2023-2024学年河南省平顶山市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省平顶山市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheoriginalpriceoftheconditioner?A.$5.B.$10.C.$20.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Doctorandpatient.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Putabagaway.B.Fetchabag.C.Pickupherson.4.WhatgiftdidAnnagetfromherjob?A.Awaterbottle.B.AT-shirt.C.ACD.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Talkingtoanewneighbour.B.Enjoyingclassicalmusic.C.Givingawarming.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Canada.B.TheUK.C.America.7.Whatkindofteadoesthewomanlikebest?A.Oolongtea.B.Longjingtea.C.Pu’ertea.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemanreturn?A.OnWednesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisjourney?A.$850.B.$815.C.$425.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howlonghasthemanbeenincollege?A.Forlessthanoneyear.B.Forabouttwoyears.C.Foralmostthreeyears.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttostudyrightnow?A.Art.B.Medicine.C.Chemistry.12.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Worried.B.Happy.C.Angry.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whathasdrawntheofficer’sattentiontotheman?A.Heisbuyingamagazineatnight.B.Heisoutlateatnightwearingawoman’shousecoat.C.Heisdrivingacarathighspeedtoanotherneighborhood.14.Whatisthemanusedtodoing?A.ReadingtheTimemagazinebeforesleep.B.Goingoutforawalkbeforegoingtobed.C.Talkingwithhiswifeaboutreading.15.Whydoestheofficeraskthemantogetintohercar?A.Shehascaughttheman.B.Shewillsendhimtothepolicestation.C.Shewantstodrivehimbackhome.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inthestreet.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydocollegestudentsneedtobeefficientreaders?A.Becausetheyworkfull-time.B.Becausetheyhavetodomuchreading.C.Becausetheyareaskedtoreadthreeorfourtimes.18.Howshouldstudentsdealwithheavyreadingtasks?A.Payattentiontosmalldetailswhilereading.B.Readatleastseveralchaptersatonesitting.C.Getkeyinformationbyreadingjustonceortwice.19.Howdostudentsmarkatextbook?A.Bychoosingone’sownsystemofmarking.B.Byunderliningthekeywordsandphrases.C.Byhighlightingdetailsinaredcolor.20.Howshouldstudentsprepareforanexam?A.Byreviewingonlythemarkedparts.B.Byworkingwiththeirpartners.C.Byreadingthetextbookscarefullyagain.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APetparents—catsanddogsunder20pounds—cantravelonCapitolCorridorfor$30one-way!Ifyourfurryfamilymemberfitsthebill,takethemonyournextadventure.Checkouttheinformationbelowandhowtobookyournexttrip.Ourcheck-inprocessissimple,makingtravelingwithyourfour-leggedfriendeasyandenjoyable.WhattoKnowAsyouplanyournexttraintripwithyourpet,notethatwewelcomeamaximum(最大)of6petspertrain.Bookingneedstohappeninadvanceandonlyonepetreservationisallowedpercustomer.Petscannotbebookedwithmulti-ridetickets,busconnectionsorunaccompaniedminors(未成年人).Whenatthestation,yourpetmustalwaystravelinacarrier,whichcountsasonepieceofcarry-onbaggage,andthecombinedweightofyourpetandcarrieris20pounds.Whileaboardtrains,itmustbeabletosit,liedownandremainentirelyinsidewithouttouchingthesidesofthecarrier.ItisnotpermittedintheCafé,orQuietCars.HowtoBookSelectyourtriponthebookingmachine.Addyourtraveldetailsandproceeduntilyouseetheoptiontocustomize(定制)yourtrip.Addapettoyourbookingfor$30.Contact800-USA-RAILifyouneedtochangeyourreservation.TheRulesYourpetmustbeatleasteightweeksoldandbeunsmelly,harmless,notdisruptive,andrequirenoattentionduringtravel.Youconfirmthatyourpetisuptodateonallvaccinationsandacceptresponsibilityforyourpetbysigningthepetreleasedocumentatcheck-in.1.Howmuchdoesapetownerhavetopayforthepetforaround-trip?A.