专题11 中考阅读理解-2023年江苏省中考英语二轮复习基础知识过过过+高分题型练练练

专题11中考阅读理解阅读理解四种出题题型：一、主旨大意题阅读理解的主题句一般具有以下特征：①概括全段思想。②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用单词、短语表达的。③解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等推理判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。典型例题【例1】Ifyou’reluckyenoughtohavetodayofffromwork,themostimportantthingonyourto-dolististoactuallytakethedayoff.Takingtimetoletyourbrainrestreallymakesyoumorecreative,betteratproblem-solving,betteratcomingupwithcreativeideasNotmuchmoretosayhere!AllowyourselftoplantinfrontoftheTVtoday,rechargeyourbatteriesandgetagoodnight’ssleep.Itmightevenmakeyoumoreproductiveatworkthisweek.30.Whichsayingreachesanagreementwiththepassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C.Betterlatethannever. D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲工作休息之余放松的办法，故D选项“只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻”符合题意。故选D。【例2】Peoplethinkthatsmartphonesandlaptopsareevidenceofprogress.Acertainnumberofonlinesearching,forexample,canbegoodforyourbrain,andthereareappsthatcandevelopyourbrain.Yettechimprovementsalsocomewithsomeunexpectedresults.37.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Surveyscarriedoutinschool. B.Appsusedtodevelopmemory.C.Progressmadeinelectronicproducts. D.Harmfulinfluencebroughtbydigitaltechnology.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据“Yettechimprovementsalsocomewithsomeunexpectedresults.”以及“Nowthatyou’reprobablyafraidoftheinfluenceoftechnology,letusremindyouthatyoudohavethepowertopreventit.Justlogoffeveryonceinawhile!”和全文内容可知本文主要讲述了数字技术带来的有害影响。故选D。【例3】EveryoneinthisworldworksbasedontheirTimeZone.Peoplearoundyoumightseemtogoaheadofyou,somemightseemtobebehindyou.Buteveryoneisrunningtheirownrace,intheirowntime.Don'tenvythemorlaughatthem.TheyareintheirTimeZone,andyouareinyours!Lifeisaboutwaitingfortherightmomenttoact.So,relax.You'renotlate.You'renotearly.You'reverymuchontime,andinyourTimeZone.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepoem?A.Obamastartsat55,butTrumpretiresat70. B.Lifeisallaboutwaitingfortimezones.C.Theearlierwesucceed,thebetterwewillbe. D.Don'thurryandtakeyourownsteps.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。本篇诗歌告诉我们，人生没有所谓的“前后”之分，其实每个人都有自己的人生节奏。生命就是等待正确的行动时机，你没有落后也提前，只是活在属于你的节奏中，所以不要别急，按着自己步伐走。故选D。【例4】Thefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedanoldladyRosetous.“Whyareyouincollegeatsuchanage?”Iaskedher.Shereplied,“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettinggone!”Webecamefriendsquickly.……Attheendoftheyear,Rosefinishedhercollege.Oneweekaftergraduation,Rosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.Wewouldalwaysrememberthegreatwoman.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.LaughingeverydayB.NevertoooldtolearnC.GrowingoldandgrowingupD.Howtostayyoungandbeinghappy【答案】B【解析】本文围绕着一个老太太为了实现自己的梦想，很大年纪上大学学习，这展示了活到老，学到老的精神。故选B。二、推断题这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。