2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（短文填空）：说明文（10题）

第1页（共1页）2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（短文填空）：说明文（10题）一．短文填空（共10小题）1．（2023•南乐县二模）Chinesetraditionalculturehasalonghistory.There（1）manyfolkartforms.Papercuttingisatypicalone.Papercuttinghasbeenaroundformorethan1，500years.Althoughnobodyknowswhoitwasinventedby，it'sstillpopularwithpeople.Inancienttimes，peopleusedpapercutting（2）decorate（装饰）andhonortheirancestors（祭祀祖先）.Now，itisasymbolofwishes（3）goodluckandahappynewyear.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasybut（4）isdifficulttomake.Thepaper，usuallyred，isfoldedbeforeitiscutwithscissors.（5）mostcommonpicturesforpapercuttingareflowers，animals，andthingsaboutChinesehistory.PapercuttinginShanxiisthemostfamousbecausethepicturesinpapercuttingareverybeautiful.Papercuttinghasbeeninherited（继承）sinceancienttimes.It'sasymbolofChineseculture.Asteenagers，wealsoneedtopassiton.2．（2023•郏县二模）Ifsomethingthatmakesyoufeelangryhappens，howcanyoumanageyouranger？Trythesethingstohelppreventangryfeelings（1）buildingupinside.Goforawalk，orgotoplayasport.Lotsofresearchhasshownthatexerciseisagreatway（2）improveyourmood.Youcanalsotalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.Lotsoftimesthereareotheremotions，suchasfearandsadness.Talkingabout（3）withsomeoneyoutrustcanhelp.Inaddition，practicingdeepbreathingworks（4）amongallthetips.Itcanhelpyoucontrolyourselfwhenyouarestressed.（5）youdothisregularly，you'llfindthatangerislesslikelytobuildup.Learninghowtodealwithstrongemotionsispartofbecomingmoremature.Ittakesalittleeffort，alittlepractice，andalittlepatience，butyoucangetthereifyouwantto.3．（2023•原平市一模）Friendshiplightsupourlives.Everyoneneedsfriends.Ihavemanyfriends.（1）myopinion，itisbecauseI'mfunny，honestandalwayskindtoeveryone.Inschool，myclassmatesandIoftentalk（2）eachotherduringbreaks.Iliketellingjokestomyfriends.Myjokesmake（3）laughloudlyandfeelveryhappy.Forme，happinessis（4）mostimportantthing.Atruefriendshouldbehonestwithhisorherfriends.Idon'tfeelcomfortablewhenIlietomyfriends.（5）theynoticethatIamnottellingthetruth，theywon'ttrustmeanymore.Kindness（6）importanttoo.Forexample，Imightlendapentomydeskmate，（7）heaccidentallybreaksit.Iwon'tgetangry（8）mydeskmatedidn'tmeantobreakmypen.I'llsmileandsay"it'sOK"tohimorher.Asmilecostsnothingbutisworthalot.Ithinkitcanalsomean"Iforgiveyou".Beingagoodfriendtoothersisjustasimportant（9）havinggoodfriendsyourself.I'mnotperfect，butIthinkIamfunny，honestandkind，andthat's（10）Ihavesomanygoodfriends.4．（2023•盐城一模）Inschool，yousurelyhavehadthe（1）ethattherearegoodstudentsandnotsogoodones.Andtherearetheoutstanding（优秀的）ones.Inthispassage，wewillgiveyousometipsonhowtobecomepartofthegroupofgreatandoutstandingstudents.Anoutstandingstudentisapersonwhois（2）candseesthingsdifferently.Healwaysasksquestionsandhasalotofideas.Helikesto（3）cthingstootherexperiences.Andyes，heusuallygetsgoodifnotthebestgradesinschool.Youshouldn't（4）cmuchaboutgrades，though.Ifyoupayallyourattentiontogettinggoodgrades，thenyou'llmissthepoint.Youdon'tstartwithgoodgradesandthenbecomebrilliantandoutstanding.Itistheotherwayaround.Sohowcanyoubecomean"A"student？