$15. B.$30. C.$45. D.$60.2.Whatdoesapetownerneedtodoifhe/sheistotakeacatonboard?A.Bookaheadofschedule. B.Takeacarrierweighing20pounds.C.Buyamulti-rideticket. D.Contact800-USA-RAILfirst.3.Whatarepetsallowedtodo?A.EatintheCafé. B.SleepinQuietCars.C.Travelinacarrier. D.Liebehindthedoor.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了携带宠物乘坐火车的一些相关政策和要求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Petparents—catsanddogsunder20pounds—cantravelonCapitolCorridorfor$30one-way!(宠物父母——20磅以下的猫和狗——可以在国会走廊旅行，单程30美元！)”可知，体重在20磅以下的猫和狗乘坐火车单程需要支付30美元，那么往返则需要支付60美元。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Bookingneedstohappeninadvanceandonlyonepetreservationisallowedpercustomer.(需要提前预订，每位顾客只允许预订一只宠物)”可知，携带宠物乘坐火车需要提前预订。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whileaboardtrains,itmustbeabletosit,liedownandremainentirelyinsidewithouttouchingthesidesofthecarrier.(在火车上，它必须能够坐下，躺下，并完全留在里面，而不接触载体的侧面)”可知，宠物必须待在笼子里。故选C。BSadaf’schildhoodwashappy.Sheenjoyedgoingtoschoolandmeetingherfriends.Butoneday,shereturnedhomerunningahightemperature.“Wethoughtitwasregularflu.ButweweretoldthatIwouldnotbeabletowalkeveragainnow,”sherecalls.Sadafwasjust10yearsoldthen.AfterthefamilywasturneddownbydoctorsinKashmir,theywenttoMumbai,whereanoperationwasperformedtotreatherlegs.Buteventually,Sadafhadtorelyonawheelchairtomovearound.Bythistime,shehadtodiscontinuehereducation.Thingsworsenedwhenherfather,her“onlysourceofsupport”,passedaway.“Everyoneexceptmyfatherdoubtedmycapabilities.Buthealwaysencouragedmetodreambig.Imissedhim.”“ThereweredayswhenIwouldendupcryingallday,sittingaloneinmyroom.Iwasgettingintodepression,”shesays.“Bynow,I’verealizedthatIhavetoeitherendmylifeorstruggletoprovemyself.Ichosethelatter.Iwantedtoprovetotheworldthatpeoplelikemecanalsoachievesomething.Ihadjustlostmyabilitytowalk,notmyabilitytousemybrain,”sheadds.ThatiswhenSadafdecidedtostepupforherself.In2015,sheopenedashopbuthadtoshutitacoupleofyearslaterastheworkaffectedhereyesight.Shesays,“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.IhavealsobeenawardedmultipletimesbytheJammuandKashmirBasketballAssociation.”Recently,SadaftriedsellinguniquespicesoftheKashmirvalley.“Today,Ihaveestablishedmyownbusinesswithoutanyone’semotionalorfinancialsupport.PeoplewouldquestionmewhatIcouldachievesittinginawheelchair,whentheireducatedandable-bodiedchildrensatidly(闲散地).Nowtheverysamepeoplegivemyexampletoothers,”shesays.Sadafbelievesthatpeoplewithdisabilitiesshouldneverdoubtthemselves.“Ifyouhearotherssaysomethingnotsopositive,youmayendupdepressed.Insteadoflivingwithintheconfines(限制)ofaroom,trytoproveyourself,”sheadvises.4.WhatdidSadafloseafterherfather’sdeath?A.Walkingability. B.Financialsupport.C.Spiritualbacking. D.Preciouseyesight.5.WhydidSadaftrybasketball?A.Tobuildupherbody. B.Toproveherself.C.Towinawards. D.Topursueherdream.