福建省中考英语题型专项复习阅读理解真题剖析

...wd......wd...完美整理...wd...福建真题剖析类型一选择型阅读理解第一节阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确答案。AMyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食谱)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑战).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemyhome.Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop­classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.46．Thewriterisnow．A．aTVstarB．anewsreporterC．awell­knownbooksellerD．agoodchef47．Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?A．Hisparents'wish.B．Thecustomers'advice.C．Hismother'sdeliciousfood.D．TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.48．Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwantedto．A．takecookinglessonsB．writehiscookbookC．makenewdishesofhisownD．openarestaurant49．Theunderlinedword“it〞inParagraph2refersto(指代)“〞．A．thebookstoreB．atestkitchenC．adinnerclubD．thecountry50．Whatisimportantforthewriter?A．Findingagoodjob.B．Makinglotsofmoney.C．Doingwhatheloves.D．Becomingfamous.【答案及解析】46．D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop­classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了人民币而做，而是因为喜欢烹饪。因此作者现在应是一名好厨师，应选D。47．D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.〞可知，有一次，作者正在看电视上的烹饪，作者认为他也能做到这一点，所以他去书店寻找他能找到的最大的烹饪书。因此作者应是通过看电视才开场烹饪的，应选D。48．C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食谱)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑战).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.〞可知，在一年的时间里，作者制作了大局部的食谱，并准备迎接更大的挑战，他想自己做菜，也开场为更多的人做饭，而不仅仅是他的家人。因此作者在试过烹饪书中大局部的食谱之后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。应选C。49．B词义猜测题。根据前一句“Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.〞可知，令作者快乐的是，他的父母允许他建造一个测试厨房，他做了很多菜来测试，因此他的技能很快就提高了。由此可推测，it指的是一个试验厨房，应选B。50．C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop­classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.〞可知，现在作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，但是作者不是为了人民币而做，而是因为喜欢烹饪。再根据最后一段中的“NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.〞可知，现在作者知道当他不再关心他是否会知名或做得好时，他的梦想就会降临到他身上。因此，做他喜欢做的事情很重要。应选C。

BJackieiswritingasummary(总结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.51．Thetextiswrittento．A．giveareportB．haveSchoolDayC．collectopinionsfromvisitorsD．holdameetingwithteachers52．WhatweresoldinTina'sgroup?A．Schoolpostcards.B．Chinesepaintings.C．Recyclingbags.D．Homemadesnacks.53．Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?A．Disappointed.B．Satisfied.C．Worried.D．Surprised.54．Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?A．50.B．25.C．15.D．10.55．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?A．NickwastheleaderofGroup1.B．Twenty­fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.C．Thepostcardswerecheap.D．Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.

【答案及解析】51．A细节理解题。根据“Jackieiswritingasummary(总结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.〞可知，Jackie正在写关于学校生活的总结和反响。因此本文章是一篇报告，应选A。52．B细节理解题。根据第二组里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)〞可知Tina小组卖中国画，应选B。53．B细节理解题。根据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.〞可知，已经收集了100名学生的意见，而大多数学生认为这些活动很好，因此他们是满意的，应选B。54．A细节理解题。根据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.〞可知收集了100名学生的意见，再结合柱状图可看出recyclingbags占50%，所以50名学生喜欢收集袋子，应选A。55．D细节理解题。根据“Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesforexcellentstudenthelpers.〞可知与校长就优秀学生助手的奖金问题举行会议，因此做得好的学生助手可以得到奖品，应选D。

CBirthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine?Astudyfoundthatfirst­bornshaveanaverage(平均的)IQthatisthreepointshigherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecausefirst­bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.In2007,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsarefirst­borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast­borns.First­bornsaremorelikely(可能的)tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.Iffirst­bornsaremoresuccessful,last­bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2007Timemagazinearticle,“ThePowerofBirthOrder，〞last­bornsaremorelikelytobeartistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored(无视)them!Manymiddlechildrenareshortofone­on­onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeelshort­changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled(宠坏)．〞Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.56．WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?A．Afirst­born.B．Asecond­born.C．Athird­born.D．Alast­born.57．WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?A．Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.B．Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.C．Hewasafirst­born.D．Hewasamiddlechild.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“short­changed〞inParagraph4probablymeaninChinese?A．受亏待的B．受控制的C．受宠爱的D．受欢迎的59．Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder．A．hasnoinfluenceonIQB．mattersalotatthedinnertableC．maydecidewhoweareD．isafactorinmakinguspowerful60．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?B．WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?C．WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?D．HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?

【答案及解析】56．A细节理解题。根据第二段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst­borns可知43%的CEO是家庭当中第一个出生的孩子，故答案选A。57．B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Iffirst­bornsaremoresuccessful,last­bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.〞可知，如果第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子通常更容易相处，他们也更可能滑稽，可能会引起餐桌上所有年长的人的注意。MarkTwain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年轻的，而JimCarrey也是四个当中最小的，因此JimCarrey可能是最容易相处的，故答案选B。58．A词义猜测题。根据后面的“theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestisspoiled(宠坏的).Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.〞可知，最大的人得到更多的权利，最年轻的人被宠坏了，虽然他们可能被无视，但中间的孩子更容易成长为随和的成年人。因此short­changed应该是被无视，即被亏待的，故答案选A。59．C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Manyfactors(因素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.“可知，许多因素决定我们成为什么样的人，但如果研究正确，出生顺序可能是最重要的因素之一。因此出生顺序可能决定我们将成为什么样的人，故答案选C。60．A标题归纳题。根据文中的第一段“Birthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine〞可知，出生顺序有关系吗你是不是因为你是家里的第一个、第二个或第三个孩子而不同呢或者还是九个孩子中的最后一个再根据后面文章描述，可知本文主要讲述在家庭中的位置，故答案选A。

