【高二上期末】辽宁省丹东市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

21/212020—2021学年度(上)期末质量监测高二英语本试卷分三部分，卷面分数120分，总分150分。考试用时100分钟。第一部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AForthosewho’vealwayswantedtowalkthehallsofHogwartsorexploretheshopsofDiagonAlley(对角巷)，UniversalOrlandooffersthenextbestthing.ThethemeparkopenedeveryHarryPotterfan’sdreamplacebackin2010.ForPotterheadseverywhere,however,decidingwhentomakethetriptotheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterisnoteasy.ThesetipswillhelpyouexperiencethebestoftheWizardingWorld,whetheryou’relookingtosavemoney,avoidthebusyseason,orsimplyexperiencethemostmagicaltimesoftheyear.ThecheapesttimestovisitHarryPotter’sworldThecheapest(andleastbusy)monthstovisittheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterareJanuaryandmostofFebruary,exceptthedayssurroundingtheNewYearandwinterbreak.OtherinexpensivetimesincludethebeginningofMarchandmostofSeptemberandOctober.ThebestHarryPottereventsatUniversalWhiletheymaynotbethequietesttimestoexploreHarryPotter’sworld,Universalholdsmanyeventsthroughouttheyearthatfanswon’twanttomiss.ACelebrationofHarryPotterForaweekendeveryJanuary,UniversalhostsACelebrationofHarryPotter.Guests(wearingtheirclassrobes,nodoubt)willjoinotherdiehardPotterfansforthreedaysofexhibits,discussionsandcastQ&Aactivities.Foranyonewhoreallylovesthebooksandthefilms,thismaybeoneofthebesttimesoftheyeartovisit.ChristmasintheWizardingWorldUniversal’snewadditionstotheirholidayentertainmentlineupmakeHogwartstheperfectplacetobearoundChristmastime.DecorationsaddbeautytotheshopsofDiagonAlleyandHogsmeade,theFrogChoirsingsChristmascarols(颂歌)，andsnowfallsonHogwartsasafestiveshowtakesplaceinfrontofthecastle.HalloweenintheWizardingWorldLastly(andperhapsmostsurprisingly),HalloweenseasonisalsoagoodtimeforamagicalvisittotheWizardingWorld.Universal’smainHalloweenevent,HalloweenHorrorNights,producesaspecialHarryPotter-relatedsurprise.1.WhichtimescostsmosttovisitHarryPotter’sworld?A.JanuaryandmostofFebruary.B.NewYearandwinterbreak.C.ThebeginningofMarch.D.MostofSeptemberandOctober.2.WhatwillpeopledointheeventofACelebrationofHarryPotter?A.TheywilljoinotherPotterfansforvariousactivities.B.TheywilldecoratetheshopsandsingChristmascarols.C.Theywillwatchafestiveshowtakingplaceinfrontofthecastle.D.TheywillgetaspecialHarryPotter-relatedsurprise.3.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToinformreadersofsomeeventsaboutHarryPotter.B.TointroducetheUniversalOrlandotoreaders.C.TohelpexperiencethebestofWizardingWorld.D.ToadvertisethebooksandfilmsofHarryPotter.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要向哈利波特的粉丝们介绍哈利波特魔法世界的主题公园，并给出游客一些游玩的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecheapest(andleastbusy)monthstovisittheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterareJanuaryandmostofFebruary,exceptthedayssurroundingtheNewYearandwinterbreak.”（参观哈利波特魔法世界最不忙/最便宜的月份是除了新年左右和寒假的一月和二月的大多数时候）可知寒假和新年左右是最忙/最贵的时候。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Guests(wearingtheirclassrobes,nodoubt)willjoinotherdiehardPotterfansforthreedaysofexhibits,discussionsandcastQ&Aactivities.”