Youcanhaveonlyideasandcreativebreakthroughs（突破）aboutthingsyouknow.Themore（5）kyouhave，themoreyouareabletoconnecttheseseparatepartsandfactsinunusualways.Youarelikelytoaskinteresting（6）q.Andyoumightevencomeupwithsurprisinganswers.（7）Wmore，youshouldalsoknowthatunderstandingnewknowledgeisnotalwayseasy，especiallyiftheknowledgeiscompletelynewtoyou.Itmaytakeyouseveraldaysor（8）eweekstotakeitin.Sostartearlyreadingyourlearningmaterial.Understandingisthe（9）fpurposeofyourlearning.Rotelearning（死记硬背）offacts（10）wunderstandingisnothelpful，evencompletelyuseless.5．（2023•朔州模拟）Sometimeswemayfeelangry.Howcanwehelpourselvesout？Here（1）someadvice.Takedeepbreathsthreetimesorcountto10slowly.Thesecanhelpyouhavetimetonoticeyourbody'schanges，（2）example，yourheadhurtsoryourheartbeatsmorequickly.Speakouthowyoufeelandwhatyouwishwouldhappen.It'sagoodwaytohelpyoustartaconversationtofindasolutiontoyourproblem.Thissolutionmaynotbethebest，（3）youcanworkoutamorepeacefulonewiththepersonyouareangrywith.Askforhelpwhenyoucan'tsolvetheproblemby（4）.Askingyourparentsorteachersforadvicemayhelpyoufindbetterways.Becausetheyhavemoreexperience.Takethetimetocooldown.Sometimesyoumaystillfeelangryorupset（5）tryingallthestepsabove.Inthesesituations，itisbettertofindanothersafewaytodealwiththosefeelings.Severaldayslater，youmaynotfeelasangryasbefore.6．（2023•宁德模拟）Overahundredyearsago，peopleinLondonweresurprisedtoseeaveryunusualboatcomesailinguptheThamesRiver.Theboatwaseightyfeet（1）/lɒŋ/，flat﹣bottomed（平底），withbigwoodeneyesonbothsidesinthefrontandwas（2）（colorful）paintedattheback.Peoplecametoknowthatitwas（3）sailingboatfromFuzhouindistant（遥远的）China.TheboathadsailedroundtheCapeofGoodHope，upthe（4）/'westən/coastofAfrica，andfinallytoEngland.Ithadcoveredfifteenthousand（5）（mile）﹣morethanhalfofthedistanceroundtheworld.（6）itwasunexpected，theChinesewerewarmlywelcomed.Theboatcarriedgoods（货物）suchassilkandteaaswellasanumberof（7）/gɪfts/fromtheEmperorofChinafortheQueenofEngland.PeoplehadalwayswronglyregardedtheChinese（8）anationthatwasnotusedtothesea.However，fromcenturiesof（9）（trade）andsailingindangerousseas，theChinesehadlearnedhowtomakegoodboatsandsailthemwell.ThecomingofthissailingboattoLondon（10）（prove）onceagaintheChinesecouldsailtodistantcountriesintheworld.7．（2023•仓山区校级模拟）ThreeCharacterClassicwasoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationin，Chinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall（1）（child）atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed（归功）thistexttoWangJinglin，（2）famouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwas（3）（say）thatWangwroteittospreadConfucian（儒家的）classicsandknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone（4）（begin）tostudyhistory，heorshemustbecomeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Therefore，hewrotethetextboth（5）/ʃɔːrt/andsimple，verysuitableforreadingandreciting.