专题06 阅读还原5选5-学易金卷：5年（2019-2023）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编（福建专用）（解析版）

专题06阅读还原5选5（2023·福建·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。Sailingaboatisgreatexercise,whichcanbeenjoyedwithfamilyorfriends.Manypeopleallovertheworldsaileachyear.Withsomelessonsandpractice,youcouldbeoneofthem.1●Understandthebasics(基础知识).Whenyou’restartingoutinsailing,learnthebasicsfirst.2Itworkslikeanysailboat-withsailstocatchthewindandpushtheboatforward.Thesailor,thepersonworkingtheboat,hastobeabletomovethesails,aswellasusearudder(舵)inordertodirecttheboatwheretheywantittogo.●Findsailingnearyou.Themostimportantlessonyoucanlearninsailingishowtodoitsafely,withthehelpofexperiencedsailingcoaches.3Thenaskyourparentstocallthemtofindoutwhatlessonsorcampstheyhaveforkidsinyouragegroup.●Prepareforyourlesson.Asabeginner,yourlessonwillstartonland.You’lllearnskills,likehowtoraisethesailsbypullingonthelines.4Itincludestheboatandalifevest(救生衣).Askwhattypeofshoesyoushouldwear,anddressinclothesthatwilldryeasily.●5Remembertoalwayswearyourlifevestonornearwater,evenwhenyou’reonthedock(码头).Don’tgonearaboatortakeoneoutunlessyourparentsagree,andneversailorswimalone.A．Staysafe.B．Here’showtogetstarted.C．Youshouldbeginonasmallboatmadeforkids.D．Thelessonshouldalsoprovidemostofwhatyouneedtosail.E．First,findsailingclubsandsearchforyouthlessonsnearyou.【答案】1．B2．C3．E4．D5．A【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何航海的方法。1．根据“Withsomelessonsandpractice,youcouldbeoneofthem”及下文的介绍可知，此处应填入一个承上启下的句子，来引出下文介绍开始乘船航海的方法，B选项“接下来就说说如何开始的方法”符合，故选B。2．根据“Itworkslikeanysailboat-withsailstocatchthewindandpushtheboatforward”可知，此处建议以某种类型的船开始，C选项“你应该从为孩子们做的小船开始”符合，故选C。3．根据“Themostimportantlessonyoucanlearninsailingishowtodoitsafely,withthehelpofexperiencedsailingcoaches”可知，此处提到了去某些俱乐部学习，向里面的教练学习，E选项“首先，找到帆船俱乐部，在你附近寻找青年课程”符合，故选E。4．根据“Itincludestheboatandalifevest(救生衣).Askwhattypeofshoesyoushouldwear,anddressinclothesthatwilldryeasily”可知，要准备好乘船旅行的东西，D选项“这节课还应该提供你航行所需要的大部分东西”符合，故选D。5．根据“Remembertoalwayswearyourlifevestonornearwater…”可知，本段的建议是与“安全”有关，A选项“保持安全”符合，故选A。（2022·福建·统考中考真题）Cyclistsneedtobemorecarefulthanotherroadusers,asit’smucheasierforyoutogethurt.Rememberthatwhenyouareonacycle,youhavenoprotectionfromdangersaroundyou.6Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecycling.Thisisbecauseyouneedtolookoutfortheroadandothertraffic.Youshouldalwayswearahelmetasthiscancutdowntheriskofgettinghurtontheheadinanaccident.Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.7Alwayslookcarefullybeforeyoustart,stoporturn.Letdriversknowyouhaveseenthem.8Ifnot,whynot?Brakesmustworkwellinallconditions:dryandwet.Arethetyresingoodconditiontomakesureofthesafetyofyourtrip?Trafficlawsapply(适用)toyouasacyclist,aswellasotherroadusers.9Itisagainstthelawforthemtotakethefollowingactions.