（游客，无疑穿着各阶级的长袍，将要加入其他哈利波特的忠实粉丝，与他们一起参加看展，讨论，扮演，问答等活动）可知，游客与哈利波特粉丝一起参加给种各样的活动，故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThesetipswillhelpyouexperiencethebestoftheWizardingWorld”（这些小建议会帮助你体验世界上最好的魔法世界）可知，本文的主要目的是让游客在哈利波特主题公园有最好的体验。故选C项。BKatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2020,aged101.The2016moviedescribesarealstoryofsomefemaleAfrican-AmericanmathematicianswhojoinedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)andledamissiontoputthefirstmanonthemooninthe1950swhenracialdiscriminationwaswidespread.“NASAisdeeplysaddenedbythelossofaleaderfromourpioneeringdays,”saidNASAadministratorJimBridenstineonthewebpageofNASA.“Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationenlargethefrontiers(边界)ofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.”JohnsonwasborninWestVirginiain1918.ShegraduatedfromWestVirginiaStateUniversitywithamajorinmathematicsandbecameateacheratapublicschool.ShewasalsothefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantoattendgraduateschoolinmathematicsatWestVirginiaUniversityuntilsheleftschooltofocusonraisingchildren.Herlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.Arelativetoldheraboutopenpositionsattheall-blackWestAreaComputingsectionattheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics’sLangleylaboratory,andshebegantoworkatLangleythenextyear.NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospace(航空)calculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.Femalemathematiciansusuallytookthejobastheirsalarywaslower.JohnsonwasoneofthoseAfrican-Americanhumancomputers.JohnsonwasinitiallyinchargeofaerospaceanalysisandassignedtoaspacedevelopmentmissionwhenNASAwaslaunchedin1958.Thensheworkedforthe1961suborbital(亚轨道的)flightofastronautAlanShepardandthe1962orbitalflightofJohnGlenn.Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.HerhiddenachievementswerefinallypublicizedwhenformerU.S.PresidentBarackObamagrantedherthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin2015andherdramaticlifewasmadeintoamovie.4.WhatdidBridenstine’swordsinthesecondparagraphmainlywanttotellus?A.ToshowNASA’sappreciationforJohnson’sleadership.B.ToexpressallAmericans’regretoverJohnson’sdeath.C.ToshowJohnson’scontributionstospaceexploration.D.ToemphasizeNASA’sachievementsinspaceexploration.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Johnsonusedtoworkinaprivateschool.B.Johnsonworkedfortheaerospaceindustryforatleast33years.C.JohnsonstarredinthemovieHiddenFigures.D.JohnsonwasthefirstwomantoattendgraduateschoolintheU.S.6.WhydidNASAdependonhumansforcomplexaerospacecalculation?A.Itwascheapertohirehumans.B.Thecomputersatthattimeweren’tadvancedenough.C.Itcouldn’taffordtobuyelectroniccomputers.D.Intermsofcalculation,humansweremoreaccuratethancomputers.7.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A.TopromoteHiddenFigures.B.Tohighlightthegreatnessofwomen.C.TohonorthegreatmathematicianKatherineJohnson.D.TotellreadersaboutJohnson’slifetimeachievements.