（6）ithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools，manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.ThreeCharacterClassicisdivided（7）sixparts，eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded，whilethosewho（8）/weist/timeonplaywillregretofitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses（诗节）andsimplestylesitwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages，suchasEnglish，（9）/frentʃ/andItalian.Duringthe1860eitwas（10）（wide）usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now，IthasbeenlistedbyUNESCOasoneofitsrecommendedreadingsforstudentsworldwide.8．（2023•仓山区模拟）Three﹣CharacterClassichadbeenoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationinChinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall（1）（child）atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1，248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed（归功于）thistexttoWangJinglin，（2）famouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwass（3）thatWangwroteittospreadConfucian（儒家的）classicsandtheknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone（4）（begin）tostudyhistory，heorshemustbecomeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Sohewrotethetextboth（5）/ʃɔːt/andsimple，verysuitableforreadingandreciting.A（6）ithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools，manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.Three﹣CharacterClassicisdivided（7）sixparts，eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded，while（8）/ðəʊz/whowastetimeonplaywillregretforitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses（诗节）andsimplestyles，itwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages，suchasEnglish，（9）/frentʃ/andItalian.Duringthe1860s，itwas（10）（wide）usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now，ithasbeenlistedbytheUNESCOasoneofitsrecommendedreadingsforstudentsworldwide.9．（2023•鼓楼区校级模拟）InancientChina，whenfriendsorrelativeswereseparating，theywouldpickawillowtwig（柳条）andgiveittothepersonwhowasleaving.Thiswastoexpresstheirwishforhimtostay.InChinese，thewordfor"willow"ispronouncedthesame（1）thewordfor"stay".ManyChinesepoetslikedwritingaboutwillowsintheirworks.Oneofthemostfamous（2）（poem）isAFarewellSongbyWangWei.Itreads，Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain.Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Iinviteyouto（3）[drɪŋk]acupofwineagain.WestoftheSunnyPassnomorefriendswillbeseen.Nowadays，willowtwigscanalsobeseenin（4）['mɒdn]art.Therewas（5）amazingperformanceaboutwillowtwigs.365peopleheldwillowtwigsintheirhandsonthegreenstage.Atthesametime，anancient（6）（paint）ofweepingwillows（垂柳）appearedontheLEDscreen：Thesettingof365peoplestoodfor365days，（7）thecolorgreenmeantthereturnofspring.Theperformancewere（8）（praise）highlybytheaudience."Iwas（9）['di：pli]attractedbytheChineseculture."oneofthemsaid.Inshort，givingawillowtwigtoapersonisnotsayinggoodbyebut（10）（ask）himtostay.ThisisthebeautyofChineseculture.10．（2023•高新区校级模拟）阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词。ThedragonisabiganimalinChineseculture.Itissaidthat（1）theseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth，thedragonwakesupfromitswintersleepandraisesitshead.Becauseofthis，thedayiscalled"DragonHeadRaisingDay"（longtaitou）.Farmersbelievethatafterthisday，（2）willbemorerain.Rainisveryimportanttofarming，solongtaitou（3）animportantfestivalforthem.Peoplehavemanyways（4）celebratethefestival.Themostpopularoneistohaveahaircut.Theyhope（5）gettingahaircutonlongtaitoucankeepawayfrombadluck.It'salsopopularforpeopletoeatfoodwhichisnamedafterdragons.Forexample，noodlesarecalledthedragon'sbeard（longxu）andthedumplingsarethedragon'sears（long'er）.

