2024年高考二轮复习-推理判断题（答题模版）（原卷版）

2/2题型02推理判断题模板01隐含意义推断题模板模板01隐含意义推断题模板模板02观点态度推断题模板模板03文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题模板模板04下文预测推断题模板推理判断题命题方式Itcanbeinferred/concludedthat_________.Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationwouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward_________?Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat_________.Whatcanwelearnabout...fromthefirsttwoparagraphs?(2023新高考I卷)Thepassage/story...indicates/suggests/impliesthat.Whatcanweinferfrom...？(2023年全国乙卷)Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?(2022年新高考I卷)模板01隐含意义推断题答题要素规律答题第一步锁定关键词：迅速定位关键词如infer,imply,conclude,suggest等在文中对应的信息处。第二步精译文中句：运用翻译技巧、句子成分划分、长难句辨析等方法读懂原文信息，揣摩细节，利用逆向思维和正向推理，根据文章结构和线索词推断隐含意义。第三步核对选项细节。在这个步骤中，通常原词出现处是错误选项，正确项会采用同义替换。注意：注意核对推理判断题干扰项典型特征如：主观臆断、过度推断、以细节代替推断、无中生有等。【典例】（2023·福建泉州·高三校考期中）Willartificialintelligence(AI)replacemyjob?Thisisaquestionthatmanypeoplethinkaboutthesedays.Atpresent,theapplicationofAIroboticsinprofessionalfields,aswellasChatGPT’sabilitiestowriteessays,solvecomplexproblemsandmore,haveheightenedmoralconcerns.TheAI-drivennewindustrialrevolutionisirreversible.This,likepreviousones,whichintroducedchangesthathadbeenunimaginablebefore,willcertainlyaffecthumanemployment.Butitalwaysturnedouthumanitywasabletoadapttoeachindustrialrevolutionandcreatenewformsofemployment.Therefore,it’sunnecessarytoworryAIwillreplaceourjobs.Whiletechnologyadvancesatarapidpace,whatweneedtodoistowelcometheAIeraratherthanblockitsunfoldingforfearoftheunknown.4．WhatdoesthewritersuggestreadersdowiththecomingoftheAIera?A．Acceptitpassively. B．Dealwithitpositively.C．Respondtoitrandomly. D．Defenditunconditionally.模板02观点态度推断题模板答题要素规律答题第一步锁定关键词：分析题干，抓牢关键词如，主语与feel,attitude,view等第二步文中定褒贬：从文章找出包含该信息的段落，运用“题文同序法”找出反映语境褒贬性及态度变化的标志性词汇或句子，运用句子剖析，掌握句意，进一步做出判断，第三步核对细节词：牢记褒贬及中性意义的词汇，积累英美国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识。提示：重点关注文中出现表示转折意义的词句，如but,however,yet等,其后一般才是作者真正的态度或意图。一般在说明文中，作者的态度时客观的或中立支持的，而在议论文中，作者的态度是多种多样的。常见的表达情感态度的词positive积极的negative消极的；optimistic乐观的pessimistic悲观的；critical批判的approval赞同的；doubtful怀疑的；disappointed失望的；neutral中立的；objective客观的；indifferent冷漠的；不同的；tolerant容忍的；【典例】（2023·广东深圳·高三校考阶段练习）Today,poetryandscienceareoftenconsideredtobemutuallyexclusivecareerpaths.Butthatwasn’talwaysthecase.ThemathematicianAdaLovelaceandthephysicistJamesClerkMahwahwerebothaccomplishedpoets.ThepoetJohnKeatswasalicensedsurgeon.Combiningthetwopracticesfelloutoffavorinthe1800s.Buttranslatingresearchintolyrics,haiku,andotherpoeticformsisresurging(再现)amongscientistsastheylookforalternativewaystoinspireotherswiththeirfindings.“Poetryisagreattoolforquestioningtheworld,”saysSamIllingworth,apoetandageoscientistwhoworksattheUniversityofWesternAustralia.Throughworkshopsandanewscience-poetryjournal,calledConsilience,Illingworthishelpingscientiststotranslatetheirlatestresultsintopoemsthatcanattractappreciationfromthoseoutsideoftheirimmediatescientificfield.StephanyMazon,ascientistfromtheUniversityofHelsinkiinFinland,joinedoneofIllingworth’sworkshops.Intheworkshop,shewasgroupedwithotherscientistsandtaskedwithwritingahaiku,a17-syllable-longpoem,whichspotlightedwater,afluidthatfeaturedinallofthegroupmembers’researchprojects.