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述2020年2月24号美国登月的幕后功臣约翰逊夫人去世，享年101岁，并讲述了约翰逊夫人对美国登月的贡献以及她的传奇经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationenlargethefrontiers(边界)ofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.（约翰逊夫人帮助了我们的国家扩大了太空领域的边界。她在为女性和不同肤色的人种探索太空打开了大门方面起着重要的作用。在航天局，我们永远不会忘记她的勇气和指导，还有那些没有她我们不会取得的成就。）”可知，第二段主要讲述约翰逊夫人在太空探索方面做出了很大的贡献。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“ShegraduatedfromWestVirginiaStateUniversitywithamajorinmathematicsandbecameateacheratapublicschool.（她毕业于西弗吉尼亚州立大学数学系，毕业后在一所公立学校教书。）”可知，她是在公立学校而不是私立学校教书，故A选项错误；根据第四段第一句“Herlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.（在长期职业生涯中断后，她的人生在1952年发生了变化。）”以及“shebegantoworkatLangleythenextyear.（她第二年开始在Langley工作。）”和“Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.（约翰逊在1986年退休后继续参加任务。）”可知，她1953年开始做航天工作，1986年退休，工作了至少33年。故B选项正确；根据第一段第一句“KatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2020,aged101.（约翰逊夫人在2020年2月24号去世，享年101岁，HiddenFigures这部电影里描述了她的人生。）”可知，电影里讲述了她的人生故事，而不是她主演了这部电影，故C选项错误；根据第三段最后一句“ShewasalsothefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantoattendgraduateschoolinmathematicsatWestVirginiaUniversityuntilsheleftschooltofocusonraisingchildren.（她是第一个西弗吉尼亚州立大学数学系的非裔美国籍研究生直到她离开学校专注于抚养孩子。）”可知，不是美国的第一位读研的人，D选项错误。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospace(航空)calculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.（美国航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算，因为那时候没有高性能的电子计算机。）”可知美国航天局依靠人来做复杂的航空数学计算主要是因为那时候的计算机还不够先进。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“KatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2020,aged101.The2016moviedescribesarealstoryofsomefemaleAfrican-AmericanmathematicianswhojoinedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)andledamissiontoputthefirstmanonthemooninthe1950swhenracialdiscriminationwaswidespread.（约翰逊夫人在2020年2月24号去世，享年101岁，HiddenFigures这部电影里描述了她的人生。这部2016年的电影描述了一位非裔美国籍女数学家的真实故事，她加入了美国航天局并且在20世纪50年代种族歧视很普遍的情况下领导了把第一个人类送上月球的任务。）”可知约翰逊夫人去世，作者通过这篇文章缅怀她。故选C。CDespitenotbeingdocumentedbyresearcherssince1968,thesengi(象鼩),atinybig-eyedmousewithalongtailandatrunk-likenosethat’snativetoSomaliainAfrica,wasrediscoveredlivinginwell-preservedhabitatinneighboringDjiboutithisyear,andinquitehealthynumbers.Anexplorationbeginningin2019lookedtouselocalknowledgeaboutthesengifromthepeopleofDjiboutiwhosaiditwasstillthere.Sureenough,ittookonlyonetrapfilledwithcoconut,peanutbutterandyeasttofindthelittleguy."Itwassurprising,"saidStevenHeritage,aresearchscientistatDukeUniversityintheUS."Whenweopenedthefirsttrapandsawthelittletuftofhaironthetipofitstail,wejustlookedatoneanotherandcouldn’tbelieveit.Anumberofsmallmammal(哺乳动物)surveyssincethe1970sdidnotfindtheSomalisengiinDjibouti—itwasindeedaserendipitousdiscovery."Oneoftheleastunderstoodmembersofthe20speciesElephantulus(象鼩属),thesengilivesinhabitatsthatareunsuitableformosthumanactivities,allowingittoremainrelativelyundisturbedandsafe."Usuallywhenwerediscoverlostspecies,wefindjustoneortwoindividualsandhavetoactquicklytotrytopreventtheirextinction,"saidRobinMoore,oftheGlobalWildlifeConservation