2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（短文填空）：说明文（10题）参考答案与试题解析一．短文填空（共10小题）1．（2023•南乐县二模）Chinesetraditionalculturehasalonghistory.There（1）aremanyfolkartforms.Papercuttingisatypicalone.Papercuttinghasbeenaroundformorethan1，500years.Althoughnobodyknowswhoitwasinventedby，it'sstillpopularwithpeople.Inancienttimes，peopleusedpapercutting（2）todecorate（装饰）andhonortheirancestors（祭祀祖先）.Now，itisasymbolofwishes（3）forgoodluckandahappynewyear.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasybut（4）itisdifficulttomake.Thepaper，usuallyred，isfoldedbeforeitiscutwithscissors.（5）Themostcommonpicturesforpapercuttingareflowers，animals，andthingsaboutChinesehistory.PapercuttinginShanxiisthemostfamousbecausethepicturesinpapercuttingareverybeautiful.Papercuttinghasbeeninherited（继承）sinceancienttimes.It'sasymbolofChineseculture.Asteenagers，wealsoneedtopassiton.【考点】说明文；传统文化．【答案】（1）are（2）to（3）for（4）it（5）The【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国的传统文化之一——剪纸。【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：有许多民间艺术形式。此处是therebe句型，时态是一般现在时，主语"manyfolkartforms"是复数，故填are。（2）考查介词。句意：在古代，人们用剪纸来装饰和纪念他们的祖先。usesthtodosth"用某物做某事"，故填to。（3）考查介词。句意：现在，它是祝福好运和新年快乐的象征。wishesfor"对……的期望"，故填for。（4）考查代词。句意：剪纸听起来很简单，但做起来很难。此处指代"Papercutting"，用it代替，故填it。（5）考查冠词。句意：剪纸最常见的图案是花、动物和有关中国历史的东西。最高级前用定冠词the修饰，故填The。【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。2．（2023•郏县二模）Ifsomethingthatmakesyoufeelangryhappens，howcanyoumanageyouranger？Trythesethingstohelppreventangryfeelings（1）frombuildingupinside.Goforawalk，orgotoplayasport.Lotsofresearchhasshownthatexerciseisagreatway（2）toimproveyourmood.Youcanalsotalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.Lotsoftimesthereareotheremotions，suchasfearandsadness.Talkingabout（3）themwithsomeoneyoutrustcanhelp.Inaddition，practicingdeepbreathingworks（4）bestamongallthetips.Itcanhelpyoucontrolyourselfwhenyouarestressed.（5）Ifyoudothisregularly，you'llfindthatangerislesslikelytobuildup.Learninghowtodealwithstrongemotionsispartofbecomingmoremature.Ittakesalittleeffort，alittlepractice，andalittlepatience，butyoucangetthereifyouwantto.【考点】说明文；情感与情绪．【答案】（1）from（2）to（3）them（4）best（5）If【分析】文章介绍了一些关于如何控制愤怒情绪的建议。【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：尝试这些事情来帮助防止愤怒的情绪在内心积累。根据句意，此处使用preventfromdoingsth.，意为"阻止做某事"，固定搭配。故填from。（2）考查不定式。句意：大量研究表明，锻炼是改善情绪的好方法。根据句意可知，此处使用agreatwaytodosth.，意为"做某事的一种好方法"，固定搭配。故填to。（3）考查代词。句意：与你信任的人谈论它们会有所帮助。根据句意，此处使用them指代前面的emotions。故填them。（4）考查副词。句意：此外，练习深呼吸是所有技巧中效果最好的。根据句意可知，此处意为"效果最好"，使用副词最高级修饰动词。故填best。（5）考查连词。句意：如果你经常这样做，你会发现愤怒不太可能积累起来。根据句意可知，句子为if引导的条件状语从句，放于句首首字母大写。故填If。【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。3．（2023•原平市一模）Friendshiplightsupourlives.Everyoneneedsfriends.Ihavemanyfriends.（1）Inmyopinion，itisbecauseI'mfunny，honestandalwayskindtoeveryone.Inschool，myclassmatesandIoftentalk（2）witheachotherduringbreaks.Iliketellingjokestomyfriends.Myjokesmake（3）themlaughloudlyandfeelveryhappy.Forme，happinessis（4）themostimportantthing.Atruefriendshouldbehonestwithhisorherfriends.Idon'tfeelcomfortablewhenIlietomyfriends.（5）IftheynoticethatIamnottellingthetruth，theywon'ttrustmeanymore.Kindness（6）isimportanttoo.Forexample，Imightlendapentomydeskmate，（7）butheaccidentallybreaksit.Iwon'tgetangry（8）becausemydeskmatedidn'tmeantobreakmypen.I'llsmileandsay"it'sOK"tohimorher.Asmilecostsnothingbutisworthalot.Ithinkitcanalsomean"Iforgiveyou".Beingagoodfriendtoothersisjustasimportant（9）ashavinggoodfriendsyourself.I'mnotperfect，butIthinkIamfunny，honestandkind，andthat's（10）whyIhavesomanygoodfriends.【考点】说明文；人际交往．【答案】（1）In（2）with（3）them（4）the（5）If（6）is（7）but（8）because（9）as（10）why【分析】本文主要讲述了友情很重要以及作者对友情的看法。【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：在我看来，这是因为我很有趣，诚实，对每个人都很好。inone'sopinion"在某人看来"，固定搭配。故填In。（2）考查介词。句意：在学校，我和同学们经常在课间休息的时候聊天。talkwithsb."与某人聊天"。故填with。（3）考查代词。句意：我的笑话使他们大声笑，感到非常高兴。根据Iliketellingjokestomyfriends.（我喜欢给朋友讲笑话。）可知是使朋友们高兴，指代上文提过的复数用they"他们"，做make的宾语用宾格them。故填them。（4）考查冠词。句意：对我来说，快乐是最重要的。mostimportant（最重要的）是形容词最高级，前面要加the。故填the。（5）考查连词。句意：如果他们发现我没有说实话，他们就不会再相信我了。根据语境可知是条件状语从句，用if"如果"引导。故填If。（6）考查动词。句意：善良也很重要。本文主要用的一般现在时，所以此处用一般现在时，分析可知本句是主系表结构，kindness（善良）是不可数名词，所以be动词用is。故填is。（7）考查连词。句意：例如，我可能借给我的同桌一支笔，但他不小心把它弄坏了。空格前后是转折关系，but"但是"表转折。故填but。（8）考查连词。句意：我不会生气，因为我的同桌不是故意弄坏我的钢笔的。空格前后是因果关系，不会生气是因为同桌不是故意的。because"因为"引导原因状语从句。故填because。（9）考查介词。句意：成为别人的好朋友和拥有自己的好朋友一样重要。as...as..."像一样"固定搭配。故填as。（10）考查副词。句意：我并不完美，但我觉得我很有趣，诚实和善良，这就是为什么我有这么多好朋友。结合语境可知这就是为什么我有很多好朋友的原因，why引导表语从句。故填why。【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。4．（2023•盐城一模）Inschool，yousurelyhavehadthe（1）experiencethattherearegoodstudentsandnotsogoodones.Andtherearetheoutstanding（优秀的）ones.Inthispassage，wewillgiveyousometipsonhowtobecomepartofthegroupofgreatandoutstandingstudents.Anoutstandingstudentisapersonwhois（2）curiousandseesthingsdifferently.Healwaysasksquestionsandhasalotofideas.Helikesto（3）connectthingstootherexperiences.Andyes，heusuallygetsgoodifnotthebestgradesinschool.Youshouldn't（4）caremuchaboutgrades，though.Ifyoupayallyourattentiontogettinggoodgrades，thenyou'llmissthepoint.Youdon'tstartwithgoodgradesandthenbecomebrilliantandoutstanding.Itistheotherwayaround.Sohowcanyoubecomean"A"student？Youcanhaveonlyideasandcreativebreakthroughs（突破）aboutthingsyouknow.Themore（5）knowledgeyouhave，themoreyouareabletoconnecttheseseparatepartsandfactsinunusualways.Youarelikelytoaskinteresting（6）questions.Andyoumightevencomeupwithsurprisinganswers.（7）What'smore，youshouldalsoknowthatunderstandingnewknowledgeisnotalwayseasy，especiallyiftheknowledgeiscompletelynewtoyou.Itmaytakeyouseveraldaysor（8）evenweekstotakeitin.Sostartearlyreadingyourlearningmaterial.Understandingisthe（9）finalpurposeofyourlearning.Rotelearning（死记硬背）offacts（10）withoutunderstandingisnothelpful，evencompletelyuseless.