●Jumpredlights,includinglightsatpedestrian(行人)crossings,unlessthere’sasignshowingthatcyclistsareallowedtodothis.●10●Cyclethewrongwayupaone-waystreet,unlessthere’sasignshowingthatcyclistscandoso.A．Cyclistsmustobeytrafficlaws.B．Isyourbikecheckedfromtimetotime?C．Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtokeepsafe.D．Showdriverswhatyouplantodoinplentyoftime.E．Rideacrosspedestriancrossings,unlessyouareallowedto.【答案】6．C7．D8．B9．A10．E【文章大意】本文给出了一些骑自行车如何保持安全的建议。6．根据“Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecycling.”；“Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.”可知，此处是一些保持安全的建议。选项C“这里有一些关于如何保持安全的建议。”符合语境。故选C。7．根据“Donotchangeyourdirectionsuddenly.”以及“Alwayslookcarefullybefore,youStart,stoporturn.”可知，此处是介绍开车时的一些建议。选项D“向司机展示您计划在充足的时间内做什么。”符合语境。故选D。8．根据“Ifnot,whynot?Brakesmustworkwellinallconditions:”可知，此处是在说自行车检查的一些事项。选项B“您的自行车是否经常检查？”符合语境。故选B。9．根据“Trafficlawsapplytoyouasacyclist,aswellasotherroadusers.”可知，此处是和骑自行车者的交通法有关。选项A“骑自行车的人必须遵守交通法规。”符合语境。故选A。10．根据“Itisagainstthelawforthemtotakethefollowingactions.”可知，此处是说介绍一些违反交通法的行为。选项E“除非允许，否则请穿过人行横道。”符合语境。故选E。（2021·福建·统考中考真题）Theonlythingbetterthanreadingagoodbookisreadingitwithothers.Inabookclub,agroupofpeoplechooseabookthateveryonewillreadseparatelyandthendiscusstogether.11It’salsoalotoffuntotalkaboutwhatyou’rereadingwithfriends.Therearenorulesofstartingabookclub.12It’sgoodtothinkaheadabouthowyou’dlikethebookclubtorunandwhenandwhereyou’llmeet.13Thinkofeighttotwelvepeoplearoundyourage.Perhapsencourageyourfriendstoinvitepeoplewhotheyknowwellbutyouhaven’tmet.Abookclubcanhelpyoumakefriends.Second,havingasubjectcanmaketheclubreceivemoreattention.Youmightwanttoreadfantasystoriesorsciencefiction(小说).14Ifyoutakeitinturnstochoosethebooksyouread,youmightdiscoversomegreatnewbooksandauthorstoo.Finally,makesureyoureadthebookbeforethemeeting.15Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Trytostartabookclubofyourown.A．First,invitesomefriendstobeyourmembersB．ReadingisnotonlysomethingyouenjoybyyourselfC．AsubjectmakesiteasiertodecidewhichbookstoreadD．AndthencometothemeetingwithquestionstodiscussE．Theplanforitmightwellchange,dependingonthegroup【答案】11．B12．E13．A14．C15．D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章就怎样组建读书俱乐部提供了一些方法。11．根据后句“It’salsoalotoffuntotalkaboutwhatyou’rereadingwithfriends.”可知，空处应是说阅读不仅仅是自己一人喜欢的事情。选项B“阅读不仅仅是你自己享受的东西”符合语境。故选B。12．根据前句“Therearenorulesofstartingabookclub.”可知，空处应是说读书俱乐部的计划随时会变化。选项E“计划很可能会改变，取决于团队”符合语境。故选E。13．根据后句“Thinkofeighttotwelvepeoplearoundyourage.”可知，空处应是说俱乐部的成员问题。选项A“首先，邀请一些朋友成为你的会员”符合语境。故选A。14．根据前文“Second,havingasubjectcanmaketheclubreceivemoreattention.Youmightwanttoreadfantasystoriesorsciencefiction(小说).”可知，空处应是说先选择主题的重要性。选项C“一个主题可以让你更容易决定读哪本书”符合语境。