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSadaf?A.Talentedbutinflexible. B.Disabledbutlearned.C.Independentandhonest. D.Determinedandcapable.7.WhatmessagecanwegetfromSadaf'sstory?A.Afineexamplehaslimitlesspower. B.Donotletyourdisabilityruleyou.C.Encouragementisthesourceofpower. D.Donotputallyoureggsinonebasket.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了残疾人Sadaf不顾他人的质疑用行动证明自己的励志故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thingsworsenedwhenherfather,her‘onlysourceofsupport’,passedaway.(当她“唯一的支柱”父亲去世后，情况变得更糟了)”可知，Sadaf的父亲是她的支柱，是唯一一个支持鼓励她的人，因此父亲的去世让她失去了精神支柱。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Bynow,I’verealizedthatIhavetoeitherendmylifeorstruggletoprovemyself.(到现在为止，我意识到我要么结束自己的生命，要么努力证明自己)”以及第七段中的“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.(但我想尝试一切。所以我也决定打篮球)”可知，Sadaf打篮球是为了证明自己。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Iwantedtoprovetotheworldthatpeoplelikemecanalsoachievesomething.Ihadjustlostmyabilitytowalk,notmyabilitytousemybrain(我想向世界证明，像我这样的人也能有所成就。我只是失去了走路的能力，而不是失去了思考的能力)”和第七段中的“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.(但我想尝试一切。所以我也决定打篮球)”和最后一段的“Sadafbelievesthatpeoplewithdisabilitiesshouldneverdoubtthemselves.(萨达夫认为，残疾人永远不应该怀疑自己)”可知，Sadaf虽然残疾，但是她开店、打篮球、做生意，非常能干，而且在别人的质疑中勇敢地证明自己的能力，因此也是意志坚定的，所以用“有决心，有能力”能最好描述Sadaf。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据Sadaf的故事以及最后一段中“Ifyouhearotherssaysomethingnotsopositive,youmayendupdepressed.Insteadoflivingwithintheconfines(限制)ofaroom,trytoproveyourself,(如果你听到别人说一些不太积极的话，你可能会感到沮丧。不要限制在一个房间里，试着证明你自己)”可推知，她建议人们要去证明自己的能力，而不要让残疾限制自己。故选B项。CAnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.ResearcherAgataTroostandhercolleaguesatDelftUniversityofTechnologyusedanationaldatabasetotracktheaddressofeveryDutchbabybornin1995,atotalof140,338people,frombirthtoage23.Usinggeolocatingsoftware,theydrewupasocioeconomicprofile(概况)foreachchild'simmediateneighborhood,figuringthepercentageofneighborswhowererich,middleclassordisadvantaged.Aftercontrollinganumberofotherfactors,includingparents’earningsandlevelsofeducation,theresearchersfoundthatachild'sownexperienceofwealthorpovertymatteredlesstotheirultimatelevelofschoolingthanexposuretowell-offneighbors.Thedatasuggestthatgrowingupinaricharea,withwell-maintainedparks,librariesandsoccerfields,aswellasinteractionswitheducatedneighbors,couldboostapoorchild'sabilitytoseebeyondtheirimmediatehorizons(眼界).“Richfamiliescreateneighborhoodsandactivitiesthatcreateopportunities,”saidMs.Troost,andtheseadvantagesaresharedwithotherchildrenwhohappentolivenearby.ThefindingechoesanearlierstudybyMr.Chettyandhiscolleagues,whichshowedthathavingevenoneinspiringteacherinmiddleschoolcanimproveastudent’scareerprospects.Whetherintheclassroomoronthestreet,itseemsthatsocialinteractionsoutsidethefamilycanstartayoungperson'smotivationandambition.Atthesametime,thestudyalsostressedtheimportanceofthehomeenvironment.Whenparentsarewelleducated,childrenarelikelytobe,too.Andthat'sthemoralofthestory:Neighborhoodscanhavedifferenteffectsondifferentchildren,dependingonhoweducatedtheirparentsare,whethertheyaremaleorfemale,andhowmuchcasualcontacttheyhavewithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromtheirownfamilies.