2025届高考英语大一轮复习Unit14Careers课时作业14b北师大版必修5

PAGEPAGE1课时作业14CareersⅠ.阅读理解(2024·华东师范高校其次附属中学月考)GriffithObservatory(天文台)isanationalleaderinpublicastronomy,andoneofthemostpopularattractionsinLosAngeles.Itislocatedonthesouthernslope(山坡)ofMountHollywoodinGriffithParkat1,134feetabovesealevel.VisitorsmaydrivetotheObservatoryandparkinitsparkinglotoronnearbyroads.Noreservation(预订)isrequiredtovisit.Parkingislimited,andthebusiesttimesareweekends.Buses,taxis,andcarpoolsarewelcome.LADOTprovidesweekendpublicbusservicefromtheSunset/VermontMetroRedLinestation.GriffithObservatoryisopensixdaysaweek.Admissionandparkingarefree.HoursofOperationTuesday—Friday 12：00noon—10：00pmSaturday—Sunday 10：00am—10：00pmMondayClosedThanksgivingDayandChristmasDayClosedSamuelOschinPlanetariumTheSamuelOschinPlanetariumtheateroffers8to10live,half­hourpresentationseachday.Thereareusuallyfourdifferentshowsfromwhichtochoose.Showsarepresentedevery60to90minutes.Checkthewebsite,informationdesks,ortheboxofficeforeachday'sshowtimes.Lateseatingisnotpermitted.SamuelOschinPlanetariumticketsmustbepurchasedattheObservatoryandareonlyavailableonthedayoftheshow.Theticketpricesforshowsare：Adults(13—59yearsold)$7.00Children(5—12yearsold)$3.00Seniors(60yearsandolder)$5.00Students$5.00Childrenunder5yearswillbeadmittedonlytothefirstshoweachday.Hearingassistdevicesareavailableuponrequest.PublicTelescopesFreepublictelescopesareavailableeacheveningtheObservatoryisopenandskiesareclear.TheZeisstelescopeontheroofisgenerallyopenby7：00pm.Allobservingmustbecompletedby9：45pm.本文主要介绍的是美国闻名景点——格里菲斯天文台。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutGriffithObservatoryaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisopenalltheyeararound.B．Itismostlyvisitedatweekends.C．ItbecomesfamousbecauseofHollywood.D．ItisthemostattractiveplaceinLosAngeles.答案：B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第三句“Parkingislimited,andthebusiesttimesareweekends.”可知，周末是格里菲斯天文台最繁忙的时间。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheSamuelOschinPlanetariumtheater?A．Hearingassistdevicesareprovidedtoseniors.B．Theshowstheregenerallylast60to90minutes.C．Visitorsarerequiredtobeseatedbeforetheshowstarts.D．Theticketsforitsshowscanbeboughtthroughthewebsite.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据SamuelOschinPlanetarium部分其次段最终一句“Lateseatingisnotpermitted.”可知，要提前入场就座，迟到了就不能进剧场了。3．Towatchtheshow,ayoungcouplewitha7­year­oldsonshouldpay________.A．$13.00 B．$15.00C．$17.00 D．$20.00答案：C解析：数字计算题。依据票价“Adults(13—59yearsold)$7.00”和“Children(5—12yearsold)$3.00”可知，一对年轻夫妇和一个7岁男孩共须要17美元。4．Whichofthefollowingischarged?A．Parking.B．Telescopes.C．Hearingassistdevices.D．LADOTbusservice.答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章中的“Admissionandparkingarefree.”“Freepublictelescopesareavailable”和“Hearingassistdevicesareavailableuponrequest.”可知，A、B、C三项都是免费的，故选D。Ⅱ.