范老师专八同义替换高频100词

范范老师同义替换课

范老师专八同义替换高频100词

（以麻布袋同学的版本为基础）

【和专八写作讲义上提供的一样，专八学员可以选择删去本词表后再打印。本部分自学】

使用方法:从同义词词典中查询那570个高频词汇，在每个词条下任

意选出自己不熟悉的难度大的同义词3-5个背诵和应用。

单词频率:加粗表高频，下划线次之，无加粗末之。

Sublist1

Area:nounextent,scopeofasurface

field,operation,range,space,breadth,compass,distance,expanse,size,sphere,

stretch,width

nounregion,district

city,county,field,locality,neighborhood,section,sector,square,state,

territory,township,zone,belt,block,division,domain,dominion,enclosure,

kingdom,parcel,patch,plot,precinct,principality,quarter,sphere,stretch,tract,

turf,vicinity,ward,neckofthewoods

Benefit:nounadvantage,profit

aid,asset,assistance,gain,help,interest,perk,profit,prosperity,use,welfare,

account,avail,benediction,betterment,blessing,boon,cream,extras,favor,

godsend,good,gravy,worth,eqqinone'sbeer

nouneventtoraisemoney

ball,bazaar,concert,dance,dinner,exhibit,exhibition,fair,raffle,charitable

affair,charityperformance,pancakebreakfast

verbhelp,enhance

advance,aid,assist,contributeto,favor,further,improve,pay,payoff,

promote,serve,advantage,ameliorate,avail,better,build,profit,relieve,succor,

begoodfor,doforone,dothetrick,fillthebill,makeakilling,makeit,workfor

Create:verbdevelopinmindorphysically

build,conceive,constitute,construct,design,devise,discover,establish.