“Location,location,location”maybeaoldsayingforbuyingahouse,butwe'relearningthatitalsoholdstrueforchildren'sdevelopment.8.Whataspectoftheresearchisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Itspurpose. B.Itsprinciple. C.Itsmethod. D.Itsresult.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“echoes”inparagraph4mean?A.Goesagainst. B.Agreeswith. C.Worksfor. D.Relatesto.10.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anovel. C.Amagazine. D.Aguidebook.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBenefitsofEducatedParents B.ThePowerofaGoodNeighborhoodC.TheDecisiveFactorinaChild'sGrowth D.TheLocationYourNewHouseShouldHave【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现，即对一个孩子最终的教育水平而言，其邻居的富裕程度是一个重要因素，其影响甚至超过了他们自己家庭的经济状况。【8题详析】主旨大意题。由文章第二段“ResearcherAgataTroostandhercolleaguesatDelftUniversityofTechnologyusedanationaldatabasetotracktheaddressofeveryDutchbabybornin1995,atotalof140,338people,frombirthtoage23.Usinggeolocatingsoftware,theydrewupasocioeconomicprofile(概况)foreachchild'simmediateneighborhood,figuringthepercentageofneighborswhowererich,middleclassordisadvantaged.(代尔夫特理工大学的研究员阿加塔·特罗斯特和她的同事们利用一个国家数据库追踪了1995年出生的每一个荷兰婴儿的住址，从出生到23岁，总共有140338人。利用地理定位软件，他们为每个孩子的近邻绘制了一份社会经济概况，计算出富人、中产阶级或弱势群体的邻居所占比例。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究的方法：使用地理定位软件，为140338个荷兰孩子的直接邻居绘制社会经济状况概况，计算富裕、中产阶级或贫困邻居的百分比。故选C。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Richfamiliescreateneighborhoodsandactivitiesthatcreateopportunities,”saidMs.Troost,andtheseadvantagesaresharedwithotherchildrenwhohappentolivenearby.(“富裕的家庭创造了社区和活动，创造了机会，”特罗斯特说，而碰巧住在附近的其他孩子也能分享这些优势。)”和“anearlierstudybyMr.Chettyandhiscolleagues,whichshowedthathavingevenoneinspiringteacherinmiddleschoolcanimproveastudent’scareerprospects.(切蒂和他的同事们早些时候的一项研究，该研究表明，即使在中学有一位鼓舞人心的老师，也能改善学生的职业前景。)”可知，富裕家庭创造社区和活动，创造机会，与其他住在附近的孩子分享这些优势。即该研究结果与Chetty及其同事之前的一项研究相一致，划线词的意思为“与……一致，与……相呼应”。A.Goesagainst违背，违反；B.Agreeswith与……一致；C.Worksfor为……工作；D.Relatesto与……相关。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“AnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.(荷兰的一项新研究发现，影响孩子最终教育水平的一个重要因素，甚至比他们自己家庭的经济状况更重要，那就是他们是否与附近富裕的邻居一起长大。)”可知，本文主要介绍了儿童成长过程中，邻居等因素的影响，这是一个研究。因此文章可能选自杂志。故选C。【11题详析】标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“AnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.(荷兰的一项新研究发现，影响孩子最终教育水平的一个重要因素，甚至比他们自己家庭的经济状况更重要，那就是他们是否与附近富裕的邻居一起长大。)”可知，本文主要讲述对一个孩子最终的教育水平而言，其成长的邻居的富裕程度是一个重要因素，其影响甚至超过了他们自己家庭的经济状况。故选项B“ThePowerofaGoodNeighborhood(好邻居的力量)”符合题意。故选B。DImagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.Thesedays,youhavetomakeadecisiononnotonlythepercentageoffatyouwant,butalsowhatsourceyouwantyourmilktobecomingfrom:cows,soybeans...Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.Thisphenomenonisknownastheparadox(悖论)ofchoiceanditisbecomingaconcerninthemodernworld,wheremoreandmoreoptionsarebecomingeasilyavailabletous.Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.TheideawaspopularizedbyAmericanpsychologistBarrySchwartzwhenhepublishedhisbook,TheParadoxofChoice:WhyMoreIsLess.Schwartz,whohaslongstudiedthewaysinwhicheconomicsandpsychologyintersect(交叉),becameinterestedinseeingthewaythatchoiceswereaffectingthehappinessofcitizensinWesternsocieties.Heidentifiedthattherangeofchoicesthatwehaveavailabletousthesedaysisfargreaterthanthatpeoplehadinthepast;however,consumersatisfactionhasnotincreasedasmuchastraditionaleconomicstheoriesmightexpect.Schwartzidentifiedthattheparadoxofchoicecarriesthemostconsequenceforpeoplethataremaximizers.Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.Whentherearemanyoptionsavailabletomaximizers,itbecomesharderforthemtodeterminewhichisthebest,whichcancausethemtofeelagreatdealofregretaftertheyhavemadeachoice.Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.12.What’stheauthor’spurposeinmentioningbuyingmilkinparagraph1?A.Toleadinthetopic.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Toshowthatwehavemorechoiceswhenshopping.D.Toindicatethatpeoplepaygreaterattentiontohealthwhenshopping.13.Whatdoestheparadoxofchoicesuggest?A.Moreoptionsmeanlesssatisfaction.B.Consumersatisfactionhasgreatlyincreased.C.Peoplearehappywithmorechoices.D.Modernpeoplearehappierthantheirancestors.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsatisficers?A.Theyaimfortheverybest. B.Theytendtofollowtheirfeelings.C.Theyoftenregrettheirdecisions. D.Theyhavetroublemakingadecision.15.WhatdoesSchwartzsuggestpeopledo?A.Holdontotheirbeliefs. B.Accepttheirownbehavior.C.Giveupfreedom. D.Limittheirownchoices.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了“选择悖论”这一现象，即过多的选择会让人们感到困惑和不满，从而降低消费者的满意度。文章还介绍了“最大化者”和“满足者”的区别，以及心理学和行为经济学在解决这一问题中的作用。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Imagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.(想象一下，你需要牛奶，所以你去杂货店买了一些，却发现有几十种选择)”以及“Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.(你不知道该选什么牛奶。有太多的选择让你感到困惑)”可知，购物时牛奶品类众多，以至于很难做出决策。是下文“选择的悖论”这一现象的一个案例。由此可推知，文章第一段提到买牛奶就是为了引出文章的话题。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.(虽然我们可能认为，提供多种选择实际上会让我们更容易选择一种我们满意的选择，从而提高消费者满意度，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意)”可知，选择太多实际上需要付出更多的努力才能做出决定，这会让我们对自己的选择感到不满意。由此可推知，更多的选择意味着更少的满足感。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.(与满足者不同，最大化者关心的是做出最好的选择，而不是简单地做出他们满意的选择)”可推知，满足者跟随自己的感觉，不纠结于必须做出“最好的”决定。故选B。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.(施瓦茨不认为选择的自由是无限的，而是主张心理学和行为经济学的作用应该是找到对自由的限制，从而在社会中获得最大程度的幸福)”可知，施瓦茨建议人们限制自己的选择。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Drawingisagreatwaytoexpressyourselfandshareyourcreativitywithothers.___16___That’sbecauseyouneedonlysimplesupplies.Checkoutthesetipstomakeyourdrawingskillsbetter.GathersuppliesOneofthebestpartsaboutdrawingisthatyoucangetstartedrightawaywithpaperandpencilsyoualreadyhaveDrawinginasketchbook(素描册)isalsoagreatidea.___17___Youcanalsoexperimentwithotherdrawingmaterials,likecoloredpencilsormarkers.PickyoursubjectWhenthinkingaboutwhattodraw,choosesomethingyoufeelexcitedabout.____18____Itemsaroundyourhome,likeabowloffruitorafavoritetoy,canalsobegreatsubjects.Ifyoucan’tfindexactlywhatyou'relookingfor,seekinspirationonlineandprintoutwhatyou'dliketodraw.Drawoften___19___Ifsomethingdoesattractyou,trytoworkonitasoftenasyoucan.Putasmallsketchbookinyourbackpacksoyoucandrawwhenyouhavefreetime,likewhenyou'rewaitingforanactivitytostart.Youcouldevengiveyourselfminichallenges.Forexample,youcandrawthesameobjectforaweekandseehowmuchyouimprove.SeekoutmoreresourcesYoucanimproveyourdrawingbypracticingonyourown,butyoucanalsogetbetterwithhelp.Askalibrariantohelpyousearchforstep-by-stepdrawingbooksatyourlocalorschoollibrary.Museumsandartstudiosinyourareamayalsoofferdrawingclasses.