(GWC)group.Theteamset1,000trapsandcaught12ofthelittlesengiswhilemakingthefirstvideoandphotographicdocumentationoftheanimalforscience.Alongwithrediscoveringthespecies,theteamgatheredDNAsampleswhichlatershowedtheSomalisengitobemorecloselyrelatedtosengisinothercornersofAfricalikeMoroccoandSouthAfrica.ThisfindinghassuggestedthattheSomalisengineedstobeplacedinanewgenus—movingfromElephantulustoGalegeeska.Likeallgreatdiscoveriesinscience,thequestionsansweredareonlyequaltothenewmysteriespresented,buttheresearchers’workhashighlightedDjiboutiasabiodiverse(具有生物多样性的)nationworthyofscientificstudy.Withanyluck,perhapsmorediscoveriesarewaitingtobemadeamongitsdesertandsaltlakes.8.WhatmadethefindingoftheSomalisengispecial?A.ItwasrediscoveredbySomalis.B.Itlookedsurprisinglydifferent.C.ItreappearedinAfricaafter52years.D.Ithadbecomesmartenoughtoavoidbeingtrapped.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“serendipitous”inParagraph3mean?A.Unrealistic. B.Scientific. C.Unreported. D.Accidental.10.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.HowtheSomalisengimanagestosurvive.B.WhytheSomalisengicanlivepeacefully.C.HowhumanactivitiesaffecttheSomalisengi.D.WhatenvironmenttheSomalisengishouldlivein.11HowdidtheteamknowtherelationshipsbetweentheSomalisengiandothersengis?A.BydoingDNAtestsforthem.B.Bystudyingtheirlivinghabits.C.Bycomparingtheirappearances.D.Bystudyingdocumentsaboutthem.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新发现的物种——象鼩，并对其进行研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中句子“Despitenotbeingdocumentedbyresearcherssince1968,thesengi(象鼩),atinybig-eyedmousewithalongtailandatrunk-likenosethat’snativetoSomaliainAfrica,wasrediscoveredlivinginwell-preservedhabitatinneighboringDjiboutithisyear,andinquitehealthynumbers.”（尽管研究人员自1968年以来就没有记录过象鼩，一种生活在非洲索马里的小大眼睛老鼠，长着长长的尾巴和像鼻子一样的鼻子，今年在邻近的吉布提被重新发现生活在保存良好的栖息地，而且数量相当健康。）可知，象鼩今年在索马里被重新发现了，即过了52年后再次重现，这是这次发现特殊之处。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第一句“Itwassurprising.”（重新发现这一物种令人十分惊讶。）和“Anumberofsmallmammal(哺乳动物)surveyssincethe1970sdidnotfindtheSomalisengiinDjibouti（自20世纪70年代起，大量小型哺乳动物的研究都没有在吉布提发现索马里象鼩）”可知，研究者对于重新发现象鼩很是惊讶，由此猜测发现象鼩其实是一件很偶然的事情，即划线词意为“意外的”，与accidental同义。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段句子“Oneoftheleastunderstoodmembersofthe20speciesElephantulus(象鼩属),thesengilivesinhabitatsthatareunsuitableformosthumanactivities,allowingittoremainrelativelyundisturbedandsafe.”（象鼩作为最不了解的20种象鼩属之一，他们生活在人类最不适宜生存的地方，这就使得它们相对来说不被打扰和相对安全。）可知，该段主要讲述为什么象鼩能够和平的生存下来。故选B项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段第二句“...theteamgatheredDNAsampleswhichlatershowedtheSomalisengitobemorecloselyrelatedtosengisinothercornersofAfricalikeMoroccoandSouthAfrica.”（研究小组收集的DNA样本后来表明，索马里象鼩与非洲其他角落，如摩洛哥和南非的象鼩的亲缘关系更近。）可知，研究小组是通过DNA测试展示了索马里象鼩与非洲其他角落的象鼩是有关系的。故选A项。