2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元加餐练WELCOMEUNIT含解析新人教版必修第一册

单元加餐练Ⅰ.阅读理解Forcenturies,peoplewonderedhowbigtheEarthwas.Unfortunately,althoughtheEarthwasflat,noonewasabletofigure_outitssize.Gradually,however,peoplebegantorealizethattheEarthwasreallyround.Then,inthethirdcenturyBC(2,300yearsago),aGreekmannamedEratostheneshadanidea.EratostheneswassurethattheEarthwasasphere.Heusedthesunandgeometry(几何学)tofigureoutthesizeoftheEarth.Hecalculatedthatthecircumference(圆周)oftheEarthwas28,600miles(46,000kilometers).ThetruesizeoftheEarthis25,000miles(40,000kilometers)．Eratosthenes'measurementwaswrong,butitwasveryclosetothetruth.FormanycenturiesafterEratosheneslived,peoplemademapsoftheEarth.However,theydidnotknowverymuchabouttheworldoutsideofEurope,Asia,andNorthAfrica.MapmakerscouldnotdrawaccuratemapsoftheEarthuntilpeoplebegantravelingaroundtheworldinthefifteenthcentury,mappingsmallareaseachtime.Intheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,peoplebeganmakingcorrectmapsofcountries,butthefirstaccuratemapsoftheworldwerenotmadeuntilthe1890s.Mapstodayarereliable(可依靠的),inexpensive,andeasytounderstand.Peopledependonmapseveryday.Whatwouldourlivesbelikewithoutthem?本文是一篇科普文。文章介绍了地球是圆的的发觉过程及地图绘制的过程。1．Asphereisa________.A．largeshape B．planetC．ballshape D．memberofthesunfamily答案：C解析：推理推断题。依据其次段EratostheneswassurethattheEarthwasasphere.和Hecalculatedthatthecircumference(圆周)oftheEarthwas28,600miles(46,000kilometers)．可知sphere是球形，故选C。2．What'sasynonym(同义词)for“figureout”？A．geometry. B．calculate.C．makeout. D．understand.答案：B解析：词义揣测题。noonewasabletofigureoutitssize指没有人能够计算出它的大小，figureout“计算”，与calculate同义，故选B。3．Thefirstcorrectmapsoftheworldweremade________.A．inthe15thcentury B．inthe18thcenturyC．inthe19thcentury D．inthe20thcentury答案：C解析：推理推断题。依据倒数其次段thefirstaccuratemapsoftheworldwerenotmadeuntilthe1890s.可知世界上最早的精确地图是19世纪90年头出现的，故选C。4．WhendidmapmakersbegintodrawcorrectmapsoftheEarth?A．Whenpeoplebegantotravelaroundtheworld.B．WhenpeopleknewthesizeoftheEarth.C．WhenpeopleknewtheshapeoftheEarth.D．Beforepeopletraveledaroundtheworld.答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据倒数其次段MapmakerscouldnotdrawaccuratemapsoftheEarthuntilpeoplebegantravelingaroundtheworldinthefifteenthcentury,mappingsmallareaseachtime.可知到15世纪人们起先环游世界，地图制作者们才绘制出了精确的地球地图。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五TakingaChildFishingThereisnothingquitelikeseeingthesmileonayoungperson'sfacewhentheycatchtheirfish.Herearesomesimplestepsthatcanbetakentohelpchildrenandparentsenjoytheseearlyfishingexperiences.__1__It'seasiertoteachyoungchildrentofishifyourattentionistowardsthemandnottowardsyourownfishing.Ifyouarealsotryingtofish,thiscanmakethatdifficultforbothofyou.__2__Whentheyneedyourhelp,youcanhanddownyourtoolandtheycankeepfishing.Keeptripsshort.Childrenhaveshortattentionperiods.__3__Takethisintoconsiderationwhenplanningatrip.Whenitstopsbeingfunforthem,it'stimetocallitaday.Bringplentyofsnacksanddrinks.Eventhoughmostofthesetripswillbeshort,theywillgethungryandthirsty.Bringingplentyofsnacksanddrinksgivesthemalittlebreakfromfishing.__4__Youcanusethistimewhiletheyareeatingorplayingtodosomefishingyourself.Otherthanfishing.Justbecausetheyareonafishingtripdoesn'tmeanthattheyhavetofinishallthetime.Letthemdothingsbesidesfishingaslongasitisn'tinterfering(打搅)withthepeoplefishingaroundyou.__5__Astoponthewayhomeforicecreamorothertreatscanalsobeafunpartofthetrip.Rememberit'sallaboutthemhavingfunandhopefullywantingtogofishingwithyouagain.A．Letthemhelpmakechoices.B．Makethefishingtripaboutthem.C．Childrenlovetofeelliketheyarehelpingout.D．Thiscanbemoreexcitingtothemthantheactualfishing.E．Thesameistrueifyoubringafewsmalltoysforthemtoplaywith.F．Onewaytosolvethisproblemisforyoutousethetoolthechildcanuse.G．Anhourorpossiblytwowillbeaboutallofthefishingtheycanhandleinaday.本文是一篇说明文。没有什么比看到一个年轻人在捕鱼时脸上的微笑更让人兴奋的了。