【考点】说明文；方法与哲理．【答案】（1）（e）xperience（2）（c）urious（3）（c）onnect（4）（c）are（5）（k）nowledge（6）（q）uestions（7）（W）hat's（8）（e）ven（9）（f）inal（10）（w）ithout【分析】本文主要向我们介绍了如何成为优秀学生群体的一员。【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：在学校里，你肯定有过这样的经历，有好学生也有不太好的学生。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指有过这样的经历，"经历"为experience，结合语境，此处用单数，故填（e）xperience.（2）考查形容词。句意：一个优秀的学生是一个有好奇心并且对事物有不同看法的人。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指有好奇心的人，be动词后应用形容词作表语，"好奇的"为curious，故填（c）urious（3）考查动词。句意：他喜欢把事情和其他经历联系起来。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指把事情和其他经历联系起来，"connect…to"意为"把……和……联系起来"，又因为liketodosth.意为"喜欢做某事"，故填（c）onnect。（4）考查动词。句意：不过，你不应该太在意成绩。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指太在意成绩，careabout意为"关心，在意"，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填（c）are。（5）考查名词。句意：你掌握的知识越多，你就越能以不同寻常的方式将这些独立的部分和事实联系起来。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指掌握的知识越多，"知识"为knowledge，是不可数名词，故填（k）nowledge。（6）考查名词。句意：你可能会问一些有趣的问题。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指问一些有趣的问题，"问题"为question，结合语境应用复数形式，故填（q）uestions。（7）考查固定搭配。句意：此外，你还应该知道，理解新知识并不总是容易的，尤其是如果这些知识对你来说是全新的。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处表示递进，"what'smore"意为"此外，还有"，句首首字母大写，故填（W）hat's（8）考查副词。句意：你可能需要几天甚至几周的时间才能接受它。根据句意及首字母提示可知，是指需要几天甚至几周，"甚至"为even，故填（e）ven。（9）考查形容词。句意：理解是你学习的最终目的。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指理解是学习的最终目的，"最终的"为final，形容词作定语，故填（f）inal。（10）考查介词。句意：不理解的死记硬背是没有帮助的，甚至是完全无用的。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里指不理解的死记硬背，"没有"为without，是介词，故填（w）ithout。【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。5．（2023•朔州模拟）Sometimeswemayfeelangry.Howcanwehelpourselvesout？Here（1）issomeadvice.Takedeepbreathsthreetimesorcountto10slowly.Thesecanhelpyouhavetimetonoticeyourbody'schanges，（2）forexample，yourheadhurtsoryourheartbeatsmorequickly.Speakouthowyoufeelandwhatyouwishwouldhappen.It'sagoodwaytohelpyoustartaconversationtofindasolutiontoyourproblem.Thissolutionmaynotbethebest，（3）butyoucanworkoutamorepeacefulonewiththepersonyouareangrywith.Askforhelpwhenyoucan'tsolvetheproblemby（4）yourself.Askingyourparentsorteachersforadvicemayhelpyoufindbetterways.Becausetheyhavemoreexperience.Takethetimetocooldown.Sometimesyoumaystillfeelangryorupset（5）aftertryingallthestepsabove.Inthesesituations，itisbettertofindanothersafewaytodealwiththosefeelings.Severaldayslater，youmaynotfeelasangryasbefore.【考点】说明文；情感与情绪．【答案】（1）is（2）for（3）but（4）yourself（5）after【分析】本文主要介绍了感到愤怒时平息怒气的几点建议。【解答】（1）考查be动词。句意：这里有一些建议。本句为here提前引导的倒装句，主语为someadvice"一些建议"，advice为不可数名词，因而空处应为is。故填is。（2）考查介词。句意：这些可以帮助你有时间注意到你身体的变化，例如，你的头痛或心跳加快。forexample是固定搭配，表达"例如"。故填for。（3）考查连词。句意：这个解决办法可能不是最好的，但你可以和你生气的人想出一个更和平的办法。根据前后两句的句意可知，两句表转折关系，因而应用but表转折。故填but。（4）考查反身代词。句意：当你不能自己解决问题时，寻求帮助。根据句意可知，此处应是表达不能自己解决的问题是寻求帮助，byoneself"独自地，通过自己"，本句主语为you，因而空处应为yourself。故填yourself。（5）考查介词。句意：有时候，在尝试了以上所有步骤后，你可能仍然会感到生气或沮丧。根据下文Inthesesituations，itisbettertofindanothersafewaytodealwiththosefeelings.