“Itwasalotoffun,andsurprisinglyeasytowritethepoem,”Mazonsays.Sheplanstocontinuewriting.“Wedoadisservice(伤害)toourselvestothinkthatscientistscan’tbeartisticandthatartcan’tbeuseatocommunicatescientificideas,”Mazonsays.ThatviewpointisechoedbyIllingworth,whothinkssciencecommunicationinitiativesaretoooftendominatedbypubliclectureswiththeirhands-offPowerPointslides.“Actually,whensciencecommunicationinvolveswritingandsharingpoems,itinvitesatwo-waydialoguebetweenexpertsandnonexperts,”hesays.Scientist-poetManjulaSilva,aneducatoratImperialCollegeLondon,agrees.Poetryprovidesawaytotranslatecomplexscientificconceptsintoalanguagethateveryonecanunderstand,Silvasays.Scientistsandpoetsarebothtryingtounderstandtheworldandcommunicatethatunderstandingwithothers.Thedistinctionbetweenscientistsandpoetsislessthanpeoplemightthink.We’realljustpeoplewithhopefullyreallyinterestingthingstosayandtoshare.38．WhatdoesIllingworththinkofthedominantwaysofsciencecommunication?A．Conventional. B．Effective. C．Innovative. D．Complex.模板03文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题模板答题要素规律答题书刊杂志中心内容突出，类别变化明显。如，以人物成长经历为主题的人物传记；介绍科技新发现的科普杂志；报纸类往往在文中出现日期、地点等名称。网站网络文中常有如www.，web,online,click,mouse等用词。旅游手册提供景点介绍或旅游路线、宾馆入住等常识或相关词汇如，souvenir等。说明书文中会出现如，设备、器具使用说明；药品服用次数、数量等。提示：1.扫描题干。2.特别关注第一段和最后一段，找到文章主旨句。在应用文中，还要重点关注小标题。3.识别表格关键词。牢记选项词如,poster海报，travelbrochure旅游指南，journal杂志，instruction说明书,，digest文摘，sciencejournal科学期刊等词。【典例01】（2023·湖南邵阳·高三湖南省邵东市第一中学校考）TheUKishometo26world-rankeduniversitiesofthetop200globally.Attheheartofeachuniversityisthelibrary,aspaceforstudentstoaccessresources,absorbknowledgeandgatherthoughts.Herearesomeofourmust-visitlibrariesacrosstheUK.TheBritishLibrary,LondonLocatedinLondon,theBritishLibraryishometoover170millionitems.Thecollectionsofferaglimpseintoliteraryheritageovertheages,frombookstomapstomanuscripts.VisitorscanbrowsetreasuresincludingLeonardodaVinci’snotebook.Studentswithareadingpassareknowntospendhoursatatimeinthereadingrooms.BodleianOldLibrary,OxfordDatingbackto1488,theBodleianOldLibraryhasthreenotablereadingrooms.ItiscelebratedforitslateGothicarchitecture.YoumayrecognizetheelaboratelycarvedceilingfromscenesinHarryPotter.Studentsattheuniversityautomaticallygetaccesstothelibrary.JohnRylandsLibrary,ManchesterInwhichcolumnofanewspapercanthepassagebefound?Culture B．Fashion C．Science D．Entertainment【典例02】Inmanycultures,itisconsideredunluckytospillsalt.Fortunately,manyculturesalsohaveasolutiontotheproblem,whichusuallyinvolvesthrowingapinchofsaltoveryourshoulder.Itmayseemconfusingtomodernhumans,butknowingthatsaltwasonceincrediblyvaluablecanchangethisperspective.Forthousandsofyears,saltwasanextremelyrarecommodity.Itwasdifficulttoobtainsothatthepricewasveryhigh.Manytradingroutesweresetuptocarrysalt,peoplewerepaidinsalt,andsaltwassometimesworthmorethanitsweightingold.Therefore,spillingsaltwasconsideredwasteful.Becauseofitshighvalue,saltwasalsoassociatedwithfriendshipandgoodfortune.Offeringsofsaltwereincludedinmanyreligiousceremonies,andpeoplemightbringsalttoanewhomeforgoodluck.Theseassociationswouldhavesuggestedthatitwouldbebadlucktospillsalt,sinceitwouldseemtoviolatesalt’sfortunateproperties.Saltisalsoanexcellentpreservative.Itpreventsfoodfromgoingbad.Assuch,itcametobelinkedwithhealthandlongevity.Insomecultures,spillingsaltwasthoughttoreduceone'swell-being.InBritain,forexample,eachspilledgrainwassaidtorepresentatear,whileinGermanyspilledsaltawakenedthedevil,bringingmisfortune.ThefearofspillingsaltwasalsoadoptedintotheChristianfaith.ItissaidthatJudasspilledsaltattheLastSupper,andsincehelaterturnedouttobethebetrayerofChrist,spilledsaltisconsideredunluckybymanyChristians.Shouldyoubeunfortunateenoughtospillsalt,youmightthrowapinchoveryourleftshouldertoblindtheDevil.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tointroducethehistoryofsalt. B．Toshowwaystoavoidmisfortune.C．Toexplainthebeliefsaboutspillingsalt. D．Toentertainreaderswithsomeanecdotes.模板04下文预测推断题模板答题要素规律答题第一步关注文章的主旨句第二步关注最后一段尤其是最后一句的内容。根据其内容预测下文。【典例】DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptationOnthewhole,Brooks’sstoryisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscoverhowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks’sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?Problemswiththebook.Brooks’slifeexperience.Deathofthecharacters.Brooks’stranslationskills.（2024·江苏苏州·高三阶段练习）It’smid-afternoon.You’refullfromlunch.Thedayiswarm.You’restartingtofeelsleepy.Shouldyougiveintothecomfortofanap(打盹)?Inpointofadvantage,itisworthit.Thoughthereissomedisagreementastowhethernappingbenefitseveryone,researchsuggestsnapscanboostatleastsomepeople’smentalprocessofunderstandingintheshortterm.Severalstudiesfindthatawell-timednapcanprovideashort-termboostinbrainpower.Forexample,scientistsreviewedpastresearchthatfocusedonhealthyparticipantswithregularsleepcycles.Thatreview,publishedin2009intheJournalofSleepResearch,showsthatnappingimprovesfactorsrangingfromreactiontimetoalertness(警觉)tomemoryperformance3．Howdoesthewriterproveargumentsinthetextmainly?A．Bylistingstatistics. B．Bycriticizewrongopinions.C．Bymakingcomparison. D．Bypresentingstudyresults.D．Themeanstogetintothehabitoflong-termnapping.2.（2023·福建·高三校联考期中）Imagineyoucanopenyourfridge,openanapponyourphoneandimmediatelyknowwhichitemswillgobadsoon.ThisisoneoftheapplicationsthatanewtechnologydevelopedbyengineersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegowouldenable.Thetechnologycombinesachip(芯片)integratedintoproductpackagingandasoftwareupdateonyourphone.Thephonebecomescapableofidentifyingobjectsbasedonsignalsthechipsendsoutfromspecificfrequencies,inthiscaseBluetoothorWiFi.Inanindustrialsetting,asmartphoneequippedwiththesoftwareupdatecouldbeusedasaradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)reader.Theworkusesbreakthroughsinbackscatter(反向散射)communication,whichusessignalsalreadygeneratedbyyoursmartphoneandre-directsthembackinaformatyourphonecanunderstand.Effectively,thistechniqueuseslesspowerthanthelatesttechnologytogenerateWiFisignals.Thecustomchip,whichisroughlythesizeofagrainofsandandcostsonlyafewpenniestoproduce,needssolittlepowerthatitcanbeentirelypoweredbyLTEsignals,atechniqueforwirelessbroadbandcommunicationformobiledevices.ThechipturnsBluetoothsignalsintoWiFisignals,whichcaninturnbedetectedbyasmartphonewiththatspecificsoftwareupdate.Thetechnology’sbroaderpromiseisthedevelopmentofdevicesthatdonotneedbatteriesbecausetheycanharvestpowerfromLTEsignalsinstead.Thisinturnwouldleadtodevicesthataresignificantlylessexpensivethatlastlonger,saidDineshBharadia,oneofthepaper’sseniorauthors.“E-waste,especiallybatteries,isoneofthebiggestproblemstheplanetisfacing,afterclimatechange,”Bharadiasaid.Forfutureresearch,theteamwillintegratethistechnologyintootherprojectstodemonstrateitscapabilities,andtheyalsohopetocommercializeit,eitherthroughastartuporthroughanindustrypartner.13．Howdoesthechipinteractwiththephone?A．Byprovidingpowerforthephone. B．ByproducingLTEsignalsforthephone.C．BygivingBluetoothsignalstothephone. D．BysendingWiFisignalsbacktothephone.14．WhatisthepotentialofthetechnologyaccordingtoBharadia?A．Reducinge-waste. B．Makingbatteriescheap.C．SupplyingpowertoLTEsignals. D．DecreasingthecostofLTEsignals.3.（2023·河南驻马店·高三校联考阶段练习）Fallenleavesareeverywhereaswintercomes.Traditionally,peoplesweepupthefallenleaves,puttheminbagsandsendthemtolandfills.Butthereisagrowingmovementtoleaveleavesontheground.They’llnaturallybreakdownoverthewinterintorichorganicmatter.Thematteralsoshelterssomeinsects.Butsomeleavespreventthegrowthofotherplants.Blackwalnut(黑胡桃),forexample,containsapoisoninitsleavesthatkillsmanyplants,includingapples,peppers,tomatoesandpotatoes.Besides,wholeleavesshouldnotbepermittedtoremainonwalkways,wheretheycouldmakethepathdangerouslyslippery.Theyshouldalsonotbeleftongrasslawns,wheretheyarelikelytocausedisease.Inareasthatexperiencesnowcover,waterwouldbecometrappedbetweengrassandleaves.Inareaswithoutsnow,wholeleavesthatcovergrassesblockwaterandsunlightfromreachingthesoilbelow.Manypeoplechoosetobreakuptheleavesusingamachineandletthepiecesfallbetweenpiecesofgrass.Thenthepiecesbreakdownfurtherinthesoil.However,thistreatmentcankillinsectsandtheireggs.Anothermethodistotaketheleavesoffthelawnandspreadthemlightlytocovergardenbeds.Theleavesmostlybreakdownbyspringandalmostentirelybysummer.Butifnot,theyshouldberemovedbeforespringgrowthbegins.Leavesalsocanbeusedtomakeleafmold(腐叶土),atypeoffertilizermadeentirelyfromleaves.Justputtheleavesinacorner,addnitrogenfertilizer(氮肥),andthenwaterthemtokeepthemwetinside.Itmaytakeayearortwo,buttheleaveswillbreakdownintoanutritioussoil.Fallenleavesbuildrichsoil,protectplantrootsandshelterwildlife,inyourgarden,andelsewhere.Donecorrectly,leavingtheleavesisoneofthebestwaystoturnyardwasteintofreefertilizer,whichisgoodforplants,theenvironment,andsavingmoney.Whywastethatimportantresource?29．WhyareBlackwalnutleavesmentioned?A．Toanalysetheiruniquefeatures. B．Tocomparetheirmaindifferences.C．Tochangepeople’sopinionsonleaves. D．Toshowthepotentialdangersofsomeleaves.4.