应特别注意以下特征：①吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础；②推理的根据来自于上下文；③不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；④在提问中常用的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),fromthefact,indicate(暗示)conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，accordingto"等。典型例题【例1】JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame.“Thisisapopulationthathasgrownupusingtechnology,oftensufferingfromsleeplessness,whichresultsinhighlevelsofforgetfulness,”shesaid.36.WhatisJoPatricia’sfeelingaboutdigitaltechnology?A.Supportive. B.Inactive. C.Confident. D.Curious.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据“JoPatricia,adoctor,saidtechnologywastoblame”可知JoPatricia对数字技术保持不积极的态度，故选B。【例2】Trudycouldn’twaittogetaway.Theroomwastoofullofbeautifulthings,includingalargegreen-and-whitevase(花瓶)withadragonpaintedontheside.Anyminutenowtherewouldbeadisaster,shefeltsure.Sheturnedtothedoor.Somethingfurry(毛茸茸的)brushedagainstherleg.Trudyjumpedbackwards.Thefurrythinggavealoud“YEOWLL!”Itleapedontothepiano.Trudyjumpedagain,sideways.Herarmhitthegreen-and-whitevase.Shewatchedinhorrorasitmovedfromsidetosidetosidetosidetosidetosideand...Itfelltothefloorandbrokeintolittlepieces.DISASTER.Nobodymoved.Thecat—whohadcausedthetrouble—satontopofthepiano,wavingitstail.ThenTrudysaid,“Oh,sorry,I’msorry.I’mreallysorry.It’sbecauseI’mclumsy(笨拙).That’swhyIdidn’twanttocomeintoyourhouse.Iknewsomethingwouldgetbroken.ItalwaysdoeswhenI’maround.”32.HowdidTrudyfeelwhenshesawthecatwavingitstailontopofthepiano?A.Angry. B.Surprised. C.Nervous. D.Proud.33.WhatcanwelearnfromthestoryaboutMrsWillow?A.Shewasalwaysagracefulswan. B.ShemetTrudyforthefirsttime.C.Shewastidyandconfidentbefore. D.Shehadmanyexpensivevases.【答案】CB【解析】32.推理判断题。根据花瓶碎了后特鲁迪说的“Oh,sorry,I’msorry.I’mreallysorry.It’sbecauseI’mclumsy.That’swhyIdidn’twanttocomeintoyourhouse.Iknewsomethingwouldgetbroken.ItalwaysdoeswhenI’maround.”可推断这时她很紧张，所以在不停地解释。故选C。33.推理判断题。根据“Theroomwastoofullofbeautifulthings,includingalargegreen-and-whitevase…”及“That’swhyIdidn’twanttocomeintoyourhouse.”可知，特鲁迪不知道MrsWillow家有这么多漂亮东西，且害怕自己打碎东西也一直不愿来MrsWillow家。所以可推断MrsWillow是第一次接见特鲁迪。故选B。【例3】Yeah,yeah,you’llgettoitsometime—it’sthelittleliewealltellourselvestogetoutofdoingthethingsonourto-dolistthatarehangingoverourheads.Buttodayisagreatdayjusttogetitdone!Sendthatemail,finishupthattaskathome,sendthatholidaythank-younoteyoustillhaven’tgottenaroundto.Whateveritis,justdoit.You’llfeelsomuchbetter,Ipromise.28.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor_______.A.forgotten B.planned C.finished D.mentioned【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据“Buttodayisagreatdayjusttogetitdone!Sendthatemail,finishupthattaskathome,sendthatholidaythank-younoteyoustillhaven’tgottenaroundto.”可知本段讲的是要去完成之前没有做的事情。故选C。【例4】QuicklyscreenyourselfathomeforthepresenceoftheCOVID-19(SARSCoV-2)antigen.Testresultsinonly15minutes.Howtouse25.Thepicturesaboveare_______.A.anewsreport B.anotice C.aninstruction D.acomicstrip【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲述了如何在家中快速筛查自己是否存在COVID-19（SARSCoV-2）抗原，故文章是一个指导书。故选C。【例5】“Noneofusknew.”Jacquessaidsoftly,“Onlyone…onlyoneknew—afriendofhis,namedJoseph…”29.