（在这种情况下，最好找到另一种安全的方式来处理这些感觉。）可知，此处应是表达"在尝试了以上所有步骤后，你可能仍然会感到生气或沮丧"，after"在之后"更符合语境。故填after。【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。6．（2023•宁德模拟）Overahundredyearsago，peopleinLondonweresurprisedtoseeaveryunusualboatcomesailinguptheThamesRiver.Theboatwaseightyfeet（1）long/lɒŋ/，flat﹣bottomed（平底），withbigwoodeneyesonbothsidesinthefrontandwas（2）colorfully（colorful）paintedattheback.Peoplecametoknowthatitwas（3）asailingboatfromFuzhouindistant（遥远的）China.TheboathadsailedroundtheCapeofGoodHope，upthe（4）western/'westən/coastofAfrica，andfinallytoEngland.Ithadcoveredfifteenthousand（5）miles（mile）﹣morethanhalfofthedistanceroundtheworld.（6）Although/Thoughitwasunexpected，theChinesewerewarmlywelcomed.Theboatcarriedgoods（货物）suchassilkandteaaswellasanumberof（7）gifts/gɪfts/fromtheEmperorofChinafortheQueenofEngland.PeoplehadalwayswronglyregardedtheChinese（8）asanationthatwasnotusedtothesea.However，fromcenturiesof（9）trading（trade）andsailingindangerousseas，theChinesehadlearnedhowtomakegoodboatsandsailthemwell.ThecomingofthissailingboattoLondon（10）proved（prove）onceagaintheChinesecouldsailtodistantcountriesintheworld.【考点】说明文；历史．【答案】（1）long（2）colorfully（3）a（4）western（5）miles（6）Although/Though（7）gifts（8）as（9）trading（10）proved【分析】本文主要讲述了一百多年前一艘中国帆船在英国泰晤士河上航行的故事，由此证明了中国人可以航行到世界上遥远的国家。【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：这艘船长80英尺，平底，前面两边有大大的木眼睛，后面画着五颜六色的画。根据所给音标可知是long"长的"，故填long。（2）考查副词。句意：这艘船长80英尺，平底，前面两边有大大的木眼睛，后面画着五颜六色的画。此处应用副词修饰动词painted，故填colorfully。（3）考查冠词。句意：人们开始知道这是一艘从遥远的中国福州来的帆船。根据后面的名词boat为单数，且sailing是以辅音音素开头的单词可知，此处应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。（4）考查形容词。句意：这艘船绕过了好望角，沿着非洲西海岸航行，最后到达了英国。根据所给音标可知是形容词western"西部的"，形容词修饰后面的名词coast，故填western。（5）考查名词。句意：它已经覆盖了一万五千英里——超过了绕地球一半的距离。根据前面的数词fifteenthousand（一万五千）可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填miles。（6）考查连词。句意：尽管出乎意料，中国人却受到了热烈的欢迎。根据下文itwasunexpected（这是出乎意料的）和theChinesewerewarmlywelcomed（中国人受到了热烈欢迎）可知，前后句子之间是转折关系，放在第一个句子开头，注意首字母大写，故填Although/Though。（7）考查名词。句意：这艘船载有货物，如丝绸和茶，以及中国皇帝给英国女王的一些礼物。根据所给音标可知是gifts"礼物"，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填gifts。（8）考查介词。句意：人们一直错误地视为中国人是一个不习惯海洋的民族。regardas视为，固定搭配。故填as。（9）考查动名词。句意：然而，经过几个世纪的贸易和在危险海域的航行，中国人已经学会了如何制造好船并驾驶好船。介词后面应跟动名词，故填trading。（10）考查动词。句意：这艘帆船来到伦敦，再一次证明了中国人可以航行到世界上遥远的国家。根据前后时态一致原则，此处应用一般过去时。故填proved。【点评】考查短文填空。首先理解文章的大意，结合语境和固定搭配，确定词性和词形，用适当的单词填空。7．（2023•仓山区校级模拟）ThreeCharacterClassicwasoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationin，Chinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall（1）children（child）atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed（归功）thistexttoWangJinglin，（2）afamouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwas（3）said（say）thatWangwroteittospreadConfucian（儒家的）classicsandknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone（4）begins（begin）tostudyhistory，heorshemustbecomeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Therefore，hewrotethetextboth（5）short/ʃɔːrt/andsimple，verysuitableforreadingandreciting.