___20___A.Itisalsoaneasyhobbytopursue.B.Ittakespracticetogetreallygoodatdrawing.C.Youwon'tdrawperfectlyunlessyou'repatientenough.D.Askanartteacheratschooltopointyouintherightdirection.E.Itcanhelpyoueasilylookbackatyourworkandseeyourprogress.F.Whenyoustartdrawing,thinkofyoursubjectintermsofsimpleshapes.G.Youcoulddrawabeautifultreeorgotoalocalparkandsketchthelandscape.【答案】16.A17.E18.G19.B20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绘画是一种表达自我和与他人分享创意的好方式，并给出了一些提高绘画技巧的建议，包括准备简单的绘画用品、选择自己感兴趣的主题、经常练习、寻求更多资源等。【16题详析】由上文“Drawingisagreatwaytoexpressyourselfandshareyourcreativitywithothers.(绘画是一种很好的表达自己和与他人分享你的创造力的方式)”和下文“That’sbecauseyouneedonlysimplesupplies.(那是因为你只需要简单的用品)”可知，本空要说跟“绘画简单”有关的话题，A选项“Itisalsoaneasyhobbytopursue.(这也是一个容易追求的爱好)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【17题详析】空前“OneofthebestpartsaboutdrawingisthatyoucangetstartedrightawaywithpaperandpencilsyoualreadyhaveDrawinginasketchbook(素描册)isalsoagreatidea.(关于绘画的最好的部分之一是，你可以马上开始用纸和铅笔，你已经在速写本上画画也是一个好主意)”讲到在素描册上绘画是个好主意，空后“Youcanalsoexperimentwithotherdrawingmaterials,likecoloredpencilsormarkers.(你也可以尝试其他的绘画材料，比如彩色铅笔或马克笔)”讲到你也可以尝试其他绘画材料。因此可判断空格处应与在素描册上绘画的好处有关，E选项“Itcanhelpyoueasilylookbackatyourworkandseeyourprogress.(它可以帮助你轻松地回顾你的作品，并看到你的进步)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【18题详析】空前“Whenthinkingaboutwhattodraw,choosesomethingyoufeelexcitedabout.(在考虑画什么的时候，选择一些让你感到兴奋的东西)”讲到选择让你感到兴奋的东西作为绘画主题，空后“Itemsaroundyourhome,likeabowloffruitorafavoritetoy,canalsobegreatsubjects.Ifyoucan’tfindexactlywhatyou'relookingfor,seekinspirationonlineandprintoutwhatyou'dliketodraw.(你家里的东西，比如一碗水果或一个最喜欢的玩具，也可以是很好的主题。如果你找不到你想要的东西，在网上寻找灵感，把你想画的东西打印出来)”讲到家里的物品，如一碗水果或一个最喜欢的玩具，也可以是很好的主题。因此可判断空格处应与选择主题的建议有关，G选项“Youcoulddrawabeautifultreeorgotoalocalparkandsketchthelandscape.(你可以画一棵美丽的树，或者去当地的公园画风景)”符合语境。故选G。【19题详析】本段标题“Drawoften(经常画)”讲到要经常绘画，可知，本空要说经常画的好处，B选项“Ittakespracticetogetreallygoodatdrawing.(多练习才能变得擅长绘画)”符合语境。故选B。【20题详析】由空前“Youcanimproveyourdrawingbypracticingonyourown,butyoucanalsogetbetterwithhelp.Askalibrariantohelpyousearchforstep-by-stepdrawingbooksatyourlocalorschoollibrary.Museumsandartstudiosinyourareamayalsoofferdrawingclasses.(你可以通过自己练习来提高你的绘画水平，但你也可以在别人的帮助下变得更好。让图书管理员帮你在当地或学校图书馆寻找循序渐进的绘画书籍。你所在地区的博物馆和艺术工作室也可能提供绘画课程)”可判断，空格处应与向他人寻求帮助有关，D选项“Askanartteacheratschooltopointyouintherightdirection.(向学校的美术老师寻求正确的指导)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Afterwinningthe100-meterdashatthe2023WorldAthleticsChampionshipsinAugust,26-year-oldsprinter(短跑运动员)NoahLyleswasnamed“World’sFastestMan”.Nowhehashis___21___setonwinningmoremedalsatthe2024ParisOlympics.Lyles,thesonoftwoformerrunners,grewupinAlexandria,Virginia.Hebegan___22___asasprinterwhenhewasateenageranddreamedofgoingtotheOlympics.He___23___foraspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot___24___.Fortunately,in2021,he___25___theUSteamfortheTokyoGamesandwonabronzemedalinthe200-meterrace.Lyleshasbeen___26___withlegendaryJamaicansprinterUsainBolt,whohasheldthesame___27___“World’sFastestMan”.Boltwonthe100meterand200meterracesattheWorldChampionshipsandstillholdsthe___28___inthe200meterwithatimeof19.19seconds,setin2009.Lyles’besttimeforthatraceis19.31,andhesaidhis___29___istorunitin19.10seconds,whichwouldbreakBolt’srecord.Lylessaidthathedidnot___30___toprunnerslikeBoltasidols(偶像)whilegrowingup.