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.noonehadeverknownPierrewasblindB.JosephjustservedasPierre’sguideafterPierrewentblindC.blindnessdidn’tmakeanydifferencetoPierre’slifeatallD.thepresidentwasn’tquitesatisfiedwithPierre’swork【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据““Noneofusknew.”Jacquessaidsoftly,“Onlyone…onlyoneknew—afriendofhis,namedJoseph…””可知，周围的人们根本不知道他失明了，故选A。三、事实细节题首先是直接理解性题目，这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。典型例题【例1】ButPierresaid,“MylifewillbenothingifIcan’tdriveJosepheveryday.Wearetwooldmen!Letuswearouttogether.WhenJosephisreadytoleave,thenItoowilldoso.”27.Pierrerefusedtoleavehisjobbecause________.A.hethoughthewasnotoldenough B.Josephcouldn’tworkwithouthishelpC.hewasunwillingtobeseparatedfromJoseph D.peopleonthestreetcouldn’tlivewithouthim【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“ButPierresaid,“MylifewillbenothingifIcan’tdriveJosepheveryday.Wearetwooldmen!Letuswearouttogether”可知，Pierre拒绝离开工作是因为他要和他的马在一起，他离不开马，故选C。【例2】Newresearchhasfoundthatlookingatcutepicturesofanimalscanalsohelpusconcentrate（专注）better.ThefindingcomesfromresearchersatHiroshimaUniversityinJapan.Theyinvited132universitystudentstotakepartinsomeexperiments.Inoneexperiment,studentswereaskedtofindagivennumberfromalistofnumberswithinatimelimit.Theyperformedthegiventaskstwice-beforeandafterlookingatsevenpicturesofeitherbabycatsandbabydogs,orcatsanddogs.Researchersweresurprisedtofindthatstudentswhowereshowncutebabyanimalpicturesmadefewermistakes.30.What’sthemainfindingofthestudyatHiroshimaUniversity?A.Seeingcuteanimalscouldcheerpeopleup.B.Seeingpleasantthingshelpspeopleperformbetter.C.Seeingpicturesofanimalshelpspeopleactcarefully.D.Seeingcutethingscouldhelppeopleconcentratebetter.【答案】D【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Newresearchhasfoundthatlookingatcutepicturesofanimalscanalsohelpusconcentrate（专注）better.”可知，看动物的可爱图片可以帮助我们更好地集中注意力，故选D。【例3】Chinesebabiesoftenweartigerhatsandshoeswhicharemadeintheshapeofatiger’shead.Parentshopetheirkidswillgrowtobeasstrongaslittletigers.26.Whatwillpeopledotowishtheirchildrenstrong?A.Maketiger-shapedbunsforthem. B.Makeclothtigersduringfestivals.C.Dressthemwithtigerhatsandshoes. D.Givethematiger-shapedpiececalledhufu.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Chinesebabiesoftenweartigerhatsandshoeswhicharemadeintheshapeofatiger’shead.Parentshopetheirkidswillgrowtobeasstrongaslittletigers”可知，人们给婴儿戴虎头帽和虎头鞋，以此来希望他们像小老虎一样强壮，故选C。【例4】Pleasedosomethingaboutyourrecords.IdonotwanttoreceiveanotherbillforthefurniturewhichIreturned.24.WhydoyouthinkMr.Robbinswritethelettertothefurniturestore?A.Hehadpaidforthefurniturebutwasaskedtopayagain.B.Thefurnitureheboughtwasbadlymadeandhewantedtoreturnit.C.Hewantedthemanagertopunishthesalesmenforthebadfurniture.D.Hedidn’twanttoreceiveasecondbillforthefurniturehehadreturned.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“IdonotwanttoreceiveanotherbillforthefurniturewhichIreturned.”可知，Mr.Robbins不想收到他归还的家具的第二张账单了。故选D。