（6）Althoughithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools，manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.ThreeCharacterClassicisdivided（7）intosixparts，eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded，whilethosewho（8）waste/weist/timeonplaywillregretofitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses（诗节）andsimplestylesitwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages，suchasEnglish，（9）French/frentʃ/andItalian.Duringthe1860eitwas（10）widely（wide）usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now，IthasbeenlistedbyUNESCOasoneofitsrecommendedreadingsforstudentsworldwide.【考点】说明文；传统文化．【答案】（1）children（2）a（3）said（4）begins（5）short（6）Although（7）into（8）waste（9）French（10）widely【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的《三字经》。【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：学校里几乎所有的孩子都能背诵1248个字的课文。根据空前的all可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填children。（2）考查冠词。句意：大多数历史学家认为这篇文章出自南宋著名作家王景林之手。根据句意可知，王景林是南宋一位著名作家。a修饰后面的单数可数名词，故填a。（3）考查动词。句意：据说王写这本书是为了向孩子们传播儒家经典和中国历史知识。itissaidthat据说，固定句型。故填said。（4）考查动词。句意：它告诉他们，在一个人开始学习历史之前，他或她必须首先精通经典作品。根据前后时态一致原则，此处应用一般现在时；主语是单数，故填begins。（5）考查形容词。句意：所以他写的这篇课文既短又简单，非常适合阅读和背诵。根据所给音标可知应该是形容词short"短的"，故填short。（6）考查连词。句意：虽然这篇课文已经不再作为小学教材使用了，但在中国很多人仍然能背诵其中的一些。根据后面ithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools，manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.（它已经不再作为小学教材使用了，在中国很多人仍然能背诵其中的一些。）可知前后句子是转折关系，用于第一个句子开头常用although"虽然"，注意句首单词首字母大写。故填Although。（7）考查介词。句意：《三字经》分为六个部分，每个部分讲一个主题。divideinto分成，固定搭配。故填into。（8）考查动词。句意：它还告诉我们，努力工作的人会得到回报，而那些把时间浪费在玩耍上的人总有一天会后悔的。根据所给音标可知应该是waste"浪费"，故填waste。（9）考查名词。句意：由于它优美的诗节和简单的风格，它后来被翻译成不同的语言，如英语、法语和意大利语。根据所给音标可知应该是French"法语"，专有名词注意首字母大写。故填French。（10）考查副词。句意：在19世纪60年代，它被广泛用作日本私立学校的课本。此处应用副词修饰动词used，故填widely。【点评】考查短文填空。首先理解文章的大意，结合语境和固定搭配，确定词性和词形，用适当的单词填空。8．（2023•仓山区模拟）Three﹣CharacterClassichadbeenoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationinChinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall（1）children（child）atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1，248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed（归功于）thistexttoWangJinglin，（2）afamouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwass（3）aidthatWangwroteittospreadConfucian（儒家的）classicsandtheknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone（4）begins（begin）tostudyhistory，heorshemustbecomeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Sohewrotethetextboth（5）short/ʃɔːt/andsimple，verysuitableforreadingandreciting.A（6）lthoughithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools，manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.Three﹣CharacterClassicisdivided（7）intosixparts，eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded，while（8）those/ðəʊz/whowastetimeonplaywillregretforitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses（诗节）andsimplestyles，itwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages，suchasEnglish，（9）French/frentʃ/andItalian.Duringthe1860s，itwas（10）widely（wide）usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now，ithasbeenlistedbytheUNESCO