【点睛】DDietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.TheGrapefruitDiet,alsocalledtheHollywoodDiet,datesbacktothe1930sandhasahostofcelebrityfansincludingsingerKylieMinogue.Itinvolveshavinggrapefruitorgrapefruitjuicewitheverymealwhilecuttingbackoncalories.Now,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethem.Astudyhasfoundthatdrinkinggrapefruitjuicewheneatingfattyfoodlowerstheamountofweightputonbyuptoafifth.Theresearchalsosuggestedthatgrapefruitcouldbeasgoodasprescriptiondrugsatkeepingbloodsugarlevelsundercontrol—akeypartofmanagingdiabetes.Theexperimentswereconductedonmice—butresearcherssaytheresultsaretrueforhumans.ProfessorJosephNapoli,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,said,“Weseeallsortsoftricksaboutnutrition.Buttheseresults,basedoncontrolledexperiments,makeitnecessarytostudythepotentialhealth-promotingpropertiesofgrapefruitjuicefurther.”Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthemicewerefedfattyfoodforthreemonths,thosegivengrapefruitjuicetodrinkgainedupto18percentlessweightthanthosegivenwater.Theyalsohadlowerbloodsugarandinsulinlevels—despiteeatingthesamenumberofcaloriesanddoingthesameamountofexerciseasthemicewhodrankwater.Infact,grapefruitjuicewasasgoodatcontrollinginsulinasthewidelyuseddiabetesdrugs,thejournalPLOSONEreports.However,thefruitjuiceonlyhadaneffectonweightwhentheanimalsatefattyfood.Theresearcherssaidtheydidnotknowhowgrapefruitstopsthepoundsfrompilingon.SpokesmanMarietteAbrahams,adietician,saiduntilthenitistooearlyforpeopletotrygrapefruitdiets.“Grapefruitshouldbepartofahealthybalanceddiet,butitshouldn’tbethefocusofthediet.”shesaid.12.WhatcanbeknownabouttheHollywoodDiet?A.It’stheoriginoftheGrapefruitDiet.B.Itwasmorepopularinthe1930sthananytime.C.Itmayappealtofatpeople.D.Scientistsmaythinkitisnonsense.13.Whatdidtheexperimentsonmiceshow?A.Theyshouldhavebeenconductedonhumans.B.Theresultsapplytohumanstoo.C.Grapefruitcouldcurediabetes.D.Miceprefergrapefruitjuicetowater.14.Inwhichcasewillgrapefruitjuicemakeadifferencetoweightloss?A.Themicewithhighbloodsugar.B.Themicedoingalotofexercise.C.Themiceonafattydiet.D.Themicetakingprescriptiondrugs.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.NutritionofGrapefruitB.ExperimentonGrapefruitC.GrapefruitMakesaHitD.GrapefruitHelpsKeepFit【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过对研究结果的介绍，说明葡萄柚具有减肥功效。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Dietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.TheGrapefruitDiet,alsocalledtheHollywoodDiet,datesbacktothe1930sandhasahostofcelebrityfansincludingsingerKylieMinogue.”（节食者早就发誓说葡萄柚有助于他们减肥。葡萄柚饮食法，也被称为好莱坞饮食法，可以追溯到20世纪30年代，拥有包括歌手KylieMinogue在内的众多明星粉丝。）可知，HollywoodDiet是帮助人们减肥的方法，所以可推断它能吸引肥胖的人。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Theexperimentswereconductedonmice—butresearcherssaytheresultsaretrueforhumans”（这些实验是在老鼠身上进行，但研究人员说，这一结果对人类也适用。）可知，在老鼠身上做的实验结果也适用于人类。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthemicewerefedfattyfoodforthreemonths,thosegivengrapefruitjuicetodrinkgainedupto18percentlessweightthanthosegivenwater.”（研究人员发现，给老鼠喂食高脂肪食物三个月后，给它们喝葡萄柚汁的老鼠比给它们喝水的老鼠体重减轻了18%。）可知，葡萄柚汁对减肥产生效果是以摄入高脂肪的老鼠为实例的。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Dietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.”(节食者早就发誓说葡萄柚有助于他们减肥。)和第二段“Now,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethem.”