所有孩子都能得到他们所需的医疗护理。A.generosity慷慨；B.guidance指导；C.response回应；D.honesty诚实。根据前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”和“hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself,hedonatedeverylastbittothehospital.”可知，Lexie无私地将自己擦鞋所得的全部收入捐给了医院，这是慷慨之举。故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他的承诺时，Lexie只是说：“我有很多孩子。我爱我的孩子。帮助我的孩子很重要。”A.definitely明确地；B.scarcely几乎不；C.simply仅仅，只；D.strangely奇怪地。根据后文Lexie所说的话“Ihavemanykids.Ilovemykids.It’simportanttohelpmykids.”可知，这是Lexie对自己行为的一个简单解释，用副词simply表示“仅仅，只”，说明没有过多的修饰或复杂的表达。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：UPMC儿童医院院长ChristopherGessner赞扬了Lexie的善良和慷慨，称他的贡献远远超过了他所捐的小费。A.ignored忽视；B.blamed责备；C.accepted接受；D.praised赞扬。根据后文“forhiskindnessandgenerosity”可知，院长ChristopherGessner赞扬了Lexie的善良和慷慨。故选D。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：UPMC儿童医院院长ChristopherGessner赞扬了Lexie的善良和慷慨，称他的贡献远远超过了他所捐的小费。A.approaches方法；B.contributions贡献；C.instructions说明；D.principles原则。根据前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”以及后文“farexceededthetipshedonated”可知，Lexie的贡献远远超过了他所捐的小费。故选B。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lexie因其慈善工作获得了几个奖项，而且他的家乡为它设立了“AlbertLexie日”。A.r