【例5】Rules:1.AgeGroup:Childrenbetweeneightandsixteen.2.Contactdetails（联系详情）（inEnglishonly）:Fullname,ageandfulladdressincludingphonenumberande-mailmustbeprovidedwhilesigningup.21.Therulesofthecompetitiondon’tinclude________accordingtothepassage.A.thenumberoftherounds B.thethemeoftrash-sortingC.theageofthechildren D.thenameandcontactdetails【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据“AgeGroup”“Thecompetitionwillbeheldintworounds”“Fullname,ageandfulladdressincludingphonenumberande-mailmustbeprovidedwhilesigningup”可知，比赛规则没有包括“垃圾分类主题”这一项，故选B。【例6】IamwritingaboutyourJanuarybill,whichIamreturningwiththisletter.Iamnotgoingtopaythisbill.LastmonthIboughtatableandfourchairsfor$65.50.Pleasedosomethingaboutyourrecords.IdonotwanttoreceiveanotherbillforthefurniturewhichIreturned.23.FromtheletterwecanconcludethatMr.Robbinshadactuallypaid________forthefurniture.A.$65.50 B.$68.00 C.$2.50 D.nomoney【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“IamwritingaboutyourJanuarybill,whichIamreturningwiththisletter.Iamnotgoingtopaythisbill.”以及“IdonotwanttoreceiveanotherbillforthefurniturewhichIreturned.”可知，Mr.Robbins还没有支付家具的钱。故选D。【例7】RachelCarsonwasbornintheUSAonMay27,1907.Hermother,MariaCarson,hadbeenaschoolteacher.Shelovedbooks.Shealsolovednature.SheshowedRachelthebeautyofnature.ShealsotaughtRacheladeeploveforbooks.Asaquietchild,Rachellikedtoreadandwritestories.62.RachelCarsonhadadeeplovefornatureandbooksbecauseof____________.A.herfatherB.hermotherC.herschoolteacherD.herbrother【答案】B【解析】此题考查对事实细节的理解，试题要求确定“RachelCarson热爱大自然和热爱读书的原因”。由第一段中Hermother,MariaCarson,hadbeenaschoolteacher.SheshowedRachelthebeautyofnature.ShealsotaughtRacheladeeploveforbooks.（她教给雷切尔自然之美。她也教雷切尔深爱图书）可知，B项符合文意。四、猜测词义题这类问题主要考察学生两方面能力。根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。解这类题时应注意以下特点：①注意一些过渡词语，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它们直接引出了同义解释，或标点符号（破折号、冒号、括号）等来表示。例如：Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。②注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果，让步，递进，转折，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。③注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句，相似或相反的结构等。④对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等)，因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。典型例题【例1】However,babyanimalslookboth“cuter”andmore“pleasant”thanadultanimals.Whatwouldhappenifthetestdifferencecamefromtheirbeing“pleasant”?Tofindtheanswer,theresearcherschosesomefoodpictureswhichlookedpleasantbutnotcute,andgavethemtoanothergroupofstudents.Butseeingthefoodsdidnotmakethestudentsperformanybetterinthenumbertest.Thisfindingsuggeststhatseeingcutepicturesmakesstudentsbehavemoredeliberately,thatistosay,theyperformtaskswithgreatertimeandcare.31.Theunderlinedword“deliberately”hastheclosestmeaningto“________”.A.happily B.carefully C.actively D.correctly【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Thisfindingsuggeststhatseeingcutepicturesmakesstudentsbehavemoredeliberately,thatistosay,theyperformtaskswithgreatertimeandcare.”可知，他们会花更多的时间和精力来完成任务，可推知上一句含义是“看到可爱的图片会让学生表现得更小心翼翼”，因此“deliberately”意为“carefully”，故选B。