故选C。15．根据前句“Finally,makesureyoureadthebookbeforethemeeting.”可知，空处应是说确定读哪本书的原因。选项D“然后带着问题来开会讨论”符合语境。故选D。（2020·福建·统考中考真题）Youhavelotsofthingsyou'dliketodo.Butsometimesit'shardtogettothefinishline-justlikeyourgoal.Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?16Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.●Ican''tgetawayfromscreens.17IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.Takeabooktoyourroomoryourviolintothebackyard.Oraskifyoucanhelpcookinthekitchen.●18Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.Forexample,howdoIpracticethepiano?Firstsitatit.Thenplayonenoteatatime.Startingwithasuper-simplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.19●Ihavenotime.Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?Let'ssupposeyouwanttobesinger.20Talkwithaparentaboutwhyyourgoalcounts.Discusswhetheryoucanletgoofsomethinglessimportanttofreeuptimetoachieveit.A．Thenkeeptakingsteps.B．Ican'tstartsuchahugegoal.C．Andhowcanyoutrytoreachyourgoals?D．Tochangeahabit,trychangingwhereyouspendyourtime.E．Isitmoreimportanttopracticesingingthanplayvideogames?【答案】16．C17．D18．B19．A20．E【文章大意】生活中我们有很多想做的事情，但有时候却很难到达终点。怎样才能改掉坏习惯，养成好习惯呢？文章中列举了一些学生们不好的习惯，并对如何改掉这些习惯提出了建议。16．上句话“Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?”提出问题，下句话“Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.”引出文章主旨。C选项也提出了问题，与上面的问题衔接，符合语境。故选C。17．根据下句话“IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.”可知，想要改掉总是躺在沙发上看电视的习惯，就去别的地方。D选项“要改变一种习惯，试着改变你花费时间的地方”符合语境，故选D。18．根据下文“Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.”可知，这个是建议学生们从“到场”开始，然后完成一个小任务，接着再做另一件、另一件。由此可猜测，这个做法应该是针对那些不能完成一个大目标的学生的。故选B。19．根据语境“Startingwithasuper-simplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.”可知，先从简单的步骤开始，接下来要继续采取步骤，一步一步，最后才能实现目标。A选项符合语境，故选A。20．根据上文“Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?”可知，这个建议是看看你如何支配时间，这些选择是否表明什么对你来说是重要的？这里用想成为歌手举例，那就要问问自己“是练习唱歌重要，还是玩游戏重要”，E选项符合语境，故选E。（2019·福建·中考真题）Seeingbloodinahorrormoviemightmakeyoucoveryoureyes,butrealbloodisn’tscaryatall.21That’swhyblooddonorsareconsideredlifesavers.Blooddonorsarethosegivingblood---usuallyabout200mlatatime---tobloodbanksorblooddonation(捐赠)centers.22Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequireshisbloodtobereplaced.Hospitalsandbloodbanksstorethebloodandtrytokeepenoughonhand.23Medicalworkersaskdonorsseveralquestionstomakesurethebloodissafetouse.Thenthedonorsrelax,oftenreadingamagazineortalkingastheirbloodisdrawn.Afterward,thedonorsmayreceivesomejuiceorwaterandmaybefruittogivethemenergy.Theprocessissimple,notscary.24Togiveblood,apersonmustbeatleast18yearsoldandmustmeetcertainotherrequirements.Studentsofallages,though,canlearnmoreaboutthedonationprocessbyvisitingalocalblooddonationcenter.25Itisalsoaneasywaytohelpacommunity.A．