文章介绍了一些简洁的步骤，可以帮助孩子和父母享受这些早期钓鱼的阅历。1．B解析：此空是小标题，应当是短小精悍的祈使句，在A、B两项中选择。再依据下文内容，“假如你的留意力集中在小孩子身上，而不是你自己钓鱼的话，教他们钓鱼就更简洁了。假如你也想钓鱼，这会给你们俩带来困难。”由此推知，B项Makethefishingtripaboutthem.(围围着孩子安排钓鱼)切题。关键词是fishing。故选B。2．F解析：上文提示“假如你也想钓鱼，这会给你们俩带来困难。”承接上下文，F项Onewaytosolvethisproblemisforyoutousethetoolthechildcanuse.(解决这个问题的一种方法是运用孩子可以运用的工具)切题。故选F。3．G解析：上文提示“孩子们留意力集中的时间很短。”承接上文，G项Anhourorpossiblytwowillbeaboutallofthefishingtheycanhandleinaday.(他们一天大约能钓一个或两个小时的鱼)切题。故选G。4．E解析：上文提示“带上足够的零食和饮料可以让他们在钓鱼的间隙放松一下。”承接上文，E项Thesameistrueifyoubringafewsmalltoysforthemtoplaywith.(假如你带一些小玩具给他们玩，状况也是一样)切题。故选E。5．D解析：上文提示“让他们做一些钓鱼以外的事情，只要不干扰你四周的人钓鱼。”承接上文，D项Thiscanbemoreexcitingtothemthantheactualfishing.(对他们来说，这比真正的钓鱼更令人兴奋)切题。故选D。Ⅲ.完形填空TheFitting­inofSuzyKhanThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboysinmyclassoften__1__aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤儿)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilyintownwho__2__thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithAmericankids.Ilookeddownatthis__3__girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher__4__inwithus?Therehadtobea__5__.Oneday,whenIwentintotheclassroom,IsawthatSuzyhad__6__hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain,andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n)__7__copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethinginthecoming__8__show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker,andshowedherwhatSuzyhad__9__.“why,it'swonderful，”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted__10__thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon'thaveenough__11__.Couldyouhelpme,Suzy？”Onthedayofthetalentshow,Suzy's__12__wereeverywhere—alloverthehallandallovertheschool,eachonedifferent.“Andfinally，”saidMrBrown,theschoolmaster,attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)__13__award.I'msureyou'veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents__14__them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw__15__well？”MrBrownwaitedawhilebeforesaying,“__16__thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa__17__，too.Ourmystery(神奇)artistisournewstudent—SuzyKhan！”MrBrownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist'sset.“Thankyou，”shecried.I__18__，atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she'dprobablynever__19__anythinginherwholelife.Everyonestartedto__20__theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashysmileandtheapplausewasdeafening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtobeallright.本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲了一个非洲来的儿童Suzy被美国家庭收养，为让孩子了解美国生活，他们把孩子送进学校和美国孩子一起学习。但那些美国孩子却常常讪笑她。一次偶然的机会，“我”发觉了她的绘画才能，并把她介绍给艺术老师。艺术老师也认同她的绘画才能，让她帮自己制作才艺秀的海报。在才艺秀结束的时候，校长颁发给Suzy一个特别的奖项，同学们也认可和接纳了她。1．A.joked B．caredC．trains D．worried答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。依据语境，这里是说“班里的男孩子会拿她开玩笑，然后就是哄堂大笑。而她也只好眼含泪水地假装看书。”jokeabout拿……开玩笑；careabout介意，在乎；trainabout关于……的训练；worryabout为……担忧。故选A。2．A.reported B．decidedC．complained D．questioned答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。A.reported报告；B.decided确定；Cplained埋怨；D.questioned询问。这个非洲孤儿被美国家庭收养，美国家庭确定(认定)和美国孩子在一起才能让她学会美国生活方式。decide这里是认定、断定的意思。故选B。3．A.richB．proudC．tinyD．popular答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.rich有钱的；B.proud骄傲的；C.tiny微小的；D.popular受欢迎的。依据上文叙述，这个女孩比同龄12岁的孩子都要瘦小，所以“我低头看着这个小小的女孩子，下决心无论如何都要帮助她”。rich富有的，proud傲慢的，popular流行的，受欢迎的。明显都不符合语境。tiny＝“very”small。故选C。4．AeB．fallC．fitD．tie答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析和上下文语境。Ae来；B.fall落下；C.fit适合；D.tie系。我准备帮助这个女孩与大家融洽相处。文章标题已给出提示。fitinwith适合，与……一样。故选C。5．A.mannerB．patternC．choiceD．way答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.manner方式；B.pattern模式；C.choice选择；D.way方式。依据上文确定帮助小女孩与大家融洽相处，必需找寻一个方法/方法。manner做事或行为方式，多指行动的特别方式或独特的方法，pattern指模式、花样、图案等，choice指选择，way指方式、方法、手段等，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式。