【例2】Pierretookonestepforward,thenturned.“No…no…You…youdon’tunderstand,Jacques.”Now,JacqueslookedintoPierre’seyes.Hesawadead,lifelesslookinthem.Sohesaid,“Takethedayoff,Pierre!”Pierresteppedintothestreet.Thentherecameawarningshoutandascreech(尖锐的刹车声)…28.Theunderlinedsentencestellusthat________.A.JacqueswassurprisedtofindthatPierrecouldn’tseeanythingB.PierrewastooscaredtotakealastglanceathisfriendC.PierrewassosadbecauseitwastimeforhimtoleavehisjobthenD.thedeathofJosephdrovePierretoloseconfidenceforlife【答案】D【解析】句意猜测题。根据前一句“Pierretookonestepforward,thenturned.“No…no…You…youdon’tunderstand,Jacques.””可知，Pierre因为马的离去而感到绝望，故选D。【例3】Theshyfarmer’scomicbooksbecamefamousonlyafterhedied.Hepassedoninafirethreeyearsago，whenhewasonly35.2.Theunderlinedpart“passedon”isclosestinmeaningto“______”.A.satB.roseC.diedD.stood【答案】C

【解析】此题考查词义猜测。由原文中画线词前的一句“Theshyfarmer’scomicbooksbecamefamousonlyafterhedied.”以及后一句句意可以看出答案选C。【例4】MostcitiesandtownsinChinahavenightmarkets.Duringtheday，thesestreetsarequiet.Atnight，theybecomecrowded(拥挤的)andlively.Usually，peoplegetthereatthreeorfourintheafternoon．By6：00，thestreetsarelikeriversofpeople.Nightmarketsarefunplacestoshop.Youcanbuyclothes，shoes,andmanyotherthings.Ifyouthinkthepriceistoohigh，youcanbargainwiththeseller.Youcanalsobuynicefood．Whenyouarehungry，youcansitdownforameal.Smellytofuispopular，butitreallysmellsbad!Thebestthingisthateverythinginnightmarketsischeap!What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“bargain"inthepassage?A．付款B．讨价还价C．争吵D．打架【答案】B【解析】根据上文“Ifyouthinkthepriceistoohigh，”推断出你可以和卖家还价。注意正确项和干扰项的特征，回到文中确定答案正确选项的特点有：①正话反说；②同义词替换；③叙述角度转换意思不变。干扰项的特点是：①绝对化：选项中出现绝对化的词汇，如only，all，any，every，always，never等，此时应格外小心；②偷换概念：如扩大或缩小范围，要特别关注名词前有无修饰；③片面化：以偏概全，以细节代主题等；④串段现象：如某题考第二段内容，但把别的段落的信息放在选项中；⑤无中生有：如加上最高级或唯一性、虚假比较、无关话题等。【例题】Inherletter,Susansaysshegoestoschoolfivedaysaweek.Shegetstoschoolat8:30inthemorning.Shedoesn’tgohomeforlunch,buthasitatschool.5.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.HanXueisamiddleschoolstudentinAmerica.B.Susanhasnohomeworkduringweekdays.C.Susanhaslunchatschool.D.Susanplaysgameswithhermotherafterschool.【答案】C【解析】此题正确答案是C，C项信息与文中“Shedoesn’tgohomeforlunchbuthasitatschool.”这一句一致，因而是正确答案。

【精选练习】UniversityofOxfordistheoldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandit’soneofthetopuniversityintheworld.Thereisnocleardatewhentheuniversitystarted,butteachingbeganatOxfordinsomeformsin1096anddevelopedquicklyfrom1167.Thereare39independent(独立的)collegesatOxford,attractingstudentsandlearnedmenfromacrosstheworld.Thereareover100librariesforthestudentsandlearnedmentouse.AtUniversityofOxford,theyalsoprovideanumberofmoneyforthebeststudents.Ofcourse,ifyouwanttostudyhere,firstyouhavetoreachacertainlevelofEnglishlanguage.CollegelifeatOxfordisveryexcitingbutbusy.Thegroupsofcollegeprovideafriendlyandwelcominghomeforstudentswhilethecollegearestrictwithstudentsabouttheirstudies.ManyChinesestudentsarestudyinghere.ThenumberofChinesestudentsattheuniversityhasgrownquicklyoverthepast10years.1.HowmanylibrariesarethereatOxford?A.Only100B.Just100C.Morethan100D.lessthan1002.WhatdoyouhavetodofirstifyouwanttoaskforstudyingatOxford?Youhaveto__________.A.beindependentB.passacertainleveltestofEnglishlanguageC.studyEnglishhardD.bethebeststudents【答案】CB【解析】1.