Donatingbloodisnotdifficult.B．Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed.C．Infact,bloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusalive.D．Donatingbloodisnotonlyoneoftheeasiestwaystosavelives.E．Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagaininseveralmonthsiftheywish.【答案】21．C22．B23．A24．E25．D【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述献血的原因、条件和流程。21．根据That’swhyblooddonorsareconsideredlifesavers“那就是献血者为什么被称为救星”可知，空处表示血的重要性，即“血是生命的礼物，让我们活着”，故选C。22．根据Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequireshisbloodtobereplaced“例如，有人可能在事故中失血，或患有严重疾病，需要更换血液”可知，举个例子说明，血用于真正需要的人，故选B。23．根据Medicalworkersaskdonorsseveralquestionstomakesurethebloodissafetouse.Thenthedonorsrelax,oftenreadingamagazineortalkingastheirbloodisdrawn“医学工作者问献血者一些问题来确保血是安全的，然后献血者放松，当他们的血被抽走时，他们正在读杂志或者聊天”可知，说明献血不困难，故选A。24．根据全段可知，主要讲述献血的流程，所以空处应该说“如果他们愿意，大多数人可以在几个月内再一次献血”，故选E。25．根据Itisalsoaneasywaytohelpacommunity“这也是帮助一个社区最简单的方法”中的also可知，应说“献血不仅是拯救生命最简单的方法”，故选D。（2023·福建漳州·统考一模）HaveyouevervisitedtheEarthBuilding?InthewesternpartofFujianprovince,therearegroupsofearthbuildings.TheyaremainlybuiltbytheHakkapeopleofFujian,sotheyhavebeenconsideredassymbolsofHakkaculture.1HakkaEarthBuildingisfamousforitslonghistory,unusualstyleandsmartstructure(结构).2Theyarebuiltontheflatplacebetweenmountainsandhills.Formostbuildings,theyfacesouthwithriversontheleft,roadsontheright,pondsinthefrontandhillsattheback.3Thebuildingsarebuiltfordefensive(防御性的)purposeatthefirstplace.Wallsareasthickasonetotwometers.Therearenowindowsinthefirstandsecondstory.Topreventfromfireaccidents,thereiswaterandsandinsidethebuildings.4ThesebuildingsaresoamazingthattheywereinscribedontheWorldHeritageList(世界遗产名录)in2008.Today,theearthbuildingsareoneofFujianProvince’stoptouristattractions.5Thetourismhaschangedthelocalpeople’slives.Mostofthemarebusywiththetourism,insteadoffarmingnow.A．Thistypeofbuildingisroundinshape.B．AndwecallthemHakkaEarthBuilding.C．Moreandmorevisitorscomehereforavisit.D．Thereisalsoanundergroundbackgateforescaping.E．Thislocation(位置)makesthemcomfortableplacestolive.【答案】1．B2．A3．E4．D5．C【文章大意】本文主要介绍了福建客家人建造的客家土楼。1．根据“therearegroupsofearthbuildings.TheyaremainlybuiltbytheHakkapeopleofFujian,sotheyhavebeenconsideredassymbolsofHakkaculture.”和下文“HakkaEarthBuilding”可知，空处应是引出“客家土楼”，B项“我们称之为客家土楼。”符合语境，故选B。2．根据“HakkaEarthBuildingisfamousforitslonghistory,unusualstyleandsmartstructure(结构).”可知，这是本段的主题句，所以空处应是介绍该建筑的风格，A项“这种建筑是圆形的。”符合语境，故选A。3．根据“Theyarebuiltontheflatplacebetweenmountainsandhills.Formostbuildings,theyfacesouthwithriversontheleft,roadsontheright,pondsinthefrontandhillsattheback”可知，介绍的是这些建筑的地理位置，E项“这个位置使它们成为舒适的居住地”符合语境，故选E。4．根据“Thebuildingsarebuiltfordefensive(防御性的)purposeatthefirstplace....Topreventfromfireaccidents,thereiswaterandsandinsidethebuildings.”