（现在，科学家们开始相信它们了。）根据第三段“Theresearchalsosuggestedthatgrapefruitcouldbeasgoodasprescriptiondrugsatkeepingbloodsugarlevelsundercontrol—akeypartofmanagingdiabetes.”该研究还指出，在维持血糖处于正常水平方面，葡萄柚可与处方药媲美，而这正是控制糖尿病病发的关键。以及后文介绍的科学实验结果可知，文章主题是通过介绍研究结果，说明葡萄柚具有减肥功效。选项D“葡萄柚有助保持健康”，符合文章主题，简明扼要，适合做标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Recyclingreferstotheprocessofcollectingusedmaterialswhichareusuallyconsideredas‘waste’andreprocessingthem.Someofthemostcommonitemsthatarerecycledareplastic,glass,paper,batteries,etc.Recyclingisgoodforus,formanufacturers(制造商)andforourenvironment.____16____Herearesomegoodreasonswhyeveryoneshouldrecycle.Oneofthebiggestreasonsisthatrecyclingreducesthepressureonourenvironment.Byusingwasteproductsinameaningfulway,wecanslowlydecreasethesizeofourlandfills.Asthepopulationgrows,itwillbecomedifficultforthelandfillstoholdsomuchtrash.Whenthishappens,ourcitieswillfacepollution,poisoningandmanyhealthproblems.___17___Weknowthatrecyclinginvolvestheprocessingandusageofcoreelementsofoldproductsfortheproductionofnewproducts.___18___Forexample,onceanoldnewspaperisrecycled,wedonotneedtousetheresourceofanothertreetoproducenewpaperproducts.Thisway,properrecyclingcanhelpuspreserveournaturalresources.___19___Reusingoldthingscostslessthanbuyingnewones.InmoststatesinAmerica,it’sactuallymorecostlytogetridofwastethantorecycle.Somerecyclingcompaniesbuywastesfromneighborhoodsfortheirrecyclingactivities.Thisbringsyouextramoney.Everyonecanmakeadifference.Ifyouthinkthatitmakesnodifferencewhetheryourecycleornot,thinkagain!Morethanhalfofthewastethateachofuscreateseachyearcanberecycled,butalotofitendsupbeingburied.___20___Afterall,manyhandsmakelightwork.A.Recyclingisgoodforyourwallet.B.Thishelpsinsavingournaturalresources.C.Itstopshumansfromdamagingtheenvironment.DRecyclinghelpstogetridofoldthingsandwaste.E.However,noteveryoneknowshowimportantitistorecycle.F.Wheneachofustakesaction,italladdsupandmakesarealdifference.G.Recyclinghelpstokeepthepollutionundercontrolanddecreaseitlittlebylittle.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.A20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了回收利用的重要性，阐述了回收利用对环境，对经济的好处，并号召每个人都应该采取行动。【16题详解】上文“Recyclingisgoodforus,formanufacturers(制造商)andforourenvironment.(回收利用对我们，对制造商和我们的环境都有好处)”说明回收利用有好处，选项E“然而，不是每个人都知道回收利用的重要性。”承接上文，转折语义，说明回收利用的好处（即重要性）不是每个人都知道，引出下文“Herearesomegoodreasonswhyeveryoneshouldrecycle.(以下是为什么每个人都应该回收利用的一些好理由)”介绍为什么每个人都应该回收利用。选项中torecycle和上文中Recycling以及下文recycle语义一致，选项中important和上文good语义相关。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“Whenthishappens,ourcitieswillfacepollution,poisoningandmanyhealthproblems.(当这种情况发生时，我们的城市将面临污染、中毒和许多健康问题)”说明我们的城市面临着污染等问题，选项G“循环利用有助于控制污染，一点一点地减少污染”承接上文，说明循环利用可以帮助解决污染问题。选项中pollution和上文pollution语义一致。故选G项。【18题详解】后文“Forexample,onceanoldnewspaperisrecycled,wedonotneedtousetheresourceofanothertreetoproducenewpaperproducts.Thisway,properrecyclingcanhelpuspreserveournaturalresources.(例如，一份旧报纸被回收后，我们不需要使用另一棵树的资源来生产新的纸制品。通过这种方式，适当的回收可以帮助我们保护我们的自然资源)”举例说明通过回收利用我们可以保护我们的自然资源，选项B“这有助于节约我们的自然资源。”正是下文举例说明的问题。