细节理解题。从Thereareover100librariesforthestudentsandlearnedmentouse.这一句可以仔细和选项对比一下，很快会发现文章中over100和C选项中Morethan100的细微区别。其实两者意思完全等同，所以毫无疑问选择C。2.细节理解题。从ifyouwanttostudyhere,firstyouhavetoreachacertainlevelofEnglishlanguage这一句中很快就能发现和B选项中的细节相关，仔细对比一下也就一词之差。所以能很快根据这一点选出答案。Wildbeavers(河狸)areback!Expertssaythatthewildbeaverfamiliesaredoingwell.Thebeaversareevenboostingwildlifeandtheenvironment!Overtenyearsago,afamilyofbeaversturnedupinapartoftheriverOtter,inDevon.Nooneknewexactlywheretheycamefrom.Itwasabigsurprise—wildbeavershadn’tlivedinEnglandforaround400years!In2015,thegovernmentallowedthebeaverstostaythereaspartofatrial(试验).Theywantedtoseeiftheseanimalscouldbereintroducedtothewild.ThetrialendsinFebruary.SomescientistsfromtheUniversityofExeteralreadysaythebeavershelpthewildlifeinthearea.Onescientistcalledit“anamazingstory”.Alotofthisisbecauseofdams.Beaversbuilddamsalongtheriver.Thiscreatesdeeppoolsintheriverbedandslowsthewaterdown.Scientistssaythisisperfectformanydifferenttypesofplantsandanimals!Manyplantsaregrowingnearthebeavers.Differenttypesofanimalsarealsobecomingmoreandmoreintheriver.Beaversalsohelpmakefloodingless,scientistssay.Thebeavers’damsslowdownthespeedoftheriver,especiallyafterheavyrain.Thereare,however,someproblems.Beaversgnaw(咬，啃)ontreesandthiscanharmthem.Theirdamscanalsosometimescreatefloodsonpeople’sland.Beaversaren’ttheonlyanimalsthatarebeingreintroducedtothewild!In2019,redsquirrelswerebroughtbacktoanareaoftheScottishHighlands.Furtheraway,theworld’srarestduck,theMadagascarpochard,ismakingacomeback.ItwassetfreeintothewildontheAfricanislandin2019andisdoingwell.Whoknowswhatotheranimalsmightbemakingacomeback?48.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“boosting”inparagraph1?A.building B.spreading C.helping D.creating49.Whydidthegovernmentwantatrialfirst?Becausetheywantedto________.A.growmoreplantsalongtheriver B.builddamsforthebeaversinthewildC.seeifthebeaverscouldbereintroducedtothewild D.introducethebeaverstothewild50.Howdoyouthinkanimalloversfeelaboutthenews?A.Surprised. B.Pleased. C.Worried. D.Disappointed.【答案】48.C49.C50.B【解析】本文主要介绍了河狸的回归有助于生态环境以及很多其他动物也被重新引入野外。【48题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Expertssaythatthewildbeaverfamiliesaredoingwell.Thebeaversareevenboostingwildlifeandtheenvironment!”可知，河狸有助于野生动物和环境，因此“boosting”意为“helping”。故选C。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据“In2015,thegovernmentallowedthebeaverstostaythereaspartofatrial(试验).Theywantedtoseeiftheseanimalscouldbereintroducedtothewild.”可知，政府想看看这些动物是否可以被重新引入野外。故选C。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，河狸和其他动物的回归，会有助于生态环境，因此动物爱好者看到的话会很开心。故选B。