可知，此处是介绍这些建筑的防御性以及逃生系统，所以D项“还有一个地下后门可供逃生。”符合语境，故选D。5．根据“Today,theearthbuildingsareoneofFujianProvince’stoptouristattractions.”可知，现今，土楼是福建省最著名的旅游景点之一，所以空处应是和旅游有关，C项“越来越多的游客来这里参观。”符合语境，故选C。（2023·福建泉州·统考一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，意思完整。Wearetoldthatweshoulddrinkatleast2,000mlofwateraday,andmoreifweareexercising.Buttoomuchwatercanbedeadlydangerous.6Theresultishyponatraemia（whichliterallymeans“lowsalt”）.Whenwesweat（流汗）,welosenecessarysaltswhichthebodyneedstokeepitsbalance.Excessivesweatingcoupledwithdrinkingcauselowersaltinthebodytoadangerouslevel.7Oritmightleadtobeingsickandevendying.8AdoctorinSouthAfricanoticeditwhenhetreatedawomandoinglong-distancerunning.However,anyonemayhavehyponatraemiaiftheydrinkwaterforalongperiodoftimewithouttakinginsalts.Herearesomemainthingsthatcouldmakesomeonehavehyponatraemia.9Theyarelessabletodealwiththeirthirst,andtheirwaterandsaltlevels,bythemselves.Secondly,anyonewhoexercisesforalongperiodoftimeisatrisk.Thirdly,peoplewhosesweatlossrisesto1000mlanhourareatriskbecauseofincreasingheat.10Butitisbesttohavedrinkswithsaltsinthem,andtotakesportsdrinkswhenexercising.A．Hyponatraemiawasfirstknownin1981.B．Unfortunately,manypeopledon’trealizethat.C．Thosemostatriskaretheveryyoungandtheveryold.D．Inthiscase,ourbodyneedstogetanewsupplysaltintime.E．Weshouldalldrinkwaterandneedmoreduringhotconditions.【答案】6．B7．D8．A9．C10．E【文章大意】本文介绍了在运动后应该如何喝水以及不适当饮水的危害。6．根据“Buttoomuchwatercanbedeadlydangerous.”可知，喝过多的水是致命的，后面的内容和这点有关。选项B“不幸的是，许多人没有意识到这一点。”符合语境。故选B。7．根据“Oritmightleadtobeingsickandevendying.”可知，横线处应是表示这种情况下怎么做，否则会生病或死亡。选项D“在这种情况下，我们的身体需要及时获得新的盐供应。”符合语境。故选D。8．根据“doctorinSouthAfricanoticeditwhenhetreatedawomandoinglong-distancerunning.”可知，横线处引入发现了低钠血症这个话题。选项A“1981年首次发现低钠血症。”符合语境。故选A。9．根据“Theyarelessabletodealwiththeirthirst,andtheirwaterandsaltlevels,bythemselves.”可知，横线处表示容易患上这种疾病的人群。选项C“风险最大的是非常年轻和非常年老的人。”符合语境。故选C。10．根据“Butitisbesttohavedrinkswithsaltsinthem,andtotakesportsdrinkswhenexercising.”可知，横线处和喝水有关。选项E“我们都应该喝水，在炎热的天气里需要更多的水。”符合语境。故选E。（2023·福建三明·统考一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。Asthepopulationinourcountryagesrapidly,wefacegreatchallenges(挑战).11Thesmartwatermeter(智能水表)CommunityworkersonJiangsuStreetinShanghaihavefixed(安装)smartwatermetersatthehomesofoldpeoplelivingalone.Thewatermeterwillsendanalarm(警报)tocommunityworkersiflessthan0.01m3ofwaterisusedinhalfaday.Thatallowscommunityworkerstorushtocheckthesituationofoldpeople.12Theone-clickservice(一键式服务)telephoneInBeijing’sTongzhou,communityworkershavefixedone-clickservicetelephonesfortheold.Withjustaclickonthephone,oldpeopleintroublecancallforhelp.RenXiuzhen,an80-year-oldwoman,saidherhusbandisinpoorhealth.Theone-clickservicetelephoneisverysimpletouse.13ThesmartwatchFor61-year-oldShaRuifang,asmartwatchhelpsalot.14Shesaidonceshewasoutwithherfamilywhenshesuddenlyreceivedacallfromthesmartelderlycarecontrolcenter.Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredanunusualheartbeat(心跳)throughthewatchandaskedherifshefeltunhealthy.15Andastheproblemwasdiscoveredearly,sheonlyneededtotakesomemedicine.A．Theywilldealwiththeproblemthatoldpeopleusewaterintime.B．Itallowshertogooutwithoutworryingtoomuchaboutanunexpectedsituation.C．Thegoodnewsisthattherearemanyinventionstosupporttheold.D．Aftergoingtothehospital,shewastoldthattherewasaproblemwithherheart.E．Withit,shecanspendlittletimecalling120ifsheorherhusbandisinneed.【答案】11．C12．A13．E14．B15．D【文章大意】本文介绍了三项能够在生活中帮助老人的发明：智能水表，一键式服务电话，智能手表，并介绍了这些发明具体帮助老人的例子。11．根据“Asthepopulationinourcountryagesrapidly,wefacegreatchallenges”可知，本文主要介绍老人问题，由“facegreatchallenges”可知面临很大的挑战，与其对应的是C选项“好消息是有许多发明能支持老人”。故选C。12．根据“Thewatermeterwillsendanalarm(警报)tocommunityworkersiflessthan0.01m3ofwaterisusedinhalfaday”可知，本段介绍通过检测老人用水情况及时为老人提供帮助，与其对应的是A选项“他们能及时处理老人用水的问题”。故选A。13．根据“”RenXiuzhen,an80-year-oldwoman,saidherhusbandisinpoorhealth”可知，本段举了一位女性和她身体不好的丈夫的例子，与其对应的是E选项“如果她或她的丈夫有需要时，她可以用这个发明及时拨打120”。故选E。14．根据“For61-year-oldShaRuifang,asmartwatchhelpsalot”可知，本段以一位61岁的女性为例，与其对应的是B选项“这允许她自由外出，并不担心太多突发情况”。故选B。15．根据“Theysaidtheyhaddiscoveredanunusualheartbeat(心跳)throughthewatchandaskedherifshefeltunhealthy”可知，通过智能手表，工作人员发现这位女士的心跳不太正常，与其对应的是D选项“在去医院之后，她被告知她的心脏有点问题”。故选D。（2023·福建福州·统考一模）HumanshavebeenstaringupatMercury,Venus,Mars,JupiterandSaturnforthousandsofyears.16Theynoticedthateachplanethadadifferentcharacteristic.Theymappedtheplanets’movementsandnamedthemafterthegodsfromtheirmythology(神话).Mercury,istheclosestplanettotheSun.17SotheRomansnameditafterthegodwhocarriesmessages.Venusshinesthebrightestinthenightsky.That’swhytheRomansgaveitthenameoftheirgoddessofloveandbeauty.MarswasnamedaftertheRomangodofwarforitsredcolor.18Therefore,theRomansgaveitthenameofthekingoftheirgods.TheythennameditsneighboringringedplanetSaturnaftertheking’sfather.Thepracticeofusingstoriesfrommythologytonameobjectsintheskycaughton.WhenWilliamHerscheldiscoveredUranusin1781,hewantedtonameitaftertheEnglishking,GeorgeIII.19ThenamecamefromOuranos,theGreekgodofthesky.Decadeslater.JohannGallediscoveredtheeighthplanet.Whentheysawtheplanet’sbluetint,theastronomersnameditNeptuneaftertheRomangodofthesea.HowaboutourEarth?Youwon’tfindanyGreekorRomangodswiththatname.“Earth”actuallycamefromoldEnglishandGermanicwords,meaning“ground”.20A．Thenameisprettyfitting,right?B．However,othersdecidedtocallitUranus.C．AncientRomanspaidalotofattentiontothem.D．Jupiteristhelargestplanetinthesolarsystem.E．Itappearedtomovefasterthantheothers.【答案】16．C17．E18．D19．B20．A【文章大意】本文主要是介绍几个行星名字的由来。16．根据空格下文“Theynoticedthateachplanethadadifferentcharacteristic.”