D(2018·福建中考A卷)ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfortheirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestivalfromoverseas.Mother'sDayoriginated(起源)inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(孝顺的)devotiontoparents.TherearemanystorieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“TasteLiquid(液体的)MedicineforMother〞tellsusthefilialvirtue(美德)ofEmperorWenoftheWesternHandynasty.Hismotherhadbeensickforthreeyears.Heoftenstayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquidmedicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon〞byMengJiao,apoetoftheTangdynasty.Nowthispoemisstillamustintheschooltextbooks.ChildreninChinaarebroughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget­me­notstoexpresslove.Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,butfewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostislove,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.61．WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1980s.C．IntheWesternHandynasty.D．IntheTangdynasty.62．Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon〞mainlyabout?A．ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.B．Caringfortheold.C．TraditionalChinesemedicine.D．Amother'sloveforherson.63．Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof．A．itswidespreadinmanycountriesB．ourancientstoriesofrespectingparentsC．ourtraditionalculturalvaluesD．itssimplewayofexpressinglove64．WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?65．WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe．A．abigdinnerB．acelebrationpartyC．greetingsofthefestivalD．expensivepresents【答案及解析】61．B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.〞可知被传到中国并广泛被人们所承受大约在20世纪80年代，故答案为B。62．D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems，likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao，apoetoftheTangDynasty〞可知，《游子吟》讲的是母亲对儿子的爱，故答案为D。63．C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact，Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(子女的)devotiontoparents〞可推断，母亲节在中国受欢迎是因为它正好和我们传统文化中的孝道一致，故答案为C。64．D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.〞可知答案为D。65．C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.〞可知答案为C。

(2018·福建中考B卷)Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈现)itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmaydescribenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoftenexpresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages(形象)inpoems.Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails(细节)ofsomethingcolorfullyandclearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththeimagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling〞and“Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，〞theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfullycreatesanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreadersthinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,imaginingthatwearethetrees.Inthepoem“Night，〞Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.Peopleknowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blakeseesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified(拟人化)asasmilingperson.61．What'sthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?A．Tohaveanargument.B．Tohaveadiscussion.C．Togiveanintroduction.D．Togiveasuggestion.62．Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind〞63．sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night〞．A．ThesunB．ThestarC．ThebirdD．Themoon64．Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?①Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.②Usingimagination.③Praisingthesamenaturalscene.④Describingdetailsofthescenes.⑤Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①②④D．①②⑤65．Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byusingpersonifications.D．Byaskingquestions.

【答案及解析】61．C写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(呈现)itsbeautyintheirpoems.〞可知，自然景物往往成为诗歌的主题，诗人密切注视自然，在诗歌中呈现它的美。因此第一段主要是做一个介绍，应选C。62．B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling’and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，’theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动〞和“当树垂下它们的头〞时，它们提醒我们是刮风的一天，应选B。63．D细节理解题。根据倒数第二句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑，因此在诗“夜〞中月亮在晚上坐着微笑。选D。64．C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling'and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，'theyremindusofawindyday〞可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶飘动〞和“当树垂下它们的头〞时，它们提醒我们刮风的一天；再根据最后一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky〞可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们微笑。①以人的身份看到自然风光；②使用了想象；③称赞同一自然场景；④描述风光的细节；⑤通过听觉和触觉创造想象。③⑤不是两首诗的共同点，因此①②④正确，选C。65．A细节理解题。A项为举例说明；B项通过比照；C项通过使用拟人D项通过提问。作者列举了“WhoHasSeentheWind〞(《谁曾见过风》)和“Night〞(《夜》)两首诗分享自然美景和作者的思想，应该是通过举例说明，选A。类型二复原型阅读理解第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最正确选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。E(2018·福建中考A卷)Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwedo,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoomuch.Manycitiesruncampaigns(运动)togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67What'smore,theycarryoutprogramsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68Anotherthreat(威胁)toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffreshwatergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers(危及)theanimalsthatdependonthewater.69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps(水龙头)runwhilewebrushourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A．However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B．Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C．Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D．Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E．Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.【答案及解析】66．A推理判断题。联系上下文可知，此处应是谈论水资源的多少，因此A项符合题意。67．E推理判断题。根据上一句“Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.〞可知，此处谈论的应是防止浪费水的方法，因此E项符合题意。68．C推理判断题。根据上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater〞可知，此处谈论的是节约水的具体方法，且根据上文中的“What'smore〞可知，空处位于本段的末尾，因此C项符合题意。69．B推理判断题。根据本段的表达可知，本段主要讲节约用水的另外一些方法，故B项符合题意。70．D推理判断题。根据上一句“Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.〞可知，在洗热水澡的时候收集冷水也可以节约用水，空处承接上一句，应是不要让冷水一直流，直到水变暖，故D项符合题意。

(2018·福建中考B卷)GreenHomecampaigners(发起者)reallylovethenaturalworld.Infact,weloveitsomuchthatwe'redetermined(决心)todoourbesttoprotectit.66Forthat,weneedmoneytoo.GreenHomecanbestrongonlywiththesu