OnMay22,2021,peopleinChinaandaroundtheworldfeltsad.China’s“FatherofHybridRice”—YuanLongpingpassedawayat91onthisday.Yuanspenthisliferesearchinghybridrice,whichendedhungerformillionsofpeoplenotonlyinChina,butaroundtheworld.Hybridriceisgrowninabout57percentofChina’sricefields.Itfeedsmorethan80millionpeopleayear.Itisalsogrowninover40countries,includingIndia,theUSA,Brazil,ete.Yuangrewupinatimeofwarandfamine(饥荒).GettingenoughtoeatwasaseriousprobleminChinaatthattime.Afterhefinishedhighschool,hedecidedtostudyagriculture.Afterseeingmanypeopledieofhungerduringaseriousfamine,hedecidedtostudyhybridrice.In1973,hesucceededingrowingtheworld’sfirsthigh-yield(高产的)hybridrice.Itcouldreachayieldofover500kgpermu(亩).In2019，hewasawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,China’shigheststatehonour.In2020,hybridriceachieved1500kilogramspermuintwogrowingseasons,settinganewworldrecord.Yuanoncesaidhehadtwodreams.Onewastoenjoytheshadeunderricecropsthatweretallerthanmen.Theotherwasthathybridricewouldbegrownallovertheworld.Ithinkhisdreamsmightcometrueoneday.31.WhenwasYuanLongpingborn?A.In1922. B.In1930. C.In1940. D.In1957.32.HowdidYuanLongpinghelppeoplesolvethefoodproblem?A.Hedevelopedthehybridricewithhisteam.B.Heborrowedenoughfoodfromothercountries.C.Hediscoveredanotherkindoffoodtoeat.D.Heaskedpeopletoplantmorericeintheirfields.33.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?A.Thenewkindofhybridriceisworthstudyingforever.B.HowtoplantthenewkindofhybridriceinChina.C.Theyieldofnewhybridriceisimprovingquickly.D.We’llrememberChina’s“FatherofHybridRice”forever.【答案】31.B32.A33.D【解析】本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平，主要介绍了他的生平事迹以及贡献。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“OnMay22,2021,peopleinChinaandaroundtheworldfeltsad.China’s“FatherofHybridRice”—YuanLongpingpassedawayat91onthisday”可知2021年91岁的袁隆平去世，可推出他是1930年出生。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“Yuanspenthisliferesearchinghybridrice,whichendedhungerformillionsofpeoplenotonlyinChina,butaroundtheworld”可知袁先生毕生研究杂交水稻，不仅在中国，而且在全世界结束了数百万人的饥饿。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平，主要介绍了他的生平事迹以及贡献，我们会永远记住他的。故选D。Whatmakessmartphonesfunanduseful?Theapps,ofcourse.BesidespopularoneslikeWeChat,QQandTikTok,whatotherappsdoyouknow?Infact,therearemanyappsthatyoucanhavefunwith.Checkoutsomeofthemhere.Vocabularycom——iOSWhetheryouarealinguist(语言学家)orabeginnerlookingtoimproveyourEnglishlanguageskills,Vocabulary.comhassomethingtooffer.WhatmakesVocabulary.comspecialisthatitismuchmorethanjustadictionary.Ithasthebasicfeaturesofadictionaryapp—explanations,pronunciationsandgrammartips—butitalsohasawordlearningsystem.Thismeansthatyougettopractisethewordsyoulearnthroughafunpoint—basedgame.Thegamewillhelpyourememberwordsmorequickly.Theappknowsthatevenifyoulookupaword,youmightstillforgetitsoon.Soithelpsyourememberwordsbyrepeatingtheminthegame.It’slikecarryingyourEnglishteacherinyourpocket!Prisma—Android/iOSAreyouafanofart?Here’sanappcreatedjustforyou.Prismaisaphoto—editing(图片编辑)appunlikeanyother.Thephotofilters(滤镜)ontheappcanmakeyourpictureslooklikeworksofart.What’smore,thefiltersonPrismanevergetold.Prismaoffersanewphotofiltereveryday.However,italsogivesyouthefreedomtochangethefilterswithitsimage—enhancing(图像增强)tools.Letyourimaginationgowild!Youcanhaveaportrait(肖像)paintedbyPicasso,too!37.Comparedwithotherdictionaries,what’sthemaindifferenceofVocabulary.com?A.IthelpsyouimproveEnglish.B.Itcanexplainthewordsbetter.C.Thetipsinitaremoreaccurate.D.YoucanlearnEnglishbyplayinggames.38.AmobilephoneuserwholovesartcandownloadPrismato_________.A.takephotos