可知人类观察了行星很久，选项C“古罗马人非常关注它们。”符合题意，故选C。17．根据“Mercury,istheclosestplanettotheSun…SotheRomansnameditafterthegodwhocarriesmessages.”可知水星离太阳最近，又以传送信息的上帝命名，可推测水星的移动速度应该也快，选项E“它似乎比其他的行星移动得更快。”符合题意，故选E。18．根据“Therefore,theRomansgaveitthenameofthekingoftheirgods.”可知众神之王意味着可能是最大的行星，选项D“木星是太阳系中最大的行星。”符合题意，故选D。19．根据“WhenWilliamHerscheldiscoveredUranusin1781”和“ThenamecamefromOuranos,theGreekgodofthesky.”可知空格处在讲关于天王星的事，选项B“然而，其他人决定称之为天王星。”符合题意，故选B。20．根据“‘Earth’actuallycamefromoldEnglishandGermanicwords,meaning‘ground’.”可知地球的意思是地面，可推测空格处是对地球名字的看法，选项A“这个名字很合适，对吧？”符合题意，故选A。（2023·福建南平·统考一模）OnMay23,someworkersremovedthelastpayphoneinNewYorkCity.ItisnowbeinghousedattheMuseumoftheCityofNewYork.21However,itsstorystillholdsanimportantplaceinhistory.22Beforethat,manypeople,includingGray,couldnotaffordtopaythemonthlyfees(月费)tohaveatelephoneintheirhomes.Onedayin1888,Grayneededtocalladoctorforhissickwife.23Themanexplainedhiswife’sconditiontothepeopleatthefactory.Theyfinallyagreedtolethimusetheirphone.Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.24Threeyearslater,hesetuphisowncompanyandbegansettinguppayphonesacrosstheUSA．Aboutonehundredyearslater,thereweremorethantwomillionpayphonesinthecountry.Today,onlyafewofthesepayphoneboxesstillremain.Some,forexample,havebeenturnedintoWi-Fistations.Peoplecanalsocharge(给……充电)theirsmartphonesthere.25Well,theyareagoodreminderforusall.Theyremindustorememberandtoliveinharmony(和谐)withourpast.A．Whydowestillneedthem?B．Heaskedtousethetelephoneatalocalfactory.C．Hisknowledgeofmachineshelpedhimtoinventthefirstpayphone.D．Theera(时代)ofthepublictelephoneseemstohavecometoanend.E．Theworld’sfirstpayphoneswereinventedbyAmericanmechanicWilliamGray.【答案】21．D22．E23．B24．C25．A【文章大意】本文主要讲述了公共付费电话的发展历史。21．根据上文“ItisnowbeinghousedattheMuseumoftheCityofNewYork.”可知，纽约的最后一部公共付费电话被收藏在纽约市博物馆，也就代表了公共付费电话的时代已成为历史，选项D“公共电话的时代似乎已结束。”符合语境。故选D。22．根据下文“Beforethat,manypeople,includingGray,couldnotaffordtopaythemonthlyfees(月费)tohaveatelephoneintheirhomes.”和“Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.”可知，Gray是众多因付不起每月的电话费而无法在家安装电话的人之中的其中一位，而在那之后，Gray就有了要创造公共付费电话的想法，选项E“世界上第一部公共付费电话是由美国的一位技工WilliamGray所发明的。”符合语境。故选E。23．根据上文“Onedayin1888,Grayneededtocalladoctorforhissickwife.”和下文“Themanexplainedhiswife’sconditiontothepeopleatthefactory.Theyfinallyagreedtolethimusetheirphone.”可知，在1888年的一天，Gray需要为他生病的妻子叫来医生，他向工厂的人解释了他妻子的情况，最终工厂的人同意了让他使用电话，选项B“他请求在当地一家工厂打电话。”符合语境。故选B。24．根据上文“Afterthat,Graygottheideatocreatepublicpayphones.”和下文“Threeyearslater,hesetuphisowncompanyandbegansettinguppayphonesacrosstheUSA.”可知，在Gray因妻子生病而需打电话后，他就有了创造公共付费电话的想法，在三年后，他创建了自己的公司，并开始在美国设立公共付费电话，选项C“他对机械的了解帮助了他发明第一部公共付费电话。”符合语境。故选C。25．根据上文“Today,onlyafewofthesepayphoneboxesstillremain.Some,forexample,havebeenturnedintoWi-Fistations.Peoplecanalsocharge(给……充电)...”