因为这里没有谈到什么方法，所以只能用笼统的方法way。故选D。6．A.readB．takenC．openedD．put答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析和语境理解。A.read阅读；B.taken拿走；C.opened打开；D.put放置。Suzy把书打开到火车图片那里。open...to把……翻到，to是介词，表达“到……地方”。其他均不合适。故选C。7．A.freeB．perfectC．finalD．extra答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析和上下文语境。A.free自由的；B.perfect完备的；C.final最终的；D.extra额外的。她对火车图的复制，效果怎样要看文中第9题后的陈述，“why,it'swonderful”可知，特别好，与此题选项中的perfect相近。故选B。8．A.artB．talkC．quizD．talent答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。A.art艺术；B.talk谈论；C.quiz小测试；D.talent才能，天才。依据后文第10题后的陈述“thetalentshow”我们知道这是一个才艺秀。故选D。9．A.coloredB．writtenC．carvedD．drawn答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析和语境理解。A.colored涂色；B.written书写；C.carved雕刻；D.drawn绘画。依据上文陈述，Suzy在画火车，所以这里应当是“我”把她画的东西展示给艺术老师看。故选D。10．A.atB．afterC．forD．around答案：C解析：考查介词。依据文章内容，这里是老师拿出一张“为才艺秀”做的海报。for意为“为……”。故选C。11．A.roomB．timeC．paperD．interest答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析和语境理解。A.room房间；B.time时间；C.paper纸；D.interest爱好。由该空前面“more”和空后的“help”两个词可知，老师还须要更多的海报，但老师“没有足够的时间”，所以才请Suzy帮忙制作。故选B。12．A.giftsB．booksC．photosD．posters答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析和上下文语境。A.gifts礼物；B.books书；C.photos照片；D.posters海报。上文已谈到，艺术老师想让Suzy帮忙制作一些海报，所以，才艺秀当天应当到处都能看到Suzy制作的海报。故选D。13．A.specialB．academicC．nationalD．royal答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.special特别的；B.academic学术的；C.national国家的；D.royal皇家的。才艺秀当天大家都表演了，还要颁发一个特别的奖项给制作海报的人，因为制作海报原本不是才艺秀的内容。故选A。14．A.paintedB．foundC．printedD．collected答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析和上下文语境。A.painted画；B.found发觉；C.printed印刷；D.collected收集。文中这句话的意思说“我们一个学生画了这些海报”，除了draw以外，我们还可以运用paint一词，表示绘画。故选A。15．A.veryB．thatC．quiteD．too答案：B解析：考查副词词义。修饰形容词或副词，表示那么，那样，我们一般用so，也可以用that，二者意思相近。thatwell＝“so”well。故选B。16．A.IfB．ThoughC．UnlessD．Since答案：D解析：考查状语从句的连接词和上下文语境。A.If假如；B.Though尽管；C.Unless除非；D.Since因为。“因为这位同学如此努力地画了这些海报”，所以值得嘉奖。since＝“now”that/because。故选D。17．A.prizeB．rankC．restD．place答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和语境理解。A.prize奖品；B.rank等级，军衔；C.rest休息；D.place地方。因为努力画了这些海报，这位同学值得嘉奖。故选A。18．A.replied B．realizedC．remembered D．regretted答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.replied回答；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记得；D.regretted懊悔。该空描写作者的思想活动，是意识到她从来没有拥有过什么，这些成就和别人的承认第一次让她意识到自己的实力和重要。故选B。19．A.offeredB．valuedC．ownedD．controlled答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.offered供应；B.valued评估，估价；C.owned拥有；D.controlled限制。因为是外来的移民，没有融入大家的生活中，这次活动让大家看到了她拥有的东西。故选C。20．A.clapB．waveC．raiseD．shake答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.clap鼓掌；B.wave挥手；C.raise提高；D.shake摇动。因为她画得好，得到校长表扬，才能得到大家认可，所以大家为她鼓掌。clapone'shands鼓掌。故选A。Ⅳ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。In2024,onein16Americansvisitedtheemergencyroomforhomeinjuriesthatresultedfromknives,ladders,andcookware,etc.Whatisthemaincausesoftheseaccidents?Awanderingmind.Byoneestimate,peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalftheirwakinghours.Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthetendencytothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskathand.Inoneexperiment,twoHarvardresearchersdevelopedaniPhoneapptoanalyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness.Theyfoundpeople'smindstendedtowandermorewhentheyfeltupsetratherthanhappy.Drinkingalcoholanddaydreamingalsoseemtogohandinhand.Andtheyoungerweare,themorelikelywemaybetoletourmindwander.Peopleaged18to25reportsignificantlymoretask­unrelatedthoughtsthanthoseaged60to85.Howdodaydreamsaffectdaydreamers?Justasawanderingmindmakesusaccident­proneathome,itleavesusmorelikelytobeattackedintrafficaccidents.Inanunusualstudy,Frenchresearchersvisitedanemergencyroomtointerview955patientsinvolvedintrafficaccidents.Themajorityofthemreportedhavingdaydreamedjustbefore