B.editpictures C.recordvideos D.drawpaintings39.WhydothefiltersonPrismanevergetold?A.Prismaupdates(更新)theirfiltersdaily.B.Theimagine-enhancingtoolsareoutofdate.C.ThefiltersinPrismaneverchange.D.Youcannothaveaportraitofyourself.40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Prismafailstoimproveyourimagination.B.Allofuscanrememberwordsinashorttime.C.Smartphonesareusefulwithallkindsofinterestingapps.D.AndroiduserscandownloadVocabulary.com.【答案】37.D38.B39.A40.C【解析】本文介绍了两款智能手机上的应用程序：Vocabulary.com和Prisma。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ithasthebasicfeaturesofadictionaryapp—explanations,pronunciationsandgrammartips—butitalsohasawordlearningsystem.Thismeansthatyougettopractisethewordsyoulearnthroughafunpoint—basedgame.”可知，与其他词典相比，Vocabulary.com的主要区别是通过玩游戏来学习英语。故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“Prismaisaphoto—editing(图片编辑)appunlikeanyother.”可知，热爱艺术的手机用户可以下载Prisma来编辑图片。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“What’smore,thefiltersonPrismanevergetold.Prismaoffersanewphotofiltereveryday.”可知，Prisma的滤镜永远不会变老，因为Prisma每天更新滤镜。故选A。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“Whatmakessmartphonesfunanduseful?Theapps,ofcourse.BesidespopularoneslikeWeChat,QQandTikTok,whatotherappsdoyouknow?Infact,therearemanyappsthatyoucanhavefunwith.”可知，智能手机有各种有趣的应用程序，从而很有用。故选C。NataliePortman,anAmericanactress,wonanOscar.ShegraduatedfromHarvard.Shehaseventriedoutmoviedirecting.Andshebroughtherfirstmovietothe6thBeijingFilmInternationalFilmFestivallastmonth.However,fewpeoplerealizethatPortmanusedtohavesomeverydifferentmoments,andithappenedduringhertimeatHarvardUniversity.PortmanwenttoHarvardattheageof18.Atthetime,shehadbeenactingforsevenyearsandwasalreadyfamous.Butonthatfamouscampus,shenearlylostherconfidence.Shethoughtshecouldneverread1,000pageseveryweekorwritea50paper.Shewasshockedbyherclassmates—theythoughtthattheworkload(工作量)waseasytofinish,comparedwithhighschool.ShestartedtothinkthatshecouldonlygotoHarvardbecauseshewasfamous.“IfeltlikeeverytimeIopenmymouth,IwouldhavetoshowthatIwasn’tjustafoolishactress.”Thatfeelingwentonfortwoyears.Luckily,thingsgotbetter.In2003,Portmangraduatedwithabachelor’sdegreeinpsychology.Portmansaidthattheexperiencetaughtherthatoneshouldbealwaysconfident.Thatway,shesaid,youcan“trythingsthatyouneverwouldhavetried”.Shetriedalotofnewthingswithherfirstmovie“ATaleofLoveandDarkness”.Shedirectedit.Shewrotepartofthescript.ShealsomadethefilminHebrew(希伯来语),thelanguageofIsrael,herbirthplace.“AllofthesethingswerechallengesIshouldhavebeenafraidof,asIwascompletelyunprepared,”saidPortman.“Butoncethere,Ihadtofigureitallout,andmybeliefthatIcouldcontrolthesething