选项中helpsinsavingournaturalresources和下文helpuspreserveournaturalresources语义一致。故选B项。【19题详解】下文“Reusingoldthingscostslessthanbuyingnewones.InmoststatesinAmerica,it’sactuallymorecostlytogetridofwastethantorecycle.Somerecyclingcompaniesbuywastesfromneighborhoodsfortheirrecyclingactivities.Thisbringsyouextramoney.(再利用旧东西的成本比购买新东西要低。在美国的大多数州，处理垃圾实际上比回收垃圾更加昂贵。一些回收公司从社区购买废物用于他们的回收活动。这会给你带来额外的收入)”可知，回收再利用能够节约成本，会给你带来额外的收入，选项A“回收利用有利于你的钱袋子。”位于段首，点明本段主题，说明回收利用能省钱。选项中wallet和下文money等语义相关。故选A项。【20题详解】段落首句“Everyonecanmakeadifference.(每个人都可以有所作为)”点明本段主题，上句“Morethanhalfofthewastethateachofuscreateseachyearcanberecycled,butalotofitendsupbeingburied.(我们每个人每年产生的废物中，有一半以上是可以回收利用的，但其中很多最终都被掩埋了)”说明每个人产生的废物中有一半是可以回收利用的，选项F“当我们每个人都采取行动的时候，所有这些加起来就会产生真正的效果。”符合本段主题，说明每个人都行动起来，就会有真正的效果。选项中eachofus和段落首句中Everyone以及上句中eachofus语义一致。故选F项。第二部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?___21___ofinterestorpleasureinnormalactivities?Insomnia(失眠)oroversleeping?Ifyouorpeoplearoundyouareexperiencingthesechallenges,don’t___22___toseekhelpastheseare___23___symptomsofdepression.WangYang,afreelancer(自由职业者),has___24___herlittlecousinundergotheseemotionalandbehavioralchanges.Hercousin,only13,waslaterdiagnosedwithdepression.Beforethat,hercousinwasveryoutgoingand___25___aboutsports.Thefamilywonderswhatcouldhave___26___suchadramaticchange.Therearemanyreasonsthatateenagermightbecomedepressed,suchaspoorschool___27___,intensecompetitionwithpeersor___28___familylife.InZhouYongsheng’sview,apsychologicaltherapist(治疗专家),parents’overcontrolandexcessivecriticismovertheirchildrencouldcauseaheavymentaldamageandleadtolowself-esteem(自尊)andalackof___29___.Inthelongterm,thismaysetoffabiggerproblem:depression.Healsopointsoutthatacademicstressisanotherworseningfactor,_____30_____forSenior3studentswhoarebusypreparingforthegaokao.Toimprovethepreventionand_____31_____ofdepression,theNationalHealthCommission_____32_____aplanonSept11.Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(筛查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluatetheirpsychologicalhealth._____33_____thegovernment’sefforts,familiesandteenagersneedtobeactive.Ifparentsareconcernedabouttheirchild’sdepression,Zhou_____34_____seeingadoctorortherapistandpossiblytakingmedication.Fortunately,thingsgot_____35_____forWang’scousinafterhewasconvincedtoreceivemedicaltreatment.“Hetalkswithusandsleepswellnow,”shesaid.“Ihopehewillgetridofdepressiononeday.”21.A.Discovery B.Combination C.Loss D.Complaint22.A.remember B.hesitate C.fail D.intend23.A.official B.ordinary C.typical D.sensitive24.A.witnessed B.created C.solved D.understood25A.anxious B.careful C.nervous D.enthusiastic26.A.ledto B.addedto C.turnedto D.adjustedto27.A.experiment B.performance C.composition D.progress28.A.positive B.healthy C.negative D.wealthy29.A.resource B.disappointment C.happiness D.confidence30.A.extremely B.especially C.merely D.nearly31.A.treatment B.development C.operation D.pain32.A.published B.ordered C.announced D.cancelled33.A.Regardlessof B.Asfaras C.Onbehalfof D.Asidefrom34.A.continues B.recommends C.permits D.learns35.A.worse B.harder C.easier D.better【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年抑郁的原因及所采取的措施。