forge,form,found,generate,initiate,invent,make,organize,plan,produce,

setup,shape,spawn,actualize,author,beget,coin,compose,concoct,contrive,

effect,erect,fabricate,fashion,father,formulate,hatch,imagine,institute,invest,

occasion,originate,parent,perform,procreate,rear,sire,bringintobeing,bring

intoexistence,bringtopass,causetobe,dreamup,givebirthto,givelifeto

Economic:adjbusiness-related;financial

budgetary,commercial,fiscal,industrial,monetary,bread-and-butter,material,

mercantile,money-making,pecuniary,productive,profit-making,profitable,

remunerative,solvent,viable

Environment:nounsurroundings,atmosphere

climate,habitat,setting,situation,status,surroundings,ambiance,aura,

backdrop,background,circumstances,conditions,context,domain,element,

encompassment,entourage,hood,jungle,locale,medium,milieu,neighborhood,

purlieus,scene,scenery,terrain,territory,turf,zoo,neckofthewoods,stomping

ground

nounearth'ssystemofnaturalresources

atmosphere,ecosystem,biosphere,environs,Gaia,ecosphere

Factors:noundeterminant

aspectcause,circumstance,component,consideration,element,influence,

ingredientpart,point,thing,agency,agent,aid,antecedent,board,constituent,

instrument,instrumentality,item,means,portion,fxin's,makin's,partandparcel

Formula:nounsetpreparation;rule,recipe

blueprint,canon,code,credo,creed,custom,description,direction,equation,

form,formulary,maxim,method,precept,prescription,principle,procedure,rite,

ritual,rote,rubric,spedfications,theorem,way,medusoperandi

Indicate:verbsignify,display

announce,argue,demonstrate,express,hint,illustrate,imply,make,mark,

mean,pinpoint,pointout,prove,reveal,show,signal,specify,suggest,attest,

augur,bespeak,betoken,card,connote,denote,designate,evidence,evince,

finger,importintimate,manifest,name,peg,read,record,register,sign,slot,

symbolize,tag,testify,witness,addupto,besymptomatic,buttondown,pin

down,pointto,tab

Major:a的bigger

big,considerable,dominant,extensive,large,large-scale,leading,main,

primary,sizable,above,better,chief,elder,exceeding,extreme,senior,superior,

upper,greater,hefty,higher,larger,most,oversized,supreme,ultra,uppermost

important

big,crucial,great,main,notable,preeminent,principalradical,serious,

significantvital,chief,grave,heavyweight,overshadowing,stcr,top,critical,

dangerous,grievous,influential,lifeanddeath,major-league,meaningful,

outstanding,stellar,weighty

Period:nounextentoftime

age,course,cycle,date,duration,era,season,span,stage,stretch,term,time,

aeon,days,epoch,generation,interval,measure,space,spell,while,years

nounending

end,cessation,dose,closing,closure,conclusion,discontinuance,limit,stop,

termination

Significant:telling,meaningful

compelling,important,momentous,powerful,serious,symbolic,cogent,

convincing,denoting,eloquent,expressing,expressive,forceful,heavy,indicative,

knowing,meaning,pregnant,representative,rich,sententious,sound,suggestive,

valid,weighty

important,critical

big,consequential,considerable,meaningful,momentous,notable,

noteworthy,serious,substantial,vital,carryingalotofweight,heavy,material,

weighty

Specific:adjparticular,distinguishing

clear-cut,definite,definitive,different,distinctexact,explicit,individual,

limited,peculiar,precise,special,specialized,unambiguous,unequivocal,

unique,characteristic,express,set,sole,bull'seye,categorical,clean-cut,cutfine,

deadon,downright,drawnfine,especial,flatout,hitnailonhead,ontarget,

outright,reserved,restricted,righton,straight-out

Structure:nounmakeup,form

architecture,arrangement,complex,construction,design,format,formation,

framework,network,organizationrsystem,anatomy,build,configuration,

conformation,fabric,fabrication,frame,interrelation,make,morphology,order,

skeleton,texture

nounbuilding

construction,edifice,house,cage,erection,fabric,pile,skyscraper,pileofbricks,

rockpile

Sublist

旗开得胜

Achieve:verbbringtosuccessfulconclusion;reachagoal

accomplish,attain,bringabout,carryout,complete,conclude,do,earn,enact,

end,gain,manage,obtain,produce,reach,realize,resolve,settle,sign,solve,win,

workout,acquire,actualizecapdoseconsummatedeliverdischargedispatch

effecteffectuateexecutefinishfulfillgetnegotiateperfectperformprocure

scoresealbringoffbringtopasscarrythroughearnwingsfollowthrough

getdonerackupseethroughwindup

Appropriate:adjsuitable

applicableaptconvenientcorrectfittinggoodopportunepertinentproperrelevant

trueusefuladaptedbecomingbefittingbelongingdeserveddesiredfitrightappurtenant

aproposcongruousduefelicitousgermanejustonthebuttononthenoserightful

seemlytailor-madewell-suitedwell-timed

verbsetaside;allocate

allotapportiondevotedisburseearmarkallowappointassignbudgetreserveset

apart

verbsteal

borrowconfiscateembezzlemisappropriatesecureannexclapcopfilchgrabhijack

liberateliftpilferpocketsnatchswipeusurpgetfingersongethandsonglomon

tograbholdofmoonlightrequisitiontakeover

Community:nounsociety,areaofpeople

6

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

association,center,company,district,nation,neighborhood,people,public,society,

state,colony,commonality,commonwealth,hamlet,locality,populace,residents,

territory,turf,bodypolitic,generalpublic,neckofthewoods,stompingground,

agreement,similarity

affinity,identity,kinship,likeness,sameness,semblance,

Final:ending,last

closing,concluding,eventual,last-minute,ultimate,end,finishing,lag,latest,latter,

terminal,crowning,hindmost,supreme,terminating

^conclusive,definitive

decisive,definite,finished,absolute,determinative,decided,determinate,

incontrovertible,irrefutable,irrevocable,settled,unanswerable,unappealable

Impact:nouncollision,force

brunt,shock,bang,blow,bounce,buffet,bump,dash,concussion,contact,crash,

crunch,crush,encounter,hit,impingement,jar,jolt,jounce,kick,knock,meeting,

percussion,pound,punch,quake,quiver,ram,rap,rock,shake,slap,smash,strike,stroke,

thump,tremble,tremor,wallop,appulse,smashup

nouneffect

brunt,burden,impression,influence,meaning,repercussion,significance,

consequences,imprint,mark,power,thrust,weight,fullforce

verbhitwithforce

7

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

jolt,dash,collide,crash,crush,kick,register,smash,strike,banginto,crackup,smashup,