阅读填句(2024·山西六校联考)HowtodrivegreenerBuyinggreencanproducegreatbenefitsandsocansmallchangesinyourdrivingbehavior.__1__1．Avoidaggressivedriving.Suddenstartsandaggressivedrivingcanwasteyourgas.__2__That'sbecausejustonesecondofhigh­powereddrivingcanproducethesamelevelofCOas30minutesofnormaldriving.2.__3__Alotofusliketopushthespeedometerupto75milesperhouronthehighway.However,slowingdownto65milesperhourcanincreaseyourfueleconomybyupto10percentandreducetheamountofpollutioncomingfromyourcar.3．Planahead.Whenpossible,planyourtripstoavoidthestop­and­goofrushhour.Andremembertopackallofyourtasksintoonetripsinceawarmed­upengineproducesfeweremissions(排放物)．4．Payattentionatthegasstation.Don'toverfillyourgastankortrytotopitoffbecausespilled(溢出)gaschangesintomixtureoffogandsmokeandcanpollutegroundwater.Whenyouarefinishedfillingup,besureyoutightenyourgascap.__4__5．Parksmart.Parkingyourcarintheshadenotonlyhelpsyouavoidfeelingveryhotinyourcar,butithelpsminimizeevaporation(蒸发)offuel.6.__5__Bywalking,cyclingorpublictransport,youwillmakeabigdifferenceforourplanet.Leaveyourcarathomejusttwodaysaweek.Andyouwillhelpcutgreenhousegasemissionsby1,500poundsayear.A．Changetheoil.B．Slowdown.C．Leaveyourcarathome.D．Andthistypeofdrivingbehavioraddstopollution.E．Inthiswayyoucansaveasmuchas30gallonsayear.F．Thefollowingadvicecanhelpyousavegasandcontributetothewell­beingofourplanet.G．Parkinginyourgaragewhenpossibletocutdownonsummerheatandkeepofffrostinthewinter.文章主要就如何开车更加环保，给出了我们几点建议。1．F解析：考查对上下文理解及推理推断实力。句意：下面的建议可以帮助你节约汽油，有助于地球的健康。依据下文中的几点建议，可知此处引出下文。依据题意，故选F。2．D解析：考查对上下文理解及推理推断实力。句意：这种类型的驾驶行为，加重了对环境的污染。依据下文“That'sbecausejustonesecondofhigh­powereddrivingcanproducethesamelevelofCOas30minutesofnormaldriving.”那是因为即使只有一秒钟的高功率驾驶也可以产生与正常行驶30分钟相同的一氧化碳量。可知这种类型的行驶会对环境造成污染。依据题意，故选D。3．B解析：考查对上下文理解及推理推断实力。句意：慢下来。依据下文“However,slowingdownto65milesperhourcanincreaseyourfueleconomybyupto10percentandreducetheamountofpollutioncomingfromyourcar.”然而，减速至每小时65英里可以使你的燃油经济性提高10%，并削减汽车排放的污染量。可知该段主要讲解并描述的是减速。依据题意，故选B。4．E解析：考查对上下文理解及推理推断实力。句意：通过这种方式一年你可以节约高达30加仑汽油。依据上文“Don'toverfillyourgastankortrytotopitoffbecausespilled(溢出)gaschangesintomixtureoffogandsmokeandcanpollutegroundwater.Whenyouarefinishedfillingup,besureyoutightenyourgascap.”不要让油箱太满或溢出来，因为溢出来的汽油会变成混合的雾与烟，可能会污染地下水。当你加满油后，确保拧紧油盖。可推知这样可以节约能源。前后为因果关系。依据题意，故选E。5．C解析：考查对上下文理解及推理推断实力。句意：把你的车留在家里。依据下文“Leaveyourcarathomejusttwodaysaweek.Andyouwillhelpcutgreenhousegasemissionsby1,500poundsayear.”一周里，把你的车只停在家里两天。一年你将帮助削减1500磅的温室气体排放量。依据题意，故选C。Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·江西新余四中检测)Thereisgoodandbadnewsaboutthenumberoftreesonourplanet.Thegoodnewsis__1__thereareseventimesmoretreesthanwe__2__(think).Afewyearsago,scientistsestimatedtheworldhad400billiontrees,butanewstudymakesa__3__(calculate)thattherearearoundthreetrilliontrees.That'sathree__4__(follow)by12zeroes.ButDrThomasCrowthertoldtheBBCthatthisnewnumberisunable__5__(change)anything.Whatisthebadnews?Thousandsofyearsago,theearthhadaroundsixtrilliontrees.Humanactivityhascutthenumberoftreesontheplanet__6__half.Agoodexampleofthisis__7__factthatEuropeusedtobeoneofthegiantforests.DrCrowthersaidpeopleare__8__(responsibility)forthelossofthreetrilliontrees.Another15billiontreesarelosteachyearbecauseofdeforestation(毁林)andfarmland.Thescientistssaidthisfigureis“__9__(extreme)higher”thanacenturyago.DrCrowtheradded,“Thisstudyhighlightshowmuchmoreeffort__10__(need)ifwearetorestorehealthyforestsworldwide.”这是一篇说明文。文中介绍了地球上树木的现有量。1．that解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分和句意完整，故用that。2．thought解析：考查时态。这里说的是“比我们原本以为的……”，故要用一般过去时。3．calculation解析：考查名词。依据空前的“a”可知此处要用名词形式。4．followed解析：考查非谓语动词。follow与three之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。5．to_change解析：考查非谓语动词。be(un)abletodosth.意为“(不)能做某事”，是常用表达。6．in解析：考查介词。inhalf意为“减半”。7．the解析：考查冠词。依据语境可知，此处应当用定冠词the特指fact。8．responsible解析：考查形容词。依据语境可知，此处指人们应当为树木的削减负责。beresponsiblefor“对……负责”是固定搭配，故填responsible。9．extremely解析：考查副词。依据句意及句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词higher，应用副词形式。10．is_needed/will_be_needed解析：考查主谓一样、时态和语态。这项探讨表明，假如要在世界范围内复原健康的森林，那我们须要再做多少努力。主句主语effort与need之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。“howmuchmoreeffort”的谓语应用单数，故应填isneeded。此处也可理解为表示将来要发生的动作，故主句可用一般将来时。Ⅳ.短文改错(2024·河北衡水一中月考)MyEnglishteacherrecommendedmetotakeapartinanEnglishspeechcompetition.ButIdoubtthatIhavetheabilitytowin.AsisknowntoallmyclassmatesthatIcanspeakEnglishasifIamanativespeaker.However,Idarenotvoicemyopinions,speciallyinpublic.MybestfriendLilyhasbeenencouragingtoreceivethechallenge.Onheropinion,whetherIcanwinthecompetitionornotdoesn'tmatteraslongItrymybest.Encouragedbyher,Ihavedecidedtohavingatry,challengingmyself.Imustconquermyshy.Wishmyselfgoodluck.答案与解析MyEnglishteacherrecommendedmetotakeeq\o(a,＼)partinanEnglishspeechcompetition.ButIdoubteq\o(that,\s\do15(whether))Ihavetheabilitytowin.eq\o(As,\s\do15(It))isknowntoallmyclassmatesthatIcanspeakEnglishasifIeq\o(am,\s\do15(were))anativespeaker.However,Idarenotvoicemyopinions,eq\o(specially,\s\do15(especially))inpublic.MybestfriendLilyhasbeenencouragingtoeq\o(receive,\s\do15(accept))thechallenge.eq\o(On,\s\do15(In))heropinion,whetherIcanwinthecompetitionornotdoesn'tmatteraslongeq\o(∧,\s\do15(as))Itrymybest.Encouragedbyher,Ihavedecidedtoeq\o(having,\s\do15(have))atry,challengingmyself.Imustconquermyeq\o(shy,\s\do15(shyness)).Wishmyselfgoodluck.1．去掉a考查动词短语。takepartin为固定搭配，意思是“参与”，只有当part前有修饰成分时，part前才有冠词修饰。2．that→whether考查名词性从句。本句的意思是“但是我怀疑我能否有实力获胜”。doubt用在确定句时后面的宾语从句用whether引导，用在否定句中，后面的宾语从句用that引导。3．As→It考查名词性从句。本句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。4．am→were考查虚拟语气。asifIwereanativespeaker运用了虚拟语气，表达与事实相反。5．specially→especially考查副词。specially意思是“特地地”，而especially意思是“特殊地”。6．receive→accept考查动词。这里表达“接受挑战”，而receive指“被动地