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：失去对正常活动兴趣或乐趣？A.Discovery发现；B.Combination结合；C.Loss损失；D.Complaint抱怨。根据“Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?”可知，抑郁症的表现之一是失去对正常活动的兴趣或乐趣。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你或你周围的人正在经历这些挑战，不要犹豫寻求帮助，因为这是抑郁症的典型症状。A.remember记得；B.hesitate犹豫；C.fail失败；D.intend打算。根据“Ifyouorpeoplearoundyouareexperiencingthesechallenges,”可知，如果有人有以上的经历，不要犹豫去寻求帮助。hesitatetodosth.“犹豫做某事”。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你或你周围的人正在经历这些挑战，不要犹豫寻求帮助，因为这是抑郁症的典型症状。A.official官方的；B.ordinary普通的；C.typical典型的；D.sensitive灵敏的。根据“Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?___1___ofinterestorpleasureinnormalactivities?Insomnia(失眠)oroversleeping?”可知，这些是抑郁症的典型症状。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自由职业者王洋目睹了她的小表弟经历的这些情绪和行为上的变化。A.witnessed目睹；B.created创造；C.solved解决；D.understood理解。根据“herlittlecousinundergotheseemotionalandbehavioralchanges.”可知，王洋目睹了她的小表弟从正常到抑郁的变化。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，她的表弟非常外向，对运动很有热情。A.anxious焦急的；B.careful仔细的；C.nervous紧张的；D.enthusiastic热心的。根据“hercousinwasveryoutgoing

”可知，她的表弟外向且对运动很有热情。beenthusiasticabout“对……热心”。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这家人想知道是什么导致了如此戏剧性的变化。A.ledto导致；B.addedto增加；C.turnedto求助；D.adjustedto适应。根据“Hercousin,only13,waslaterdiagnosedwithdepression.Beforethat,hercousinwasveryoutgoingand___5___aboutsports.”可知，家人想知道孩子导致抑郁的原因。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年抑郁的原因有很多，比如学习成绩不好，与同龄人的激烈竞争或负面的家庭生活。A.experiment实验；B.performance表现；成绩；C.composition成分；D.progress进步。根据“intensecompetitionwithpeers”可知，学习成绩不好是青少年抑郁的原因之一。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：青少年抑郁的原因有很多，比如学习成绩不好，与同龄人的激烈竞争或负面的家庭生活。A.positive积极的；B.healthy健康的；C.negative消极的；负面的；D.wealthy富有的。根据“Therearemanyreasonsthatateenagermightbecomedepressed,”可知，负面的家庭生活也青少年抑郁的原因之一。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在心理治疗师周永生看来，父母对孩子的过度控制和过度批评可能会造成严重的精神伤害，导致孩子缺乏自尊和自信。A.resource资源；B.disappointment失望；C.happiness幸福；D.confidence信心。根据“

parents’overcontrolandexcessivecriticismovertheirchildrencouldcauseaheavymentaldamage”可知，父母对孩子的过度控制和批评，导致了孩子缺乏自尊和自信。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他还指出，学业压力是另一个恶化因素，尤其是对于那些忙于准备高考的高三学生来说。A.extremely及其地；B.especially尤其；C.merely仅仅；D.nearly几乎。根据“Healsopointsoutthatacademicstressisanotherworseningfactor,”可知，学习压力尤其对准备高考的高三学生来说更大。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了更好地预防和治疗抑郁症，国家卫健委于9月11日公布了一项计划。A.treatment治疗；B.development发展；C.operation操作；D.pain疼痛。根据“Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(筛查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluatetheirpsychologicalhealth.”可知，国家卫健委的目的是为了更好地预防和治疗抑郁症。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了更好地预防和治疗抑郁症，国家卫健委于9月11日公布了一项计划。A.published出版；B.ordered订购；C.announced宣布；D.cancelled取消。根据“Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(筛查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluatetheirpsychologicalhealth.”可知，这是国家卫健委公布的一项计划。