可知，现如今只有少量的公共付费电话还存留着，有一些已经变成了Wi-Fi站点，此空应是选项A“我们为什么还需要它们呢？”结合下文“Well,theyareagoodreminderforusall.Theyremindustorememberandtoliveinharmony(和谐)withourpast.”，可知下文即是这个问题的回答“它们对于所有人来说是一个很好的提醒，它们提醒了我们要记住过去，并且要与我们的过去和谐相处”。故选A。（2023·福建漳州·统考二模）阅读下而短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填人短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.26Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobodyhastoworryaboutfashion.Everybodywearsthesamestyleofclothes.27AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedge(边沿)ofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.28Theanswertothisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.29SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridof(放弃)them.Someverygoodschoolsdon’thaveauniformpolicy.30Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.A．However,uniformsarestillpopular.B．Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.C．Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.D．Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?E．Otherstudiesshowednoconnectionbetweenuniformsandstudents’grades.【答案】26．C27．B28．D29．E30．A【文章大意】本文主要讲了校服的诸多好处以及存在的一些争议。26．根据前文“Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.”可知这是文章的总起句，由下文“Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform.nobodyhastoworryaboutfashion.Everybodywearsthesamestyleofclothes.”可知讲的是学生在学校穿统一校服的情况。选项C“首先，校服有助于学校看起来时髦”符合语境，故选C。27．根据“Ontheedge(边沿)ofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.”可知此处讲了校服的作用，选项B“校服可能会以意想不到的方式发挥作用”符合语境，故选B。28．根据“OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms”可知此处讲的是校服对成绩的影响，选项D“但是校服能帮助提高学校水平吗”符合语境，故选D。29．根据“OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudentsgradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms”可知此处讲的是美国的一项研究发现，学校推出校服后，学生的成绩略有提高。后文应是讲其他的研究，选项E“其他研究表明，校服和学生的成绩之间没有联系”符合语境，故选E。30．根据“Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.”可知大约90%的英国中学的学生都穿校服，所以校服很受学生欢迎，选项A“然而，校服仍然很受欢迎”符合语境，故选A。（2023·福建南平·统考二模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。

Theyear2023istheYearoftheRabbit.DoyouknowwheretherabbitisputamongthetwelveChinesezodiacsigns(生肖)?Alongtimeago,therabbitandtheoxwereneighbors.31Sotheoxaskeditforadviceonrunning.Therabbitshookitsheadproudlyandsaid,“Youaretoofatandheavytorunfast.”32Itbegantopracticerunningeveryday.Finally,itsfeetbecamestrongandcouldrunasfastasthewind.

Oneday,therabbit,oxandotheranimalstookpartinaracetotheHeavenlyPalace(天宫).Thefirsttwelveanimalstoarrivewouldbelistedasthetwelvezodiacsigns.33Sinceitfoundnootheranimalsontheroad,itdecidedtorestforawhileandhaveashortsleep.Theoxsetofflaterthantherabbit,buttheoxneverrested.34

Whenthetiger,anothergoodrunner,ranpasttherabbit,therabbitwokeupatlast.35Butit