wrackup,

Maintenance:nounperpetuation,support;sustenance

care,conservation,preservation,supply,upkeep,aliment,alimentation,alimony,

allowance,bacon,bread,continuance,continuation,food,keep,keeping,livelihood,

living,nurture,prolongation,provision,repairs,resources,salt,subsistence,sustainment,

wherewithal,breadandbutter,carrying,retainment,sustaining,sustention

Range:\nounsphere,distance,extent

area,dimension,field,length,matter,scope,space,spectrum,territory,ambit,

amplitude,bounds,circle,compass,confines,diapason,dimensions,domain,earshot,

expanse,extension,gamut,hearing,ken,latitude,leeway,limits,magnitude,

neighborhood,orbit,order,panorama,parameters,play,province,purview,radius,reach,

realm,run,span,sphere,spread,stretch,sweep,swing,tune,vicinity,width,elbowroom,

extensity,runof,_

nounorder,series

assortment,collection,kind,line,lot,selection,sort,variety,chain,class,file,gmmct,

rank,row,sequence,string,tier

verborder,categorize

align,arrange,array,assort,bias,bracket,catalogue,categorize,class,classify,dispose,

file,grade,group,incline/ine,pigeonhole,predisposerank,allineate,drawup,lineup,

verbwander,roam

8

抵读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

cover,drift,encompass,reach,spread,circumambulate,cross,cruise,explore,float,

gallivant,globe-trot,meander,ply,prowl,ramble,reconnoiter,rove,scour,search,

straggle,stray,stroll,sweep,traipse,tramp,travel,traverse,trek,followone'snose,hitthe

road,hitthetrail,makecircuit,passover,

verbextend;changewithinlimits

differ,fluctuate,gorreach,stretch,vary,run,divergefrom,varybetween

Region:nounarea,domain;scope

country,district,field,land,locality,neighborhood,part,place,province,sector,

suburb,territory,world,zone,arena,bailiwick,belt,block,clearing,demesne,division,

domain,dominion,environs,expanse,ghetto,ground,jungle,locale,precinct,quarter,

range,realm,scene,section,shire,sphere,terrain,tract,turf,vicinity,walk,ward,inner

city,neckofwoods,stompingground

Relevant:appropriate;tothepurpose

admissible,applicable,compatible,consistent,germane,important,pertinent,

proper,related,significant,suitable,suited,accordant,adrem,allowable,applicatory,

apposite,appurtenant,apt,becoming,cognate,concerning,conformant,conforming,

congruent,congruous,consonant,correlated,correspondent,fit,fitting,harmonious,

havingdirectbearingon,havingtodowith,material,onthebutton,onthenose,pat,

pertainingto,pointfulreferring,relative,tothepoint,weighty

9

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

sublist3

Constant:d,fixed

consistent,continual,nonstop,perpetual,regular,stable,steady,unbroken,

uninterrupted,even,firm,invariable,monochrome,permanent,stabile,uniform,

connected,equable,habitcal,homogeneous,immutable,liketheRockofGibralter,

monophonic,monotonous,ofapiece,regularized,solidasrock,standardized,steadfast,

together,unalterable,unchanging,unflappable,unfluctuating,unvarying

neverending

ceaseless,chronic,continual,continuous,endless,eternal,incessant,nonstop,

perpetual,persistent,relentless,sustained,unending,uninterrupted,unrelenting,

unremitting,everlasting,abiding,enduring,interminable,lasting,persisting

利loyal,determined

faithful,fast,true,trusty,allegiant,attached,dependable,devoted,dogged,persevering,