（2023·湖南长沙·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习）“Iwasnotexceptionalatall,”ClaudiaGoldinoncetoldmeofhertimeasaneconomicsPhDstudentattheUniversityofChicago.Butasthecourseprogressed,shesaid,“Ifeltlikelightbulbsweregoingoninmyhead.”OnOctober9thebrightnessofthoselightswasconfirmed,asshewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinEconomics“forhavingadvancedourunderstandingofwomen’slabourmarketoutcomes”.Goldinfoundmenrelativelydull,atleastasatopicofstudy.Theirlabourwasuniformcomparedtothatofwomen,whomightswitchbetweencaringforchildren,toiling(辛苦工作)inthefamilybusinessesorsweatingsomewhereelse.Butthiscomplexitywashardertomeasure.AccordingtoAmerica’shistoricalstatistics,forexample,theiroccupationwasoftenunhelpfullylistedas“wife”.SoGoldinsetouttomeasuretheirworkproperly.Thestandardpatternofdevelopmentwasoncethatascountriesgotricher,womenwerepulledintothelabourmarket.Butbypainstakinglystitchingtogetherdifferentdatasets,GoldinestablishedthatAmerica’spathwasmorecomplicated,andthatgrowthinthe1800scoincidedwithwomenmovingawayfromworkotherthandomesticlabour.Why?Forastart,factoryjobswerehardertocombinewithchildcarethan,say,sewingathome.Andricherfamiliescouldaffordtosparewomentheindignityoftoil.Goldinarguedthatstigma(污名)reinforcedthis,ortheideathat“onlyahusbandwhoislazyandneglectfulofhisfamilywouldallowhiswifetodosuchlabour.”Laterthestigmafaded—theofficeclerkjobofthe20thcenturywaseasier,andconsistentwiththeimpressionofasupportivespouse.Withthearrivaloftightlabourmarketsinthe1950s,discriminatorypoliciesagainsthiringmarriedwomenwerevirtuallyabandoned.Today,womenstillworkandearnlessthanmen.Associalnormshaveshiftedandrealbarriershavefallen,Goldinsaysthatmostoftheremaininggendergapsfacingcollege-educatedwomenareduetosomethingelse.So-called“greedyjobs”rewardround-the-clockworkandareconflictingwithbeingoncallforchildren.Perhapsmenshouldalsosharethefamilyburdenandallowtheirpartnerstobemoreprofessionallyinvolvedinstead.48．WhichofthefollowingisthecaseforAmericanwomeninthe1800s?A．Theytookanactivepartinworkforce.B．Theywerecomfortableenoughnottowork.C．Theystoodagoodchanceinofficejobs.D．Theywerestillstuckinhouseholdchores.49．Whydoestheauthormention“greedyjobs”inparagraph5?A．Toexplainthecurrentgendergaps.B．Tointroducetheemployeerewardsystem.C．Tocallonmentostayathome.D．Toexposethegreedynatureofcapitalists.5.（2023·湖南长沙·高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习）Despitebeingconnectedonline,nomatterwhatstateyou’refrom,eachcitystillretainsitsownlanguageandslang.AtmypublichighschoolinLosAngeles,wehadourownsecretlanguage.Apartywasa“yart”.Abeerwasa“brewsky”.IfItriedtousethesewordsinfrontofanyonethatdidn’tliveinLosAngeles,theywouldhavenoideawhatwasgoingon.WhenIcametocollegeandusedthesewordsaroundmyroommatefromtheEastCoast,shewouldlookatmewithablankstare.Teenagersareoftenblamedforpullingapartstandardlinguisticpatterns.Thewaymyparentsusedtotalkisn’tthesamewaythatteenagerstalknow.Butitreflectsthedynamicnatureoflanguage,whichevolvesovertimeduetovariousinfluences,includinggenerationalshiftsandtechnologicaladvancements.Teenagers,atanagewhentheyareactivelyexploringtheiridentityandseekingtodifferentiatethemselvesfrompreviousgenerations,oftenplayasignificantroleinthisevolution.It’sinterestingtonotethatpeoplearoundtheworldallhavedifferenttermsforeverydaythings.Lastyear,IcameacrossaBritishshowcalledLoveIsland,whichisarealityshowthatmixespeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheU.K.ina“villa”(anotherwordAmericansdon’ttypicallysay)forabouteightweeks.Asabystander,thewaytheytalkedfeltsoelegantandfun,buttothem,itwasjustnormal.Whetherthewaywetalkisregionalorfromonline,thesoulofcommunicationliesinitspowertoconnectpeople,fosterunderstanding,andfacilitateinteractionsthatshapeourpersonalandsociallives.Ihaveoftenfoundit’sthewayweconnectwiththepeoplewelivearound.57．WhydoestheauthormentiontheBritishshowinparagraph3?A．Todemonstrateworldwidelanguagediversity.B．TospeakhighlyofBritishEnglish.C．Torecommendarealityshow.D．TointroduceeverydayexpressionsinBritain.6.（2023·广东深圳·高三校考阶段练习）ThatviewpointisechoedbyIllingworth,whothinkssciencecommunicationinitiativesaretoooftendominatedbypubliclectureswiththeirhands-offPowerPointslides.“Actually,whensciencecommunicationinvolveswritingandsharingpoems,itinvitesatwo-waydialoguebetweenexpertsandnonexperts,”hesays.Scientist-poetManjulaSilva,aneducatoratImperialCollegeLondon,agrees.Poetryprovidesawaytotranslatecomplexscientificconceptsintoalanguagethateveryonecanunderstand,Silvasays15．WhatdoesIllingworththinkofthedominantwaysofsciencecommunication?A．Conventional. B．Effective. C．Innovative. D．Complex.7.（2023·湖南长沙·高三湖南师大附中校考）Despitebeingconnectedonline,nomatterwhatstateyou’refrom,eachcitystillretainsitsownlanguageandslang.AtmypublichighschoolinLosAngeles,wehadourownsecretlanguage.Apartywasa“yart”.Abeerwasa“brewsky”.IfItriedtousethesewordsinfrontofanyonethatdidn’tliveinLosAngeles,theywouldhavenoideawhatwasgoingon.WhenIcametocollegeandusedthesewordsaroundmyroommatefromtheEastCoast,shewouldlookatmewithablankstare.Teenagersareoftenblamedforpullingapartstandardlinguisticpatterns.Thewaymyparentsusedtotalkisn’tthesamewaythatteenagerstalknow.Butitreflectsthedynamicnatureoflanguage,whichevolvesovertimeduetovariousinfluences,includinggenerationalshiftsandtechnologicaladvancements.Teenagers,atanagewhentheyareactivelyexploringtheiridentityandseekingtodifferentiatethemselvesfrompreviousgenerations,oftenplayasignificantroleinthisevolution.It’sinterestingtonotethatpeoplearoundtheworldallhavedifferenttermsforeverydaythings.Lastyear,IcameacrossaBritishshowcalledLoveIsland,whichisarealityshowthatmixespeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheU.K.ina“villa”(anotherwordAmericansdon’ttypicallysay)forabouteightweeks.Asabystander,thewaytheytalkedfeltsoelegantandfun,buttothem,itwasjustnormal.Whetherthewaywetalkisregionalorfromonline,thesoulofcommunicationliesinitspowertoconnectpeople,fosterunderstanding,andfacilitateinteractionsthatshapeourpersonalandsociallives.Ihaveoftenfoundit’sthewayweconnectwiththepeoplewelivearound.19．WhydoestheauthormentiontheBritishshowinparagraph3?A．Todemonstrateworldwidelanguagediversity.B．TospeakhighlyofBritishEnglish.C．Torecommendarealityshow.D．TointroduceeverydayexpressionsinBritain.8.（2023·辽宁丹东·高三校联考阶段练习）Crimefictio