“Ibelievedinmyselfandinlearningsomethingfrom___31___people,becauseeveryonehastheirownadvantage,”hesaid.Afterhiswin,Lylessaidhefeltthathisyearsoftrainingandpatiencehavefinally___32___.InParisnextyear,Lyleshopestowinmoregolds.“IfIgotthreegoldmedalsattheWorldChampionships,maybeIhavethe___33___togetthreegoldmedalsattheOlympics,”hesaid.Hisanotherexpectationistomaketrackandfieldmore___34___andaccessibletoalargenumberofpeople.“I’mtryingtomakesurethateverybodycomesand___35___thesport,”hesaid.21.A.sights B.opinions C.predictions D.demands22.A.advertising B.competing C.defending D.debating23.A.looked B.answered C.accounted D.tried24.A.quit B.respond C.qualify D.regret25.A.made B.created C.refused D.recommended26.A.combined B.replaced C.blessed D.compared27.A.dream B.standard C.title D.talent28.A.passion B.record C.feature D.belief29.A.responsibility B.suggestion C.solution D.goal30.A.copy B.view C.recall D.serve31.A.different B.famous C.gifted D.determined.32.A.ranout B.paidoff C.cameback D.spedup33.A.potential B.honor C.pressure D.option34.A.flexible B.stable C.formal D.popular35.A.reports B.evaluates C.enjoys D.improves【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.D30.B31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了26岁的短跑运动员NoahLyles在2023年8月的世界田径锦标赛上获得了100米短跑冠军后，将目光投向了在2024年巴黎奥运会上赢得更多奖牌，并希望让田径运动更受欢迎。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，他的目标是在2024年巴黎奥运会上赢得更多奖牌。A.sights目标；B.opinions意见；C.predictions预测；D.demands需求。根据后文的“winningmoremedalsatthe2024ParisOlympics”可知，在2024年巴黎奥运会上赢得更多奖牌是他的设定的目标。setone’ssightson“以……为目标,立志于”。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他十几岁时就作为短跑运动员开始比赛，并梦想着参加奥运会。A.advertising做广告；B.competing比赛；C.defending保护；D.debating辩论。根据后文的“asasprinterwhenhewasateenageranddreamedofgoingtotheOlympics.”可知，他十几岁时就作为短跑运动员比赛。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，他曾试图进入美国奥运代表队，但没有获得参赛资格。A.looked看；B.answered回答；C.accounted认为；D.tried尝试。根据后文的“foraspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot”可知，他没有获得参赛资格，可知他曾试图进入美国奥运代表队。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，他曾试图进入美国奥运代表队，但他没有获得参赛资格。A.quit退出；B.respond回答；C.qualify具有资格；D.regret后悔。根据前文的“Heforaspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot”but表示转折可知，他曾试图进入美国奥运代表队，但他没有获得参赛资格。故选C项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在2021年，他入选了美国代表团参加东京奥运会，并在200米赛跑中获得了一枚铜牌。A.made成为；B.created创建；C.refused拒绝；D.recommended推荐。根据后文的“theUSteamfortheTokyoGamesandwonabronzemedalinthe200-meterrace”可知，他入选了美国代表团参加东京奥运会。maketheteam“加入队伍，组队”。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lyles被拿来与牙买加传奇短跑运动员UsainBolt相比较，后者拥有相同的“世界上跑得最快的人”的头衔。A.combined组合；B.replaced取代；C.blessed祝福；D.compared比较。根据后文的“withlegendaryJamaicansprinterUsainBolt”可知，Lyles被拿来与牙买加传奇短跑运动员UsainBolt相比较。故选D项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lyles被拿来与牙买加传奇短跑运动员UsainBolt相比较，后者拥有相