resolute,staunch,tried-and-true,trustworthy,unfailing,unflagging,unshaken,

unwavering

Core:nouncenter,gist

basis,body,bottomline,crux,essence,focus,foundation,heart,importance^

nucleus,origin,root,substance,thrust,amount,base,bulk,burden,consequence,

corpus,import,kernel,mass,meat,middle,midpoint,midst,nub,pith,pivot,purport,

quick,significance,staple,upshot,mainidea,meatandpotatoes,nittygritty

Ensure:i/erZ?guarantee;makesecure

10

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

assure,establish,insure,protect,provide,safeguard,secure,arrange,certify,cinch,

clinch,confirm,effect,guard,okay,warrant,lockon,lockup,makecertain,makesafe,

makesure,naildown,putonice,setout

Layer:nouncaaWng,tier,level

bed,blanketcoat,floor,row,sheet,slab,thickness,band,coping,couch,course,

cover,covering,film,flag,flap,fold,girdle,lamina,lamination,lap,mantle,overlap,

overlay,panel,ply,seam,story,stratum,stripe,substratum,zone

Link:nouncomponent,connection

association,channel,contact,element,hookup,network,relationship,tie,

articulation,attachment,bond,connective,constituent,copula,coupler,coupling,

division,fastening,hitch,in,interconnection,interface,intersection,joining,joint,

junction,knot,ligament/igation,ligature,loop,member,nexus,part,piece,ring,seam,

section,splice,tie-up,weld,yoke,vincuIum

verbconnect

associate,attach,bind,combine,hookup,identify,join,relate,tie,unite,bracket,

conjoin,conjugate,couple,fasten,group,incorporate,interface,network,yoke,hitchon,

meldwith,pluginto,slapon,tackon,tagalong,tagon,teamupwith,throwinwith,tie

inwith

Location:nounplaceofresidenceoractivity

\<'11

Q*

抵读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

area,district,locale,neighborhood,part,point,position,region,scene,section,site,

situation,spot,station,venue,whereabouts,bearings,fix,hole,localitylocus,post,

tract,turf,neckofthewoods

Negative:ac/jbad,contradictory

adverse,gloomy,pessimistic,unfavorable(weak,abrogating,annulling,anti,con,

contrary,contravening,denying,disallowing,disavowing,dissenting,gainsaying,

impugning,invalidating,jaundiced,naysaying,neutralizing,nullifying,opposing,recusant,

refusing,rejecting,removed,resisting,against,antagonistic,balky,colorless,

counteractive,cynical,detrimental,dissentient,nugatory,privative,repugnant,resistive,

unaffirmative,unenthusiastic,uninterested,unwilling

nouncontradiction

denial,disavowal,nay,refusal,refutation

Outcomes:nounconsequence,effect

conclusion,event,fallout,issue,reaction,result,aftereffect,aftermath,end,payback,

payoff,score,sequel,upshot,blowoff,chainreaction,endresult

Shift:nounswitch,fluctuation

about-face,alteration,change,conversion,deviation,move,transfer,transformation,

variation,bend,changeover,deflection,dispgcement,double,fault,modification,

passage,permutation,rearrangement,removal,shifting,substitution,tack,transference,

transit,translocation,turn,veering,yaw

12

Q*

宣读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

nountrick,stratagem

move,strategy,artifice,contrivance,craft,device,dodge,equivocation,evasion,

expediency,expedient,gambit,hoax,makeshift,maneuver,ploy,recourse,refuge,resort,

resource,ruse,stopgap,substitute,subterfuge,wile

/719t/77timeserveddoingwork

bout,go,period,spell,stint,time,tour,trick,turn,workingtime

verbswitch,fluctuate

alter,change,deviate,drift,move,relocate,remove,ship,shuffle,transfer,turn,

vary,veer,about-face,budge,cook,dislocate,displace,disturb,exchange,fault,flip-flop,

reairange,replace,reposition,slip,stir,substitute,swerve,tack,transmogrify,transpose,

vacillate,waffle,yo-yo,blowhotandcold,bottomout,changegears,dialback,doup,

hemandhaw,movearound,moveover,recalibrate,swapplaces,switchover,turn

around,turnthecorner,turnthetables

sublist4

Adequate:^enough,able

acceptable,capable,competent,decent,fair,satisfactory,sufficient,suitable,

tolerable,equal,allright,comfortable,commensurate,passable,requisite,sufficing,

unexceptional,unobjectionable

Apparent:a。seeming,notprovenreal

possible,probable,supposed,credible,illusive,illusory,likely,ostensible,outward,

plausible,semblant,specious,superficial,suppositious

C＜：13

虻读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

利obvious

clear,conspicuous,discernible,evident,glaring,noticeable,overt,palpable,

understandable,unmistakable,visible,barefaced,bigaslife,clearcut,crystalclear,

distinct,indubitable,makenobones,manifest,marked,observable,open,openandshut,

outintheopen,patent,perceivable,plain,self-evident,transparent,unambiguous,under

one'snose,unequivocal

Attitudes:nounmentaloutlook

approach,belief,bias,character,demeanor,mindset,mood,notion,opinion,

perspective,philosophy,pointofview,position,posture,prejudice,reaction,

sensibility,sentiment,stance,stand,temperament,view,air,angle,bent,disposition,

headset,inclination,leaning,predilection,proclivity,routine,set,slant,standing,

standpoint,temper,twist,frameofmind,likeitis,mentalstate,mindtrip,sayso,v/here

oneisat

nounstance

manner,position,posture,stand,aspect,bearing,carriage,mien,pose

Emerged:verbcomeout,arise

appear,arrive,comeup,cropup,develop,loom,materialize,rise,show,surface,turn

up,dawn,derive,egress,emanate,flow,gush,issue,originate,proceed,spring,spurt,

steam,stem,transpire,becomeapparent,becomeknown,becomevisible,comeforth,

comeintoview,comeonthescene,cometolight,makeappearance

14

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

Error:nounmistake;wrong

blunder,failure,fault,flaw,glitch,inaccuracy,lapse,miscalculation,miscue,misdeed,

mismanagement,misstep,misunderstanding,offense,omission,sinftransgression,

wrongdoing,absurdity,boner,boo-boo,delinquency,delusion,deviation,erratum,fall,

fallacy,falsehood,falsity,goof,howler,misapprehension,misconception,miss,oversight,

screamer,slight,slip,solecism,stumble,trespass,untruth,X,badjob,fauxpas,misbelief,

misjudgment,screw-up,slipup

Goals:nounaim,purposeofanaction

ambition,intention,objective,target,design,destination,duty,end,intent,limit,mark,

mission,object,use,zero,groundzero

Hence:a"/forthatreason;therefore

s。,thence,thus,accordingly,asadeduction,away,consequently,ergo,forward,from

here,fromnowon,henceforth,henceforward,hereinafter,inthefuture,itfollowsthat,on

thataccount,onward,out,then,thereupon,wherefore

Hypothesis:nountheory

assumption,axiom,conclusion,conjecture,explanation,guess,inference,

interpretation,premise,proposition,rationale,supposition,theorem,thesis,

antecedent,assignment,attribution,basis,belief,condition,data,deduction,

demonstration,derivation,foundation,ground,layout,lemma,philosophy,plan,position,

15

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

postulate,presupposition,principle,proposal,reason,scheme,speculation,suggestion,

surmise,system,term,apriority,shotinthedark,,tingpoint,tentativelaw

Imposed:verbset,dictate

appointcharge,demand,enforce,establish,foist,force,inflict,institute,introduce,

laydown,levy,order,place,promulgate,put,require,burden,command,compel,

constrain,decree,encroach,enjoin,exact,fix,infringe,intrude/ade,lay,oblige,obtrude,

ordain,prescribe,presume,saddle,trespass,visit,wish,wreak,wreck,forceupon,hornin,

laydownthelaw,moveinon,putfootdown,readriotact,takeadvantage

Internal:a。within

constitutionaldomestic,in-house,intramural,national,private,subjective,

centralized,circumscribed,civic,enclosed,gut,home,indigenous,inherent,innate,inner,

inside,interior,intestine,intimate,intrinsic,inward,municipal,native,visceral

Job:nounemployment

activity,appointment,assignment,business,career,office,operation,place,position,

post,profession,situation,spot,stint,task,trade,work,berth,billet,calling,capacity,

chore,connection,craft,engagement,faculty,function,gig,grind,handicraft"ine,

livelihood,means,niche,occupation,opening,posting,pursuit,racket,swindle,vocation,

dailygrind,metier,nine-to-five,ratrace

nountask

16

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

action,assignment,business,care,duty,effort,office,operation,project,

responsibility,role,stint,task,thing,work,act,affair,burden,charge,chore,

commission,concern,contribution,deed,devoir,enterprise,errand,function,matter,

mission,obligation,province,pursuit,undertaking,venture,taskwork,tourofduty

Option:nounalternative

benefit,choice,opportunity,preference,privilege,right,advantage,claim,dibs,

dilemma,discretion,druthers,election,franchise,grant,license,pickup,prerogative,

selection,flipside,freewill,othersideofcoin,takeitorleaveit

Promote:i/erdhelp,advance

advertise,advocate,benefit,bolster,boost,buildup,cooperate,develop,encourage,

endorse,further,improve,popularize,publicize,push,pushfor,sell,speed,sponsor,

stimulate,support,uphold,urge,aid,assist,avail,back,befriend,champion,contribute,

cry,espouse,forward,foster,hype,nourish,nurture,patronize,plug,propagandize,puff,

recommend,serve,subsidize,succor,callattentionto,getbehind,speakfor,workfor

verbgiveahigherpositioninorganization

advance,elevate,favor,increase,raise,upgrade,aggrandize,ascend,better,dignify,

ennoble,exalt,graduate,honor,magnify,prefer,skip,up,kickupstairs,moveup

Stress:nounemphasis

weight,accent,accentuation,beat,force,import,importance,significance,urgency

nounphysicalormentalpressure

17

◎w读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

agony,anxiety,burden,crunch,fear,hardship,hassle,heat,intensity,nervousness,

strain,tension,trauma,worry,affliction,alarm,albatross,apprehensiveness,dutch,

disquiet,disquietude,distention,draw,dread,expectancy,extension,fearfulness,ferment,

flutter,force,impatience,misgiving,mistrust,oppression,passion,protraction,pull,

restlessness,spring,stretch,tautress,tenseness,tensity,tightness,traction,trepidation,

trial,urgency,nervoustension,overextension

verbaccentuate,emphasize

repeatunderline,underscore,accent,belabor,feature,headline,italicize,spot,

spotlightdwellon,harpon,layemphasison,makeemphatic,playup,pointup,rubin

verbputunderphysicalormentalpressure

afflict,burden,crunch,distend,force,fret,hassle,overdo,overextend,pull,spring,strain,

stretch,tense,traumatize,worry,putintraction,putontrial,tenseup

sublist5

Aware:adjknowledgeable

alive,appreciative,apprehensive,attentive,awake,cognizant,conscious,familiar,

informed,mindful,receptive,wise,acquainted,alert,appraised,apprised,aucourant,

cool,enlightened,go-go,groovy,grounded,heedful,hip,intheknow,inthepicture,into,

knowthescore,knowwhat'swhat,know-how,knowing,latchedon,onthebeam,onto,

perceptive,pluggedin,savvy,sensible,sentient,sharp,tunedin,upon,wiseto,wisedup,

withit

Challenge:noundispute,question

**1S

虻读万卷书行万里路

旗开得胜

objection,protest,test,threat,claiming,confrontation,darn,defiance,demanding,

demur,interrogation,provocation,remonstrance,trial,ultimatum,summonstocontest

verbdispute,question

askfor,assert,callfor,claim,confront,defy,demand,denounce,impose,require,

test,try,accost,arouse,beard,brave,cross,dare,exact,impeach,impugn,inquire,

investigate,provoke,query,reclaim,stimulate,summon,tax,vindicate,callout,face

down,faceoff,facethemusic,flyinthefaceof,hangin,insistupon,invitecompetition,

makeapointof,makeastand,objectto,searchout,standupto,stickitout,throwdown

thegauntlet

Enable:i/erZ?allow,authorize

empower,facilitate,implement,permit,setup,accredit,approve,capacitate,

commission,condition,endow,fit,invest,let,license,prepare,qualify,ready,sanction,

warrant,givepower,makepossible,providethemeans

External:adjoutside,extrinsic

extraneous,foreign,alien,exterior,independent,out,over,peripheral,surface,apparent,

outer,outermost,outmost,outward,superficial,visible

Fundamental:dibasic,important

central,constitutional,crucial,elemental,elementary,essential,indispensable,

integral,intrinsic,major,necessary,paramount,principal,radical,significant,

structural,theoretical,underlying,vital,bottom,cardinal,first,key,organic,original,

C＜：19